CN101709878B - Rotary kiln refuse incinerator and method for eliminating harmful gas generated from incinerated refuse - Google Patents

Rotary kiln refuse incinerator and method for eliminating harmful gas generated from incinerated refuse Download PDF

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CN101709878B
CN101709878B CN200910258605XA CN200910258605A CN101709878B CN 101709878 B CN101709878 B CN 101709878B CN 200910258605X A CN200910258605X A CN 200910258605XA CN 200910258605 A CN200910258605 A CN 200910258605A CN 101709878 B CN101709878 B CN 101709878B
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rotary kiln
refuse
gas
pipe
fuel
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CN101709878A (en
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张英华
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Abstract

The invention discloses a rotary kiln refuse incinerator and a method for eliminating harmful gas generated from incinerated refuse. Refuse added with pulverized lime is sent into a rotary kiln from a refuse feed port and is then ignited, and a blower is used for providing air for refuse combustion. Fuel gas is pressurized through a fuel gas compressor, then the pressurized fuel gas is sent into a fuel gas pipe, is sprayed out from a fuel gas discharging nozzle above the inside of the rotary kiln and is then ignited for assisting refuse combustion, and a fuel gas blast blower is used for providing air for fuel gas combustion through an air inlet pipe. An electromotor drives the rotary kiln to rotate on a support table, and the refuse and the pulverized lime are taken to a high position by ribs in the rotary kiln and are then dumped, thereby increasing the contact area of the ignited refuse and the air, simultaneously forming acidic harmful gas generated from the pulverized lime and the incinerated refuse to generate a chemical reaction, and eliminating the harmful gas. The refuse discharged from the rotary kiln is roasted and slagged by fuel flames sprayed out from a fuel nozzle arranged below when passing through a furnace rake, and then flows out from a refuse slag outlet, and tail gas is used for firing a boiler after processed through a tail gas incinerator.

Description

The method of rotary kiln refuse incinerator and elimination harmful gas generated from incinerated refuse
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for a kind of rotary kiln refuse incinerator and elimination harmful gas generated from incinerated refuse.
Background technology
The structure and the principle of existing rotary kiln refuse incinerator are as follows: rotary kiln is low early and high after, and rubbish is from the back side top of the rotary kiln rotary kiln of packing into, and the motor drives rotary kiln rotates on brace table, and the rubbish in the rotary kiln is moved forward; At the front end of rotary kiln, fuel pump is extracted the heavy oil in the fuel tank out the pressurization back and is lighted when fuel nozzle sprays into rotary kiln, and the fuel oil air blast provides air for heavy oil combustion, and pressure fan provides air for the further abundant burning and the incineration firing of heavy oil.In the process that rubbish moves forward in rotary kiln, through oven dry, low-temperature burning, high-temp combustion, last roasting slag making, the rubbish slag flows out from slag notch.Tail gas is separated big molecular gas through cyclone separator, carries out second-time burning before sending into the heavy oil flame of rotary kiln front end, and low weight gas is discharged from chimney through induced-draft fan pressurization back.
This kind rotary kiln refuse incinerator has a lot of shortcomings: at first be that efficiency of combustion is low, just rubbish can not burn at short notice, produces a large amount of heats and is used for burning boiler, and the steam of generation is used for generating.Next is to contain a large amount of pernicious gases in the flue gas.Rubbish is when oven dry and low-temperature burning, volatilization and decomposite a large amount of pernicious gases, and cyclone separator is difficult to these gases are all separated, still have a large amount of dioxin and deleterious acidic gases such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide in the flue gas, we can remove these deleterious acidic gas with lime, but can't remove the nitric oxide that produces in this way in the thermal-flame of heavy oil.
The method of eliminating deleterious acidic gas has dry type pulverized limestone method and wet type lime water law, just allows flue gas pass through pulverized limestone or limewash, allows sour gas and lime generation chemical reaction, generates harmless solid calcium salt.
The method of eliminating dioxin has heating: flue gas is heated to more than 800 degree, allows dioxin at high temperature decompose.Burning method: allow flue gas lead to the flame of incinerator, allow flame that dioxin is lighted, burn into micro-molecular gas.
The method of more than eliminating pernicious gas all is to handle afterwards, and just the harmless treatment of the flue gas that produces burning away the refuse needs special equipment, and wants consumes energy and other materials.
Summary of the invention
The method of rotary kiln refuse incinerator of the present invention and elimination harmful gas generated from incinerated refuse can overcome above shortcoming.
Rotary kiln refuse incinerator of the present invention is burned device and is formed by gas compressor, gas valve, gas blowing engine, Gas Pipe, blast pipe, pressure fan, garbage inlet, rotary kiln, motor, brace table, fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel oil air blast, fuel nozzle, furnace rake, the outlet of rubbish slag, tail gas.Rotary kiln is installed on two brace tables, preceding high back is low, the motor drives rotary kiln rotates, there is garbage inlet the top that the rotary kiln front end is equipped with between pressure fan, pressure fan and the revolution sky, many row's fins are arranged on the rotary kiln inwall, there is the blast pipe that Gas Pipe is housed in the pipe to enter and pass the interior top of described rotary kiln, the downside of the blast pipe in the rotary kiln has row's aperture, the nozzle of Gas Pipe stretches out from the aperture of blast pipe, and the space between the nozzle of Gas Pipe and the blast pipe aperture is the outlet of the wind of blast pipe.Downside is equipped with furnace rake outside the rear end of rotary kiln, and furnace rake is tilted to down, and there is fuel nozzle the below of furnace rake.The back lower place of furnace rake is the outlet of rubbish slag, tail gas is housed in the flue of the back upper place of furnace rake burns device, and a heat(ing) coil that adds hot water is being twined in the outside of rotary kiln.Heat(ing) coil is made up of water inlet pipe, water inlet band, intake chamber, water inlet strip of paper used for sealing, heating tube, effluent trough, water outlet strip of paper used for sealing, water outlet band and outlet pipe, intake chamber and effluent trough are two grooves around rotary kiln that a segment distance installs of being separated by in described rotary kiln outside, be stamped a circle water inlet band and a water outlet band respectively at intake chamber with above the effluent trough, be pressed with a water inlet strip of paper used for sealing respectively on the both sides of water inlet band, on the water inlet band water inlet pipe that is connected with intake chamber be housed; The both sides of water outlet band are pressed with a water outlet strip of paper used for sealing respectively, and the outlet pipe that is connected with effluent trough is housed on the water outlet band.A heating tube is being twined in rotary kiln outside between intake chamber and effluent trough, and the water inlet pipe of heating tube and effluent pipe mouth are connected with intake chamber and effluent trough respectively.
Adopt the rotary kiln refuse incinerator of this structure, after we send into rotary kiln to the rubbish that has added pulverized limestone from garbage inlet, light the rubbish in the rotary kiln, starting pressure fan provides air for the rubbish of burning.The motor drives rotary kiln rotates on brace table.Combustion gas through the gas compressor pressurization enters Gas Pipe through gas valve; the ejection of gas nozzle in the rotary kiln is lighted then; the air wind that gas blowing engine is blown into blast pipe blows out from that row's aperture of blast pipe and the space between the gas nozzle; support fuel gas buring, blast pipe protection and cooled off Gas Pipe in the blast pipe.Rubbish in the rotary kiln is added rotary kiln and is rotated under the assistance of gas flame, and the fin in the rotary kiln takes rubbish to eminence topples over, and has increased the rubbish of burning and the contact-making surface of air, makes the burning velocity of rubbish faster.Temperature in the rotary kiln is higher, has improved the efficiency of combustion of rubbish.Furnace temperature reaches more than 800 degree, and the dioxin in the stove will decompose.Because combustion gas and rubbish are in whole rotary kiln internal combustion, decomposite rubbish flame and the gas flame that the fuel gas that comes shrouded in rotary kiln when making fuel gas that heated volatile comes out and incineration firing and light, comprise that the dioxin of generation is also lighted, so ratio of combustion is more abundant.The rotary kiln inner rib plate also takes pulverized limestone to eminence topples over, under the stirring of the wind in pressure fan is sent into rotary kiln, in rotary kiln, form a large amount of lime dusts, these pulverized limestones and the deleterious acidic gas of burning away the refuse and producing, for example: reactions such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen chloride generate harmless calcium salt.Simultaneously, because a large amount of chlorine atoms of above-mentioned consumption of chemical reaction, so do not have a large amount of free chlorine and contain benzene ring substance generation chemical reaction generation dioxin.Therefore the pernicious gas in the flue gas greatly reduces.And the method for this elimination pernicious gas belongs to mid-event control, it is compared with aforementioned processing afterwards to flue gas, more efficient and simple, do not need special equipment, also have a lot of materials and lime reaction to generate harmless calcium salt in the waste incineration process, for example: phosphorus no longer generates the harmful aluminum phosphate and the harmful substance of zinc phosphide with aluminium, zinc reaction.In order to eliminate the harmful substance in the lime-ash after the waste incineration more up hill and dale, we through furnace rake the time, carry out high-temperature roasting, slag making to the cinder that comes out from rotary kiln with fuel oil flame, and the rubbish slag after the processing is from rubbish slag outlet outflow.Fuel pump extracts to spray from fuel nozzle after fuel oil pressurizes from fuel tank and is lighted, and forms high temperature fuel oil flame under the wind that the fuel oil air blast blows out helps.When the flue gas that comes out from rotary kiln enters flue, burned by tail gas and be used for burning boiler after the gas flame burning disposal of device.Water pump is released from water tank and is entered in the heat(ing) coil that is wrapped in the rotary kiln outside after water pressurizes, and water enters the intake chamber from the water inlet pipe of heat(ing) coil, flows into the heating tube from intake chamber again, and the heat heating by rotary kiln spreads out of flows in the effluent trough again; Flow out from outlet pipe at last, in whole process, water inlet pipe, water inlet band, water outlet band and outlet pipe are actionless, intake chamber, water inlet strip of paper used for sealing, heating tube, effluent trough and water outlet strip of paper used for sealing rotate with rotary kiln, sealing between water inlet band and water inlet strip of paper used for sealing, water outlet band and the water outlet strip of paper used for sealing is to make into water band and water inlet strip of paper used for sealing by the hydraulic pressure that enters intake chamber and effluent trough, produces hydrostatic seal between water outlet band and the water outlet strip of paper used for sealing.Send into boiler after the hot water process booster pump supercharging of from heat(ing) coil, coming out.Because lime has been eliminated sour gas and other corrosive substances in the rotary kiln, the heat(ing) coil that is wrapped in the rotary kiln outside has simultaneously reduced the temperature of rotary kiln shell, makes rotary kiln be not easy corrosion, has prolonged the service life of rotary kiln.Owing to can not produce superhigh temperature during waste incineration, so use the rotary kiln refuse incinerator of the present invention Shi Buhui that burns away the refuse to produce nitric oxide gas.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing rotary kiln refuse incinerator.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of rotary kiln refuse incinerator of the present invention and corollary equipment.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of rotary kiln of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the cut-away view of rotary kiln of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of heat(ing) coil of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the cut-away view of heat(ing) coil of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the cut-away view that tail gas of the present invention burns device.
The specific embodiment:
Existing rotary kiln refuse incinerator structural representation shown in Figure 1, we send into rubbish the rotary kiln from the back upper place of rotary kiln, fuel oil flame sprays into rotary kiln from the rotary kiln front end, the motor drives rotary kiln rotates on brace table, rubbish in the rotary kiln moves forward from the rotary kiln rear end, and rubbish is through oven dry.Low-temperature burning, high-temp combustion, the roasting slag making, the rubbish slag flows out from the outlet of rotary kiln front end rubbish slag.Before big molecule fuel gas that the rubbish oven dry time evaporates and rubbish decomposite when low-temperature burning and separate and send into fuel oil flame through cyclone separator after the big molecule fuel gas that comes comes out from the rotary kiln rear end, after the fuel oil flame ignition, second-time burning.Remaining flue gas removes dust through deduster, and pressurization is arranged to the high-altitude from chimney through induced-draft fan again.
The structural representation of rotary kiln refuse incinerator of the present invention shown in Figure 2 and corollary equipment thereof, it is made up of rotary kiln refuse incinerator, steam electric power generator, biogas generating device.Rotary kiln refuse incinerator burns device 17 by gas compressor 1, gas valve 2, gas blowing engine 3, Gas Pipe 4, blast pipe 5, pressure fan 6, garbage inlet 7, rotary kiln 8, motor 9, brace table 10, fuel tank 11, fuel pump 12, fuel oil air blast 13, fuel nozzle 14, furnace rake 15, the outlet 16 of rubbish slag and tail gas and forms.Steam electric power generator is made up of water tank 18, water pump 19, heat(ing) coil 20, booster pump 21, boiler 22, steam turbine 23, generator 24, deduster 25 and induced-draft fan 26.Biogas generating device by methane-generating pit 27, add warm-air pipe 28, forage charging aperture 29, biogas slag outlet 30, biogas pipe 31, stir compressor 32 and blender gas nozzle 33 is formed.
Shown in Figure 2, we send into forage the methane-generating pit 27 from forage charging aperture 29, and biogas comes out from biogas pipe 31, and the biogas slag is discharged from biogas slag outlet 30.In order to improve the generation rate of biogas, stir compressor 32 and extract of blender gas nozzle 33 ejections of biogas pressurization back from methane-generating pit 27 upper ends from methane-generating pit 27 bottoms, stir methane liquid, thereby discharge more biogas.
Fig. 2 is shown in Figure 3, and we send into the rubbish that has added pulverized limestone the rotary kiln 8 from garbage inlet 7, and lights the rubbish in the rotary kiln 8, and starting pressure fan 6 provides air for the rubbish that burns.Actuating motor 9 drives rotary kilns 8 and rotates on brace table 10, and the fin on rotary kiln 8 inwalls takes pulverized limestone and rubbish to eminence topples over, and has increased the contact area of rubbish and air, and rubbish is burnt more fully.Topple over the pulverized limestone that gets off and in rotary kiln 8, forming a large amount of lime dusts under the stirring of the wind that pressure fan 6 blows out, these lime dusts generate harmless calcium salt with the deleterious acidic gas generation chemical reaction that produces of burning away the refuse, wherein, hydrogen chloride and lime reaction generate calcium chloride, so just eliminate hydrogen chloride and contained benzene ring substance generation chemical reaction, generated dioxin.
Shown in Figure 2, the biogas that methane-generating pit 27 produces is transported to the combustion gas liquid compressor 1 from biogas pipe 31 as combustion gas, start gas compressor 1, open gas valve 2, combustion gas enters in the Gas Pipe 4 in the rotary kiln 8, also entering tail gas burns in the device 17 (shown in Figure 7), the ejection back is lighted from gas nozzle, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, start gas blowing engine 3, wind is sent in the blast pipe 5 in the rotary kiln 8, from row's aperture of blast pipe 5 and the space between the gas nozzle, blow out then, support combustion gas in rotary kiln 8 internal combustion, flow air has been cooled off the Gas Pipe 4 in the blast pipe 5 in the blast pipe 5.Under the assistance of gas flame, the incineration firing in the rotary kiln 8 more fierce decomposites the fuel gas that comes when the thermal-flame of rotary kiln also can be lighted incineration firing simultaneously.Comprise that dioxin is also lighted.
Shown in Figure 2, fuel pump 12 is lighted from fuel nozzle 14 ejection backs after extracting fuel oil out pressurization from fuel tank 11, and fuel oil air blast 13 provides sufficient air for fuel oil flame.The rubbish ash that burnt flows out from rotary kiln 8; During through furnace rake 15,, flow out from rubbish slag outlet 16 then by the slag making of fuel oil flame roasting.Fuel oil flame is the flue gas heating to coming out from rotary kiln 8 also, and the dioxin in the flue gas is decomposed.The burning disposal that flue gas burns the gas flame of device 17 (shown in Figure 7) through tail gas, the dioxin in further removing smoke, the flue gas after the processing are used for burning boiler 22.
Shown in Figure 2, water pump 19 is sent in the heat(ing) coil 20 extract water, pressurization out from water tank 18 after, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, heat(ing) coil 20 be by water inlet pipe 201, water inlet band 202, intake chamber 203, water inlet strip of paper used for sealing 204, heating tube 205, effluent trough 206, water outlet strip of paper used for sealing 207, water outlet band 208 and outlet pipe 209 are formed.Water enters the intake chamber 203 with the interface that water inlet pipe seals with 202 from the water inlet pipe 201 of heat(ing) coil 20, article two, water inlet strip of paper used for sealing 204 is pressed in into water band 202 both sides respectively, intake chamber 203 and water inlet strip of paper used for sealing 204 rotate with rotary kiln 8, water inlet pipe 201 and water inlet kiln envelope are with 202 transfixions, enter the pressure of water in the intake chamber 203, make between water band 202 and the water inlet strip of paper used for sealing 204 and produce hydrostatic seal, avoid leaking.One end of heating tube 205 communicates with intake chamber 203; Water enters in the heating tube 205 that is wrapped in rotary kiln 8 outsides and is heated, water after the heating enters effluent trough 206 from the other end of heating tube 205, flow out from the outlet pipe 209 that joins with water outlet band 208 then, article two, below water outlet strip of paper used for sealing 207 is pressed in the both sides of water outlet band 208, produce the effect of hydrostatic seal, effluent trough 206 and water outlet strip of paper used for sealing rotate water outlet band 208 and outlet pipe 209 transfixions with rotary kiln 8.Shown in Figure 2, after hot water process booster pump 21 superchargings that heat(ing) coil comes out, enter the boiler 22, the steam that boiler 22 generates promotes steam turbine 23 and rotates, and drives generator 24 generatings.After the bled steam of band waste heats is handled through deduster 25 after burning down the flue gas of boiler 22 and promoting steam turbine 23 rotations, again through after induced-draft fan 26 pressurization, send into and add in the warm-air pipe 28, methane-generating pit 27 heating, even like this in winter, methane-generating pit 27 also can produce biogas.Heat(ing) coil 20 has absorbed the heat of rotary kiln 8, has reduced the temperature of rotary kiln 8, adds pulverized limestone and has eliminated deleterious acidic gas and acidic materials at high temperature to the corrosion of rotary kiln 8, has prolonged the service life of rotary kiln 8.
Rotary kiln refuse incinerator of the present invention is not considering also to use natural gas or oil liquefied gas as the combustion gas of assisting incineration firing under the condition of cost.Also can change combustion gas into fuel oil, utilize the Gas Pipe heating in the blast pipe 5 in rotary kiln 8 to make fuel gasification, form ejection with gas, be lighted, its effect is equivalent to the flame of kerosene blastburne ejection.For example: inflate in coal oilcan with air compressor machine, allow kerosene and the compressed air be ejection from nozzle together, kerosene is fully burnt, also added coal dust in the rubbish in the past, increase furnace temperature.

Claims (4)

1. a rotary kiln refuse incinerator is by pressure fan, garbage inlet, rotary kiln, motor, brace table, fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel nozzle, the fuel oil air blast, furnace rake, outlet of rubbish slag and tail gas burn device and form, high back is low before the rotary kiln, be installed on the brace table, pressure fan is at the rotary kiln front end, garbage inlet is above between pressure fan and the rotary kiln, downside is equipped with furnace rake outside the rotary kiln rear end, furnace rake is downward-sloping, fuel nozzle is below furnace rake, the outlet of rubbish slag is in the back lower place of furnace rake, tail gas burns device in the smoke exhaust pipe of furnace rake back upper place, it is characterized in that: have the blast pipe (5) that Gas Pipe (4) are housed in the pipe to enter, and pass top in the described rotary kiln (8), the downside of the blast pipe (5) in the rotary kiln (8) has row's aperture, the nozzle of Gas Pipe (4) stretches out from the aperture of blast pipe (5), and the space between the aperture of the nozzle of Gas Pipe (4) and blast pipe (5) is the outlet of the wind of blast pipe (5); Fin has delegation at least on described rotary kiln (8) inwall, and the heat(ing) coil (20) that is used for adding hot water is being twined in the outside of described rotary kiln (8).
2. according to the described rotary kiln refuse incinerator of claim 1; It is characterized in that: the wind of described blast pipe (5) lining is to be provided by gas blowing engine (3); The combustion gas of described Gas Pipe (4) lining is provided by gas compressor (1).
3. according to the described rotary kiln refuse incinerator of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described heat(ing) coil (20) is by water inlet pipe (201), water inlet band (202), intake chamber (203), water inlet strip of paper used for sealing (204), heating tube (205), effluent trough (206), water outlet strip of paper used for sealing (207), water outlet band (208) and outlet pipe (209) are formed, described intake chamber (203) and effluent trough (206) are two grooves around described rotary kiln (8) that a segment distance installs of being separated by in described rotary kiln (8) outside, be stamped a circle described water inlet band (202) and a water outlet band (208) respectively at described intake chamber (203) with above the effluent trough (206), be pressed with described water inlet strip of paper used for sealing (204) on the both sides of described water inlet band (202) respectively, the described water inlet pipe (201) that is connected with described intake chamber (203) is housed on the described water inlet band (202); Described water outlet band (208) both sides are pressed with described water outlet strip of paper used for sealing (207) respectively, the described outlet pipe (209) that communicates with described effluent trough (206) is housed on the described water outlet band (208), a described heating tube (205) is being twined in described rotary kiln (8) outside between described intake chamber (203) and effluent trough (206), and the entry mouth of pipe of described heating tube (205) and effluent pipe mouth are connected with described intake chamber (203) and effluent trough (206) respectively.
4. method of eliminating the described rotary kiln refuse incinerator harmful gas generated from incinerated refuse of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the rubbish that has added pulverized limestone is sent into the rotary kiln (8) from described garbage inlet (7), motor (9) drives rotary kiln (8) and rotates, fin on rotary kiln (8) inwall takes rubbish and pulverized limestone to eminence topples over, form the large quantities of lime dust under the stirring of the wind in pressure fan (6) is blown into rotary kiln (8), the deleterious acidic gas of burning away the refuse in these lime dusts and the rotary kiln (8) and producing, comprise sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen chloride, chemical reaction taking place form harmless calcium salt, has stoped hydrogen chloride simultaneously and contained benzene ring substance reaction generation dioxin.
CN200910258605XA 2009-12-05 2009-12-05 Rotary kiln refuse incinerator and method for eliminating harmful gas generated from incinerated refuse Expired - Fee Related CN101709878B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103397127B (en) * 2013-07-28 2014-12-10 张英华 Smelting reduction ironmaking device and ironmaking method
CN107178785A (en) * 2017-07-28 2017-09-19 贵州富燃环保科技有限公司 A kind of circulating fluid bed garbage furnace
CN115789652A (en) * 2023-01-09 2023-03-14 石家庄斯凯福科技有限公司 Convenient type garbage incinerator

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4359005A (en) * 1979-06-25 1982-11-16 Energy Incorporated Fluidized bed incineration of waste
JP2004219028A (en) * 2003-01-17 2004-08-05 Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd Treating method and facility for substance causing generation of acidic gas
CN1644988A (en) * 2004-12-27 2005-07-27 浙江大学 Medical refuse burning system combining rotary furnace with circulating fluidized bed
CN101101120A (en) * 2007-07-27 2008-01-09 福建省丰泉环保设备有限公司 Double-loop double-pyrogenation incinerator for garbage harmless treatment and its usage method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4359005A (en) * 1979-06-25 1982-11-16 Energy Incorporated Fluidized bed incineration of waste
JP2004219028A (en) * 2003-01-17 2004-08-05 Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd Treating method and facility for substance causing generation of acidic gas
CN1644988A (en) * 2004-12-27 2005-07-27 浙江大学 Medical refuse burning system combining rotary furnace with circulating fluidized bed
CN101101120A (en) * 2007-07-27 2008-01-09 福建省丰泉环保设备有限公司 Double-loop double-pyrogenation incinerator for garbage harmless treatment and its usage method

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