CN101671697A - New method for improving anaerobic gas generation property of wood fiber raw material - Google Patents
New method for improving anaerobic gas generation property of wood fiber raw material Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention discloses a new method for improving the anaerobic gas generation property of a wood fiber raw material. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out cut-up pretreatment on thewood fiber raw material; mixing the pretreated wood fiber raw material and turf according to a dry material proportion of 9:11-3:1; adding an obtained mixture into an anaerobic reactor, adding an inoculant and mixing the materials; and carrying out anaerobic fermentation in the anaerobic reactor at 30-40 DEG C so as to produce marsh gas. The invention greatly improves the anaerobic biological conversion rate of the wood fiber raw material on the premise of not influencing the manurial value of the turf and realizes the utilization of reclamation, reduction and harmless of the wood fiber raw material and the turf.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biomass energy development and use and field of environment protection, tool relates to originally that a kind of a kind of material that is rich in mineral nutrient element that utilizes---the peat composed of rotten mosses and lignocellulose raw material mixed fermentation improve the method for lignocellulose raw material biological transformation ratio.
Background technology
Along with the exhaustion day by day of fossil fuel, the world begins sight is gathered newborn energy field.In various new forms of energy, biomass energy is the energy the safest, the most stable and that be difficult for being affected by the external environment, is one of new energy field of present state key encouragement.Biomass resource is huge on the earth, and is of a great variety, comprises all terrestrial plants, waterplant, human and animal's movement and industrial or agricultural organism etc.In various biomass for human use, lignocellulose raw material accounts for the overwhelming majority wherein, and fully good this part resource of reasonable use reduces the quantity discharged of greenhouse gases for alleviating the energy-intensive situation, and the environment of protection locality is significant.At present, the approach to the lignocellulose raw material recovery energy mainly comprises: burn, gasify, ferment producing and ethanol, biofuel and anaerobic gas generation etc. are several.Compare with other transformation technology, anaerobic gas generation has the characteristics such as biogas cleanliness without any pollution that energy consumption is low, operational management convenient, produce, and natural pond slag that fermentation produces and natural pond liquid can be used as fertilizer and return soil, realize the step recycle of matter and energy, more meet the requirement of national sustainable development.
As its name suggests, the main component of lignocellulose raw material is Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose and xylogen, and the quality of these 3 kinds of compositions accounts for 80%～95% of lignocellulose raw material total mass.Mierocrystalline cellulose is that the polymerization degree is 300 to 15000 chain macromolecule compound, because the effect of hydrogen bond makes a lot of cellulosic molecules form crystallizing field jointly.Xylogen is cellulosic tackiness agent, can increase the physical strength of plant materials.Xylogen is difficult for being decomposed under the anaerobic condition, and the microbiological degradation fiber is have shielding effect, and the crystalline texture of Mierocrystalline cellulose itself, hemicellulose all cause lignocellulose raw material anaerobic degradation difficulty to cellulosic coating effect etc. in addition.In addition, the C/N of lignocellulose raw material is higher, and being influences another factor that its anaerobe transforms.
" peat composed of rotten mosses " has another name called " peat ", also is called " mud coal ", is the product in the growth course of marsh, by the residual body of marsh plant, under the anaerobic condition of many water, can not decompose accumulation fully and form.Contain large quantity of moisture and the plant residue that is not thoroughly decomposed, soil ulmin and a part of mineral substance.Organic content is more than 30%, and the pH value is generally 5.5～6.5, is rich in multiple elements such as nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, manganese.Itself and straw mixed fermentation can be improved the nutritional status of anaerobic system, regulate C/N, improve microbic activity, and its loose porous structure is convenient to attached growth of microorganisms, but higher humus content can produce certain inhibition to anaerobically fermenting.At present, the peat composed of rotten mosses and lignocellulose raw material mixing anaerobic digestion product biogas be yet there are no report at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to improve the efficient of producing methane through anaerobic fermentation, a kind of method of utilizing the peat composed of rotten mosses and lignocellulose raw material mixed fermentation to produce biogas and natural pond, raising fermentation back slag manurial value is provided.
Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure:
A kind of novel method that improves anaerobic gas generation property of wood fiber raw material comprises the steps:
(1) lignocellulose raw material shreds pre-treatment earlier;
(2) the pretreated lignocellulose raw material and the peat composed of rotten mosses are pressed the mixed of dry-matter (TS) than 9: 11～3: 1;
(3) mixture that step (2) is obtained adds in the anaerobic reactor, and adds inoculum, inoculates, and mixes;
(4) under 30～40 ℃, carry out producing methane through anaerobic fermentation after in anaerobic reactor, adding entry.
Wherein lignocellulose raw material is selected from one or more in corn stalk, wheat straw, rice straw, rice grass or the bagasse.Can select different lignocellulose raw materials according to season, region and local practical situation.Harvested lignocellulose raw material is cut into the segment of 1.0～3.0cm by artificial or mechanical means; Perhaps shred to 1.0～3.0cm, reach and make the uniform purpose of raw material by stalk crasher.
Within the specific limits, the population density of microorganism is high more in the anaerobic system, and the anaerobe transformation efficiency of fermentation raw material is high more.The peat composed of rotten mosses is the product in the growth course of marsh, has loose porous structure, contain multiple mineral nutrient element, and C/N is lower.It is added the C/N that can regulate anaerobic system in the anaerobic system, improve the activity of anaerobion, promote the bio-transformation of lignocellulose raw material.Simultaneously, the peat composed of rotten mosses itself is a kind of high-quality fertilizer, can improve the manurial value of natural pond, fermentation back slag." peat composed of rotten mosses " has another name called " peat ", also is called " mud coal ", is formed at the quaternary period, by the residual body of marsh plant, under the anaerobic condition of many water, can not decompose accumulation fully and form.Contain large quantity of moisture and the plant residue that is not thoroughly decomposed, soil ulmin and a part of mineral substance.Organic content is more than 30%, and quality is soft to be easy to fragmentaryly, is brown or black more, and the pH value is generally 5.5～6.5, is layered distribution, is called peat bed.The peat composed of rotten mosses in the different places of production has different physical propertiess and chemical property because material is formed difference, but all contains multiple elements such as abundant nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, manganese.The trace that discovery " peat " is all arranged all over the world.Except U.S.'s Buddhist is enumerated the big Swampy Areas (Everglades) of Dazhou City, nearly all " peat " district all is positioned at the area (accounting for 80%) of high latitude, and have approximately in the world 60% wetland area all be " peat " contain district's (reaching 4,000,000 square kilometres approximately).
The dry-matter ratio of the peat composed of rotten mosses and wood fibre mixed fermentation is preferably 9: 11～3: 1 (quality), the amount of the peat composed of rotten mosses too much can suppress the carrying out of anaerobic gas generation process in the mixture, reduce the processing power of anaerobic reactor, the amount of the peat composed of rotten mosses at least unable to get up to the environment that improves anaerobic system, regulate C/N, the active purpose of raising anaerobion.
The inoculum of anaerobically fermenting generally is selected from one or more in the anaerobically digested sludge of the natural pond slag of old methane-generating pit, corrupt river silt or municipal sewage plant.The add-on of inoculum (dry matter content) is 5%～30% (matrix that the fermented product in the anaerobically fermenting refers generally to ferment of the fermented product dry weight in the anaerobic reactor, represent with substrate in the English, because the peat composed of rotten mosses can not decompose for anaerobion during the fermentation substantially, refer to lignocellulose raw material here).After adding inoculum in the anaerobic reactor, add water and be adjusted to suitable TS organic loading and can carry out anaerobic reaction.Amount of water is as the criterion 6～10% with the TS of anaerobic reactor system load.
Be reflected under normal temperature, middle temperature and the hot conditions and all can normally carry out, but be good with 35 ± 2 ℃.The same day, gas production rate was lower than 30% o'clock of average daily output tolerance, finished reaction; The cycle of producing methane through anaerobic fermentation was generally 30～60 days.Sealing fermentation unit during anaerobically fermenting, the air outlet of fermentation unit is connected with accumulator unit by pneumatic tube, and control reaction temperature stirs fermented product by whipping appts in the fermenting process; Can produce biogas in the 24h, through 30～60 days fermentation, gas production rate obviously descended, and the same day, gas production rate was lower than 30% o'clock of average daily output tolerance (value that refers to cumulative gas production/fermentation fate gained), and reaction can finish, and carried out new round fermentation.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, technology is simple, and is workable.
2, biogas is produced in the digestion of the peat composed of rotten mosses and lignocellulose raw material mixing anaerobic, improved the biological transformation ratio of lignocellulose raw material, per dry matter gas production rate is the highest improves 19.33% for it.
3, with lignocellulose raw material and peat composed of rotten mosses mixed fermentation, can improve microbic activity in the anaerobic system, gas production rate and aerogenesis peak value obviously improve, and fermentation period shortened more than 10 days, had improved the processing power and the processing efficiency of fermentation unit.
4, the peat composed of rotten mosses is a kind of high-quality fertilizer material, its material before and after anaerobically fermenting forms and characteristic does not change, and rate of loss is very low, and (organism in the peat composed of rotten mosses can not be that the form that the anaerobion decomposition utilizes exists with soil ulmin, xylogen etc. mainly, so organic variation is little in the peat composed of rotten mosses of fermentation front and back, but the mineral element that contains in the peat composed of rotten mosses during the fermentation can the part stripping, but this part ratio that accounts for peat composed of rotten mosses total mass is very little).The peat composed of rotten mosses is added to the manurial value that has improved natural pond, fermentation back slag in the anaerobic system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a changing conditions of producing tolerance and cumulative gas production in embodiment 1 fermenting process daily.
Fig. 2 is a changing conditions of producing tolerance and cumulative gas production in embodiment 2 fermenting processs daily.
Fig. 3 is a changing conditions of producing tolerance and cumulative gas production in embodiment 3 fermenting processs daily.
Embodiment
Further specify the present invention below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
(1) segment of 1～2cm is cut into harvested lignocellulose raw material by machinery or manual method in the pulverizing pre-treatment of raw material wood fibrous material (as corn stalk, wheat straw or rice straw etc.);
(2) lignocellulose raw material with the described chopping of step (1) mixed than 45: 55 by dry-matter with the peat composed of rotten mosses;
(3) step (1) gained lignocellulose raw material (containing dry-matter 25.2 grams), the peat composed of rotten mosses (containing dry-matter 30.8 grams) and step (2) gained mixture (containing dry-matter 56 grams) are added to respectively in the anaerobic reactor of 1000mL, add dry matter content and be 2.61% anaerobic sludge 400 grams and inoculate, mix;
(4) add water in step (3) gained compound, making the TS load of reactor is 8%, and make up water makes the total mass of material in 3 reactors identical in all the other two reactors;
(5) sealing fermentation unit, the air outlet of fermentation unit is connected with accumulator unit by pneumatic tube, and temperature of reaction is controlled at 35 ± 2 ℃, by whipping appts fermented product is stirred in the fermenting process; Can produce biogas in the 24h, through 49 days fermentation, gas production rate obviously descended (daily output tolerance be lower than average daily output tolerance 30%), and stopped reaction carries out that a new round feeds intake and inoculation fermentation.
The change curve of daily output tolerance and cumulative gas production is seen Fig. 1 in the ferment process of getting a haircut everywhere, mixed fermentation is similar to the daily gas discharge curve that lignocellulose raw material ferments separately as can be seen, the 3rd day aerogenesis of the independent fermenting experiment of lignocellulose raw material reaches the peak, the aerogenesis peak of mixed fermentation occurred at the 5th day, the significantly raising but peak value ferments more separately.From the curve of cumulative gas production, after mixed fermentation promoted that aerogenesis mainly occurs in 9 days that test beginning, gap between the two constantly widened subsequently.When experiment finished, the cumulative gas production that adds peat composed of rotten mosses mixed fermentation fermented separately than lignocellulose raw material and has improved 11.61%.
Embodiment 2:
(1) segment of 1～2cm is cut into harvested lignocellulose raw material by machinery or manual method in the pulverizing pre-treatment of raw material wood fibrous material (as corn stalk, wheat straw or rice straw etc.);
(2) lignocellulose raw material with the described chopping of step (1) mixed than 3: 2 by dry-matter with the peat composed of rotten mosses;
(3) step (1) gained lignocellulose raw material (containing dry-matter 33.6 grams), the peat composed of rotten mosses (containing dry-matter 22.4 grams) and step (2) gained mixture (containing dry-matter 56 grams) are added to respectively in the anaerobic reactor of 1000mL, add dry matter content and be 2.61% anaerobic sludge 400 grams and inoculate, mix;
(4) add water in step (3) gained compound, making the TS load of reactor is 8%, and make up water makes the total mass of material in 3 reactors identical in all the other two reactors;
(5) sealing fermentation unit, the air outlet of fermentation unit is connected with accumulator unit by pneumatic tube, and temperature of reaction is controlled at 35 ± 2 ℃, by whipping appts fermented product is stirred in the fermenting process; Can produce biogas in the 24h, through 49 days fermentation, gas production rate obviously descended (daily output tolerance be lower than average daily output tolerance 30%), and stopped reaction carries out that a new round feeds intake and inoculation fermentation.
The change curve of daily output tolerance and cumulative gas production is seen Fig. 2 in the ferment process of getting a haircut everywhere, mixed fermentation has obviously promoted the lignocellulose raw material anaerobic gas generation as can be seen, mixed fermentation reached the aerogenesis peak on the 6th day in experiment, and peak value is 1052ml, and aerogenesis slowly descends afterwards.Lignocellulose raw material fermentation separately reached the aerogenesis peak on the 7th day in experiment, and peak value only is 681ml, and aerogenesis occurs than great fluctuation process between 7-19 days subsequently, and aerogenesis descends gradually afterwards.From the curve of cumulative gas production, mixed fermentation is higher than wood fibre at the cumulative gas production of experiment beginning after 3 days ferments separately, and this subsequently gap constantly enlarges.When finishing to reaction, the cumulative gas production that adds peat composed of rotten mosses mixed fermentation ferments separately than lignocellulose raw material and has improved 19.33%.
Embodiment 3:
(1) segment of 1～2cm is cut into harvested lignocellulose raw material by machinery or manual method in the pulverizing pre-treatment of raw material wood fibrous material (as corn stalk, wheat straw or rice straw etc.);
(2) lignocellulose raw material with the described chopping of step (1) mixed than 3: 1 by dry-matter with the peat composed of rotten mosses;
(3) step (1) gained lignocellulose raw material (containing dry-matter 42 grams), the peat composed of rotten mosses (containing dry-matter 14 grams) and step (2) gained mixture (containing dry-matter 56 grams) are added to respectively in the anaerobic reactor of 1000mL, add dry matter content and be 2.61% anaerobic sludge 400 grams and inoculate, mix;
(4) add water in step (3) gained compound, making the TS load of reactor is 8%, and make up water makes the total mass of material in 3 reactors identical in all the other two reactors;
(5) sealing fermentation unit, the air outlet of fermentation unit is connected with accumulator unit by pneumatic tube, and temperature of reaction is controlled at 35 ± 2 ℃, by whipping appts fermented product is stirred in the fermenting process; Can produce biogas in the 24h, through 49 days fermentation, gas production rate obviously descended (daily output tolerance be lower than average daily output tolerance 30%), and stopped reaction carries out that a new round feeds intake and inoculation fermentation.
The change curve of daily output tolerance and cumulative gas production is seen Fig. 3 in the ferment process of getting a haircut everywhere, mixed fermentation has obviously promoted the lignocellulose raw material anaerobic gas generation as can be seen, mixed fermentation reached the aerogenesis peak on the 9th day in experiment, peak value is 1082ml, aerogenesis slowly descends afterwards, and second aerogenesis peak appearred at the 18th day, but this aerogenesis peak is more preceding once obviously weakens, gas production rate constantly descends afterwards.Lignocellulose raw material fermentation separately first aerogenesis peak occurred on the 14th day in experiment, and peak value is 686ml, second aerogenesis peak occurred at the 17th day, was 728ml, and aerogenesis descends gradually afterwards.As can be seen, though two aerogenesis peaks all appear in mixed fermentation and independent fermentation, but the peak value on two the aerogenesis peaks of fermenting separately is suitable, and a back aerogenesis peak is more preceding once also big slightly, and the preceding aerogenesis peak of mixed fermentation is obviously greater than the aerogenesis peak second time, show that mixed fermentation has obviously promoted the speed of anaerobion aerogenesis, helps shortening the aerogenesis cycle.From the curve of cumulative gas production, mixed fermentation all is higher than wood fibre at the cumulative gas production of experiment beginning after 4 days ferments separately, and when finishing to reaction, the cumulative gas production that adds peat composed of rotten mosses mixed fermentation ferments separately than lignocellulose raw material and improved 16.08%.
Contain a large amount of mineral elements in the peat composed of rotten mosses, humus content is up to more than 15%, and these material major parts are retained in the slag of natural pond behind the anaerobically fermenting, have improved the manurial value of natural pond slag.The nitrogen content of natural pond, fermentation back slag is 1.85～2.07%, and organic content is 51.72～60.34%, and humus content is 15.3～18.8%, is a kind of high-quality fertilizer.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of novel method that improves anaerobic gas generation property of wood fiber raw material is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) lignocellulose raw material shreds pre-treatment earlier;
(2) the pretreated lignocellulose raw material and the peat composed of rotten mosses are pressed the mixed of dry-matter than 9: 11～3: 1;
(3) mixture that step (2) is obtained adds in the anaerobic reactor, and adds inoculum, mixes;
(4) under 30～40 ℃, carry out producing methane through anaerobic fermentation after in anaerobic reactor, adding entry.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described lignocellulose raw material is selected from one or more in corn stalk, wheat straw, rice straw, rice grass or the bagasse.
3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the step (1) lignocellulose raw material being shredded to 1.0～3.0cm.
4, method according to claim 1, the dry-matter that it is characterized in that described lignocellulose raw material and the peat composed of rotten mosses was than 9: 11～3: 1.
5, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described inoculum is selected from one or more in the anaerobically digested sludge of the natural pond slag of old methane-generating pit, corrupt river silt or municipal sewage plant.
6, according to claim 1 or 4 described methods, the add-on that it is characterized in that described inoculum is 5%～30% of the interior fermented product dry weight of anaerobic reactor.
7, method according to claim 1, the temperature that it is characterized in that anaerobically fermenting is 30～40 ℃.
8, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that producing methane through anaerobic fermentation Summer Solstice or the Winter Solstice gas production rate is lower than 30% o'clock of average daily output tolerance, finishes reaction.
9, according to claim 1 or 8 described methods, the cycle that it is characterized in that producing methane through anaerobic fermentation is 30～60 days.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102994564A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-03-27 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Method for preparing biogas by using peat as raw material |
| CN104561121A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-04-29 | 河南省高新技术实业总公司 | Method for preparing marsh gas by anaerobic fermentation of agricultural straws |
| CN105506030A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-04-20 | 同济大学 | Lignocellulose anaerobic methane-producing pretreatment and fermentation technology |
| CN108315358A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-07-24 | 黑龙江新天地能源开发有限公司 | It is a kind of to prepare biogas method using stalk |
| CN109182391A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-11 | 湖南农业大学 | A method of irradiation pretreatment agricultural crop straw Biogas |
| CN109467299A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-03-15 | 重庆大学 | A method of improving methane factor of created gase in excess sludge anaerobic digestion |
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| CN102994564A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-03-27 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Method for preparing biogas by using peat as raw material |
| CN104561121A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-04-29 | 河南省高新技术实业总公司 | Method for preparing marsh gas by anaerobic fermentation of agricultural straws |
| CN104561121B (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2019-10-25 | 河南省高新技术实业有限公司 | A kind of method that agricultural stalk anaerobic fermentation prepares biogas |
| CN105506030A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-04-20 | 同济大学 | Lignocellulose anaerobic methane-producing pretreatment and fermentation technology |
| CN108315358A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-07-24 | 黑龙江新天地能源开发有限公司 | It is a kind of to prepare biogas method using stalk |
| CN109182391A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-11 | 湖南农业大学 | A method of irradiation pretreatment agricultural crop straw Biogas |
| CN109182391B (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2022-03-18 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for preparing biogas by irradiation pretreatment of crop straws |
| CN109467299A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-03-15 | 重庆大学 | A method of improving methane factor of created gase in excess sludge anaerobic digestion |
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