CN101476470B - Water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel - Google Patents
Water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN101476470B CN101476470B CN2009100581598A CN200910058159A CN101476470B CN 101476470 B CN101476470 B CN 101476470B CN 2009100581598 A CN2009100581598 A CN 2009100581598A CN 200910058159 A CN200910058159 A CN 200910058159A CN 101476470 B CN101476470 B CN 101476470B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a process for a tunnel water proofing and water drainage cover, which belongs to the technical field of tunnel water proofing. The invention aims to provide the process which can drastically solve the problem of tunnel seepage, prolong the service life of the tunnel, reduce the cost and shorten the working period. The process comprises the following steps: arranging an anchor rod and erecting a steel arc frame after the tunnel is dug; hanging a steel reinforcement net on a steel arc frame; arranging a waterproof and water draining layer outside the steel reinforcement net; fixing the waterproof and water draining layer on the steel reinforcement net; covering the whole dug surface of the tunnel by adopting a material which has a wave-shaped cross section and can be closely attached to concrete integrally; preburying water draining pipelines outside the waterproof and water draining layer; arranging sheet stones or screes into the gaps between the waterproof and water draining layer and a dug surface of a hill body; forming an initial support on the inner side of the waterproof and water draining layer by permeating the steel reinforcement net and spraying the concrete, wherein the initial support is closely attached to the waterproof and water draining layer integrally to accommodate the steel reinforcement net; laying out a secondary waterproof layer on the initial support; and finally, carrying out the secondary tunnel lining on the secondary waterproof layer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the tunnel water proofing technical field, be specifically related to a kind of tunnel water proofing draining room lid new technology.
Background technology
Constructing tunnel is very high to the requirement of waterproof.For improving waterproof quality, the composite lining structures that adopt in the present construction both domestic and external: first floor is that sprayed mortar forms preliminary bracing on the section of massif more, in the supporting in the early stage waterproofing course is set then, sprayed mortar becomes secondary lining on waterproofing course at last.The waterproofing course that various researchs and construction are placed on notice between preliminary bracing and secondary lining is mostly made, therefore the new material and the new method of having invented multiple making tunnel waterproofing layer.Though prior art provides the manufacturing technology of multiple waterproofing course, fundamentally do not solve the seepage problem in tunnel, completion back, in the construction and tunnel seepage problem still exists.One of performance: the influence of always being seeped water in the work progress.The preliminary bracing that prior art provides directly links to each other with the excavation face of massif mostly, owing to constantly have water to ooze out in the massif, influence solidifying of preliminary bracing, even make concrete come off, run off, cause raw material and cost of labor to increase, claim for eot be the more important thing is the quality that influences preliminary bracing, and then influences the quality in whole tunnel.Two of performance: the influence of being seeped water equally after the tunnel completion.Though tunnel completion, but still constantly there is water to ooze out in the massif, and the water that oozes out is directly to preliminary bracing, the hydraulic pressure that the water that is subjected to the erosion of water for a long time and oozes out produces preliminary bracing all will influence the quality of preliminary bracing, in addition in the work progress because the influence of infiltration generation when preliminary bracing formed, cause the quality of preliminary bracing further to descend, life-span reduces, and then can have influence on life-span of waterproofing course life-span and secondary lining, finally have influence on the life-span in whole tunnel, infiltration enters the tunnel and damages facility in the tunnel.
At present, in prior art and the concrete construction, just discharged before there is no a kind of water that massif is oozed out supporting forming in the early stage, accomplish anhydrous construction by drainage, and the influence of not seeped water equally after the tunnel completion, fundamentally solve the correlation technique data of tunnel seepage problem.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defective that exists in the prior art, a kind of tunnel water proofing draining room lid new technology that fundamentally solves the tunnel seepage problem is provided, the water that this technology is oozed out massif is just discharged by drainage before supporting forms in the early stage, preliminary bracing is constructed under anhydrous state, improve the preliminary bracing quality, the influence that the tunnel after the completion is not seeped water prolongs tunnel application life, reduce cost the reduction of erection time.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.According to a kind of water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel provided by the present invention, comprise the following steps: tunnel excavation after, beat anchor pole, found the steel bow member; On the steel bow member, hang steel mesh reinforcement; Steel mesh reinforcement is provided with the water-proof drainage layer outward: this water-proof drainage layer is fixed on the steel mesh reinforcement, and adopting energy and concrete tight bond is that one and cross section are the material of wavy shaped configuration, covers the excavation face in whole tunnel; The water-proof drainage layer is embedded with drainage pipe outward, is used for massif infiltration drawn entering the gutter; Slabstone or cobble are filled in slit between water-proof drainage layer and massif; See through the steel mesh reinforcement sprayed mortar at water-proof drainage layer medial surface and form preliminary bracing, this preliminary bracing and described water-proof drainage layer tight bond are one and steel mesh reinforcement are comprised wherein; Prop up the mask upper berth in the early stage and establish the secondary waterproofing course; On the secondary waterproofing course, carry out secondary lining at last.
Described water-proof drainage layer adopts the cement asbestos shingle, and the connection between two rows cement asbestos shingle is adopted outside the row of the going up asbestos shingle lower end and taken the upper end that overlaps down row's asbestos shingle, and lap is long to be the 80-120 millimeter, and wave-like matches.Be provided with aperture at evagination position on the cement asbestos shingle with respect to steel mesh reinforcement, be used for the cement asbestos shingle with steel mesh reinforcement colligation be in the same place.Hole diameter is a φ 1-2 millimeter, 4-6 colligation position is set on every watt.It is long that the cement asbestos shingle is of a size of 0.6-3.0 rice, and 0.38-2.5 rice is wide, the 3-15 millimeters thick.Described water-proof drainage layer also can adopt glass watt, and the connection between two rows glass watt is adopted and taken the upper end that overlaps down row's glass watt outside the row of the going up glass watt lower end, and lap is long to be the 80-120 millimeter, and wave-like matches.Glass watt is gone up and is provided with aperture at the evagination position with respect to steel mesh reinforcement, be used for glass watt with steel mesh reinforcement colligation be in the same place.Hole diameter is a φ 1-2 millimeter, 4-6 colligation position is set on every watt.It is long that glass watt is of a size of 0.6-3.0 rice, and 0.38-2.5 rice is wide, the 0.1-5 millimeters thick.
Described pre-buried drainage pipe also can be arranged between preliminary bracing and the secondary waterproofing course simultaneously.
The present invention compared with prior art has following outstanding substantive distinguishing features and obvious improvement.
At first, can find out by technical scheme of the present invention, the present invention is provided with the water-proof drainage layer that one deck has the waveform cross section, covers whole tunnel excavation face earlier before supporting forms in the early stage, and in the slit between water-proof drainage layer and the tunnel excavation face, add slabstone or cobble to increase bulk strength, see through the steel mesh reinforcement sprayed mortar at this water-proof drainage layer medial surface then and form preliminary bracing.So, before supporting forms in the early stage, this water-proof drainage layer just excavates massif face keeps apart with steel bow member and steel mesh reinforcement, the groove of water-proof drainage layer wavy shaped configuration has guide functions, the water that massif oozes out flows directly on the water-proof drainage layer by slabstone or the cobble of dosing between water-proof drainage layer and massif, entering pre-buried drainage pipe along the groove of wavy shaped configuration again discharges and enters the gutter, and can not flow on steel bow member and the steel mesh reinforcement, steel bow member and steel mesh reinforcement can not corroded because of immersion, guarantee intensity, improved the preliminary bracing quality.Just kept apart by the water-proof drainage layer fully this moment between preliminary bracing that water-proof drainage layer medial surface sprayed mortar forms and massif excavation face, preliminary bracing is constructed under anhydrous state, having remedied existingly in the prior art directly influences solidifying of preliminary bracing because of seeping water to preliminary bracing face, even concrete is come off, run off, cause raw material and cost of labor to increase, claim for eot, the more important thing is the quality that influences preliminary bracing, and then influence whole tunnel this shortcoming of quality, preliminary bracing quality and tunnel quality have been improved greatly, prolong the tunnel life-span, reduced cost, accelerated construction speed.
Secondly, because it can be the material of one with the concrete tight bond that this water-proof drainage layer adopts, and the concrete that preliminary bracing when construction sprays sees through steel mesh reinforcement and forms at water-proof drainage layer medial surface, after preliminary bracing forms like this is one with this water-proof drainage layer tight bond just, and steel mesh reinforcement comprised wherein, improved the intensity of water-proof drainage layer greatly, can not damage and leak because intensity is low; The Wave-shaped structural in this water-proof drainage layer outside still exists simultaneously, to the long-term guide functions that rises of the massif infiltration after the tunnel completion, infiltration enters sewer pipe by the groove of Wave-shaped structural, can not form hydraulic pressure and make its destruction at the water-proof drainage layer, more can not enter into preliminary bracing layer, secondary waterproofing course and secondary lining, fundamentally solve the seepage problem in tunnel, finally improved tunnel quality and application life.
The 3rd, pre-buried drainage pipe also can be arranged between preliminary bracing and the secondary waterproofing course simultaneously, so be on the tunnel drainage dual fail-safe, even enter into the secondary waterproofing course just in case there is a small amount of infiltration to prop up expansion by the initial stage, also can in time be discharged, can ponding and destroy the secondary waterproofing course.
The 4th, from technical solution of the present invention as can be seen, this water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel is provided with double-deck waterproof, one is the water-proof drainage layer in the preliminary bracing outside, one is the secondary waterproofing course of preliminary bracing inboard, the former water-proof drainage effect highly significant, the dual fail-safe anti-waterborne that is set to the tunnel of double-deck waterproof, significantly improved the waterproof ability in tunnel, no matter be subjected to other external force effect, or the secondary lining slight deformation, the tunnel can not seep water, solve the seepage problem in tunnel fully, significantly improved the tunnel quality, prolonged tunnel application life.
The 5th, from technical solution of the present invention as can be seen, this water-proof drainage layer is made simple, and easy to operate, cost is low, and the water-proof drainage effect is remarkable.
This water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel is suitable for any tunnel.All water-proof drainage house cover process with feature of the present invention all fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for utilizing the tunnel structure schematic diagram of most preferred embodiment of the present invention (water mud asbestos shingle is made the water-proof drainage layer).
Each deck position view that Fig. 2 comprises for the present invention.
Fig. 3 is cement asbestos shingle and the colligation hole site schematic diagram that most preferred embodiment of the present invention adopted.
Fig. 4 is an A-A sectional view among Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is outer lapping connected mode schematic diagram between each row's asbestos shingle
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and most preferred embodiment.The water-proof drainage layer of most preferred embodiment of the present invention adopt the cement asbestos shingle successively beyond the mode of lapping be formed by connecting, as shown in Figure 1.Its forming process comprises following steps: behind the tunnel excavation, beat anchor pole, upright steel bow member 1; On steel bow member 1, hang steel mesh reinforcement 2, also can save upright steel bow member 1 this link, directly reinforcement placing net 2 according to the actual conditions of massif when specifically constructing; Water-proof drainage layer (cement asbestos shingle) 3 is set in steel mesh reinforcement 2 outsides: this water-proof drainage layer (cement asbestos shingle) 3 is fixed on the steel mesh reinforcement 2, energy and concrete tight bond are that one and cross section are wavy shaped configuration, shape as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, cement asbestos shingle size range can adopt 0.6-3.0 rice long, 0.38-2.5 rice is wide, the 3-15 millimeters thick, during construction, last row's asbestos shingle is taken the upper end that overlaps down row's asbestos shingle outside the lower end, lap is long to be the 80-120 millimeter, and wave-like matches, the advantage of this overlapping mode is to make infiltration flow down discharge and can not flow into the asbestos shingle inboard by joint along the groove in the asbestos shingle outside, the aperture 8 that utilizes on the cement asbestos shingle 3 the evagination position with respect to steel mesh reinforcement 2 to be provided with simultaneously, with cement asbestos shingle 3 with steel mesh reinforcement 2 colligations be in the same place, hole diameter is a φ 1-2 millimeter, for colligation solid, 4-6 colligation position is set on the every cement asbestos shingle, like this, just with cement asbestos shingle 3 as the past loam cake of building a house in layer, up to covering whole steel mesh reinforcement 2, simultaneously also covered the excavation face (massif excavation face) 5 in whole tunnel, as be all whole tunnel and covered the room lid with water-proof drainage function; The facility that matches with cement asbestos shingle drain function is to be embedded with drainage pipe 6 in its lower section, the massif infiltration is discharged enter gutter 7; Fill slabstone or cobble 4 in the slit of 5 in cement asbestos shingle 3 and massif excavation face, to increase bulk strength, this moment, the construction of steel mesh reinforcement 2 outside decks was finished substantially; Next carry out the construction of steel mesh reinforcement 2 inboards, at first see through the steel mesh reinforcement sprayed mortar at water-proof drainage layer medial surface and form preliminary bracing 9, this preliminary bracing 9 is integral with cement asbestos shingle 3 tight bond, and steel mesh reinforcement 2 is comprised wherein; Lay secondary waterproofing course 10 then in the supporting in the early stage 9; On secondary waterproofing course 10, carry out secondary lining 11 at last.Finish to the water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel step that this application most preferred embodiment of the present invention----water mud asbestos shingle is done the water-proof drainage layer.
Figure 2 shows that each deck position view that the present invention comprises, is in order understand to use each deck position and the effect of constructing tunnel when of the present invention better.As can be seen from the figure, inwardly arrange, be followed successively by: massif excavation face 5, the slabstone of filling or cobble 4, water-proof drainage layer (cement asbestos shingle) 3, steel mesh reinforcement 2, preliminary bracing 9, secondary waterproofing course 10, secondary lining 11 from 5 beginnings of massif excavation face.What any was described is, each deck positional alignment sequential schematic when this figure just constructs, and after the construction, preliminary bracing 9 will be one and steel mesh reinforcement 2 comprised wherein with water-proof drainage layer (cement asbestos shingle) 3 tight bond.
From the detailed description of above-mentioned most preferred embodiment as can be seen, before the present invention's supporting in the early stage 9 forms one deck is set earlier and has the waveform cross section, cover the water-proof drainage layer 3 of whole massif excavation face 5, it is cement asbestos tile-roofed house cap rock, see through the steel mesh reinforcement sprayed mortar at these water-proof drainage layer 3 medial surfaces then and form preliminary bracing 9, so, before supporting in the early stage 9 forms, this water-proof drainage layer 3 just excavates massif face 5 keeps apart with steel bow member 1 and steel mesh reinforcement 2, the groove of water-proof drainage layer 3 wavy shaped configuration has guide functions, the water that massif oozes out excavates 5 slabstones of dosing of face by water-proof drainage layer 3 and massif or cobble 4 flows directly on the water-proof drainage layer 3, entering pre-buried drainage pipe 6 along the groove of wavy shaped configuration again discharges and enters gutter 7, and can not flow on steel bow member 1 and the steel mesh reinforcement 2, steel bow member 1 and steel mesh reinforcement 2 can not corroded because of immersion, guarantee intensity, improved the preliminary bracing quality.Just kept apart by water-proof drainage layer 3 fully this moment between preliminary bracing 9 that water-proof drainage layer 3 medial surface sprayed mortar form and massif excavation face 5, preliminary bracing 9 is constructed under anhydrous state, having remedied existingly in the prior art directly influences solidifying of preliminary bracing because of seeping water to preliminary bracing face, even concrete is come off, run off, cause raw material and cost of labor to increase, claim for eot, the more important thing is the quality that influences preliminary bracing, and then influence whole tunnel this shortcoming of quality, preliminary bracing quality and tunnel quality have been improved greatly, prolong the tunnel life-span, reduced cost, accelerated construction speed.
Because cement asbestos shingle 3 can be an one with the concrete tight bond, and preliminary bracing 9 sees through the medial surface formation of steel mesh reinforcement 2 at cement asbestos shingle 3, and steel mesh reinforcement 2 comprised wherein, after preliminary bracing 9 forms like this is one with cement asbestos shingle 3 tight bond just, improved the intensity of cement asbestos shingle 3 greatly, like this, whole cement asbestos tile-roofed house cap rock can not damage because intensity is low and leak; The Wave-shaped structural in cement asbestos shingle 3 outsides still exists simultaneously, to the long-term guide functions that rises of the massif infiltration after the tunnel completion, the groove of infiltration by Wave-shaped structural enters pre-buried drainage pipe 6 and discharges and enter gutter 7, can on cement asbestos shingle 3, not form hydraulic pressure and make its destruction, more can not enter into preliminary bracing layer 9, secondary waterproofing course 10 and secondary lining 11, fundamentally solved the seepage problem in tunnel, the water resistance in tunnel is significantly improved, finally improved tunnel quality and application life.
Technical solution of the present invention is that the tunnel is provided with double-deck waterproof, one is the water-proof drainage layer (cement asbestos shingle) 3 in preliminary bracing 9 outsides, one is the secondary waterproofing course 10 of preliminary bracing 9 inboards, the former water-proof drainage effect highly significant, the dual fail-safe anti-waterborne that is set to the tunnel of double-deck waterproof, significantly improved the waterproof ability in tunnel, no matter be subjected to other external force effect, or secondary lining 11 slight deformation, the tunnel can not seep water, solve the seepage problem in tunnel fully, significantly improved the tunnel quality, prolonged tunnel application life.
Cement asbestos shingle itself is made simple, and low price is easy to operate in the construction that is used for tunnel water proofing draining room cap rock, and the water-proof drainage effect is remarkable, is suitable for the water-proof drainage setting in any tunnel simultaneously, a kind of good selection of can yet be regarded as.
An alternative embodiment of the invention is to adopt glass watt to make the tunnel water proofing drainage blanket, and its shape, function, operation, the water-proof drainage effect that had etc. are all identical with the cement asbestos shingle, do not repeat them here.
The present invention is suitable for any tunnel.
Claims (12)
1. water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel, comprise the following steps: tunnel excavation after, beat anchor pole, upright steel bow member; Hang steel mesh reinforcement on the steel bow member; Steel mesh reinforcement is provided with the water-proof drainage layer outward: this water-proof drainage layer is fixed on the steel mesh reinforcement, and adopting energy and concrete tight bond is that one and cross section are the material of wavy shaped configuration, covers the excavation face in whole tunnel; The water-proof drainage layer is embedded with drainage pipe outward; Fill slabstone or cobble between the slit of water-proof drainage layer and massif excavation face; See through the steel mesh reinforcement sprayed mortar at water-proof drainage layer medial surface and form preliminary bracing, this preliminary bracing and described water-proof drainage layer tight bond are that the one well comprises steel mesh reinforcement wherein; Prop up the mask upper berth in the early stage and establish the secondary waterproofing course; On the secondary waterproofing course, carry out secondary lining at last.
2. a kind of water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described water-proof drainage layer adopts the cement asbestos shingle, and the connection between two rows cement asbestos shingle is adopted outside the row of the going up asbestos shingle lower end and taken the upper end that overlaps down row's asbestos shingle, and wave-like matches.
3. a kind of water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the lap of lap joint length is the 80-120 millimeter between described two rows asbestos shingle.
4. a kind of water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, is provided with aperture at the evagination position with respect to steel mesh reinforcement on the described cement asbestos shingle, be used for the cement asbestos shingle with steel mesh reinforcement colligation be in the same place.
5. a kind of water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, the hole diameter on the described cement asbestos shingle is a φ 1-2 millimeter, 4-6 colligation position is set on every watt.
6. a kind of water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, it is long that described cement asbestos shingle is of a size of 0.6-3.0 rice, and 0.38-2.5 rice is wide, the 3-15 millimeters thick.
7. a kind of water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described water-proof drainage layer adopts glass watt, and the connection between two row's glasses watt is adopted to take outside the row of the going up glass watt lower end and overlapped down the upper end of arranging glass watt, and wave-like matches.
8. a kind of water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, the lap of lap joint is the 80-120 millimeter between described two rows glass watt.
9. a kind of water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described glass watt is gone up and is provided with aperture at the evagination position with respect to steel mesh reinforcement, be used for glass watt with steel mesh reinforcement colligation be in the same place.
10. a kind of water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, the hole diameter on the described glass watt is a φ 1-2 millimeter, 4-6 colligation position is set on every watt.
11. a kind of water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, it is long that described glass watt is of a size of 0.6-3.0 rice, and 0.38-2.5 rice is wide, the 0.1-5 millimeters thick.
12. a kind of water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described pre-buried drainage pipe is arranged between preliminary bracing and the secondary waterproofing course simultaneously.
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| CN2009100581598A CN101476470B (en) | 2009-01-16 | 2009-01-16 | Water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel |
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| CN2009100581598A CN101476470B (en) | 2009-01-16 | 2009-01-16 | Water-proof drainage house cover process for tunnel |
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| CN101476470A CN101476470A (en) | 2009-07-08 |
| CN101476470B true CN101476470B (en) | 2011-04-13 |
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| CN106894830B (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2019-10-18 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of double curvature arch supporting construction and construction method for underground engineering |
| CN107060879A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-08-18 | 衡水旗舰桥隧橡塑有限公司 | A kind of easily paving hung type drain bar and its installation method |
| CN108868826B (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2023-11-17 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Construction method of ribbed primary support structure of tunnel water burst section |
| CN109296388A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-02-01 | 苏群健 | A kind of rail traffic tunnel edge closed device |
| CN110821530A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-21 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Non-expanding excavation type tunnel water burst and support treatment method |
| CN111058875B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-05-11 | 山东科技大学 | Coal mine roof waterproof method and waterproof flow guide device |
| CN113027468A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-06-25 | 中交一公局集团有限公司 | Tunnel small-size enlarging reinforcing structure and construction method |
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