CN101483392A - Large capacity cascade multi-phase multi-level power converter without transformer - Google Patents
Large capacity cascade multi-phase multi-level power converter without transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101483392A CN101483392A CNA2009100778568A CN200910077856A CN101483392A CN 101483392 A CN101483392 A CN 101483392A CN A2009100778568 A CNA2009100778568 A CN A2009100778568A CN 200910077856 A CN200910077856 A CN 200910077856A CN 101483392 A CN101483392 A CN 101483392A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a large-capacity cascades multiphase multi- electrical level power converter without transformer, which belongs to high pressure large-capacity multiphase multi- electrical level frequency conversion technology field, and characterized in that a single-phase main circuit is composed by identical prime power convert unit through cascades; three single-phase main circuits are connected to the three phase electric network through star or triangle shape; the prime power convert unit constitutes 'back to back' AC-DC-AC inverter circuit topology through DC bus capacitance with multiphase inverter by H-type rectifying bridge; different electrical level, types, number of phases and connecting relation of the prime power convert unit can extends various different polyphase converter practical topology circuit, which saves phase-shifting transformer that original absolutely necessarily but volume weight covers more than one third of that of system, which reduces greatly volume and cost of complete appliance. The present invention is capable of realize high performance operation of speed governing system in four quadrant scope, can feedback energy from the electric motor to the electric network when the electric motor brakes, enhances working condition operation efficiency of speed governing system; and communicate electric network side current harmonics small and power factor close to 1.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power electronics high-voltage large-capacity multi-phase multi-level topological structure, specifically be meant the dual PWM controlled back-to-back power inverter topology of a kind of tandem type.
Background technology
Variable-frequency control technique has obtained in high-voltage large-capacity speed governing fields such as building materials, metallurgy, boats and ships, locomotive traction, cement using widely with its energy-conservation advantage.Along with the progress of power electronic device, topology and relevant control technology, large electric drive system direction just big towards single-machine capacity, that power density is high develops.But, being subjected to the restriction of existing power device withstand voltage level and current capacity, the converting means of traditional two level three-phase inverters is difficult to satisfy high-power such as 10KV, the transformation of electrical energy requirement of tens MW.Therefore, with the multi-phase multi-level technology that " parallel current-sharing " and " series average-voltage " thought constitutes, be to solve the good method that current power device system for restricting capacity promotes, in the high-voltage large-capacity field, have very big development potentiality.Therefore, research high-voltage large-capacity power inverter topology, design and control technology for further raising electric drive system capacity and performance, reduce per unit area yield energy consumption and cost, enhance productivity and benefit the strategic meaning of having enhanced one's market competitiveness.
The multi-phase multi-level current transformer has the advantage of heterogeneous and many level simultaneously, as: near sinusoidal, voltage harmonic content is little more for (1), output voltage.(2), output voltage dv/dt is little, and is little to the insulation influence of load (such as motor), reduces the level of electromagnetic interference simultaneously greatly.(3), the single tube with low withstand voltage level constitutes high-pressure system, the single tube problem of withstand voltage of solution high-pressure system.(4) current transformer energy two-way flow, the motor excess energy can feed back to grid side, has improved the operating mode efficient of complete machine; (5) system has stronger fault-tolerant operation ability, reliability height.When single-phase even heterogeneous fault took place for inverter or polyphase machine, as long as take correct control measure, system still can continue to move under the condition of derate.
The main topology of mesohigh converter plant of employing multi-phase multi-level technology has the converter plant of friendship-straight-many level of alternating current die mould structure at present, and the application of this converter plant has obtained certain effect, but also has some problems.
It is shown in Figure 1 that tradition is handed over the general structure of main circuit of orthogonal voltage-type multi-phase multi-level frequency converter, phase shifting transformer is connected with three phase network, the a plurality of secondary windings of phase shifting transformer provide the three-phase alternating current input for each H bridge power unit, and each H bridge power unit is that three-phase is not controlled rectification and multi-phase multi-level inverter structure.In this topology, the effect of phase shifting transformer mainly is to adopt multiple technology to reduce the current on line side harmonic wave that is produced by rectification load except realizing the electrical isolation between electrical network and the inverter; Three-phase not control rectifying circuit provides stable DC bus-bar voltage for the inverter circuit of back; The multi-phase multi-level inverter is then realized the variable-frequency variable-voltage function, and the electric energy of amplitude, changeable frequency is provided for polyphase machine.The advantage of this topological structure is that the current on line side harmonic wave is little, and output voltage waveforms relatively near sinusoidal, can be realized high performance big capacity governing system.But the shortcoming of this structure also clearly: power cell adopts not control rectifying circuit, and electric energy can only flow to load from electrical network, can't realize the four quadrant running of electric system; Simultaneously, very big at power, under a lot of situation of number of motor phases, need the great phase shift isolating transformer of capacity.This transformer is operated in power frequency scope (50Hz), and is bulky, the line complexity, and cost an arm and a leg, the cost of general phase shift isolating transformer has accounted for more than 1/3rd of system cost.This makes this kind topology be restricted on using.
In order to realize the four quadrant running of system, above topology is improved, adopt the three-phase PWM rectification circuit to replace original not control rectifying circuit, other parts are constant.Though improved current transformer is complicated a little in control, on the control performance of system raising has been arranged, and therefore is applied in practice.But improving circuit still needs phase shifting transformer, and volume, weight are big, and shortcomings such as cost height do not change.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to design a kind of transformerless multi-phase multi-level power converter.The invention solves traditional multi-phase multi-level current transformer because volume, weight, the cost problem that phase shifting transformer brings, traditional multi-phase multi-level current transformer side harmonics is little, output voltage waveforms good, be easy to realize on the basis of advantages such as big capacity, energy two-way flow keeping, greatly reduce volume, weight and cost, have tangible economic benefit.This converter plant is applicable to the heterogeneous speed governing of mesohigh field.
The invention is characterized in: be the transformerless large capacity cascade multi-phase multi-level power converter of a single phase poaer supply power supply, being connected mutually with electrical network one after the input side process cascade by a plurality of prime power converter units forms again;
Described each prime power converter unit is formed in parallel successively by H type PWM rectifier bridge, dc-link capacitance, inverter output separately, an input of wherein said H type PWM rectifier bridge links to each other with one of described electrical network, and the output of described inverter links to each other with the input of motor
The prime power converter unit of the number of phases q of described electric network source, number of motor phases m1, Power Conversion unit number of phases m2, cascade is mutually counted k and is had following relation:
m1＝qm2k。
Described transformerless large capacity cascade multi-phase multi-level power converter is characterized in that the transformerless large capacity cascade multi-phase multi-level power converter of three same described single phase poaer supply power supplies is connected to the three-phase alternating current electrical network with the triangle connected mode.
Described transformerless large capacity cascade multi-phase multi-level power converter is characterized in that the transformerless large capacity cascade multi-phase multi-level power converter of three same described single phase poaer supply power supplies is connected to the three-phase alternating current electrical network in the Y-connection mode.
Advantage that the present invention has and innovation part:
The maximum characteristics of this topological circuit are to adopt the PWM rectification circuit directly to be connected with electrical network, have cancelled the phase shifting transformer in the traditional circuit.This topological circuit has following characteristics:
1 saves the transformer in the conventional topologies, and complete machine weight, volume reduce greatly, and cost significantly reduces.In big capacity alternating-current actuating system, the bulking value of transformer accounts for three/the last one of whole system.Therefore, transformerless big capacity polyphase inverter is to improving the complete machine power to volume ratio, reducing cost and play the effect of essence, remarkable in economical benefits.
2 system's input power factors can be near 1, and current harmonics is few, and are little to the adverse effect of AC network electric energy quality;
But 3 system's four quadrant runnings are realized the two-way flow of energy.For large-scale dragging system, can saves energy, and save braking circuit, reduce hardware device.
3 these system unit circuit, mechanical structure are identical, have modular characteristics.Each elementary cell is similar on control algolithm, is easy to realize, transplantability, expansion are good.
4 these topological arrangement are flexible, and applicability is wide.The heterogeneous inversion system of various high-voltage large-capacities that can be used for different voltage capacity grades.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 tradition ten two-phase three-level ACs-straight-friendship multi-phase multi-level frequency changer;
Fig. 2 prime power converter unit; 2a two level single-phase power converter units; 2b two level three phase power converter units; 2c two level five phase Power Conversion unit; 2d tri-level single phase Power Conversion unit; 2e three level three phase power converter units; 2f three level five phase Power Conversion unit;
Nine phase power inverters of Fig. 3 single phase poaer supply power supply;
The two-stage six phase inverters of Fig. 4 three phase mains power supply;
The triangle of Fig. 5 three phase mains power supply connects nine phase motor speed regulation systems;
The Y-connection ten five-phase induction motor governing systems of Fig. 6 three phase mains power supply;
The triangle of Fig. 7 three phase mains power supply connects ten five-phase induction motor governing systems;
Fig. 8 PWM rectification control principle block diagram;
Fig. 9 polyphase machine operation control principle block diagram;
Embodiment:
Novel polyphase inverter circuit structure is as follows: H type PWM rectifier bridge is connected by dc-link capacitance back-to-back with inverter, this Power Conversion of primordial unit (Fig. 2).The form of the input side of a plurality of prime power converter units by the cascade (see figure 3) that is connected with electrical network one.Three same circuit can connect the three-phase of three-phase alternating current electrical network, and connected mode can be triangle or star (Fig. 4～7).
The output level of prime power converter unit can be two level or three level, and this depends on the needs of overall system design.The brachium pontis quantity of Power Conversion unit can be 2,3,5, or other, constitute single-phase, three-phase, five mutually or the inverter of other number of phases.Therefore, based on the big capacity dragging system of this topological structure, power supply number of phases q, number of motor phases m
1, Power Conversion unit number of phases m
2, there is following relation in cascade unit number k:
m
1＝qm
2k
Can adopt with digital signal processing chip (as the special chip of the TSM320F240 serial motors of moral instrument company control) to the control of system be core, and FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) control chip CPLD or FPGA carry out the total digital controller that the IO mouth is expanded.The configuration of sort controller has obtained application in production practices.
Based on the big capacity multi-phase multi-level power converter of basic thought of the present invention,, can expand and be a considerable number of different topology according to the combination of level number, the number of phases and many level topological classification of inverter in system's number of phases, the power cell circuit.These topologys can be named according to following rule:
The power supply of A phase power supply, B level C type, the D level, E phase current transformer,
Form by several power cells, can obtain the multi-phase multi-level power converter topology of One's name is legion, see shown in Figure 2.
Type A, B, C, D, the implication of E representative and parameter commonly used are as follows:
The A power supply number of phases: single-phase, three-phase; (use three phase mains usually, therefore can omit)
The cascade number of B single-phase power unit;
C multi-electrical level inverter kind: diode clamp, electric capacity clamper, tandem type, and other topologys that some change, expansion obtains on their basis;
D inverter level number: two level, three level;
The E inverter number of phases (being defined as the number of phases of motor): 3,6,9,12,15,18 or the like;
These different topologys are applied to different occasions, and the selection of topology mainly depends on power device nominal value of number of motor phases, line voltage grade, employing or the like.Given an example by the polyphase machine governing system that the prime power converter unit constitutes in Fig. 4～7th.
The circuit logic theory diagram of described total digital controller is seen accompanying drawing 8,9.Is core with high performance digital signal microprocessor (Digital Signal Processor) as the TMS320LF2812 of TI company, with three road PWM delivery outlets and 1 I/O mouth as the assist control line, expand to 24 road PWM output by Field Programmable Gate Array device (Field Programmable GateArray/Complex Programmable Logic Device) as EPM7128S, generate 24 the road through drive circuit then and drive pwm pulse signal, remove to trigger 24 power semiconductor switchs, pwm pulse output was blocked in control when wherein 1 I/O mouth was as fault.The analog input interface circuit is finished the function of signal condition and isolation.In PWM rectification control board, detected ac grid voltage, current signal, rectifier output current are carried out being input to after the conversion analog-to-digital conversion mouth of DSP.Software realizes that the PI of d-q coordinate transform, current feedback signal regulates, and calculates the real-time PWM control impuls that is used for the power controlling switching device, in real time with the waveform and the amplitude of this dynamic adjustments output voltage.In the polyphase machine control board, detected inverter output current, voltage signal are carried out being input to DSP analog-to-digital conversion mouth after the conversion.Carry out a series of computings such as d-q coordinate transform, magnetic field observation, adjusting, rotating speed observation and adjusting with software, obtain being used for the pwm pulse of control in real time, be sent to the switching device of converter main circuit through drive circuit, realize the stable operation of high performance polyphase machine operation control and whole RHVC, simultaneously the also alternating voltage output of control of conversion device of pwm signal that generates by software.Man-machine interface and communication unit are finished by serial communication interface that keyboard shows and are communicated by letter with PC and the function of monitoring; The switching value input-output unit is finished the monitoring, power device overcurrent of system running state, failure protection function such as overheated, and other peripheral controlled function require to decide on specific implementation.
Claims (3)
1. transformerless large capacity cascade multi-phase multi-level power converter, it is characterized in that, be the transformerless large capacity cascade multi-phase multi-level power converter of a single phase poaer supply power supply, being connected mutually with electrical network one after the input side process cascade by a plurality of prime power converter units forms again;
Described each prime power converter unit is formed in parallel successively by H type PWM rectifier bridge, dc-link capacitance, inverter output separately, an input of wherein said H type PWM rectifier bridge links to each other with one of described electrical network, and the output of described inverter links to each other with the input of motor
The prime power converter unit of the number of phases q of described electric network source, number of motor phases m1, Power Conversion unit number of phases m2, cascade is mutually counted k and is had following relation:
m1＝qm2k。
2. transformerless large capacity cascade multi-phase multi-level power converter according to claim 1 is characterized in that the transformerless large capacity cascade multi-phase multi-level power converter of three same described single phase poaer supply power supplies is connected to the three-phase alternating current electrical network with the triangle connected mode.
3. transformerless large capacity cascade multi-phase multi-level power converter according to claim 1 is characterized in that the transformerless large capacity cascade multi-phase multi-level power converter of three same described single phase poaer supply power supplies is connected to the three-phase alternating current electrical network in the Y-connection mode.
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| CN101977017A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-02-16 | 华中科技大学 | High-voltage frequency converter of input-transformerless multiphase motor |
| CN102223099A (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2011-10-19 | 重庆大学 | Adaptive three-phase balanced control cascaded three-phase bridge converter |
| CN102468766A (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2012-05-23 | 永济新时速电机电器有限责任公司 | Combined frequency converter |
| CN102684510A (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-09-19 | 上海雷诺尔科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent integrated unit module suitable for cascading high-voltage frequency converter |
| CN101634719B (en) * | 2009-08-27 | 2012-11-28 | 吉林大学 | Inverter for outputting cascade high voltage |
| CN102916590A (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2013-02-06 | 宏远创建有限公司 | One-phase-to-triphase economizer |
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| CN102684510B (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2016-01-06 | 上海雷诺尔科技股份有限公司 | A kind of intelligent integrated unit module being applicable to tandem type high voltage converter |
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