CN101486615B - Preparation of fertilizer coating sustained-release agent - Google Patents
Preparation of fertilizer coating sustained-release agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN101486615B CN101486615B CN2009100144473A CN200910014447A CN101486615B CN 101486615 B CN101486615 B CN 101486615B CN 2009100144473 A CN2009100144473 A CN 2009100144473A CN 200910014447 A CN200910014447 A CN 200910014447A CN 101486615 B CN101486615 B CN 101486615B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a fertilizer envelope sustained release agent. At first, polyvinyl formal is prepared; and then the polyvinyl formal is mixed and stirred with pure acrylic emulsion, film forming assistant, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether (10) and bentonite to prepare the finished product. The use of the filming forming assistant ensures the sustained release agent is continuously formed into films and the film forming effect is good, moreover, the envelope sustained release agent is a polymeric material, and has the advantages of good sustained release performance, easy degradation, and no pollution to soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of sustained release dosage, specifically a kind of preparation method of fertilizer coating sustained-release agent.
Background technology
At present slowly-releasing, release and release control fertilizer are high because of its utilization rate of fertilizer, season crop single-dose application, and saving of work and time, economic benefit is high and can effectively reduce advantage such as fertilising pollution on the environment and be popular fully in the agriculture prodn in modern times.
Existing release-controlled coated material comprises that sulphur dressing, sulphur add resin dressing, thermosetting or thermoplastic resin dressing, coating dressing etc., and its coating cracky of sulphur dressing can not play the effect of slowly-releasing well; Therefore adopt sulphur to add resin dressing or thermosetting or thermoplastic resin dressing; Though can solve the damaging problem of simple sulphur dressing effectively, the higher and difficult degraded of resin of cost, degradative phase is more than 30～50 years usually; If use continuously, certainly will destroy the structure of soil; If adopt resin and sulphur coated urea; The nitrogen of urea discharges and lags behind, and results back bundled slow-releasing fertilizer nitrogen has not also discharged (residual fertile core), needs fertile asynchronous with crop; Cause plant growth to absorb in earlier stage, still cause nitrogen loss and influence the growth of crop less than enough nitrogens.The shortcoming of coating dressing is that slow release effect is poor, and the fertilizer efficiency utilization ratio is low.
The patent No. is the working method that 200410091315.8 Chinese patent discloses a kind of water-soluble nano-submicron level PVA mixed polymer as fertilizer cementing and coating agent.Its principle is with Z 150PH dissolving, aldehyde condensation, the polyacrylamide amine solvent, and two kinds of solution proportional mixing, emulsification make nanometer-submicron level PVA mixed polymers through high-shear again, are used for slow release fertilizer jointing compound and coating agent.There is following defective in this patent method: use organic sodium salts such as fat alcohol polyethylene ether sodium sulfate and X 2073 among (1), the preparation technology owing to the emulsifying agent in this patent method; This fertilizer of life-time service is prone to cause the salinization of soil; Destroy the eubiosis of soil itself; Be unfavorable for environmental protection, discontented requirement that can sustainable development strategy.(2), this working method need adopt High shear device that product is sheared to make nano level material, the film-formation result of this material just can embody, complex process, tooling cost is high.(3), use nanometer-submicron level PVA mixed polymers that this working method makes as the coating agent, its film-formation result can not be satisfactory.
Summary of the invention
The preparation method who the objective of the invention is to be directed against the deficiency of prior art and a kind of fertilizer slow-release formulation is provided.Technical problem to be solved is: in preparation technology, add film coalescence aid, make that the coated slow release formulation film-formation result that makes is better, sustained release performance is good; And preparing method's safety and environmental protection, finished product is prone to degraded, not can to environment pollute and cost low.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme.
The preparation method of fertilizer coating sustained-release agent is characterized in that preparation technology is following:
1), in reaction kettle, add industrial water purification, and be heated to 94～98 ℃, add the Z 150PH of quality 9%～11%, stir 1.5～2h and make polyvinyl alcohol solution to the Z 150PH dissolving; Be cooled to 80～85 ℃ then; In reaction kettle, adding hydrochloric acid soln adjusting pH value is 2～3;
2), in reaction kettle, add the 1st) used quality 4%～7% of step, content is 37% formaldehyde solution, maintains the temperature at 80～85 ℃, stirring reaction 30～35 minutes; Adding ammonia soln, to regulate pH value be 7～8, adds the 1st) urea reaction of used quality 2%～4% of step 20～30 minutes, make urea and unnecessary formolite reaction;
3), in reaction kettle, adding the 1st) pure-acrylic emulsion of 1.5～2 times of step gained polyvinyl alcohol solution quality stirred 20～30 minutes, was cooled to 40～50 ℃; Add earlier polyvinyl alcohol solution and the film coalescence aid of pure-acrylic emulsion total mass 4 ‰～6 ‰ and Nonyl pheno (10) ether of polyvinyl alcohol solution and pure-acrylic emulsion total mass 0.5 ‰～1 ‰, after 8%～12% the wilkinite stirring 20～30 minutes of adding polyvinyl alcohol solution and pure-acrylic emulsion total mass;
Described film coalescence aid is Ucar 35 phenylate or 12 carbon alcohol esters or 2,2,4-trimethylammonium-1, a kind of in the 3-pentanediol mono isobutyrate.
Positively effect of the present invention is:
(1), this preparation technology is simple, cost is low, adopts film coalescence aid, makes film more continuous, need not to adopt High shear device, the film-formation result of finished product just can meet the demands, with the material that does not add the film forming auxiliary agent relatively, the film forming continuity can improve more than 30%.
(2), material choice do not relate to the sodium salt class and becomes the strain organic materials, degradable own, degradative phase six months～a year can not cause untoward reaction to soil again, the ecological environment security performance is good.The process of material degraded itself just can play the effect of chessom, and the ethene that produces in the degradation process has dematuration, and other degraded products can also discharge phosphorus by crop with Phosphorus inorganic salt reaction and absorb, and improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio.
(3), crop early stage required fertilizer discharge the ammonia-state nitrogen supply by coated slow release formulation itself, the required nutrient of crop late growing stage is satisfied by the acyl ammonia-state nitrogen of fertilizer, therefore; Can satisfy the crop nutrient in little seedling stage; The crop seedling is looked, and the later stage is not taken off fertilizer again, satisfies the demand of crop this season.
(4), finished product production fringe cost is low, following with existing coated fertilizer: 700 yuan of-800 yuan/t of sulphur coated urea material fringe cost, 800 yuan of-1000 yuan/t of resin coated urea material fringe cost; 50 yuan of-150 yuan/t of this technologic material fringe cost are 1/10-1/20. of sulphur and resin coated urea fringe cost
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described further.
Embodiment one:
Preparation technology is following:
1), in reaction kettle, add 1 ton of industrial water purification, and be heated to 94 ℃, add the Z 150PH of quality 9%, stir 1.5h and make polyvinyl alcohol solution to the Z 150PH dissolving; Be cooled to 80 ℃ then; Be that 30% concentrated hydrochloric acid is diluted with water to dilute hydrochloric acid solution according to volume ratio at 1: 1 with mass concentration, it is 3 that the dilute hydrochloric acid solution that in reaction kettle, adds polyvinyl alcohol solution quality 1% is regulated pH value;
2), in reaction kettle, add the 1st) used quality 4% of step, content is 37% formaldehyde solution, maintains the temperature at 80 ℃, stirring reaction 30 minutes; The mass concentration that adds polyvinyl alcohol solution quality 1% be 25% ammonia soln to regulate pH value be 7, add the 1st) urea reaction of used quality 2% of step 20 minutes, make urea and unnecessary formolite reaction;
3), in reaction kettle, adding the 1st) pure-acrylic emulsion of 1.5 times of step gained polyvinyl alcohol solution quality stirred 20 minutes, was cooled to 40 ℃; Add earlier polyvinyl alcohol solution and the 12 carbon alcohol esters of pure-acrylic emulsion total mass 4 ‰ and Nonyl pheno (10) ether of polyvinyl alcohol solution and pure-acrylic emulsion total mass 0.5 ‰, 8% wilkinite stirring of back adding polyvinyl alcohol solution and pure-acrylic emulsion total mass 20 minutes.
Described pure-acrylic emulsion is the abbreviation of methyl acrylic ester, esters of acrylic acid and vinylformic acid ternary copolymer emulsion.
Embodiment two:
1), in reaction kettle, add 1 ton of industrial water purification, and be heated to 98 ℃, add the Z 150PH of quality 11%, stir 2h and make polyvinyl alcohol solution to the Z 150PH dissolving; Be cooled to 85 ℃ then; Be that 30% concentrated hydrochloric acid is diluted with water to dilute hydrochloric acid solution according to volume ratio at 1: 1 with mass concentration, it is 2 that the dilute hydrochloric acid solution that in reaction kettle, adds polyvinyl alcohol solution quality 2% is regulated pH value;
2), in reaction kettle, add the 1st) used quality 7% of step, content is 37% formaldehyde solution, maintains the temperature at 85 ℃, stirring reaction 35 minutes; The mass concentration that adds polyvinyl alcohol solution quality 2% be 25% ammonia soln to regulate pH value be 8, add the 1st) urea reaction of used quality 4% of step 30 minutes, make urea and unnecessary formolite reaction;
3), in reaction kettle, adding the 1st) pure-acrylic emulsion of 2 times of step gained polyvinyl alcohol solution quality stirred 30 minutes, was cooled to 50 ℃; Add earlier polyvinyl alcohol solution and the Ucar 35 phenylate of pure-acrylic emulsion total mass 6 ‰ and Nonyl pheno (10) ether of polyvinyl alcohol solution and pure-acrylic emulsion total mass 1 ‰, 12% wilkinite stirring of back adding polyvinyl alcohol solution and pure-acrylic emulsion total mass 30 minutes.
Embodiment three:
1), in reaction kettle, add 1 ton of industrial water purification, and be heated to 96 ℃, add the Z 150PH of quality 10%, stir 1.8h and make polyvinyl alcohol solution to the Z 150PH dissolving; Be cooled to 83 ℃ then; Be that 30% concentrated hydrochloric acid is diluted with water to dilute hydrochloric acid solution according to volume ratio at 1: 1 with mass concentration, it is 2.5 that the dilute hydrochloric acid solution that in reaction kettle, adds polyvinyl alcohol solution quality 1.5% is regulated pH value;
2), in reaction kettle, add the 1st) used quality 5.5% of step, content is 37% formaldehyde solution, maintains the temperature at 85 ℃, stirring reaction 33 minutes; The mass concentration that adds polyvinyl alcohol solution quality 1.5% be 25% ammonia soln to regulate pH value be 7.5, add the 1st) urea reaction of used quality 3% of step 25 minutes, make urea and unnecessary formolite reaction;
3), in reaction kettle, adding the 1st) pure-acrylic emulsion of 1.7 times of step gained polyvinyl alcohol solution quality stirred 25 minutes, was cooled to 45 ℃; Add 2 of polyvinyl alcohol solution and pure-acrylic emulsion total mass 5 ‰ earlier; 2; 4-trimethylammonium-1; The Nonyl pheno of 3-pentanediol mono isobutyrate and polyvinyl alcohol solution and pure-acrylic emulsion total mass 1.7 ‰ (10) ether, afterwards 10% of adding polyvinyl alcohol solution and pure-acrylic emulsion total mass wilkinite stirred 25 minutes.
The use of fertilizer coating sustained-release agent:
1, starts the cylinder encapsulation tool; (particle diameter 2.0～4.0mm) is kicked up fertiliser granulates through material lifting flights, is sprayed on the fertiliser granulates Yi Bian use pressurised metered pump that fertilizer coating sustained-release agent is vaporific through nozzle to use travelling belt to add fertilizer from charging opening on one side; Fertilizer is kicked up, is fallen in the fog-zone of coated slow release formulation; This operation repeatedly, thus make fertilizer superscribe one deck coated slow release formulation, and the consumption of sustained release dosage is 1%～1.5% of a fertilizer quality.
2, (6～8r/min), the fertiliser granulates that is wrapped gets into 90～95 ℃ of hot blast districts, oven dry along with the rotation of coating tube.
The coated fertilizer of 3, being dried gets into the cooling cylinder cooling through travelling belt.
4, packing.
The slow release effect of coated slow release fertilizer:
1, water wash effect
1.1 coated slow-release urea
67.12%, 3 accumulative total of the elementary solubility rate of urea solubility rate 99.01%;
Coated slow-release urea: 12.40%, 18 accumulative total of elementary solubility rate solubility rate 95.46%.
1.2 the coated slow-release compound is fertile
47.6%, 5 cumulative leaching rate 97.7% of the fertile elementary solubility rate of nitrogen of common compound.
31.88%, 20 cumulative leaching rate 83.98% of the fertile elementary solubility rate of nitrogen of coated slow-release compound.
Europe resin and sulfur coating urea proposed standard regulation: elementary solubility rate≤15%; The U.S. and Japanese resin coated urea proposed standard regulation: elementary solubility rate≤40%; Japan's fertilizer law (1996) is stipulated elementary nitrogen solubility rate＜50% to field crop.The result sees from drip washing, and the effect that this sustained release dosage coated carbamide and compound are fertile is fine.
2, field crops fertilizer efficiency
2.1 test place and soil
Retired village Zhen Dong cross board at the rear of an ancient carriage Ge Zhuan village experimental field in the Laishan District, Yantai City, soil type is a moisture soil, middle loamy texture ground, fertility is even, and irrigation condition is good, does not do fertilizer test.Soil organism 9.6g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 83mg/kg, organophosphorus 32mg/kg, available potassium 76mg/kg, pH value are 6.5; Wheat breed: the tobacco grower 15.
2.2 TP
Three processing are established in test, and 12 sub-districts are established in 4 repetitions altogether, and the sub-district area is 5 * 6=30m
2, each sub-district random alignment.Handle the contrast (ck) of not applying fertilizer of 1 blank; Handle 2 conventional fertilizer applications (potassium sulfate compound fertilizer N+P
2O
5+ K
2O>=45%, N-P
2O
5-K
2O is 24-10-11), base is executed 30kg/ mu, and 20kg/ mu topdresses before the jointing; Handle the fertile (N+P of 3 coated slow-release compounds
2O
5+ K
2O>=45%, N-P
2O
5-K
2O is 22-9-9), usage and dosage is with handling 2 conventional fertilizer applications.
2.3, test-results and analysis
2.3.1 different treatment bearing status investigation
Each handles the investigation of fertility proterties table one
Can find out that from table one using the fertile blank basic seedling of coated slow-release compound increases by 0.22 ten thousand/mu, tiller increases by 4.05 ten thousand/mu before the winter; Spring, the highest tiller increased by 5.9 ten thousand/mu; The mu spike number increases by 5.85 ten thousand, and grain number per spike increases by 4.6, and investigating thousand seed weight during results increases by 2.29 grams; Increase by 0.15 ten thousand/mu than the basic seedling of conventional processing, tiller increases by 0.9 ten thousand/mu before the winter, and spring, the highest tiller increased by 1.1 ten thousand/mu, and the mu spike number increases by 1.03 ten thousand, and grain number per spike increases by 1, and investigating thousand seed weight during results increases by 0.49 gram.
2.3.2 different fertilization is to the influence of wheat yield
Test is once gathered, the single receipts in each sub-district, single title, single note product, and yield result is seen table two.
Table two wheat yield is table as a result
Annotate: the mean number of series is used multiple comparisons, and the numeric representation of the different letters of mark has utmost point significant difference.
Find out that from table two processing 3 is used coated slow-release compound fertilizer and increased wheat 125.61kg than blank mu, raising the output 32.07%; Conventional fertilizer application increases wheat 94.13kg than blank mu, raising the output 24.03%; Coated slow-release compound fertilizer increases wheat 31.48kg than conventional fertilizer application mu, raising the output 6.5%.
Extremely remarkable through variance analysis F=176.679＞F0.01=27.34 difference, through multiple comparisons, difference reaches utmost point level of signification between processing 1, processing 2, the processing 3.Blank that coated slow-release compound fertilizer does not more apply fertilizer and conventional fertilizer application all have extremely significant production-increasing function.
3, field crops fertilizer efficiency
3.1 test place and soil
Experimental field in the Longkou, Yantai City the interplanting corn of seed multiplication farm on the ground, soil type is damp cinnamon soil, the top layer quality is light earth, the fertility one-level.Fertility is even, and irrigation condition is good, does not do fertilizer test.The conventional per mu yield 550～600kg of corn.The soil nutrient result of laboratory test is that alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 98mg/kg, available potassium 120mg/kg, pH value are 6.5; Corn variety: west jade three, spacing in the rows 25cm, line-spacing 70cm, several 3810 strains of mu strain.
3.2 TP
Three processing are established in test, 3 repetitions.Handle 1: the contrast of not applying fertilizer (ck); Handle 2: conventional fertilizer application, mu is executed potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (15-9-21) 50kg, and base is executed 25kg/ mu, the typhon mouth phase 20kg/ mu that topdresses; Handle 3: grant the coated slow-release urea 17.05kg of 2 amounts such as nitrogen such as grade of processing, wait the general calcium 37.5kg of phosphorus amount, wait the vitriolate of tartar 21kg of potassium amount, base is executed 50% of total amount, and the typhon mouth phase imposes 50% of total amount.More than each is handled except that test fertilizer difference, field management method is all consistent with agronomic measures.
3.3 test-results and analysis
3.3.1 this tests disposable results, after drying, respectively gets 20 fringes and carries out the proterties investigation, the result sees table one
Each proterties of table one is investigated table as a result
Can find out that through table one the processing cob of using coated slow-release urea is than handling the thick 0.43cm of 1 (ck), than handling 2 thick 0.19cm; Average spike length is than handling 1 long 2.3cm, than handling 2 long 0.7cm; Bald than handling 1 short 1.57cm, than handling 2 short 0.29cm; Grain number per spike is Duoed 36.1 and 3 than contrast of not applying fertilizer and conventional fertilizer application respectively; Thousand seed weight increases 55.3g and 29.5g respectively; The processing mealie that is to say coated slow-release urea is thick.Spike length, bald weak point, grain number per spike is many, thousand seed weight is heavy.
3.3.2 output is investigated at each test site results 30m
2, real receipts, yield result is seen table two.
Table two corn yield is table as a result
Can find out from table two; The processing output of using coated slow-release urea increases 150.7kg and 61.99kg than blank and conventional fertilizer application respectively; Stimulation ratio is respectively 27.2% and 9.6%; According to 1.4 yuan of calculating of per kilogram corn, use the coated slow-release urea processing than the blank mu that does not apply fertilizer and increase income 241.12 yuan, than 99.18 yuan of conventional fertilizer application mu raising the output.
Through variance analysis, F=525.83＞F0.01=99.36 difference is extremely remarkable, and through multiple comparisons, difference reaches utmost point level of signification between processing 1, processing 2, the processing 3.Blank that coated slow-release urea does not more apply fertilizer and conventional fertilizer application all have extremely significant production-increasing function.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of a fertilizer coating sustained-release agent is characterized in that preparation technology is following:
1), in reaction kettle, add industrial water purification, and be heated to 94～98 ℃, add the Z 150PH of quality 9%～11%, stir 1.5～2h and make polyvinyl alcohol solution to the Z 150PH dissolving; Be cooled to 80～85 ℃ then; In reaction kettle, adding hydrochloric acid soln adjusting pH value is 2～3;
2), in reaction kettle, add the 1st) used quality 4%～7% of step, content is 37% formaldehyde solution, maintains the temperature at 80～85 ℃, stirring reaction 30～35 minutes; Adding ammonia soln, to regulate pH value be 7～8, adds the 1st) go on foot the urea reaction 20～30 minutes of used quality 2%～4%, make urea and unnecessary formolite reaction;
3), in reaction kettle, adding the 1st) pure-acrylic emulsion of 1.5～2 times of step gained polyvinyl alcohol solution quality stirred 20～30 minutes, was cooled to 40～50 ℃; Add earlier polyvinyl alcohol solution and the film coalescence aid of pure-acrylic emulsion total mass 4 ‰～6 ‰ and Nonyl pheno (10) ether of polyvinyl alcohol solution and pure-acrylic emulsion total mass 0.5 ‰～1 ‰, after 8%～12% the wilkinite stirring 20～30 minutes of adding polyvinyl alcohol solution and pure-acrylic emulsion total mass;
Film coalescence aid is Ucar 35 phenylate or 12 carbon alcohol esters or 2,2,4-trimethylammonium-1, a kind of in the 3-pentanediol mono isobutyrate.
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102093143A (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2011-06-15 | 黑龙江金事达农业科技开发有限公司 | Sustained-release sulfur-containing nitrogen fertilizer |
| CN102267841B (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2013-04-17 | 北京市农林科学院 | Slightly water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103288564B (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2014-05-07 | 五洲丰农业科技有限公司 | Production method of encapsulated sustained release agent specially for urea or compound fertilizer |
| CN102838413B (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2014-03-26 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Ternary slow-release compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102924176A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-02-13 | 中南林业科技大学 | Sustained oxygen release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107162803A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-09-15 | 烟台市昊星晟信息技术有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of fertilizer anti-caking agents |
| CN107619339A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-01-23 | 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 | One kind is rich in micro-element nutrition synergist and its application in sulphur zinc |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1528717A (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2004-09-15 | 华东理工大学 | Coating agent for slow release fertilizer |
| CN1609078A (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2005-04-27 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Production process of nanometer-submicron level PVA mixed polymer as fertilizer cementing and coating agent |
| CN101037368A (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2007-09-19 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Biological biodegradable self-control slow-releasing fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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2009
- 2009-02-23 CN CN2009100144473A patent/CN101486615B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1528717A (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2004-09-15 | 华东理工大学 | Coating agent for slow release fertilizer |
| CN1609078A (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2005-04-27 | 中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Production process of nanometer-submicron level PVA mixed polymer as fertilizer cementing and coating agent |
| CN101037368A (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2007-09-19 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Biological biodegradable self-control slow-releasing fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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