CN101475964B - Novel wood fiber raw material anaerobic fermentation process - Google Patents
Novel wood fiber raw material anaerobic fermentation process Download PDFInfo
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- CN101475964B CN101475964B CN2009100281998A CN200910028199A CN101475964B CN 101475964 B CN101475964 B CN 101475964B CN 2009100281998 A CN2009100281998 A CN 2009100281998A CN 200910028199 A CN200910028199 A CN 200910028199A CN 101475964 B CN101475964 B CN 101475964B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses a wood fiber raw material anaerobic fermentation technology, including: crushing the wood fiber raw material, adding into a single-phase anaerobic reactor, and adding the inoculum for inoculation, mixing; regulating the TS load to 2 - 8%, sealing the reactor, performing anaerobic fermentation to produce methane; taking out the wood fiber raw materials in the anaerobic reactor after the peak of gas production, airing; using the NaOH solution to soak the raw materials; adjusting the pH of the wood fiber raw material after soaking to 6.8 - 7.5, adding the inoculum for fermentation inoculation once again. The invention performs anaerobic fermentation once more to the wood fiber raw material after anaerobic pre fermentation and alkali soaking to produce methane, the alkali consumption is decreased by 50 percent on the precondition that the wood fiber raw material biology conversion rate is largely elevated, the aerogenes cycle is considerable to that of the traditional alkali soaking pre-treatment, and the acid inhibitory effect is avoided in the anaerobic fermentation process, thereby having good economic and environmental benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to renewable energy source development and use and field of environment protection, be specifically related to a kind of wood fiber raw material anaerobic fermentation technology.
Background technology
In fossil energy gradually exhausted today, energy shortage becomes increasingly conspicuous to the influence in the whole world, and the world begins sight is gathered newborn energy field.In many new forms of energy such as sun power, nuclear energy, water energy, biomass energy, biomass energy is safe, the most stable energy, also is the new energy field that present state key is encouraged.Biomass resource is huge in the world, and is of a great variety, comprises all terrestrial plants, waterplant, human and animal's movement and industrial organism etc.In various biomass for human use, lignocellulose raw material accounts for the overwhelming majority wherein.At present, the approach of lignocellulose raw material recovery energy mainly comprises: burn, gasify, ferment producing and ethanol, biofuel and anaerobic gas generation etc. are several.Compare with other transformation technology, anaerobic gas generation has the characteristics such as biogas cleanliness without any pollution that energy consumption is low, produce, and natural pond slag that fermentation produces and natural pond liquid can be used as fertilizer and return soil, realize the step recycle of matter and energy, more meet the requirement of national sustainable development.
As everyone knows, the main component of biomass resources such as rice grass, stalk is Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose and xylogen, and the quality of these 3 kinds of compositions accounts for 80%～92% of plant fiber material total mass.Mierocrystalline cellulose is that the polymerization degree is 300 to 15000 chain macromolecule compound, because the effect of hydrogen bond makes a lot of cellulosic molecules form crystallizing field jointly.Xylogen is cellulosic tackiness agent, can increase the physical strength of plant materials.Xylogen itself is difficult for being degraded, and cellulosic degraded is had shielding effect, and the crystalline texture of Mierocrystalline cellulose itself, hemicellulose all cause ligno-cellulosic materials anaerobic degradation difficulty to cellulosic coating effect.In addition, the C/N of lignocellulose raw material is higher also is to influence the factor that its anaerobe transforms.
At present, research to the lignocellulose raw material anaerobic gas generation mainly concentrates on the wood fibre structure of destroying lignocellulose raw material by pre-treatment, especially destroy the lignin structure of raw material, will be discharged, increase the chance that microorganism contacts with raw material by the Mierocrystalline cellulose that xylogen wraps up.Present pretreatment mode mainly comprises alkaline purification, acid treatment, explosion, wet oxidation technology and biological degradation processing etc., and wherein, alkaline purification is to use more pretreatment mode at present.Alkali soaks the wood fibre structure that pre-treatment can well destroy lignocellulose raw material, will be exposed out by the Mierocrystalline cellulose that xylogen wraps up, and has increased the chance that microorganism contacts with cellulose substances, helps improving the biological transformation ratio of lignocellulose raw material.Serious through pretreated lignocellulose raw material owing to xylogen destroys, the large amount of organic stripping is converted into the available form of anaerobion, in single-phase anaerobic reactor under the identical organic loading, the acidifying phenomenon appears in fermenting process easily, influenced normally carrying out of reaction, serious even phenomenon that the reaction failure occurs.In addition, because the lignocellulose raw material structure is fluffy, the consumption that the alkali of raw material soaks pre-treatment alkali is very big, the demand in pre-treatment place and workload are all very big, and sodium ions content is higher in the fermented liquid after the fermentation, has influenced subsequent disposal, above problems affect the engineering of alkaline purification use.Therefore, it is extremely urgent with the problem that exists more than solving to develop a kind of lignocellulose raw material novel process.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to soak big, the problems such as the pre-treatment workload is big, the easy acidifying of fermenting process of alkali consumption that pre-treatment exists at present alkali, it is simple to invent a kind of not only method, and easy and simple to handle, in the method that guarantees to reduce under the prerequisite that the lignocellulose raw material biological transformation ratio significantly improves the alkali consumption.
Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure:
A kind of novel wood fiber raw material anaerobic fermentation process, this technology is made of lignocellulose raw material fermentation in advance, alkaline purification and Secondary Fermentation 3 parts, and the concrete operations step is as follows:
(1) with after the lignocellulose raw material pulverizing, join in the single-phase anaerobic reactor, and the adding inoculum is inoculated mixing;
(2) add water in anaerobic reactor, with TS (total solids) Load Regulation to 2～8%, sealed reactor carries out producing methane through anaerobic fermentation;
(3) treat (this stage needs about 30 days usually) after the aerogenesis peak, the lignocellulose raw material in the anaerobic reactor is taken out, dry;
(4) lignocellulose raw material of step (3) gained is handled with 2%～8% NaOH solution soaking; Wherein the time of immersion treatment is preferably 24h～72h, and the mass ratio of pure cerium hydroxide sodium and lignocellulose raw material is 1: 8～1: 12;
(5) lignocellulose raw material immersion treatment crossed is regulated pH to 6.8～7.5, inoculation fermentation once more, and the TS load is 2～8% in the anaerobic fermentation reactor.
In the two step anaerobically fermentings of the present invention, the present invention is less demanding to temperature of reaction, all can normally carry out at 15 ℃～55 ℃ scope internal reactions, using more is that temperature (30～37 ℃) has bigger energy volume production and throws ratio in adopting, and the temperature of reaction of the best is 35 ± 1 ℃.The initial TS Load Regulation to 6.0% of anaerobically fermenting is best.
Lignocellulose raw material is selected from one or more in corn stalk, wheat straw, rice straw, rice grass or the bagasse.Can select different lignocellulose raw materials according to season, region and local practical situation.Harvested lignocellulose raw material over-ground part is cut into the segment of 1～2cm by artificial or mechanical means; Perhaps pulverize, reach and make the uniform purpose of raw material by stalk crasher.
The object of alkaline purification is an anaerobic fermentation gas production peak lignocellulose raw material later, the most of hydrolysis stripping of easy decomposing organic matter in the lignocellulose raw material after pre-fermentation is the microorganism utilization, it is loose porous that lignocellulose raw material becomes, originally exposed out by the wood fibre of easy decomposing organic matter parcel, help contacting of alkali and wood fibre, and the volume of fermentation back raw material significantly reduces, and has reduced the consumption and the workload of follow-up alkaline purification alkali.Because the content of easy decomposing organic matter has seldom avoided Secondary Fermentation the acidifying possibility to occur to a great extent in the pretreated lignocellulose raw material; Simultaneously, because the organism that the surperficial contained microorganism of lignocellulose raw material is easily decomposed utilization is few, fermenting process is difficult for acidifying, thereby helps to improve the organic loading of pre-fermentation system, finally improves the processing power of anaerobic fermentation system.The add-on of NaOH solution is a pure cerium hydroxide sodium: lignocellulose raw material (dry-matter ratio) 1: 8～1: 12.
Inoculum in the two step inoculations is wherein one or more such as the anaerobically digested sludge that is selected from sewage work, old methane-generating pit mud, corrupt river silt, fresh cow dung, and the inoculum consumption is 5%～30% of a fermented product dry weight.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, technology is simple, and is workable.
2, guaranteeing significantly to have reduced the consumption of alkali under the prerequisite that the lignocellulose raw material biological transformation ratio significantly improves, alkali soaks 1/2nd of pre-treatment consumption with quantity not sufficient tradition alkali.
3, before alkaline purification, lignocellulose raw material is passed through the acidifying phenomenon that pre-fermentative processing can avoid traditional alkali pretreatment secondary fermentation to occur, improved the processing power of system.
4, this technology has not only significantly improved the biological transformation ratio of wood fibre, and has destroyed the structure of lignocellulose raw material largely, helps the later use of natural pond slag.
5, this technology can significantly reduce the output of high sodium ions content natural pond liquid, has reduced the aftertreatment expense of natural pond liquid.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further elaborated below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
By machinery or manual method harvested lignocellulose raw material is cut into the segment of 1～2cm, in the anaerobic reactor of packing into then, adds inoculum and inoculate, mix, the add-on of inoculum is 5%～30% of a fermented product dry weight.The sealing fermentation unit, the air outlet of fermentation unit is connected with accumulator unit by pneumatic tube, and temperature of reaction is controlled at 35 ± 1 ℃, by whipping appts fermented product is stirred in the fermenting process, can produce biogas in the 24h, after the aerogenesis peak, gas production rate obviously descends, and reaction can finish.Lignocellulose raw material after the fermentation is in advance taken out, dry, become loose porous through the lignocellulose raw material after the pre-fermentation, volume has reduced more than 40%, downgrade nearly 50%.The lignocellulose raw material of NaOH solution with 2%～8% after to pre-fermentation carries out the immersion treatment of 24h～72h, and the add-on of NaOH solution is a pure cerium hydroxide sodium: lignocellulose raw material (dry-matter than) 1: 8～1: 12.Because the lignocellulose raw material quality after the pre-fermentation significantly reduces, therefore, the consumption of alkali has reduced 50%.Lignocellulose raw material after the alkaline purification is the underflow shape of brown, and the wood fibre structure deteriorate is serious.Raw material after the alkaline purification is added in the anaerobic reactor, adds anaerobic sludge and inoculate, the add-on of inoculum is 5%～30% of a fermented product dry weight, mixing.Add water in compound, making the system TS load of reactor is 6%.The sealing fermentation unit, the air outlet of fermentation unit is connected with accumulator unit by pneumatic tube, and temperature of reaction is controlled at 35 ± 1 ℃, by whipping appts fermented product is stirred in the fermenting process; Can produce biogas in the 24h.
In this example, pre-fermentation time is 25 days, and cumulative gas production is 10794mL～12373mL, and the Secondary Fermentation time is 30 days, and cumulative gas production is 4222mL～5616mL.The gas production rate of this process of artistic wood fibrous material is 312.83mL/gTS～374.77mL/g TS, and fermentation period adds up to 58 days.
Reference examples 1:
Get and two parts of the lignocellulose raw materials of last routine equivalent, be cut into the segment of 1～2cm by machinery or manual method, a immersion treatment of carrying out 24h～72h with 2%～8% NaOH solution, the add-on of NaOH solution is a pure cerium hydroxide sodium: lignocellulose raw material (dry-matter ratio) 1: 8～1: 12, another part handled with the water logging bubble of equivalent.Raw material after handling is respectively charged in the anaerobic reactor, regulates pH to 6.8～7.5, add inoculum and inoculate, mix, the add-on of inoculum is 5%～30% of a fermented product dry weight.In reactor, add water and regulate the TS load to 6%.The sealing fermentation unit, the air outlet of fermentation unit is connected with accumulator unit by pneumatic tube, temperature of reaction is controlled at 35 ± 1 ℃, by whipping appts fermented product is stirred in the fermenting process, can produce biogas in the 24h, through 50～65 days fermentation, gas production rate obviously descends, the same day, gas production rate was lower than 30% o'clock of average daily output tolerance, and reaction can finish, and carried out new round fermentation.
In this example, alkali soaks the structure that pre-treatment can destroy lignocellulose raw material to a great extent, improves the anaerobically fermenting characteristic of raw material, but the large usage quantity of alkali, its consumption is 2 times of embodiment.Anaerobically fermenting tangible acidifying occurred at the fermentation initial stage after alkali soaked pre-treatment, and pH is low to moderate 5.00～5.40 during the acidifying, still can not recover after 10 days, need manually add alkali lye or damping fluid and be adjusted to about 7 and just recover aerogenesis gradually.Raw material anaerobic fermentation process without alkaline purification can normally be carried out, and fermentation period is shorter, aerogenesis not substantially after 30 days.When experiment finishes, the cumulative gas production of alkaline purification and untreated lignocellulose raw material is respectively 14948～18169mL and 10323～13873mL, the unit mass gas production rate is respectively 321.42～378.52mL/g TS and 215.06～289.02mL/g TS, is respectively experimental period 57 days and 30 days.
The contrast reference examples, this technology is when assurance lignocellulose raw material biological transformation ratio significantly improves (gas production rate has increased by 12.07%～76.01%), the alkali consumption has reduced 50%, and it is suitable that fermentation period and traditional alkali soak pre-treatment, and the acidifying phenomenon can not occur in the fermenting process.This technology meets the requirement of China's energy-saving and emission-reduction, has good application prospects.
Claims (8)
1. a novel wood fiber raw material anaerobic fermentation process is characterized in that this technology is made of lignocellulose raw material fermentation in advance, alkaline purification and Secondary Fermentation 3 parts, and the concrete operations step is as follows:
(1) with after the lignocellulose raw material pulverizing, join in the single-phase anaerobic reactor, and the adding inoculum is inoculated mixing;
(2) add water in anaerobic reactor, with TS Load Regulation to 2～8%, sealed reactor carries out producing methane through anaerobic fermentation;
(3) treat after the aerogenesis peak, the lignocellulose raw material in the anaerobic reactor is taken out, dry;
(4) lignocellulose raw material of step (3) gained is handled with 2%～8% NaOH solution soaking;
(5) lignocellulose raw material immersion treatment crossed is regulated pH to 6.8～7.5, inoculation fermentation once more, and the TS load is 2～8% in the anaerobic reactor;
Wherein in step (1) or (5), described inoculum is selected from one or more in the anaerobically digested sludge of sewage work, old methane-generating pit mud, corrupt river silt or the fresh cow dung.
2. novel wood fiber raw material anaerobic fermentation process according to claim 1 is characterized in that described lignocellulose raw material is selected from one or more in corn stalk, wheat straw, rice straw, rice grass or the bagasse.
3. novel wood fiber raw material anaerobic fermentation process according to claim 1 is characterized in that lignocellulose raw material is crushed to 1.0～2.0cm in the step (1).
4. novel wood fiber raw material anaerobic fermentation process according to claim 1 is characterized in that in step (1) or (5), the add-on of inoculum is 5%～30% of a fermented product dry weight.
5. novel wood fiber raw material anaerobic fermentation process according to claim 1 is characterized in that in step (2) or (5) that the temperature of anaerobically fermenting is 15 ℃～55 ℃.
6. novel wood fiber raw material anaerobic fermentation process according to claim 5, the temperature that it is characterized in that anaerobically fermenting is 35 ± 1 ℃.
7. novel wood fiber raw material anaerobic fermentation process according to claim 1 is characterized in that the time that lignocellulose raw material is handled with the NaOH solution soaking is 24h～72h.
8. according to claim 1 or 7 described novel wood fiber raw material anaerobic fermentation process, when it is characterized in that lignocellulose raw material is handled with the NaOH solution soaking, the mass ratio of pure cerium hydroxide sodium and lignocellulose raw material is 1: 8～1: 12.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102154386A (en) * | 2011-02-01 | 2011-08-17 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for preparing short-chain fatty acid by fermenting rinsing liquor of hemicellulose from steam-exploded straws |
| CN103966265A (en) * | 2014-05-18 | 2014-08-06 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for preparing biogas by pretreating manioc waste with NaOH through anaerobic fermentation |
| CN104556349B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-11-30 | 浙江海洋学院 | A kind of external source plant nutrient strengthening raw water biological pretreatment technique |
| CN106967588A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-07-21 | 黑龙江中丹建业生物能源有限公司 | Biological material forms methane device and generation method |
| CN108315358A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-07-24 | 黑龙江新天地能源开发有限公司 | It is a kind of to prepare biogas method using stalk |
| CN115011639A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-09-06 | 安徽师范大学 | Method for producing biogas by using wood fiber raw material |
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