CN101476730A - Energy-saving rubbish and dangerous waste incineration processing method - Google Patents
Energy-saving rubbish and dangerous waste incineration processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101476730A CN101476730A CNA200910013634XA CN200910013634A CN101476730A CN 101476730 A CN101476730 A CN 101476730A CN A200910013634X A CNA200910013634X A CN A200910013634XA CN 200910013634 A CN200910013634 A CN 200910013634A CN 101476730 A CN101476730 A CN 101476730A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to an incineration treatment process, and in particular relates to an energy-saving economical method for the incineration treatment of rubbishes and dangerous wastes. The method for the incineration treatment comprises the following: a step of the primary combustion in a first combustion chamber and the secondary combustion in a second combustion chamber; a step of heat exchange and temperature reduction; a step of deacidification; a step of dust removal; and a step of adsorption. The heating mode of the second combustion chamber is electric heating; part of the heated flue gas after the secondary combustion in the second combustion chamber is introduced into the first and the second combustion chambers to perform afterheat reuse. The method saves energy resources, avoids the phenomenon of blockage caused by the wall deposition and the ash adhesion of part of the unburned oil mist and volatile matters in a low temperature zone in the preheating process of oil injection, reuses the afterheat, and sufficiently solves the contradiction that the heat value of the rubbishes is low and the heat intensity cannot reach the requirement on decomposing dioxin generally so as to greatly reduce the combustion-supporting cost of the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber. Besides, the method greatly improves the quality of processing the flue gas, improves the utilization rate of heat on the whole, simplifies the processing steps, reduces the equipment investment, and saves energy resources and the cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to burning disposal technology, be specially a kind of energy saving economy type rubbish and danger waste incineration disposal method.
Background technology
To the processing of domestic waste, medical waste and many danger wastes, many at present employing burning process are handled, and are treated to the typical case with burning city domestic garbage generating, medical wastes incineration especially.For preventing the generation of dangerous poisonous and harmful substances such as dioxin, according to relevant national standard and demand of technical standard, the burning secondary firings that adopt more.The most frequently used burning method treatment step is: (1) primary combustion (pyrolysis): splendid attire incinerated matter in the combustion chamber, light after-combustion to incinerated matter air feed, oil spout, and by control, realize control to the burning of incinerated matter to air feed and oil spout.(2) (oil spout is pre-heated) second-time burning: (generally about 400 ℃) could admit the flue gas of a combustion chamber to burn again after secondary combustion chamber will be preheating to uniform temperature, and going up current pre-heating mean both at home and abroad is fuel oil or gas-preheating.After relevant specification of country required (normal combustion) to admit the gas of a combustion chamber, the temperature of dual firing chamber will reach more than 850 ℃, more than 2 seconds of burning time.As not reaching 850 ℃, need to use combustion-supporting measure because of reasons such as refuse thermal value are low.Preheating and combustion-supportingly many make fuel with diesel oil.(3) rapid quench cooling: synthetic for the low temperature that reduces dioxin, it is short more good more to the time requirement of flue gas cool-down to need, so require the chilling fast cooling.Between 550 ℃-250 ℃ of the temperature ranges that dioxin synthesizes, lower the temperature this interval using with spray process more.Heat-exchange method is used in cooling interval more than 550 ℃ more, and 250 ℃ of following temperature can directly efflux.(4) deacidification: directly in flue, spray pulverized limestone.(5) dedusting: adopt bag-type dust.(6) absorption: directly in flue, spray activated carbon powder, with synthetic a spot of dioxin and the heavy metal contaminants that produces of absorption low temperature.
The defective that above technology exists is: (1), needs to start air-introduced machine for air feed for preheating dual firing chamber step, and so most heat energy are taken away by air-introduced machine, and the heat energy utilization rate is too low.Burner hearth to reaching about 400 ℃, needs to consume more diesel oil from normal temperature; Black smoke and pollutant that diesel combustion produces, not only unfavorable to environment, and influence the safe operation of system; More fuel cost has improved user's financial burden.(2) because of refuse thermal value is lower, the heat energy of many times depending merely on rubbish does not reach the temperature requirement more than 850 ℃, need be combustion-supporting in dual firing chamber, and this has not only increased the weight of user's operating cost, and has restricted the range of application and the treatment effect of waste incineration.(3) chilling cooling step, spraying cooling causes heat can not obtain utilizing, waste energy, and increased smoke moisture greatly, this to the burn into of follow-up equipment to service life of bag-type dust, the formation of smoke stack emission in winter condensed water has all been produced huge negative effect; (4) deacidification, adsorption step, the reaction time in flue is too short, and utilization rate is too low, and under the effect of wet flue gas, active carbon is formed parcel by lime powder encirclement, combination at activated carbon surface, has seriously hindered the absorption of active carbon to pollutants such as heavy metals in the flue gas.Simultaneously, the wet mixture after a large amount of active carbons and the lime suction is adsorbed on the sack cleaner surface, has increased the weight of the live load of bag-type dust, has increased the difficulty of cleaning cloth bag greatly.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly that a kind of energy saving economy type rubbish and danger waste incineration disposal method are provided at the defective of above-mentioned existence.(1) this treatment process has adopted the mode of electrical heating preheating dual firing chamber, not only saved the energy, and unburned mist of oil of part and the volatile matter of having avoided the oil spout preheating to occur cause blocking problem at the wall built-up and the sticking ash of low-temperature space, thereby are that the technology preparation has been carried out in whole heat exchange coolings.(2) residual heat recovery has solved fully that refuse thermal value is low, calorific intensity generally do not reach the contradiction of the requirement of decomposing dioxin.The combustion-supporting cost of one combustion chamber and dual firing chamber is reduced significantly.(3) heat exchange cooling efficiently solves the problem and flue (road) etching problem of wet flue gas condensed water in winter, and the form of heat energy by waste heat boiler obtains utilizing.(4) follow-up deacidification, adsorption treatment process are improved, improved the quality of smoke treatment greatly, improved the utilization rate of heat on the whole, simplify processing step, reduced equipment investment, saved the energy and cost.
Energy saving economy type rubbish of the present invention and danger waste incineration disposal method, comprise a combustion chamber primary combustion, dual firing chamber's second-time burning, heat exchange cooling step, deacidification step, dust removal step, adsorption step successively, the mode of heating of dual firing chamber is electrical heating, by the hot flue gas that dual firing chamber comes out through second-time burning, part feeds a combustion chamber and dual firing chamber carries out residual heat recovery.
Detailed step of the present invention is that the hot flue gas by dual firing chamber comes out through second-time burning sucks the portion of hot flue gas by the residual heat recovery device by negative pressure, then thermal flue gas back is flow to a combustion chamber, dual firing chamber; The hot flue gas of remainder is through " gas-water " heat exchange mode heat exchange cooling, flue gas after the cooling enters the deacidification dehumidifier and carries out drying, deacidification, carry out dedusting by sack cleaner then, enter activated carbon adsorber again and adsorb, must reach the flue gas of discharge standard at last.This processing method is the dry method incineration treatment method.
" gas-water " heat exchange cooling method is adopted in cooling, and waste heat boiler is adopted in the heat exchange cooling, utilizes then.
Dual firing chamber of the present invention adopts Electric heating to carry out preheating, the corresponding electric heater unit that is connected with external power source by lead that in dual firing chamber, is provided with, described electric heater unit carries out the Electric heating preheating to the combustion chamber, and described electric heater unit is arranged on gas approach side in the combustion chamber.
Vibration multiple-hearth deacidification dehumidifier is adopted in deacidification of the present invention; The fixed bed activated carbon adsorber is adopted in described absorption.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, in burning disposal technology, adopt the preheating of electrical heating as dual firing chamber, electrical heating can heated under the air-tight state relatively, do not need oxygen supply in burner hearth, therefore do not need out air-introduced machine, avoided air-introduced machine to take heat away, and saved air-introduced machine electricity charge expense, save heat energy greatly, reduced energy loss.As dual firing chamber being preheated to 400 ℃, economic performance is by present oil, electricity price lattice, and this method can be saved operating cost more than 50%; Do not use fuel-firing preheating, unburned mist of oil of part and the volatile matter of having avoided the oil spout preheating to occur cause blocking problem at the wall built-up and the sticking ash of low-temperature space, thereby make the chilling cooling can adopt the method for whole heat exchange coolings.Adopt residual heat recovery technology, can make the heat energy of discharging obtain reuse, saved the combustion-supporting energy of using, and a large amount of reuses of waste heat can improve ignition temperature greatly, thoroughly solve refuse thermal value problem on the low side, the recycling temperature of combustion chamber that can make of heat energy improves constantly, and the raising of temperature can be decomposed dioxin better.Flue gas cool-down adopts the form of " gas-water " heat exchange, waste heat boiler, both can make waste heat obtain utilizing, substituted spraying cooling again, thereby the problem of having avoided the smoke moisture increasing that causes because of spray, reduced corrosion to follow-up flue and equipment, prolong the service life of follow-up equipment, importantly alleviated the degree of condensed water after northern area user flue gas in winter is discharged greatly.Adopt the deacidification dehumidifier to the flue gas dehumidification treatments that deacidifies, substitute spray pulverized limestone technology, operation is convenient, it is economical to use.With the fixed bed activated carbon adsorber flue gas is carried out further adsorption treatment, increased the reaction time, improve the utilization rate of activated carbon powder, the defective of having avoided both mixing to bring, increase treatment effeciency and quality, and the use amount of saving material, reduce cost, and alleviated live load bag-type dust.In a word, burning disposal technology of the present invention adopts new a whole set of technology, solves or has alleviated problems and the contradiction that exists in the current technology, possesses outstanding practicality characteristics and significant technological progress.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.
Energy saving economy type rubbish of the present invention and danger treatment of wastes produced technology are that the hot flue gas by dual firing chamber comes out through second-time burning sucks the portion of hot flue gas by the residual heat recovery device by negative pressure, then thermal flue gas back is flow to a combustion chamber, dual firing chamber; The hot flue gas of remainder is through " gas-water " heat exchange mode heat exchange cooling, flue gas after the cooling enters the deacidification dehumidifier and carries out drying, deacidification, carry out dedusting by sack cleaner then, enter activated carbon adsorber again and adsorb, must reach the flue gas of discharge standard at last; Wherein, the preheating method of dual firing chamber is electrical heating.This processing method is the dry method incineration treatment method.
The detail operations step of incineration treatment method of the present invention is (1) one combustion chamber combustion step: incinerated matter is put into a combustion chamber, by means such as air feed, oil spout, residual heat recoveries, make incinerated matter carry out combustion and pyrolysis; (2) dual firing chamber's combustion step: the flue gas that a combustion chamber produces enters the dual firing chamber after the preheating, further burn, the pre-thermal recovery Electric heating of dual firing chamber, the preheat temperature of dual firing chamber reaches just can accept the flue gas that a combustion chamber burning produces more than 400 ℃, the normal combustion temperature of dual firing chamber is greater than 850 ℃, and the flue gas mean residence time was more than or equal to 2 seconds; (3) residual heat recovery: utilize the residual heat recovery device that the hot flue gas more than 850 ℃ is sucked air supply line under suction function, and with enter a combustion chamber, dual firing chamber after air feed mixes, the heat energy of high-temperature flue gas obtains reuse; (4) heat exchange cooling: adopt the form of " gas-water " heat exchange, waste heat boiler, high-temperature flue gas is reduced to subsequent technique acceptable temperature (below 250 ℃); (5) deacidification dehumidifying step: the flue gas through cooling enters the deacidification dehumidifier, absorbs acidic gas in flue gas and steam; (6) dust removal step: the flue gas that dehumidifies through deacidifying enters sack cleaner and carries out dedusting; (7) charcoal absorption step: the flue gas through dedusting enters activated carbon adsorber, and flue gas is carried out further treatment and purification, obtains high-quality smoke treatment at last, enters in the atmosphere.
Dual firing chamber of the present invention adopts Electric heating to carry out preheating, the corresponding electric heater unit that is connected with external power source by lead that in dual firing chamber, is provided with, described electric heater unit carries out the Electric heating preheating to the combustion chamber, and described electric heater unit is arranged on gas approach side in the combustion chamber.Dual firing chamber is generally cylindrical resistant to elevated temperatures cavity, and as required, the shape of dual firing chamber also can be polygon, the square bodily form etc., and the material of dual firing chamber's inwall is with fire resistant anticorrosive.When preheating, one combustion is indoor that rubbish to be burned is housed, and is both stuffy when being formed on dual firing chamber's preheating, the also semi-hermetic state of pressure-bearing not, and the applicant of this dual firing chamber applies for a patent, and its application number is 200820027004.9.
Residual heat recovery device of the present invention, suck the high-temperature flue gas that dual firing chamber discharges by the high-temperature pipe negative pressure, inner at this device, high-temperature flue gas mixes with the normal temperature air that air blast feeds, then high temperature air is fed a combustion chamber, the air supply line of dual firing chamber, fire the chamber at air blast to one, in the process of dual firing chamber's air feed, make air feed produce negative pressure, under the effect of negative pressure, suck that dual firing chamber discharges greater than 850 ℃ part high-temperature flue gas, the soakage of this high-temperature flue gas is according to the needs of the type of the device processes ability of reality and disposal of refuse, reasonably regulate soakage with high temperature resistant valve, be that a combustion chamber and dual firing chamber replenish heat energy, other high-temperature flue gas enters follow-up flue gas treatment step.
Deacidification dehumidifier of the present invention is vibration multiple-hearth deacidification dehumidifier, and this deacidification dehumidifier comprises the fixed bed of one deck at least in shell and the shell, and it is air inlet that there are the gradually big cavity of opening from bottom to top, its lower port in the fixed bed below.Described cavity is the plane on turbination or pyramid or inclined plane and the shape of cambered surface combination, and the cavity lower port is positioned at the cross-section center place.Thereby improve the material utilization ratio, save the material consumption, and improve the effect of deacidification dehumidifying, this deacidification dehumidifier the applicant apply for a patent, and its patent No. is 200720020341.0.
Activated carbon adsorber is the fixed bed activated carbon adsorber, also is to improve the active carbon utilization ratio, saves activated carbon dosage, and improves the effect of absorption.
Although the present invention has been done detailed explanation, to one skilled in the art, only otherwise leave that the spirit and scope of the present invention can be done various variations or correction is obviously, all should think to be included in the scope of claims.
Claims (8)
1. energy saving economy type rubbish and danger waste incineration disposal method, comprise a combustion chamber primary combustion, dual firing chamber's second-time burning, heat exchange cooling step, deacidification step, dust removal step, adsorption step successively, it is characterized in that, the mode of heating of dual firing chamber is electrical heating, by the hot flue gas that dual firing chamber comes out through second-time burning, part feeds a combustion chamber and dual firing chamber carries out residual heat recovery.
2. energy saving economy type rubbish according to claim 1 and danger waste incineration disposal method, its detailed step is, hot flue gas by dual firing chamber comes out through second-time burning sucks the portion of hot flue gas by the residual heat recovery device by negative pressure, then thermal flue gas back is flow to a combustion chamber, dual firing chamber; The hot flue gas of remainder is through " gas-water " heat exchange mode heat exchange cooling, flue gas after the cooling enters the deacidification dehumidifier and carries out drying, deacidification, carry out dedusting by sack cleaner then, enter activated carbon adsorber again and adsorb, must reach the flue gas of discharge standard at last.
3. energy saving economy type rubbish according to claim 1 and 2 and danger waste incineration disposal method, it is characterized in that, be provided with the electric heater unit that is connected with external power source by lead in the described dual firing chamber, described electric heater unit carries out the Electric heating preheating to the combustion chamber.
4. energy saving economy type rubbish according to claim 3 and danger waste incineration disposal method is characterized in that described electric heater unit is arranged on gas approach side in the combustion chamber.
5. energy saving economy type rubbish according to claim 1 and 2 and danger waste incineration disposal method is characterized in that, waste heat boiler is adopted in described heat exchange cooling.
6. energy saving economy type rubbish according to claim 1 and 2 and danger waste incineration disposal method is characterized in that, vibration multiple-hearth deacidification dehumidifier is adopted in described deacidification.
7. energy saving economy type rubbish according to claim 1 and 2 and danger waste incineration disposal method is characterized in that the fixed bed activated carbon adsorber is adopted in described absorption.
8. energy saving economy type rubbish according to claim 1 and 2 and danger waste incineration disposal method is characterized in that described processing method is the dry method incineration treatment method.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA200910013634XA CN101476730A (en) | 2009-01-13 | 2009-01-13 | Energy-saving rubbish and dangerous waste incineration processing method |
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| CNA200910013634XA CN101476730A (en) | 2009-01-13 | 2009-01-13 | Energy-saving rubbish and dangerous waste incineration processing method |
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| CNA200910013634XA Pending CN101476730A (en) | 2009-01-13 | 2009-01-13 | Energy-saving rubbish and dangerous waste incineration processing method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103697479A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-02 | 王惠生 | Economical, energy-saving and environment-friendly garbage treatment process |
| CN104266196A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2015-01-07 | 王惠生 | Biomass fuel pre-heating technique for garbage incineration treatment |
| CN104421943A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2015-03-18 | 杭州恒超电子科技有限公司 | Environmental friendly disposing technology and system thereof for waste electric motor and other waste containing organic matters |
| CN107138036A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2017-09-08 | 兰州凯特环境技术工程有限公司 | Kaldo Furnace burns electricity/wiring board flue gas purifying method |
| CN107218608A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-09-29 | 苏州宝迪海斯医疗器械技术开发有限公司 | A kind of medical refuse burning processing unit |
| CN108662911A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-10-16 | 遵义中铂硬质合金有限责任公司 | Hard alloy coating stove |
| CN109185895A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-01-11 | 重庆富燃科技股份有限公司 | A kind of system and method handling the aging rubbish of landfill yard |
-
2009
- 2009-01-13 CN CNA200910013634XA patent/CN101476730A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104421943A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2015-03-18 | 杭州恒超电子科技有限公司 | Environmental friendly disposing technology and system thereof for waste electric motor and other waste containing organic matters |
| CN103697479A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-02 | 王惠生 | Economical, energy-saving and environment-friendly garbage treatment process |
| CN104266196A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2015-01-07 | 王惠生 | Biomass fuel pre-heating technique for garbage incineration treatment |
| CN107138036A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2017-09-08 | 兰州凯特环境技术工程有限公司 | Kaldo Furnace burns electricity/wiring board flue gas purifying method |
| CN107218608A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-09-29 | 苏州宝迪海斯医疗器械技术开发有限公司 | A kind of medical refuse burning processing unit |
| CN108662911A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-10-16 | 遵义中铂硬质合金有限责任公司 | Hard alloy coating stove |
| CN109185895A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-01-11 | 重庆富燃科技股份有限公司 | A kind of system and method handling the aging rubbish of landfill yard |
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Open date: 20090708 |