CN102223099A - Adaptive three-phase balanced control cascaded three-phase bridge converter - Google Patents

Adaptive three-phase balanced control cascaded three-phase bridge converter Download PDF

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CN102223099A
CN102223099A CN2011101610326A CN201110161032A CN102223099A CN 102223099 A CN102223099 A CN 102223099A CN 2011101610326 A CN2011101610326 A CN 2011101610326A CN 201110161032 A CN201110161032 A CN 201110161032A CN 102223099 A CN102223099 A CN 102223099A
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陆治国
赵丽丽
吴春军
祝万平
刘捷丰
秦煜森
郑路遥
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Chongqing University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a novel cascaded three-phase bridge converter and belongs to alternating current (AC) / direct current (DC) converters. The converter comprises three-phase AC power supplies, three input inductors and three cascaded three-phase voltage type bridge converters, wherein the three-phase AC power supplies are in star connection and do not have a neutral line. A voltage stress of a switching tube is reduced by using a connection mode of cascaded superposition of three-phase input line voltages, so the converter is applicable to high-voltage and high-power level occasions; and when three-phase input power supplies are unbalanced, inter-phase energy can be compensated for each other, so DC output voltages of each three-phase bridge are automatically equalized. By using cascade connection between bridge arms of the three-phase bridges, compared with a three-phase cascaded converter which is cascaded in same level (m level) and consists of single-phase H-bridge cascaded converters, the novel cascaded three-phase bridge converter has the advantage that: six active switching tubes and m+1 output capacitors are eliminated, so the cost and volume of the converter are reduced.

Description

The cascade connection type three-phase bridge converter of self adaptation three-phase equilibrium control
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of circuit topological structure and application thereof of AC/DC converter, particularly relate to and a kind ofly can be applied in high-power grade occasion, and can solve the cascade connection type three-phase bridge converter of three-phase equilibrium control automatically.
Background technology
Continuous development and user's improving constantly along with power electronics semiconductor device, circuit integrated technology to quality of power supply requirement, converters is applied in the large-power occasions more and more, as the high-pressure side of electric power electric transformer, large-size machine driving etc.Distribution voltage grade commonly used is 10kV/380V, some areas are 20kV/380V, but the electric pressure of general full-control type device is about 1kV, therefore along with the increasing of rectifying device power, the voltage of individual devices or electric current ability to bear often can not adaptive system capacity, can not work reliable and stablely.In order to address the above problem, must adopt multiple technology or multilevel converter to reach the purpose of bring to power grade.Wherein, multilevel converter be use in recent years maximum.
Multi-level converter mainly contains three kinds of structures such as diode clamp type, electric capacity clamper type, cascade connection type.Two kinds of multi-level converters of cascade connection type converter and other are compared: the components and parts that it uses are less, realize the output that level number is higher easily; The sub-unit structure of each converter is identical, carries out modularized design, debugging, installation etc. easily; The load unanimity of each power converter cells.In recent years, in AC-DC (AC/DC) conversion of high-power grade, single-phase cascade connection type H bridging parallel operation is the topology of using at most, the terminal voltage of its AC side superposes by series system, the independent direct current electric capacity of each output links to each other with a single-phase full bridge converter, can constitute three-phase cascade connection type converter in AC side through Y type or the connection of △ type by 3 single-phase cascade multi-level converters.But because this structure three-phase is independently each other, the energy of each phase can not compensate so that the interactive control difficulty of alternate power mutually during three-phase imbalance.Therefore, the deadly defect of the three-phase cascade connection type converter that is made of single-phase H bridge cascade converter is that three-phase equilibrium control is complicated, is difficult to realize.But through regular meeting the situation that three-phase is imported unbalanced power supply takes place, in practice, so must propose a kind of cascade connection type three-phase bridge converter that can solve the three-phase imbalance problem automatically.
The three-phase bridge converter can be divided into voltage-type and current mode two classes.But voltage-type is compared with current mode, and the former uses more topological structure now, have advantages such as low harmonic wave, high efficiency, low electromagnetic interference because of it, and the latter's application scenario is less relatively.
Summary of the invention
At the prior art above shortcomings, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cascade connection type three-phase bridge converter that can be applied in high-power grade occasion and can solve three-phase equilibrium control automatically.The design feature of circuit itself makes this converter when three-phase input unbalanced power supply, guarantees the output dc voltage automatic equalization of each three-phase bridge; Under the identical situation of cascade progression, can also reduce active switch pipe number and output filter capacitor number.
Goal of the invention of the present invention is achieved by following technical proposals: the cascade connection type three-phase bridge converter of energy self adaptation three-phase equilibrium control is characterized in that its two-level concatenation topology comprises:
Y-connection and not with the three-phase of neutral line input power supply u a, u b, u c
Three input boost inductance L that connect with every power supply mutually a, L b, L C, its inductance value is identical, and the output of three inductance is designated as A, B, C respectively;
Three identical in structure three-phase voltage type bridge converters, three three-phase bridge corresponding mutually up and down the tie point of two brachium pontis be designated as A1, B1, C1 respectively, A2, B2, C2 and A3, B3, C3; Each three-phase voltage type bridge converter is by 6 IGBT S that model is identical Ap, S Bp, S Cp, S An, S Bn, S Cn, 6 diode Ds identical with IGBT inverse parallel and model, output filter capacitor C and ohmic load R constitute, wherein, A goes up brachium pontis switching tube S mutually ApEmitter and following brachium pontis switching tube S AnCollector electrode link to each other, B goes up brachium pontis switching tube S mutually BpEmitter and following brachium pontis switching tube S BnCollector electrode link to each other, C goes up brachium pontis switching tube S mutually CpEmitter and following brachium pontis switching tube S CnCollector electrode link to each other S Ap, S BpAnd S CpCollector electrode and the positive pole of output filter capacitor C connect together S An, S BnAnd S CnEmitter and the negative pole of output filter capacitor C connect together, load resistance R is in parallel with output filter capacitor C;
Three output capacitances of three three-phase bridge are designated as C respectively 1, C 2, C 3, its capacitance is identical, and three load resistances are designated as R respectively 1, R 2, R 3, its resistance is identical; Three groups of VD are designated as U respectively O1, U O2, U O3
Three three-phase bridge are that the line voltage level by input side is associated in together, and concrete connected mode is: A phase input inductance L aOutput terminals A link to each other with A1, B1 links to each other with A2, B2 and B be input inductance L mutually bOutput B link to each other, C2 links to each other with B3, C3 and C be input inductance L mutually cOutput C link to each other, A3 links to each other with C1.
The subelement of this converter is identical in structure three-phase voltage type bridge converter or three-phase electricity flow pattern bridge converter; The switching tube that adopts is full-control type device IGBT, and energy is two-way flow, also can make inverter so this converter can be made rectifier.
By the structure thinking of the three-phase bridge converter topology of above-mentioned two-level concatenation, can obtain the three-phase bridge converter of the three-stage cascade that constitutes by 6 three-phase bridge.In actual applications, this topology can be simplified by optimization control scheme, makes it just can be reached the effect of three-stage cascade by 5 three-phase bridge.In the same way, the three-phase bridge converter of m level cascade is made up of 2m-1 three-phase bridge, needs 12m-6 active switch and 2m-1 output DC to hold altogether.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. because three-phase cascade connection type bridge converter of the present invention is to constitute by cascade between the line voltage of three-phase input power supply, can make when three phase mains is uneven, the relation of three alternate formation close couplings so that three alternate energy can compensate mutually, thereby can make the VD automatic equalization of each three-phase bridge, can overcome the weakness that traditional three-phase cascade converter three-phase equilibrium control complexity that is made of 3 single-phase Cascade H bridging parallel operations is difficult to realize well.
2. as can be known by circuit structure of the present invention, when cascade progression identical (m level), the present invention lacks than the three-phase cascade converter that is made of single-phase H bridge and uses 6 active switch pipe IGBT and m+1 output filter capacitor, thereby can reduce cost and volume that converter is made.
3. the control mode of this converter is simple flexibly: to the structure of simplifying, because voltage, electric current and the power symmetry of cascade each three-phase bridge rectifier output together, so can adopt and the identical control method of single voltage-type three-phase bridge converter, also can adopt the control mode of more optimizing.
4. the present invention has kept the advantage of traditional cascade code converter: the switching device voltage stress is low to be fit to being applied in high-power grade occasion, and the structure of each converter subelement is identical, carries out modularized design, debugging, installation etc. easily.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the three-phase bridge converter circuit figure of two-level concatenation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the three-phase bridge converter of the three-stage cascade that obtains of the structure thinking according to the two-level concatenation topology.
Fig. 3 is simple equivalent circuit Fig. 1 of the three-phase bridge converter of Fig. 2 three-stage cascade.
Fig. 4 is simple equivalent circuit Fig. 2 of the three-phase bridge converter of Fig. 2 three-stage cascade.
Fig. 5 is simple equivalent circuit Fig. 3 of the three-phase bridge converter of Fig. 2 three-stage cascade.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the present invention and operation principle are further described:
Referring to Fig. 1, the cascade connection type three-phase bridge converter of self adaptation three-phase equilibrium control of the present invention, its two-level concatenation topology comprises:
Y-connection and not with the three-phase of neutral line input power supply u a, u b, u c
Three input boost inductance L that connect with every power supply mutually a, L b, L C, the output of three inductance is designated as A, B, C respectively;
Three identical in structure three-phase voltage type bridge converters, the tie point of three corresponding phase upper and lower bridge arms of three-phase bridge is designated as A1, B1, C1 respectively, A2, B2, C2 and A3, B3, C3.Each three-phase voltage type bridge converter is by 6 IGBT S that model is identical Sp, S Bp, S Cp, S An, S Bn, S Cn, 6 diode Ds identical with IGBT inverse parallel and model, output filter capacitor C and ohmic load R constitute.3 output capacitances of 3 three-phase bridge are designated as C respectively 1, C 2, C 3, three load resistances are designated as R respectively 1, R 2, R 3, 3 groups of VD are designated as U respectively O1, U O2, U O3
Three three-phase bridge are that the line voltage level by input side is associated in together, and concrete connected mode is: A phase input inductance L aOutput terminals A link to each other with A1, B1 links to each other with A2, B2 and B be input inductance L mutually bOutput B link to each other, C2 links to each other with B3, C3 and C be input inductance L mutually cOutput C link to each other, A3 links to each other with C1.
Be following analysis operation principle of the present invention and performance characteristics convenience thereof, now do following hypothesis: the internal resistance of three phase mains is 0; Used switching device all is desirable; Each imports boost inductance mutually and output filter capacitor equates, is designated as L a=L b=L c=L, C 1=C 2=C 3=C, and do not have equivalent resistance; Three load resistance resistances equate, are designated as R 1=R 2=R 3=R.
Three-phase bridge adopts two logic working modes, is carved with three switches conducting simultaneously that adheres to three brachium pontis separately when promptly per, and every phase is the switch complementary operation of two brachium pontis up and down; The identical S that is designated as respectively of switching drive signal of three corresponding phases of three-phase bridge A, S B, S C, be 1 during last brachium pontis conducting, be 0 during following brachium pontis conducting.
When three-phase input balance, the output voltage average value that can get three three-phase bridge in conjunction with assumed condition equates, is made as U O1=U O2=U O3=U oThe input voltage that can get the three-phase bridge AC side by circuit connecting mode is again:
U AB = 2 ( S A - S B ) U o U BC = 2 ( S B - S C ) U o U CA = 2 ( S C - S A ) U o - - - ( 1 )
(1) formula shows, minimum three-phase bridge cascade converter is the converter of two-level concatenation.
Import under the uneven situation at three-phase, suppose that the output of three three-phase bridge is unequal, then (1) formula becomes
U AB = ( S A - S B ) ( U o 1 + U o 2 ) U BC = ( S B - S C ) ( U o 2 + U o 3 ) U CA = ( S C - S A ) ( U o 3 + U o 1 ) - - - ( 2 )
According to (2) Shi Kede
S A(U o2-U o3)+S B(U o3-U o1)+S C(U o1-U o2)＝0 (3)
(3) formula is all set up under any switch combination state, corresponding switching drive signal (S A, S B, S C) 8 kinds of different switch combination values are arranged, as long as switching frequency f sMuch larger than supply frequency f, then its input under each operating state, output variable can be thought constant, thereby U is just arranged O1=U O2=U O3Therefore, when three-phase input unbalanced power supply, the energy conversion of three phase mains no longer is independently, but the alternate power of three-phase can be interactive, makes the VD automatic equalization of each three-phase bridge.
So cascade connection type three-phase bridge converter provided by the invention can be realized the VD equilibrium of each three-phase bridge automatically when the three-phase input is uneven.
Referring to Fig. 2, be the three-phase bridge converter of three-stage cascade, according to the thinking that the three-phase bridge converter topology of two-level concatenation is constructed, the three-phase bridge converter of three-stage cascade can obtain its topology according to formula (4).
U AB = U A 1 B 1 + U A 2 B 2 + U A 3 B 3 = 3 ( S A - S B ) U o U BC = U B 3 C 3 + U B 4 C 4 + U B 5 C 5 = 3 ( S B - S C ) U o U CA = U C 5 A 5 + U C 6 A 6 + U C 1 A 1 = 3 ( S C - S A ) U o - - - ( 4 )
Fig. 2 is further analyzed, can get by C, A two alternate connected mode and current potential equivalent relations
U CA＝U C5B5+U C4B4+U C3A3+U B2A2+U B1A1＝3(S C-S A)U o (5)
Hence one can see that, and the 3rd the equation equivalence of (5) formula and (4) formula so can need only on the basis of preceding two equatioies that satisfy (4) formula, adopts optimization control scheme can just can reach the effect of three-stage cascade with the first five three-phase bridge.And on preceding two equation bases of satisfying (4) formula, mid point C1, C2, A4 and the A5 of four brachium pontis of residue can have three kinds of different connected modes.
Referring to Fig. 3, first kind of simplified model that the three-phase bridge converter of three-stage cascade exists, C1 links to each other with C2, and A4 links to each other with A5, and the connected mode between other brachium pontis is constant.
Referring to Fig. 4, second kind of simplified model that the three-phase bridge converter of three-stage cascade exists, C1 links to each other with A4, and C2 links to each other with A5, and the connected mode between other brachium pontis is constant.
Referring to Fig. 5, the third simplified model that the three-phase bridge converter of three-stage cascade exists, C1 links to each other with A5, and C2 links to each other with A4, and the connected mode between other brachium pontis is constant.
By the three-stage cascade topology that adopts different connected modes to constitute by 5 three-phase bridge in Fig. 3～5, according to said method can promote to such an extent that the three-phase H bridging parallel operation of m level cascade is made up of 2 (m-2)+3=2m-1 three-phase bridge, have
Figure BDA0000068570470000052
Plant different simplification connected modes, need 6 (2m-1)=12m-6 active switch pipe and 2m-1 output capacitance altogether.And need 3 * 4m=12m switching tube by the m level cascade three-phase inverter that single-phase Cascade H bridge constitutes, and its connected mode is fixed, thereby cascade three-phase bridge topology has been saved 6 active switchs and m+1 output filter capacitor than the three-phase inverter that the single-phase H bridge of cascade constitutes.
The present invention utilizes the connected mode of three-phase input line voltage cascade stack to reduce the voltage stress of switching tube, make this converter be fit to be applied in high-power grade occasion, and alternate energy can compensate mutually when three phase mains is uneven, makes the VD automatic equalization of each three-phase bridge; Utilize the cascade between the three-phase bridge brachium pontis, its three-phase cascade converter that is made of single-phase H bridge cascade converter than cascade at the same level (m level) is lacked use 6 active switch pipes and m+1 output capacitance, to reduce the cost and the volume of converter.To sum up, can verify foregoing 4 beneficial effects of the present invention.
Above content be in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation to further describing that the present invention did, can not assert that concrete enforcement of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For those skilled in the art in the invention, can also make suitable deduction, equivalents, improvement etc. again, but construct under the prerequisite of thinking not breaking away from the present invention, all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. the cascade connection type three-phase bridge converter of self adaptation three-phase equilibrium control is characterized in that its two-level concatenation topology comprises:
Y-connection and not with the three-phase of neutral line input power supply u a, u b, u c
Three input boost inductance L that connect with every power supply mutually a, L b, L C, its inductance value is identical, and the output of three inductance is designated as A, B, C respectively;
Three identical in structure three-phase voltage type bridge converters, three three-phase bridge corresponding mutually up and down the tie point of two brachium pontis be designated as A1, B1, C1 respectively, A2, B2, C2 and A3, B3, C3; Each three-phase voltage type bridge converter is by 6 IGBT S that model is identical Ap, S Bp, S Cp, S An, S Bn, S Cn, 6 diode Ds identical with IGBT inverse parallel and model, output filter capacitor C and ohmic load R constitute; Wherein, A goes up brachium pontis switching tube S mutually ApEmitter and following brachium pontis switching tube S AnCollector electrode link to each other, B goes up brachium pontis switching tube S mutually BpEmitter and following brachium pontis switching tube S BnCollector electrode link to each other, C goes up brachium pontis switching tube S mutually CpEmitter and following brachium pontis switching tube S CnCollector electrode link to each other S Ap, S BpAnd S CpCollector electrode and the positive pole of output filter capacitor C connect together S An, S BnAnd S CnEmitter and the negative pole of output filter capacitor C connect together, load resistance R is in parallel with output filter capacitor C;
Three output capacitances of three three-phase bridge are designated as C respectively 1, C 2, C 3, its capacitance is identical, and three load resistances are designated as R respectively 1, R 2, R 3, its resistance is identical; Three groups of VD are designated as U respectively O1, U O2, U O3
Three three-phase bridge are that the line voltage level by input side is associated in together, and concrete connected mode is: A phase input inductance L aOutput terminals A link to each other with A1, B1 links to each other with A2, B2 and B be input inductance L mutually bOutput B link to each other, C2 links to each other with B3, C3 and C be input inductance L mutually cOutput C link to each other, A3 links to each other with C1.
2. according to the cascade connection type three-phase bridge converter of the described self adaptation three-phase equilibrium control of claim 1, it is characterized in that the subelement of this converter is identical in structure three-phase voltage type bridge converter or three-phase electricity flow pattern bridge converter; The switching tube that adopts is full-control type device IGBT.
3. according to the cascade connection type three-phase bridge converter of the described self adaptation three-phase equilibrium of claim 1 control, it is characterized in that, be specially for the cascade connected mode between each three-phase bridge of the three-phase bridge converter of m level cascade: A phase input inductance L aOutput terminals A link to each other B phase input inductance L with A1 bOutput B and brachium pontis B mLink to each other C phase input inductance L cOutput C and C 2m-1Link to each other; B iWith A I+1Link to each other (1≤i≤m), C jWith B J+1Link to each other (m≤j≤2m-1), the tie point of wherein remembering every phase upper and lower bridge arm of each three-phase bridge be designated as respectively Ai, Bi, Ci (i=1,2 ... 2m-1).
4. according to the cascade connection type three-phase bridge converter of the described self adaptation three-phase equilibrium control of claim 3, it is characterized in that, adopt optimization control scheme to make C pAnd A q(wherein, any 2 all can be connected to each other among the 1≤p≤m-1, m+1≤q≤2m-1), thus can constitute the three-phase bridge converter of m level cascade by 2m-1 three-phase bridge, and can have
Figure FDA0000068570460000021
Plant different connected modes.
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