CN101534063B - Cascade connection polyphase converter - Google Patents
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- CN101534063B CN101534063B CN2009100826928A CN200910082692A CN101534063B CN 101534063 B CN101534063 B CN 101534063B CN 2009100826928 A CN2009100826928 A CN 2009100826928A CN 200910082692 A CN200910082692 A CN 200910082692A CN 101534063 B CN101534063 B CN 101534063B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cascade connection polyphase converter. The cascade connection polyphase converter comprises more than two basic power units, and the basic power units are supplied with electric source by a single-phase electric source. Each of the basic power units comprises an H-bridge power inverter. The input end of the H-bridge power inverter is connected with the electric network in a cascade connection manner, and the output end thereof is connected with a polyphase power inverter back to back by a direct current bus. The polyphase power inverter is connected with a polyphase alternating current motor. A control unit interacts information with the H-bridge power inverter. By taking the H-bridge power inverter as the access of the electric network, the invention can facilitate the input current harmonic wave of the electric network to be small and basically accordant with the input voltage phase by a control mode, the power factor is approximately equal to 1. The invention improves the working efficiency of the complete machine in the system. The invention can be widely used in the field of medium-high voltage high-capacity polyphase speed regulation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power electronics multi-phase multi-level topological structure, particularly about a kind of cascade connection polyphase converter that is applied to high-voltage large-capacity speed governing field.
Background technology
Along with converter plant in high-voltage large-capacity speed governing Application for Field such as naval vessel electric propulsion, electric locomotive tractions, because be subjected to the restriction of power device withstand voltage level and current capacity, the converting means of traditional two level three-phase inverters is difficult to satisfy the requirement of high-power transformation of electrical energy.Therefore, the multi-phase multi-level technology is to solve the good method that current power device system for restricting capacity promotes, and is thought by industry to have broad application prospects in the high-voltage large-capacity field.The multi-phase multi-level current transformer has the advantage of heterogeneous and many level current transformers simultaneously, and for example: 1, near sinusoidal, harmonic content is little more for output voltage waveforms.2, the output voltage rate of change is little, and is little to the insulation influence of load (as motor), reduces the level of electromagnetic interference simultaneously greatly.3, the single tube with low withstand voltage level constitutes high-pressure system, solves the single tube problem of withstand voltage of high-pressure system.4, system has stronger fault-tolerant operation ability, and for example when single-phase even heterogeneous open phase fault took place for inverter or polyphase machine, as long as take correct control measure, system still can continue to move the reliability height under the condition of derate.
The main topology of mesohigh converter plant that adopts the multi-phase multi-level technology at present is for handing over～straight～many level of alternating current die mould structure.Phase shifting transformer is connected with three phase network, and a plurality of secondary windings of phase shifting transformer provide the three-phase alternating current input for each H bridge power unit, and each H bridge power unit is that three-phase is not controlled rectification and multi-phase multi-level inverter structure.In this topology, the effect of phase shifting transformer mainly is to adopt multiple technology to reduce the voltage on line side current harmonics that is produced by rectification load except realizing the electrical isolation between electrical network and the inverter; Three-phase not control rectifying circuit provides stable DC bus-bar voltage for the inverter circuit of back; The multi-phase multi-level inverter is then realized the variable-frequency variable-voltage function, and the electric energy of amplitude, changeable frequency is provided for polyphase machine.The advantage of this topological structure is that the current on line side harmonic wave is little, and output voltage waveforms relatively near sinusoidal, can be realized high performance big capacity governing system.Therefore, obtained certain application in some occasion.But also there are some problems in the converter of this topological structure: power cell adopts not control rectifying circuit, and electric energy can only flow to load from electrical network, can't realize the four quadrant running of electric system, i.e. the energy feedback grid; Simultaneously, very big at power, under a lot of situation of number of motor phases, need the great phase shift isolating transformer of capacity.This transformer is operated in the power frequency scope of 50Hz, and is bulky, the line complexity, and cost an arm and a leg, the cost of general phase shift isolating transformer has accounted for more than 1/3rd of system cost, and this makes this kind topology be restricted on using.In order to realize the four quadrant running of system, above topology is improved, with three-phase not control rectifying circuit change the three-phase PWM rectification circuit into, other circuit is constant.Though improved current transformer is complicated a little in control, on the control performance of system raising has been arranged, and therefore is applied in practice.But improving circuit still needs phase shifting transformer, and volume, weight are big, and shortcomings such as cost height do not change.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of phase shifting transformer that do not need, just can realize the energy two-way flow, be applicable to the cascade connection polyphase converter of polyphase system.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of cascade connection polyphase converter, it is characterized in that: it comprises two above prime power unit, and described prime power unit is the single phase poaer supply power supply, and each described prime power unit comprises a H bridge power inverter; The input of described H bridge power inverter is connected with electrical network by the form of cascade, and output adopts back-to-back connected mode by a dc bus and a multiphase power converter; Described multiphase power converter connects multi-phase AC motor; One control unit and described H bridge power inverter carry out information interaction.
Described H bridge power inverter comprises a level brachium pontis more than two and an electric current and voltage detecting unit, and described electric current and voltage detecting unit connects the input of two described many level brachium pontis, sends described electric current, voltage signal to described control unit.
Described multiphase power converter comprises two the above many level brachium pontis, by described control unit control.
Described many level brachium pontis comprises the power semiconductor switch of series connection more than two, and described many level brachium pontis has capacitor-clamped and two kinds of connected modes of diode clamp.
Described control unit comprises: a digital signal microprocessor, and described digital signal microprocessor is finished keyboard demonstration, compunication and monitoring by the man machine communication interface of a serial; One analog-to-digital conversion/isolation module is an analog to digital conversion circuit, it gathers electric current, voltage signal that described electric current and voltage detecting unit and voltage sensor senses arrive, and electric current, the voltage signal that collects be converted into digital signal, flow to described digital signal microprocessor; One switching value input/output module, the overcurrent of acquisition system, fault-signal such as overheated send to described digital signal microprocessor; Described switching value input/output module receives the switching value guard signal of described digital signal microprocessor output simultaneously; The pulse-width modulation control signal of the output signal of described switching value input/output module and the output of described digital signal microprocessor expands to multichannel pulse width modulation controlled pulse signal through a pulse-width modulation expansion module with the pulse width modulation controlled pulse signal; The pulse-width modulation control signal that described control unit sends drives described device for power switching conducting, shutoff by drive circuit.
Described polyphase inverter and electrical network that the unit cascaded back of described prime power constitutes have single-phase and two kinds of connected modes of three-phase, can be that triangle is connected and Y-connection with the connected mode of three phase network.
The present invention is owing to take above technical scheme, and it has the following advantages: 1, therefore the present invention has reduced the volume and weight of system, and has reduced cost owing to save phase shifting transformer.2, the present invention is back-to-back frame mode owing to adopting H bridge power inverter and heterogeneous converter, but therefore makes system's four quadrant running, has realized the two-way flow of energy.3, the present invention is owing to adopt the form of cascade to be connected in the electrical network prime power unit, and the voltage of prime power unit input is the part of grid side voltage only, makes that the power semiconductor switch rated value in the prime power unit reduces greatly.4, the present invention is because employing is the grid side access port with H bridge power inverter, therefore can make the Harmonics of Input of grid side little by control mode, and be consistent substantially with input voltage phase, power factor is approximately 1, has improved the operating efficiency of system's complete machine.The present invention is widely used in the jumbo heterogeneous speed governing of various mesohighs field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is polyphase inverter of the present invention and three phase network syndeton schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is a prime power cellular construction schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a pulse width modulation rectifier structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 4 is an inverter structure schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 5 is capacitor-clamped many level of formula brachium pontis structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 6 is many level of diode clamp formula brachium pontis structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 7 is a control unit structural representation of the present invention
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the present invention includes two above prime power unit 10 and a control unit 50.Each prime power unit 10 is the single phase poaer supply power supply, and each prime power unit 10 is connected with electrical network by the form of cascade, prime power unit 10 after the cascade constitutes polyphase inverter of the present invention and can be connected with the electrical network of single phase poaer supply, also can with being connected of the electrical network of three phase mains, can be connected or Y-connection by triangle with the connected mode of three phase network.With the example that is connected to of three phase network, wherein, prime power unit 10 comprises a H bridge power inverter 20, dc bus 30 and multiphase power converter 40.Each phase electrical network input connects the side terminal 21 on the H bridge power inverter 20 of this phase first order prime power unit 10, terminal 22 is connected with the terminal 21 of next stage prime power unit 10 by the form of cascade, and the terminal 22 of the afterbody prime power unit 10 of all phase electrical network input correspondences links together.Positive and negative output on the H bridge power inverter 20 connects a positive dc bus P and the negative dc bus N in the dc bus 30 respectively, be in series with a plurality of electric capacity 31 between dc bus P and the dc bus N, each electric capacity 31 two ends voltage sensor 32 all in parallel sends detected voltage signal 33 to control unit 50 by voltage sensor 32.And the positive pole of electric capacity 31 connects dc bus P, and dc bus P and dc bus N all are connected the input of multiphase power converter 40.Because H bridge power inverter 20 adopts back-to-back connected mode by dc bus 30 and multiphase power converter 40, the operating state that can change multiphase power converter 40 by control unit 50 is rectification or inversion, therefore make polyphase inverter of the present invention realize the four-quadrant motion, i.e. the two-way flow of energy.When system was in rectification state, energy flowed to multi-phase AC motor from electrical network, and the alternating current of electrical network output is through H bridge power inverter 20, and this moment, H bridge power inverter 20 was rectified action, alternating current can be converted into the direct current of amplitude stability.This direct current is sent to multiphase power converter 40 by dc bus 30, this moment, multiphase power converter 40 was reversion reaction, alternating current U1, U2...Un that direct current process multiphase power converter 40 is converted into changeable frequency give the power supply of multi-phase AC motor (not shown).When system was in inverter mode, energy flowed to electrical network from multi-phase AC motor, and multiphase power converter 40 is rectified action, and H bridge power inverter 20 is reversion reaction.
As shown in Figure 2, in said process, carry out information interaction between control unit 50 and the H bridge power inverter 20, dc bus 30 voltages of H bridge power inverter 20 outputs of prime poweies at different levels unit 10 are equated, make the input power factor of grid side be approximately 1 simultaneously.Control unit 50 control multiphase power converters 40 output frequencies are variable alternating current simultaneously.Can reduce the harmonic wave of grid side so greatly, improve whole system operation efficient.
As shown in Figure 3, H bridge power inverter 20 of the present invention comprises level brachium pontis more than two 23, an inductance 24 and an electric current and voltage detecting unit 25.After terminal 21 series inductances 24 of H bridge power inverter 20, connect the brachium pontis of level more than one 23, terminal 22 connects another many level brachium pontis 23.Electric current and voltage detecting unit 25 connects the terminal 21,22 of H bridge power inverter 20, electric current, voltage signal 26 in voltage sensor by wherein and the current sensor senses electrical network input H bridge power inverter 20 send electric current, voltage signal 26 to control unit 50 again.In the present embodiment, voltage sensor and the current sensor of forming electric current and voltage detecting unit 25 are checkout equipment of the prior art.
As shown in Figure 4, multiphase power converter 40 of the present invention can comprise a plurality of many level brachium pontis 23, the direct current of H bridge power inverter 20 outputs is transported in many level brachium pontis 23 of multiphase power converter 40, the output of many level brachium pontis 23 is connected with multi-phase AC motor, and under the control of control unit 50, realize the energy conversion between electrical network and the multi-phase AC motor.
In the various embodiments described above, many level brachium pontis 23 has two kinds of basic connected modes, and a kind of is that employing is capacitor-clamped, and a kind of is to adopt diode clamp.Therefore H bridge power inverter 20 and multiphase power converter 40 all have level brachium pontis more than two types, can constitute four class basic structures between H bridge power inverter 20 and the multiphase power converter 40.Many level brachium pontis 23 comprises a plurality of power semiconductor switchs, is example with a kind of three level connected modes, and its connected mode is as follows:
Capacitor-clamped: as shown in Figure 5, many level brachium pontis 23 comprises the power semiconductor switch K1～K4 of four series connection, at the two ends of a power semiconductor switch K2 and K3 clamping capacitance 231 in parallel.Output x1, the x2 of power semiconductor switch K1 and K4 are connected dc bus P and N respectively.One terminal x3 is set between power semiconductor switch K2, K3, and terminal x3 connects electrical network or multi-phase AC motor by inductance 24.
Diode clamp: as shown in Figure 6, many level brachium pontis 23 is identical with the connected mode in capacitor-clamped, also comprises the power semiconductor switch K1～K4 of four series connection, in two ends and two clamping diode of connecting 232 parallel connections of power semiconductor switch K2 and K3.Wherein, the mid point of two clamping diodes 232 is in parallel with the mid point of dc bus 30P, N.All the other connected modes are identical with capacitor-clamped mode with operation principle.
In the various embodiments described above, since different output levels, type, the number of phases and the annexation etc. of prime power unit 10, the practical topological circuit of the multiple different polyphase inverter of can extending out.But this topological circuit called after A phase B level C type D level E phase current transformer, wherein A is the power supply number of phases, can be single-phase or three phase mains; B is the cascade number of prime power unit 10; C is the type of many level brachium pontis 23 in the multiphase power converter 40, can be capacitor-clamped or diode clamp; D is the level number of multiphase power converter 40, can be two level, three level or five level; E is the number of many level brachium pontis 23 in the multiphase power converter 40.
As shown in Figure 7, control unit 50 of the present invention comprises a digital signal microprocessor 51, one analog-to-digital conversion/isolation module 52, a switching value input/output module 53, a pulse-width modulation expansion module 54, some drive circuits 55 and a man machine communication interface 56.
What digital signal microprocessor 51 adopted is High Performance DSP in the prior art (digital signalprocessor, digital signal processor) chip, the special chip of the TSM320LF2812 serial motors control of producing such as TI company.Digital signal microprocessor 51 is finished keyboard by the man machine communication interface 56 of serial and is shown and to communicate by letter with PC and the function of monitoring.
Analog-to-digital conversion/isolation module 52 is an analog to digital conversion circuit, it gathers electric current, voltage signal 26 in the electric current and voltage detecting unit 25 detected input H bridge power inverters 20, and voltage sensor 32 detected voltage signals 33, electric current, voltage signal 26 and the voltage signal 33 gathered are converted into digital signal, flow to digital signal microprocessor 51.
Switching value input/output module 53 is the I/O interface, its acquisition system overcurrent, fault-signal such as overheated, and send to digital signal microprocessor 51, and make digital signal microprocessor 51 in time send the protection instruction, take safeguard measure; The switching value guard signal of receiving digital signals microprocessor 51 outputs simultaneously, and send into pulse-width modulation expansion module 54, auxiliary pulse-width modulation expansion module 54 carries out signal extension.
The pulse-width modulation control signal of the output signal of switching value input/output module 53 and digital signal microprocessor 51 outputs expands to multichannel pulse width modulation controlled pulse signal through pulsewidth modulation expansion module 54 with the pulse width modulation controlled pulse signal.Wherein each road pulse width modulation controlled pulse signal is by corresponding driving circuit 55, expand to the pulse width modulation controlled pulse signal of two-way complementation once more, with conducting or the shutoff of driving power switching device K, make system have desired performance, be approximately 1 etc. as net side input power factor.Pulse-width modulation expansion module 54 in the present embodiment is Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA, Field Programmable Gate Array) or CPLD (CPLD, Complex Programmable Logic Device).
In sum, volume weight accounts for the phase shifting transformer of system more than 1/3rd in traditional big capacity current transformer because cascade connection polyphase converter of the present invention has been save, thereby greatly reduces machine volume and cost; And can realize that governing system moves in the four-quadrant scope, energy can feed back to the electrical network from motor when motor braking, has improved the operating mode operational efficiency of governing system; And AC network side current harmonics is little, and power factor approaches 1.
Claims (4)
1. cascade connection polyphase converter, it is characterized in that: it comprises two above prime power unit, described prime power unit is the single phase poaer supply power supply, each described prime power unit comprises a H bridge power inverter, described H bridge power inverter comprises a level brachium pontis more than two and an electric current and voltage detecting unit, and described electric current and voltage detecting unit connects the input of two described many level brachium pontis; The form of the input of described H bridge power inverter by cascade and electrical network one mutually or three be connected, output adopts back-to-back connected mode by a dc bus and a multiphase power converter; Described multiphase power converter connects multi-phase AC motor; One control unit and described H bridge power inverter carry out information interaction; Wherein, described multiphase power converter comprises many level brachium pontis more than two, and the output of the described many level brachium pontis of each in the described multiphase power converter is connected with multi-phase AC motor, and described multiphase power converter is controlled by described control unit.
2. a kind of cascade connection polyphase converter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described many level brachium pontis in described H bridge power inverter and the multiphase power converter comprises the power semiconductor switch of series connection more than two, and described many level brachium pontis has capacitor-clamped and two kinds of connected modes of diode clamp.
3. a kind of cascade connection polyphase converter as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described control unit comprises:
One digital signal microprocessor, described digital signal microprocessor is finished keyboard demonstration, compunication and monitoring by the man machine communication interface of a serial;
One analog-to-digital conversion/isolation module is an analog to digital conversion circuit, it gathers electric current, voltage signal that described electric current and voltage detecting unit and voltage sensor senses arrive, and electric current, the voltage signal that collects be converted into digital signal, flow to described digital signal microprocessor;
One switching value input/output module, the overcurrent of acquisition system, fault-signal such as overheated send to described digital signal microprocessor; Described switching value input/output module receives the switching value guard signal of described digital signal microprocessor output simultaneously;
The pulse-width modulation control signal of the output signal of described switching value input/output module and the output of described digital signal microprocessor expands to multichannel pulse width modulation controlled pulse signal through a pulse-width modulation expansion module with the pulse width modulation controlled pulse signal;
The pulse-width modulation control signal that described control unit sends drives described power semiconductor switch conducting, shutoff by drive circuit.
4. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of cascade connection polyphase converters, it is characterized in that: described polyphase inverter and electrical network that the unit cascaded back of described prime power constitutes have single-phase and two kinds of connected modes of three-phase, can be that triangle is connected and Y-connection with the connected mode of three phase network.
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| CN101834451A (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2010-09-15 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | High-voltage back-to-back converter |
| CN102025166A (en) * | 2010-07-22 | 2011-04-20 | 荣信电力电子股份有限公司 | Power-generating interconnected topological structure of transformerless water-turbine generator |
| CN103516239B (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2016-04-20 | 通用电气公司 | The converter modulation system improved and method |
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| CN106655847A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-10 | 杭州恒瑞教学设备有限公司 | Three-phase seven-level inverter used for experiment teaching |
| CN106452155A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-02-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十研究所 | Multipath superimposed type high-frequency and high-voltage power supply based on DSP2812 |
| CN108899943B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2023-12-12 | 芜湖埃泰克汽车电子股份有限公司 | Three-phase motor inversion driving control circuit based on battery H-bridge series structure and control method thereof |
| CN109378009B (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2023-06-27 | 中国航空无线电电子研究所 | Airborne warning voice output device |
| CN110488115B (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2021-07-06 | 上海交通大学 | Cascaded converter submodule single-phase test circuit based on symmetrical bridge arm structure |
| CN110488114A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-22 | 上海交通大学 | Cascade converter submodule based on reversed series connection structure tests circuit |
| CN110289639B (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2021-12-31 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Cascading converter and control method and application system thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20220620 Address after: 9 / F, 8 Jinli Road, Daxi Town, Wenling City, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province 317525 Patentee after: Zhejiang Qingling Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100084 Department of electrical engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian District Patentee before: TSINGHUA University |