CN101494134B - Protective element - Google Patents
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- CN101494134B CN101494134B CN 200910005901 CN200910005901A CN101494134B CN 101494134 B CN101494134 B CN 101494134B CN 200910005901 CN200910005901 CN 200910005901 CN 200910005901 A CN200910005901 A CN 200910005901A CN 101494134 B CN101494134 B CN 101494134B
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- melting alloy
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Abstract
The invention provides a spring type meltable alloy protective component, which can effectively prevent creep of low melting point alloy caused by compression reaction of a compression spring, thereby guaranteeing the normal operation of the protective component. The invention is provided with a pair of wire fixing electrodes (2a,2b), a guiding shaft (3) arranged side by side with the wire fixing electrodes, a movable electrode (2c) archedly arranged between the wire fixing electrodes (2a,2b) under the cut-in condition of the guiding shaft, wherein the low melting point alloy (5a,5c) is used to joint the front end of each wire fixing electrodes (2a,2b) and the movable electrode(2c), and joint the guiding shaft (3) and the movable electrode(2c); a compression spring (4) is arranged for activating the movable electrode to be separated from the wire fixing electrodes, due to the melting of the low melting point alloy (5a,5c), the movable electrode(2c) is activated by the compression spring (4) to separate from the wire fixing electrodes.
Description
Technical field
The protection component that the present invention relates to utilize the fusion of low-melting alloy to move is used for the temperature fuse of temperature fuse, strip resistance.
Background technology
Thereby as because protected equipment the overheated and low-melting alloy fusion is cut off to the alloy type thermal fuse of the power supply of protected equipment; known following spring alloy type thermal fuse: utilize low-melting alloy across being engaged between the couple of conductor fixed electrode movable electrode; the compression spring that above-mentioned movable electrode effect is made the power of its direction of opening from above-mentioned lead fixed electrode isolation is set, thereby and owing to the fusion of above-mentioned low-melting alloy is used the compression spring and made it open (for example patent documentation 1～3 etc.) from above-mentioned lead fixed electrode isolation to the movable electrode application of force.
Patent documentation 1: Japan opens clear 47-10830 communique in fact
Patent documentation 2: the real public clear 57-37382 communique of Japan
Patent documentation 3: the real public clear 59-23340 communique of Japan
Fig. 7 illustrates an example of spring alloy type thermal fuse in the past.
In Fig. 7,2a ', 2b ' are the couple of conductor fixed electrodes, and 2c ' is movable electrode, and 5 ' is the low-melting alloy that each engaged at end of movable electrode 2c ' is arrived the front end of each lead fixed electrode 2a ', 2b ', and 4 ' is the compression spring.1 ' expression insulation base station, 7 ' expression housing (case).
In this spring alloy type thermal fuse; using fully, low thermal contact resistance is installed to protected equipment; when because when protected equipment overheated and low-melting alloy 5 ' fusion; movable electrode 2c ' because the compression of compression spring 4 ' discharges elastic force from lead fixed electrode 2a ', 2b ' thus keep apart the power supply of cutting off to protected equipment, prevent the generation of abnormal heating even the fire of protected equipment.
In above-mentioned spring alloy type thermal fuse, the compression reaction force of compression spring 4 ' always acts on the low-melting alloy 5 ' that is engaging lead fixed electrode 2a ' (2b ') and movable electrode 2c ', low-melting alloy 5 ' final creep rupture, thus might be difficult to ensure original regular event.In addition, if use the spring of the spring stress of this degree of breaking that can only bring creep stress not reach low-melting alloy 5 ', though then can prevent creep rupture, but might be because heating atmosphere till actual act etc. and deterioration, can't guarantee to obtain the release elastic force that movable electrode is kept apart.
Particularly, in recent years, require the unleaded of low-melting alloys such as scolding tin in environmental protection, as this Unlead low-smelting point alloy, developed comprise among Sn or the In at least any and with Bi, the Sb low-melting alloy (hereinafter referred to as Bi class low-melting alloy, Sb class low-melting alloy) as composition, if but present inventor etc. find these low-melting alloys connection direct currents then separate out Bi, Sb at the interface of cathode side electrode and low-melting alloy, and this are separated out the phenomenon of part tender.
If with above-mentioned Bi class low-melting alloy or the Sb class low-melting alloy low-melting alloy as above-mentioned spring alloy type thermal fuse, and in direct current system, use, then generation Bi or Sb separate out the position in low-melting alloy, this position causes the initial failure of spring alloy type thermal fuse owing to the compression reaction force of compression spring is broken.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to; using between low-melting alloy wire bonds fixed electrode and the movable electrode; set up this movable electrode is applied along the compression spring of the pressure that makes its direction of opening from the lead fixed electrode isolation; thereby owing to making the compression spring, the fusion of low-melting alloy discharges the fusible metal alloy type protection component of the spring that movable electrode is opened from the lead fixed electrode isolation from compressive state; prevent the creep owing to the low-melting alloy that causes of compression reaction force of compression spring effectively, thereby ensure the regular event of this protection component.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fusible metal alloy type protection component of spring; contain Bi or Sb as alloying component; under the direct current energising; in low-melting alloy, separate out the Bi class low-melting alloy of Bi, Sb or Sb class low-melting alloy even will join with the cathode side electrode as low-melting alloy, also can get rid of well because the reaction force of above-mentioned compression spring and separate out position or Sb at the above-mentioned Bi of fragility and separate out breaking that the position takes place.
The protection component that technical scheme 1 is related; it is characterized in that; has the couple of conductor fixed electrode; be arranged side by side leading axle with these lead fixed electrodes; movable electrode is inserted logical state across being arranged between the above-mentioned lead fixed electrode to be directed axle; utilize low-melting alloy to engage between the front end of each lead fixed electrode and the movable electrode and between above-mentioned leading axle and the movable electrode; the compression spring that above-mentioned movable electrode effect is made the power of its direction of opening from above-mentioned lead fixed electrode isolation is set; because the fusion of above-mentioned low-melting alloy, spring energizedly open from above-mentioned lead fixed electrode isolation thereby movable electrode is compressed.
Technical scheme 2 related protection components are according to technical scheme 1 described protection component; it is characterized in that; the lead conductor that one side of the resistor that lead conductor forms is installed at the two ends of resistor main body is used as leading axle; use helical spring for the compression spring; this helical spring is inserted logical between resistor main body and movable electrode by the lead conductor of an above-mentioned side, be connected with resistor heating power circuit between any one of the lead conductor of a side of resistor and two lead fixed electrodes.
Technical scheme 9 related protection components are according to any described protection component among the technical scheme 1-4, it is characterized in that low-melting alloy is the lead-free alloy that contains Sb.
Technical scheme 10 related protection components are according to any described protection component among the technical scheme 2-4; it is characterized in that; movable electrode and resistor main body are accommodated in the housing, and the lead conductor of a side of each lead fixed electrode and resistor is drawn from housing.
Technical scheme 11 related protection components are according to any described protection component among the technical scheme 1-4, it is characterized in that, are that direct current is used.
Technical scheme 12 related protection components are according to any described protection component among the technical scheme 1-4; it is characterized in that; the material of lead fixed electrode is copper; this lead fixed electrode surface at least with the low-melting alloy engaging portion, be provided with and stop above-mentioned copper to shift block film to the copper that low-melting alloy shifts.
Technical scheme 13 related protection components are according to technical scheme 12 described protection components; it is characterized in that; the material of movable electrode is copper or copper alloy; this movable electrode surface at least with the low-melting alloy engaging portion, be provided with and stop above-mentioned copper to shift block film to the copper that low-melting alloy shifts.
Technical scheme 14 related protection components are according to technical scheme 12 or 13 described protection components, it is characterized in that, copper transfer block film is the above film of at least one tunic among Ni, Ni-P, Ni-B, Fe, Pd, the Pd-P.
(1) compression reaction force of compression spring is to engage each end of movable electrode and the low-melting alloy position a of each lead fixed electrode leading section to the position of low-melting alloy effect; the pars intermedia of a and joint movable electrode and the low-melting alloy position b of leading axle; with only to position a; the protection component in the past of the compression reaction force of this two places effect compression spring of a is compared, to low-melting alloy position a; this two place of a and this place of position b add up to the protection component of the present invention of three places effect compression reaction force can reduce the stress of the compression reaction force site of action of low-melting alloy altogether.Therefore, the creep of low-melting alloy can be reduced, the regular event of protection component can be ensured.
(2) in protection component of the present invention; use Bi class low-melting alloy or the Sb class low-melting alloy as alloying component with Bi or Sb for low-melting alloy; under the situation about under direct current system, using; though Bi or Sb are separated out in the interface that joins with the cathode side electrode at low-melting alloy; this separates out the position tender, prevents breaking of this fragility position well but can alleviate effect by above-mentioned stress.Therefore, even use the lead-free alloy of Bi class or Sb class for the low-melting alloy of protection component of the present invention, and in direct current system, use this protection component, also can ensure the action with reliability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the figure that an embodiment of protection component of the present invention is shown.
Fig. 2 is the figure that the stress state in the protection component shown in Figure 1 is shown.
Fig. 3 is the figure of an example of the structure of utilizing low-melting alloy wire bonds fixed electrode and movable electrode in the protection component of the present invention.
Fig. 4-the 1st illustrates the figure of an embodiment of the protection component of strip resistance device of the present invention.
Fig. 4-the 2nd illustrates the figure of major part of another embodiment of the protection component of strip resistance device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the figure of another embodiment that the protection component of strip resistance device of the present invention is shown.
Fig. 6 is the figure that the secondary battery protection circuit of the protection component that has used strip resistance device of the present invention is shown.
Fig. 7 illustrates the figure of example in the past.
Symbol description
1 base station
2a lead fixed electrode
2b lead fixed electrode
The 2c movable electrode
3 leading axles
4 compression springs
The 5a low-melting alloy
The 5c low-melting alloy
200 pottery alms bowl shape holes
300 resistors
The opposing party's of 3 ' resistor lead conductor
7 housings
8 insulation heat-resisting paints
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing embodiments of the present invention are described.
(X) of Fig. 1 is the sectional arrangement drawing that an embodiment of protection component of the present invention is shown, and (Y) of Fig. 1 is the Y-Y profile among (X) of Fig. 1.
In Fig. 1, the 1st, stable on heating insulation base station, for example be ceramic wafer.2a, 2b are the lead fixed electrodes of pair of parallel, insert to lead in insulation base station 1, for example are fixed on the base station 1 by heat-resistant glue.This lead fixed electrode for example can be made of copper.That the section configuration of lead fixed electrode can become is square, circle etc., is not particularly limited.The 3rd, leading axle can use in metal, the insulator any one, with above-mentioned lead fixed electrode 2a, 2b configured in parallel, the one end by bonding agent for example glass (ガ ラ ス) be fixed on the base station 1.2c is movable electrode, the 4th, helical spring, movable electrode 2c is directed axle 3 and inserts logical (the 20th, the hole of movable electrode 2c), the both ends of movable electrode 2c contact and compression helical spring 4 with the front end face of each lead fixed electrode 2a, 2c, are engaging by low- melting alloy 5a, 5c between each end of the front end face of each lead fixed electrode 2a, 2b under this state and movable electrode 2c and between movable electrode 2c and the leading axle 3.For low-melting alloy 5c, both can use the alloy identical with low-melting alloy 5a, also can use the fusing point alloy lower than low-melting alloy 5a.
Shown in Fig. 1 (Z), at each lead fixed electrode front end face section is set, the front end side of movable electrode is contacted with the vertical plane of section, and the back side of each movable electrode end is contacted with the horizontal plane of section, thereby enlarge contact area as far as possible, fully reduction electrically contacts resistance.The 30th, be arranged at the block (stopper) of the front end of leading axle 3, become hook-like.In addition, also insulation shell can be installed.
If above-mentioned mechanical state is simplified, then can become following state: shown in (X) (profile) of Fig. 2 and (Y) of Fig. 2 (at the vertical view of Fig. 2 (X)), because the compression reaction force of compression spring 4, in the section S-S of the low-melting alloy part 5a (5a) that is engaging each lead fixed electrode and movable electrode, be subjected to the effect of shear stress F, in the interface s-s of the low-melting alloy part 5c that is engaging movable electrode and leading axle, be subjected to the effect of shear stress f.
In Fig. 2, if the area of section S-S is made as S, the area of interface s-s is made as s, the compression reaction force of compression spring 4 is made as T, the thickness at the position of the shear stress effect among the low-melting alloy part 5c is made as t, highly is made as b, the shearing Young's modulus of low-melting alloy is made as G, then sets up following formula.
2SF+sf＝T
F/G＝ft/G
If the radius of leading axle is made as r, then the area s of above-mentioned interface s-s is
So above-mentioned stress F represents with following formula (1).
In formula (1), the minimizing of the radius r counter stress F of leading axle has contribution to be because use low-melting alloy 5c to engage between movable electrode 2c and the leading axle 3, so, can reduce shear stress F to the low-melting alloy position S-S effect that engages lead fixed electrode 2a or 2b and movable electrode 2c by increasing above-mentioned radius r, can prevent the creep at this S-S place, low-melting alloy position effectively, so can stably keep the electric contact state of lead fixed electrode 2a, 2b and movable electrode 2c.
When utilizing low-melting alloy to engage movable electrode and lead fixed electrode, can also adopt following structure, namely, as shown in Figure 3, movable electrode arrange pottery alms bowl (す り ?) shape hole 200, and the leading section of lead fixed electrode 2a (2b) is contained in this hole 200, next low-melting alloy 5a fusion is filled in the pottery alms bowl shape hole 200 and the structure that is cured.
According to this structure, can suppress the deviation of bonding area, and can expect to utilize the stabilisation of the joint that low-melting alloy carries out to the wedge fixed effect in pottery alms bowl shape hole.
About low-melting alloy, from environmental protection, preferably use lead-free alloy.
In this lead-free alloy, if with Bi class low-melting alloy, the Sb class low-melting alloy low-melting alloy as above-mentioned protection component, then under direct current, use under the situation of protection component, be created in the phenomenon of separating out Bi, Sb on the interface that joins with the cathode side electrode.About separating out the reason of Bi, Sb, can infer as described as follows.
Low-melting alloy has cocrystallizing type alloy, solid solution build alloy, intermetallic compound type alloy, if they are carried out microscopic observation then can find: two or more metal unit mix and the lattice of the atomic arrangement that structure makes new advances, and the ionized atom of lattice-site is in poised state.But Bi atom, Sb atom fly out from the equilbrium position easily, thereby and owing to the charged energy that obtains flies out from lattice-site, become misplaced atoms, thereby in lattice, drift about, under the situation of direct current, this misplaced atoms moves to cathode side, and separates out at cathode interface.In the hole of the track that misplaced atoms flies out, a people one of guest on the next door of this vacant place is mobile and fill up new vacant place to move and arrive the surface of crystallization corporally when certain seat is available in full auditorium, and the hole merges each other on this surface.
The example that Bi metal, Sb metal are separated out is as described below.
(example 1)
Be 57% at the percentage by weight of Bi, remainder is that Sn, diameter are that φ 1mm, length are that the two ends weld diameter of the low-melting alloy sheet of 5mm is the copper conductor conductor of φ 1mm, and logical 15 amperes direct current is in the time of 5000 hours, and joining and separated out thickness with the end face of the copper conductor conductor of cathode side is the Bi metal level of 200 μ m.
(example 2)
Be 5% at the percentage by weight of Sb, remainder is that Sn, diameter are that φ 2mm, length are that the two ends weld diameter of the low-melting alloy sheet of 7mm is the copper conductor conductor of φ 2mm, and logical 30 amperes direct current is in the time of 5000 hours, and joining and separated out thickness with the end face of the copper conductor conductor of cathode side is the Sb metal level of 50 μ m.
In protection component of the present invention; if use Bi class low-melting alloy or Sb class low-melting alloy for low-melting alloy; and under direct current, use; then separate out Bi metal or Sb metal and tender at the low-melting alloy interface that the electrode with cathode side joins; but in protection component of the present invention; can alleviate the stress to this interface interaction according to the reaction force of compression spring effectively; so although this fragilityization occurred; also can get rid of the early stage misoperation of protection component, thereby ensure the regular event of protection component.
In protection component of the present invention; even use Bi class low-melting alloy or Sb class low-melting alloy for low-melting alloy; and under direct current, use; if contact to enlarge the electrical-contact area of movable electrode and lead fixed electrode by above-mentioned section; then can correspondingly reduce to the shunt current of low-melting alloy side, so can suppress separating out of Bi metal or Sb metal effectively.
(X) of Fig. 4-1 is the profile of an embodiment that the protection component of strip resistance device of the present invention is shown, and (Y) of Fig. 4-1 is the Y-Y profile among (X) of Fig. 4-1.
In Fig. 4-1, the 1st, stable on heating insulation base station, for example be the phenolic resin plate.2a, 2b are the lead fixed electrodes of pair of parallel, insert to lead in insulation base station 1, for example are fixed on the base station 1 by one-body molded.This lead fixed electrode can be made of copper.That the section configuration of lead fixed electrode can become is square, circle etc., is not particularly limited.The 300th, the winding-type resistor, the lid (cap) 301 of band lead conductor is installed in for example two ends of ceramic core of thermal endurance insulating core 302, resistive conductor 303 is wrapped on the core 302, it twines each end and respectively covers 301,301 by welding to wait to join to, and be arranged side by side between lead fixed electrode 2a, 2b at base station 1, the lead conductor 3 of a side is used as leading axle.The lead conductor 3 ' of opposite side is drawn from base station 1, by bonding agent for example glass be fixed in base station 1.The 6th, the sept of getting involved as required.2c is movable electrode, is inserted logical by the lead conductor 3 of a side.The 4th, helical spring, for example can use stainless (stainless) spring, between movable electrode and resistor main body, inserted logical by the lead conductor of a side, engage by low-melting alloy 5a, 5b between the front end face (section) of the both ends of movable electrode 2c and each lead fixed electrode 2a, 2b, and engage by low-melting alloy 5c between the lead conductor 3 of a side and the movable electrode 2c, thereby helical spring 4 becomes compressive state.
The 7th, insulator housings, lead conductor 3 and this shell inner surface of a side joined and terminated.The 8th, the die body of the insulating sleeve of for example pottery that arranges etc. or high temperature insulation coating etc. as required, die body do not bury helical spring 4 and occupied the resistor main body around.Under the situation that insulating sleeve or die body are set, also can omit housing 7.In this case, need block be set at the front end of the lead conductor 3 of a side of resistor 300.
In the protection component of this strip resistance device, also can with above-mentioned protection component similarly, thereby cut off the power supply to protected equipment owing to protected equipment overheated makes low-melting alloy 5a, 5c fusion.
In addition; in other use states; connect lead fixed electrode 2a on the power supply road of protected equipment; 2b; between the lead fixed electrode 2a of the lead conductor 3 ' of the opposite side of resistor and a side or 2b, connect resistor heating power circuit; in this case; resistor heating power circuit always is disconnected; if in protected equipment, produce unusual; then sensor senses should be unusual; resistor heating power circuit is switched on and the heating of resistor main body; low-melting alloy 5a; 5c is melted, and compression spring 4 is released, and movable electrode 2c is from lead fixed electrode 2a; keep apart between the 2b and cut off power supply to protected equipment.In this case, heat transfer distance from the resistor main body to each low-melting alloy 5c, 5a, 5a is short, and can be by the heat radiation depression effect of insulating sleeve 8 programming rate of fasting resistance device main body, so can accelerate responsiveness.
In the protection component shown in Fig. 4-1; the resistor heating power circuit that comprises lead fixed electrode 2a or 2b → movable electrode 2c → lead conductor 3 → resistor main body 300 → lead conductor 3 ' energising and make resistor main body 300 heating powers when protected equipment unusual; because heat takes place in this, low melting point fusible material 5a, 5b fusion and cut off between lead fixed electrode 2a, the 2b.Yet; compare with the resistivity value of lead conductor 3; the spring 4 for example resistivity value of stainless spring 4 does not have so high; after resistor heating power circuit turn-on; in during till the low melting point fusible material is melted, electric current flows through in the path of lead fixed electrode 2a or 2b → movable electrode 2c → spring 4 → resistor lid electrode 301 → resistor main body 300, thus spring 4 heatings; because the reduction of this spring performance might hinder the action of protection component.
Therefore, shown in Fig. 4-2, preferably, with insulation spacer 901,902 between between spring 4 and the movable electrode 2c or between spring 4 and the resistor lid electrode 301.Can also be with these insulation spacer 901,902 respectively between between spring 4 and the movable electrode 2c and between spring 4 and the resistor lid electrode 301.In addition, replace insulation spacer 902, can also cover electrode 301 coating coating insulating films to resistor.
And then, because the inclination of spring 4, might contact with lead conductor 3 in week in week and the lower end in the upper end of spring 4 and electric current is diverted in the spring 4, thus preferably with insulating cylinder 903 between the inboard and lead conductor 3 of spring 4.
In the protection component of the strip resistance device shown in Fig. 4-1, Fig. 4-2; except the movable electrode 2c and the junction between the lead fixed electrode 2a (2b) that utilize low-melting alloy 5a to engage; the compression reaction force of compressing spring 4 is also supported in junction between the lead conductor 3 of the movable electrode 2c that utilizes low-melting alloy 5c to engage and a side of resistor; so can reduce the stress to these each junction effects, thereby can prevent the creep of low-melting alloy well.
In addition, use Bi class low-melting alloy or Sb class low-melting alloy for low-melting alloy, and under the situation about under direct current, using, even in low-melting alloy, take place because separating out and the phenomenon of tender of Bi metal or Sb metal also can prevent breaking of low-melting alloy well owing to above-mentioned stress reduces.
And then, the alloy type thermal fuse that the spheroidizing of the molten alloy that carries out with fusion by utilizing fuse element and standby flux is cut off to move is different, not necessarily need adhere to flux at low-melting alloy, so problem of the flux carbonization that the arc heat in the time of can avoiding owing to the cut-out action causes, thereby can prevent arc damage, and can ensure the sufficient proof voltage that cuts off after the action, as big failure of current with being preferred.But, from being the aspect of the surface protection of purpose with moisture-proof etc., can have flux, cured etc. with the degree that above-mentioned proof voltage can not become problem.
(X) of Fig. 5 is the profile of another embodiment that the protection component of strip resistance device of the present invention is shown.
In (X) of Fig. 5, the 1st, stable on heating insulation base station, for example be polyphenylene sulfide (polyphenylene sulfide) plate.2a, 2b are the lead fixed electrodes of pair of parallel, insert to lead in insulation base station 1, for example are fixed on the base station 1 by being pressed into mode.Can use copper for this lead fixed electrode.That the section configuration of lead fixed electrode can become is square, circle etc., is not particularly limited.The 300th, the winding-type resistor, the lid of band lead conductor is installed in for example two ends of ceramic core of thermal endurance insulating core, twine resistive conductor at core, it twines each end and respectively covers by welding to wait to be bonded to, and be arranged on the base station 1, for example glass and base station 1 vertically are fixed on the base station 1 and are used as leading axle thereby the lead conductor 3 of a side is by bonding agent.2c is movable electrode, lead conductor 3 by a side is inserted logical, utilize low-melting alloy 5a, 5a to engage between the both ends of movable electrode 2c and each lead fixed electrode 2a, 2b, and utilize low-melting alloy 5c to engage between the lead conductor 2a of movable electrode 2c and a side or the 2b.When utilizing low-melting alloy 5a to engage movable electrode 2c and lead fixed electrode 2a (2b), at movable electrode 2c pottery alms bowl shape hole 200 is set, the leading section of lead fixed electrode 2a (2b) is housed in this hole 200, next low-melting alloy 5a fusion is filled into pottery alms bowl shape hole and is cured.The 4th, helical spring is inserted logically by the lead conductor 3 of a side, pressed by above-mentioned movable electrode 2c and compress.The 7th, housing leads to the lead conductor 3 ' of the opposite side of resistor.
In the protection component of this strip resistance device, also can with above-mentioned protection component similarly, thereby cut off power supply to protected equipment owing to protected equipment overheated makes the low-melting alloy fusion.In addition; in other use states; connect lead fixed electrode 2a on the power supply road of protected equipment; 2b; between the lead fixed electrode 2a of the lead conductor 3 ' of the opposite side of resistor 300 and a side or 2b, be connected resistor heating power circuit; in this case; resistor heating power circuit always is disconnected; if in protected equipment, produce unusual; then sensor senses should be unusual; resistor heating power circuit is switched on and the heating of resistor main body; low-melting alloy 5a; 5a; the 5c fusion; shown in Fig. 5 (Y); compression spring 4 is released, and movable electrode 2c is from lead fixed electrode 2a; keep apart between the 2b and cut off power supply to protected equipment.In this case, also can set the fusing point of low-melting alloy 5a, 5b, thereby make low-melting alloy 5a, 5a, 5c because protected equipment the overheated and power supply to protected equipment is cut off in fusion.
In the protection component of strip resistance device shown in Figure 5; except the movable electrode and the junction between the lead fixed electrode that utilize low-melting alloy to engage; can also support the compression reaction force of compressing spring in the place, junction between the lead conductor of the movable electrode that utilizes low-melting alloy to engage and a side of resistor; so can reduce the stress to these each junction effects, can prevent the low-melting alloy creep well.
In addition, at movable electrode 2c pottery alms bowl shape hole 200 is set, the leading section of lead fixed electrode 2a (2b) is contained in this hole 200, next low-melting alloy 5a fusion is filled in the pottery alms bowl shape hole and is cured, utilize low-melting alloy 5a to carry out engaging of movable electrode 2c and lead fixed electrode 2a, 2b thus, so can suppress the deviation of bonding area, and can expect to utilize the stabilisation of the joint that low-melting alloy 5a carries out to the wedge fixed effect in pottery alms bowl shape hole 200.
And then, the alloy type thermal fuse that the spheroidizing of the molten alloy that carries out with fusion by utilizing fuse element and standby flux is cut off to move is different, not necessarily need adhere to flux at low-melting alloy, so problem of the flux carbonization that the arc heat in the time of can avoiding owing to the cut-out action causes, can prevent arc damage, and can ensure the sufficient proof voltage that cuts off after the action, as big failure of current with being preferred.But, from being the aspect of the surface protection of purpose with moisture-proof etc., can have flux, cured etc. with the degree that above-mentioned proof voltage can not become problem.
The material of above-mentioned lead fixed electrode 2a, 2b can be copper, in order to prevent surface oxidation, can coat Sn or is the alloy of base with Sn.
In this copper conductor fixed electrode, with interface that above-mentioned low-melting alloy 5a engages on, copper is to low-melting alloy 5a diffusion transfer, thereby the mechanical strength of low-melting alloy 5a is reduced, and melt temperature is changed, so can be in lead fixed electrode 2a, 2b at least with low-melting alloy 5a engaging portion, preferably on the whole surface of lead fixed electrode 2a, 2b, and and Sn or be between the alloy cladding layer of base with Sn, copper is set shifts the above film of one deck at least among block film, for example Ni, Ni-P, Ni-B, Fe, Pd, the Pd-P.
The material of above-mentioned movable electrode 2c can be for example brass of copper or copper alloy, in order to prevent surface oxidation, can coat Sn or is the alloy of base with Sn.In order to stop copper low-melting alloy 5a diffusion transfer to joint this movable electrode 2c and lead fixed electrode 2 a, 2b from copper alloy movable electrode 2c, can movable electrode 2c at least with low-melting alloy 5a engaging portion, and and Sn or be between the alloy cladding layer of base with Sn, copper is set shifts the above film of one deck at least among block film, for example Ni, Ni-P, Ni-B, Fe, Pd, the Pd-P.And then, can also with low-melting alloy 5c engaging portion copper being set and shifting block film at movable electrode 2c.Copper preferably is set on the whole surface of movable electrode 2c shifts block film.
In the lead conductor 3 of above-mentioned leading axle or resistor, from with the balance of the resistance value of resistor, can use at copper cash or copper alloy wire, nickel wire, coated the recombination line of copper layer on iron wire or the steel wire (for any, can coat Sn in order to prevent surface oxidation or be the alloy of base with Sn), can also be in the part that engages with low-melting alloy 5c at least, preferably on the whole surface of lead conductor, and and Sn or be between the alloy cladding layer of base with Sn, copper is set shifts block film, Ni for example, Ni-P, Ni-B, Fe, Pd, the film that one deck at least among the Pd-P is above.
By these intermediate layers are set, the intensity of lead fixed electrode improves, so also have the advantage that fatigue-resistance characteristics improves.In addition, have also that can to suppress from Sn or with Sn be the advantage of alloy growth Sn whisker of base.
The protection component of above-mentioned strip resistance device can be used for secondary cell such as lithium ion battery at overheated protection and at overcharging/protection of overdischarge, Fig. 6 illustrates an example of this protective circuit.
In Fig. 6, E is secondary cell, and S is charging power supply (or load), and A overcharges to prevent that switch FET, B from being that overdischarge prevents switch FET, and C is the protection component of strip resistance device of the present invention.D is the IC control part, when secondary cell charge, thereby detection is overcharged and is produced the anti-stop signal that overcharges and makes to overcharge and prevent that switch from disconnecting (when the load, making overdischarge prevent that switch from disconnecting with FET thereby detect the overdischarge of secondary cell and produce the anti-stop signal of overdischarge) with FET.In the time can't handling by these FET; send Continuity signal from the IC control part to transistor Tr; conducting by transistor Tr; the resistor main body of the protection component C of strip resistance device with secondary cell as power supply and heating power; fusible metal alloy 5a, 5c fusion; when charging secondary cell E with charge with power supply S between be cut off (in load time, be cut off between secondary cell E and the load S).
The protection component of strip resistance device to be installed to secondary cell hotly, low contact resistance; under the abnormal heating of secondary cell; also owing to the fusion of fusible metal alloy 5a, 5c, secondary cell E and charging are with being cut off between the power supply S or between secondary cell E and the load.
Claims (15)
1. protection component; it is characterized in that; has the couple of conductor fixed electrode; be arranged side by side leading axle with these lead fixed electrodes; movable electrode is inserted logical state across being arranged between the above-mentioned lead fixed electrode to be directed axle; utilize low-melting alloy to engage between the front end of each lead fixed electrode and the movable electrode and between above-mentioned leading axle and the movable electrode; the compression spring that above-mentioned movable electrode effect is made the power of its direction of opening from above-mentioned lead fixed electrode isolation is set; because the fusion of above-mentioned low-melting alloy; spring energizedly open from above-mentioned lead fixed electrode isolation thereby movable electrode is compressed
The lead conductor that one side of the resistor that lead conductor forms is installed at the two ends of resistor main body is used as leading axle, uses helical spring for the compression spring.
2. protection component according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; this helical spring is inserted logical between resistor main body and movable electrode by the lead conductor of an above-mentioned side, be connected with resistor heating power circuit between any one of the lead conductor of a side of resistor and two lead fixed electrodes.
3. protection component according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; this helical spring is inserted logical under the state of being pressed by above-mentioned movable electrode by the lead conductor of an above-mentioned side, be connected with resistor heating power circuit between any one of the lead conductor of the opposite side of resistor and two lead fixed electrodes.
4. protection component according to claim 3; it is characterized in that; between the end of movable electrode and compression helical spring or the other end of compression helical spring and at least one Fang Jie between the resistor bulk end insulator is arranged, being situated between between the inboard of compression helical spring and leading axle has the insulator different with above-mentioned insulator.
5. protection component according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; movable electrode is provided with the pottery alms bowl shape hole of accommodating each lead fixed electrode leading section, and the leading section and the movable electrode that utilize low-melting alloy to engage each lead fixed electrode are to be undertaken by the low-melting alloy fusion being filled in the pottery alms bowl shape hole and solidifying.
6. according to each described protection component in the claim 1～4, it is characterized in that face contacts between each lead fixed electrode leading section and the movable electrode.
7. according to each described protection component in the claim 1～4, it is characterized in that low-melting alloy is any one the lead-free alloy at least that comprises among Sn or the In.
8. according to each described protection component in the claim 1～4, it is characterized in that low-melting alloy is the lead-free alloy that contains Bi.
9. according to each described protection component in the claim 1～4, it is characterized in that low-melting alloy is the lead-free alloy that contains Sb.
10. according to each described protection component in the claim 2～4, it is characterized in that movable electrode and resistor main body are accommodated in the housing, the lead conductor of a side of each lead fixed electrode and resistor is drawn from housing.
11. according to each described protection component in the claim 1～4, it is characterized in that, be that direct current is used.
12. according to each described protection component in the claim 1～4; it is characterized in that; the material of lead fixed electrode is copper, this lead fixed electrode surface at least with the low-melting alloy engaging portion, be provided with and stop above-mentioned copper to shift block film to the copper that low-melting alloy shifts.
13. protection component according to claim 12; it is characterized in that; the material of movable electrode is copper or copper alloy, this movable electrode surface at least with the low-melting alloy engaging portion, be provided with and stop above-mentioned copper to shift block film to the copper that low-melting alloy shifts.
14. protection component according to claim 12 is characterized in that, copper transfer block film is the above film of at least one tunic among Ni, Ni-P, Ni-B, Fe, Pd, the Pd-P.
15. protection component according to claim 13 is characterized in that, copper transfer block film is the above film of at least one tunic among Ni, Ni-P, Ni-B, Fe, Pd, the Pd-P.
Applications Claiming Priority (9)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008010084 | 2008-01-21 | ||
| JP2008010084 | 2008-01-21 | ||
| JP2008-010084 | 2008-04-18 | ||
| JP2008-120839 | 2008-05-07 | ||
| JP2008120839 | 2008-05-07 | ||
| JP2008120839 | 2008-05-07 | ||
| JP2008-310456 | 2008-12-05 | ||
| JP2008310456A JP4630403B2 (en) | 2008-01-21 | 2008-12-05 | Protective element |
| JP2008310456 | 2008-12-05 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101494134A CN101494134A (en) | 2009-07-29 |
| CN101494134B true CN101494134B (en) | 2013-07-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 200910005901 Active CN101494134B (en) | 2008-01-21 | 2009-01-20 | Protective element |
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| JP (1) | JP4630403B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101494134B (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP5545721B2 (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2014-07-09 | エヌイーシー ショット コンポーネンツ株式会社 | Protective element |
| JP5779477B2 (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2015-09-16 | 内橋エステック株式会社 | Protective element |
| TWI625754B (en) | 2013-07-02 | 2018-06-01 | Tyco Electronics Japan G K | Protective member |
| US10395877B2 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2019-08-27 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Protective device |
| TWI562493B (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2016-12-11 | Amita Technologies Inc Ltd | Battery Protection System and Initiative Fuse Protective Devices thereof |
| CN106410762A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2017-02-15 | 有量科技股份有限公司 | Battery charging protection system and active fusing type protection device |
| CN108110689B (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2020-07-31 | 吉林省建研科技有限责任公司 | Explosion-proof safe combined cable adapter |
| CN111250867B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2024-06-04 | 北京凯米迈克科技有限公司 | Step-by-step laser welding device for welding resistance wire |
| JP2021190294A (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-13 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | Protection element |
| WO2023032965A1 (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2023-03-09 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | Protection element |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101494134A (en) | 2009-07-29 |
| JP4630403B2 (en) | 2011-02-09 |
| JP2009295567A (en) | 2009-12-17 |
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