CN105039421A - Method for coupling biogas preparation by means of maize straw with power generation waste-heat utilization - Google Patents
Method for coupling biogas preparation by means of maize straw with power generation waste-heat utilization Download PDFInfo
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- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 claims description 47
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 4
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- NOEGNKMFWQHSLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-hydroxymethylfurfural Chemical compound OCC1=CC=C(C=O)O1 NOEGNKMFWQHSLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000031018 biological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- RJGBSYZFOCAGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethylfurfural Natural products COC1=CC=C(C=O)O1 RJGBSYZFOCAGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000370738 Chlorion Species 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPQOADBMXVRBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1ldcw0 Chemical compound Cl.C1CN(C)CCN1C1=C(F)C=C2C(=O)C(C(O)=O)=CN3CCSC1=C32 LPQOADBMXVRBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005446 dissolved organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002240 furans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009996 mechanical pre-treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/59—Biological synthesis; Biological purification
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for coupling biogas preparation by means of maize straw with power generation waste-heat utilization. The method comprises the first step of maize straw smashing, the second step of thermal refining and heating, the third step of middle temperature fermentation, the fourth step of solid-liquid separation, the fifth step of hydro-thermal treatment, the six step of high temperature fermentation, the seventh step of heat exchange of fermentation residues and the solid-liquid separation, the eighth step of biogas residue drying and the ninth step of biogas power generation and waste-heat utilization. Compared with the prior art, the biogas preparation technology of combining the middle temperature fermentation and the hydro-thermal treatment with the high temperature fermentation is adopted, the biogas yield of raw materials is improved, and the fermentation period is shortened; the biogas preparation technology including the middle temperature fermentation, the hydro-thermal treatment and the high temperature fermentation is combined with waste-heat comprehensive utilization of the biogas power generation, the biogas preparation efficiency of the maize straw is improved, the comprehensive energy consumption of a system is reduced, gradient comprehensive utilization is conducted according to grades of waste heat sources of the biogas power generation, and the heat utilizing efficiency of the system is higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to renewable energy source development field, particularly relate to a kind of method that maize straw biogas prepares coupled electricity-generation UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN.
Background technology
China is a large agricultural country, and annual generation about 800,000,000 tons of agricultural crop straws, wherein maize straw output is maximum, accounts for 40.6% of total stalk output.Utilize biogas fermentation technical finesse to utilize maize straw, not only can produce efficient, clean high-grade energy, the natural pond slag simultaneously produced and natural pond liquid directly can also be used as organic fertilizer, a kind of effective outlet of can yet be regarded as.Biogas fermentation technology itself is one very proven technique, utilizes this technical transform stalk to be novel energy, can alleviate China's conventional energy resources pressure, improve the quality of life of the rural area people; On the other hand, the problem of outlet of crop material can be solved again, reduce because of its open incineration, huddle disorderly to put etc. bring to environment disadvantageous effect.In fact, stalk marsh gas is clearly carried out emphasis support development as a main renewable energy source by China.
As everyone knows, due to the lignocellulose raw materials such as stalk self, such as, the wood fibre structure of complicated difficult degraded, higher carbon-nitrogen ratio, wet fermentation easily float crust, cause the stability of straw methane fermentation and gas producing efficiency lower.For floating crust, mainly through improve structure of reactor solve, such as publication CN103103117B, CN103374521B etc. namely by improve reactor raw material import and export, alr mode solve float crust.For higher carbon-nitrogen ratio, the mode mainly through mixed fermentation solves, and namely such as publication CN101235388B, CN102732565B etc. carry out mixed fermentation with stalk adjust carbon-nitrogen ratio by adding nitrogenous more ight soil, wine slops etc.
For the wood fibre structure of complicated difficult degraded, solve mainly through pre-treatment.In general, be necessary for reducing the mechanical pretreatment such as chopping, pulverizing of raw materials size, the pretreatment process said here mainly refers to that chemical method, biological process, Physical etc. change the method for inner wooden fibrous texture:
Chemical method mainly adopts acid, oxygenation pretreatment, such as, namely publication CN102154374B, CN102399825B, CN101691586B, CN101475964B, CN103740767A etc. adopt sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, urea, sodium hydroxide, organic acid, solid alkali etc. to carry out Chemical Pretreatment.Chemically pretreating process ubiquity equipment corrosion problem, and need a large amount of water clean pretreated raw material or need a large amount of soda acids to neutralize.When cleaning with water, can Dissolved Organic Matter be lost, when using acid-base neutralisation, a large amount of sodium ions and chlorion can be produced again, not only may suppress anaerobically fermenting, also may cause environmental pollution, and the later use of natural pond slag can be affected.Above problem has had a strong impact on the application of acid-base pretreatment in scale straw marsh gas engineering;
Biological process mainly adopts enzyme or microorganism to carry out pre-treatment, and because the price of enzyme is higher, and the added value of biogas is not also very high, therefore, does not generally consider to carry out pre-treatment with enzyme, is more to adopt microorganism to process.Such as, publication CN1888073B, CN100487104C, CN102533609B, CN101486988B etc. are namely by breaking of lignocellulose degrading bacteria wood fibre structure.In addition, publication CN102586335B, CN102031276B, CN102261004B etc. carry out biological-chemical combined pretreatment.Although Biological Pretreatment mild condition, not corrosion and secondary pollution, the treatment time needed is longer, what is more important, due to the own metabolism of microorganism, need to consume raw material itself as carbon source, and used up feedstock portions is easy to the part utilized that is degraded.Therefore, material carbon loss is comparatively serious, greatly reduces raw material factor of created gase;
Physical mainly contains hydrothermal treatment consists and steam explosion.Hydrothermal treatment consists is namely by high-temperature steam brokenization wood fibre structure.Steam explosion is a kind of follow-on hydrothermal treatment consists, utilize high pressure steam rapid temperature increases, by raw material and water or water vapour etc. under high temperature, high pressure after (150 ~ 240 DEG C) process certain hour, be down to normal temperature, normal pressure immediately, in steam explosion process, high pressure steam is infiltrated to fibrous inside, discharge from blind hole gap in the mode of air-flow, make fiber that certain mechanical breaking occur, the destruction of high temperature, the inner hydrogen bond of high pressure aggravation Mierocrystalline cellulose simultaneously, the free hydroxyl made new advances, the ordered structure in Mierocrystalline cellulose changes, and adds cellulosic adsorptive power.Steam explosion is very low to lignin removing rate, and the xylogen after steam explosion has higher non-specific adsorption to cellulase, and some oligosaccharides and fracture xylogen can precipitate after the cooling period and attach to cellulose surface simultaneously, hinder cellulase hydrolysis.But because the energy consumption of hydrothermal treatment consists and steam explosion is higher, and the added value of biogas is not very high, this physical method is therefore seldom adopted to carry out pre-treatment.And hydrothermal treatment consists and Steam explosion treatment process, can not only the real wood fibre structure of breaking, also the monose after the solvability of easily degraded in raw material sugar and hemicellulose degradation can be converted into the fermentation inhibitor such as furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural, thus affect follow-up anaerobically fermenting.For maize straw, especially dark green maize straw, the carbohydrate containing part solubility in raw material, if directly carry out hydrothermal treatment consists, will be converted into the fermentation inhibitor such as furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural by these soluble saccharides.In addition, the existence of soluble saccharide and easy biodegradable hemicellulose in raw material, can reduce steam directly with the contact area of difficult degradation Mierocrystalline cellulose and lignin structure, thus the processing efficiency of reduction hydrothermal treatment consists.
In sum, be necessary the material characteristic for maize straw, develop the novel process that a kind of comprehensive energy consumption is low, processing efficiency is high and prepare maize straw pre-treatment and the biogas of subsequent fermentation unrestraint.
Summary of the invention
For prior art Problems existing, the method that main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of and improves maize straw biogas preparation efficiency, the maize straw biogas that reduces system synthesis energy consumption prepares coupled electricity-generation UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN.
The present invention relates to a kind of method that maize straw biogas prepares coupled electricity-generation UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, the method comprises the steps: corn straw smashing, modifiedly to heat, mesophilic digestion, solid-liquid separation, hydrothermal treatment consists, thermophilic fermentation, residues heat exchange and solid-liquid separation, natural pond slag are dried, marsh gas power generation and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, is specially:
Step (1) corn straw smashing: by corn straw smashing;
Step (2) is modified to be heated: by thermophilic fermentation secondary fermentation residuum through the natural pond liquid backflow that solid-liquid separation obtains, and the maize straw after the natural pond liquid of backflow and described pulverizing is mixed into mixture, carries out heating heat described mixture;
Step (3) mesophilic digestion: by described modified heat after mixture carry out mesophilic digestion;
Step (4) solid-liquid separation: the residues after mesophilic digestion is carried out solid-liquid separation, is separated into liquid and solid slag;
Step (5) hydrothermal treatment consists: the solid slag after solid-liquid separation is carried out hydrothermal treatment consists;
Step (6) thermophilic fermentation: carry out thermophilic fermentation by after the solid slag after hydrothermal treatment consists and the liquid mixing after solid-liquid separation;
Step (7) residues heat exchange and solid-liquid separation: heat exchange is carried out to described thermophilic fermentation secondary fermentation residuum, the heat of residues is reclaimed by heat exchange, and described heat is used for the mixture that heating heats described step (2), thermophilic fermentation residuum after heat exchange is carried out solid-liquid separation, is separated into natural pond liquid and natural pond slag;
Step (8) natural pond slag is dried: dry the natural pond slag in described thermophilic fermentation secondary fermentation residuum, produce high-temperature steam, the heat of described high-temperature steam is used for described step (5) hydrothermal treatment consists;
Step (9) marsh gas power generation and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN: the biogas produced after collecting described step (3) mesophilic digestion and step (6) thermophilic fermentation, cogeneration is carried out after purification, the natural pond slag of the high-temperature flue gas utilizing Biogas Generator Set to discharge to described step (8) is dried, and utilizes the material of heat to described step (3) mesophilic digestion in Biogas Generator Set in water coolant and jacket water to carry out temperature raising and maintaining.
Further, corn stalk powder is broken to particle diameter≤10mm by this step (1).
Further, total solids mass percentage≤15% in the mixture of this step (2).
Further, the leavening temperature of step (3) mesophilic digestion is 35-40 DEG C, and the mixture residence time is 3-4 days, and wherein dark green maize straw is preferably 3 days, and Dry corn stalk stalk is preferably 4 days.
Further, the temperature that step (5) controls hydrothermal treatment consists is 120-160 DEG C, and the time of hydrothermal treatment consists is 30 minutes, and the temperature of hydrothermal treatment consists is preferably 140 DEG C.
Further, the liquid in this step (6) thermophilic fermentation is mainly used to the solid slag after to hydrothermal treatment consists and cools, and the heat that after hydrothermal treatment consists, solid slag carries is for maintaining the temperature needed for thermophilic fermentation.The temperature that step (6) controls thermophilic fermentation is 50-55 DEG C, and residence time of material 12-25 days, wherein dark green maize straw is preferably 12 days, and Dry corn stalk stalk is preferably 25 days.
Relative to prior art, the biogas preparation technology that the present invention (1) adopts mesophilic digestion, hydrothermal treatment consists, thermophilic fermentation to combine, improves the biogas yield of raw material, shortens fermentation period; (2) first carry out mesophilic digestion to carry out hydrothermal treatment process again and avoid and occur because directly carrying out to raw material the inhibition that hydrothermal treatment consists produces, and improve the efficiency of hydrothermal treatment consists.Principle is that the soluble saccharide of utilization of easily degrading and hemicellulose are converted into methane by mesophilic digestion, solid substance remaining after mesophilic digestion is the Mierocrystalline cellulose of real difficult degradation and xylogen mainly, now carry out hydrothermal treatment consists again, water vapor can directly act on the Mierocrystalline cellulose of real difficult degradation and xylogen thus improve wood fibre structural damage degree.In addition, after mesophilic digestion, easily the soluble saccharide that utilizes of degraded and hemicellulose have been utilized, and now would not produce furfural, furans etc. to the inhibited material of subsequent fermentation carrying out hydrothermal treatment consists; (3) the biogas preparation technology of mesophilic digestion, hydrothermal treatment consists, thermophilic fermentation is utilized with marsh gas power generation residual heat integrative combine, improve maize straw biogas preparation efficiency, reduce the comprehensive energy consumption of system.According to the grade in marsh gas power generation waste heat source, carry out step comprehensive utilization, the efficiency of utilization of system is higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet that maize straw biogas of the present invention prepares coupled electricity-generation residual-heat utilization method embodiment
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, for maize straw biogas of the present invention prepares the process flow sheet of coupled electricity-generation residual-heat utilization method embodiment, comprise the steps: corn straw smashing, modifiedly to heat, mesophilic digestion, solid-liquid separation, hydrothermal treatment consists, thermophilic fermentation, residues heat exchange and solid-liquid separation, natural pond slag are dried, marsh gas power generation and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, be specially:
Step (1) corn straw smashing: the corn stalk powder of collection is broken to particle diameter≤10mm;
Step (2) is modified to be heated: the natural pond liquid after thermophilic fermentation residuum solid-liquid separation and the maize straw after pulverizing are mixed into mixture, regulate total solids mass percentage≤15% of mixture, simultaneously, reclaimed the heat of thermophilic fermentation residuum by mud-water heat exchange, this heat is used for said mixture material and heats;
Step (3) mesophilic digestion: the mixture after modified heating is carried out mesophilic digestion, the heat of water coolant (50-60 DEG C) in Biogas Generator Set and jacket water (85-95 DEG C) is reclaimed by water-water heat exchange, this heat is used for mesophilic digestion temperature raising and maintaining, controlling mesophilic digestion temperature is 35-40 DEG C, and residence time of material is 3-4 days.Wherein, dark green maize straw is preferably 3 days, and Dry corn stalk stalk is preferably 4 days;
Step (4) solid-liquid separation: carry out solid-liquid separation to completing the residues after mesophilic digestion, is separated into liquid and solid slag two portions;
Step (5) hydrothermal treatment consists: the solid slag just after solid-liquid separation carries out hydrothermal treatment consists, heat (steam) employing of hydrothermal treatment consists comes from natural pond slag dries the high-temperature steam produced, the temperature controlling hydrothermal treatment consists is 120-160 DEG C, be preferably 140 DEG C, hydrothermal conditions is 30 minutes;
Step (6) thermophilic fermentation: carry out thermophilic fermentation by after the solid slag after hydrothermal treatment consists and the liquid mixing after solid-liquid separation, liquid is mainly used to the solid slag after to hydrothermal treatment consists and carries out heat exchange cooling, simultaneously, the heat that the solid slag of high temperature carries is for maintaining the temperature needed for thermophilic fermentation, controlling thermophilic fermentation temperature is 50-55 DEG C, and residence time of material is 12-25 days.Wherein, dark green maize straw is preferably 12 days, and Dry corn stalk stalk is preferably 25 days;
Step (7) residues heat exchange and solid-liquid separation: heat exchange is carried out to the residues after thermophilic fermentation, the heat that after having reclaimed thermophilic fermentation by mud-water heat exchange, residuum is contained, and this heat is used for the mixture heating the maize straw after pulverizing in heating step (2) and natural pond liquid; Thermophilic fermentation residuum after heat exchange carries out solid-liquid separation, is separated into natural pond liquid and natural pond slag, and wherein natural pond liquid is mainly through backflow for regulating the total solids mass percentage pulverizing rear maize straw, and unnecessary natural pond liquid discharge, preferentially for agricultural application;
Step (8) natural pond slag is dried: dry the natural pond slag in thermophilic fermentation secondary fermentation residuum, natural pond slag carries out drying for the production of solid organic fertilizer, heat for drying natural pond slag comes from Biogas Generator Set and produces high-temperature flue gas (500-600 DEG C), the moisture content that high-temperature flue gas is taken away in the slag of natural pond forms high-temperature steam, and the heat of high-temperature steam is used for step (5) hydrothermal treatment consists;
Step (9) marsh gas power generation and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN: the biogas produced after collecting step (3) mesophilic digestion and step (6) thermophilic fermentation, carry out cogeneration after purification.Can produce a large amount of waste heats while generating, waste heat exists with three kinds of forms: one is the high-temperature flue gas of 500-600 DEG C, and two is high temperature jacket waters, three of 85-95 DEG C is charge air cooler and lubricating oil water coolants of 50-60 DEG C.The waste heat of these three kinds of different heat grades is fully utilized: the natural pond slag that the high-temperature flue gas that Biogas Generator Set is discharged is directly used in step (8) is dried, and form high-temperature steam, and then be used as the vapour source of step (5) hydrothermal treatment consists; Reclaimed the heat of charge air cooler and lubricating oil water coolant in Biogas Generator Set, high temperature jacket water by water-water heat exchange successively, and this heat is used for the temperature raising and maintaining of step (3) mesophilic digestion material.
Embodiment one
July, collect the dark green maize straw 50 tons just having gathered in the crops Green maize (corn of milk stage), the solids content (TS) of maize straw is 20%, and volatile solid content (VS) is 18%, is crushed to particle diameter≤10mm; Add the natural pond liquid 50 tons after coming from rear end thermophilic fermentation residuum solid-liquid separation, mix with maize straw, the total solids mass percentage regulating mixture is 10%, now mixture temperature about 25 DEG C, the heat of rear end thermophilic fermentation residuum is reclaimed by mud-water heat exchange, and this heat is used for said mixture material with the form of hot water heats, heat to 30 DEG C; Said mixture material after heating is carried out mesophilic digestion, the heat of water coolant (50 DEG C) in Biogas Generator Set and jacket water (85 DEG C) is reclaimed by water-water heat exchange, and this heat is used for the temperature raising and maintaining of mesophilic digestion material with the form of hot water, the temperature controlling mesophilic digestion is 40 DEG C, residence time of material 3 days; Carrying out solid-liquid separation to completing the material after mesophilic digestion, being separated into liquid and solid slag two portions; Solid slag is carried out hydrothermal treatment consists, and heat (steam) employing of hydrothermal treatment consists comes from natural pond slag dries the high-temperature steam produced, and the temperature controlling hydrothermal treatment consists is 120 DEG C, and hydrothermal conditions is 30 minutes; Thermophilic fermentation is carried out by after the solid slag after hydrothermal treatment consists and the liquid mixing after solid-liquid separation, liquid is mainly used to the solid slag after to hydrothermal treatment consists and carries out heat exchange cooling, simultaneously, the heat that the solid slag of high temperature carries is for maintaining the temperature needed for thermophilic fermentation, control thermophilic fermentation temperature 55 DEG C, residence time of material is 12 days; The heat that after having reclaimed thermophilic fermentation by mud-water heat exchange, residuum is contained, and be used for this heat to heat the mixture heating maize straw and natural pond liquid after above-mentioned pulverizing; Thermophilic fermentation residuum after heat exchange carries out solid-liquid separation, is separated into natural pond liquid and natural pond slag, and ton backflow of 50 in the liquid of natural pond be used for regulating the total solids mass percentage of maize straw after pulverizing to be 10%, remaining natural pond liquid is used as Liquid Fertilizer and is discharged into farmland; Natural pond slag carries out drying for the production of solid organic fertilizer, and the heat for drying natural pond slag comes from Biogas Generator Set and produces high-temperature flue gas (500 DEG C), and the moisture content that high-temperature flue gas is taken away in the slag of natural pond forms high-temperature steam, and high-temperature steam is used for above-mentioned hydrothermal treatment consists; Collect the biogas 1860m of mesophilic digestion and thermophilic fermentation generation
3and 4434m
3, amount to 5770m
3, raw material factor of created gase is 617m
3/ tVS; Carry out cogeneration after purification, adopt inlet generating unit, generating efficiency is 2.2kWh/m
3biogas, generated energy is 12694kWh, can produce a large amount of waste heats while generating, and waste heat exists with three kinds of forms: one is the high-temperature flue gas of about 500 DEG C, and two is high temperature jacket waters of about 85 DEG C, and three is charge air cooler and lubricating oil water coolants of 50 DEG C; Fully utilize the waste heat of these three kinds of different heat grades, high-temperature flue gas is directly used in dries natural pond slag and forms high-temperature steam, and then is used as the vapour source of hydrothermal treatment consists; Reclaimed the heat of charge air cooler and lubricating oil water coolant, high temperature jacket water by water-water heat exchange successively, and this heat is used for the temperature raising and maintaining of mesophilic digestion material.
Embodiment two
In September, collect the maize straw 30 tons just having gathered in the crops dry corn (full ripe corn), the solids content (TS) of maize straw is 35%, and volatile solid content (VS) is 30%, is crushed to particle diameter≤10mm; Add the natural pond liquid 57.5 tons after coming from rear end thermophilic fermentation residuum solid-liquid separation, mix with maize straw, regulate the total solids mass percentage 12% of mixture, now mixture temperature about 20 DEG C, the heat of rear end thermophilic fermentation residuum is reclaimed by mud-water heat exchange, and this heat is used for said mixture material with the form of hot water heats, heat to 28 DEG C; Said mixture after heating is carried out mesophilic digestion, the heat of water coolant (55 DEG C) in Biogas Generator Set and jacket water (90 DEG C) is reclaimed by water-water heat exchange, and this heat is used for the temperature raising and maintaining of mesophilic digestion material with the form of hot water, controlling mesophilic digestion temperature is 37 DEG C, and residence time of material is 3.5 days; Carrying out solid-liquid separation to completing the material after mesophilic digestion, being separated into liquid and solid slag two portions; Solid slag is carried out hydrothermal treatment consists, and heat (steam) employing of hydrothermal treatment consists comes from natural pond slag dries the high-temperature steam produced, and the temperature controlling hydrothermal treatment consists is 140 DEG C, and hydrothermal conditions is 30 minutes; Thermophilic fermentation is carried out by after the solid slag after hydrothermal treatment consists and the liquid mixing after solid-liquid separation, liquid is mainly used to the solid slag after to hydrothermal treatment consists and carries out heat exchange cooling, the heat that the solid slag of high temperature carries is for maintaining the temperature needed for thermophilic fermentation, controlling thermophilic fermentation temperature is 53 DEG C, residence time of material 19 days; The heat that after having reclaimed thermophilic fermentation by mud-water heat exchange, residuum is contained, and be used for this heat to heat the mixture heating maize straw and natural pond liquid after above-mentioned pulverizing; Thermophilic fermentation residuum after heat exchange carries out solid-liquid separation, is separated into natural pond liquid and natural pond slag, and ton backflow of 57.5 in the liquid of natural pond be used for regulating the total solids mass percentage of maize straw after pulverizing to be 12%, remaining natural pond liquid is used as Liquid Fertilizer and is discharged into farmland; Natural pond slag carries out drying for the production of solid organic fertilizer, and the heat for drying natural pond slag comes from Biogas Generator Set and produces high-temperature flue gas (550 DEG C), and the moisture content that high-temperature flue gas is taken away in the slag of natural pond forms high-temperature steam, and high-temperature steam is used for above-mentioned hydrothermal treatment consists; Collect the biogas 1200m of mesophilic digestion and thermophilic fermentation generation
3and 3300m
3, amount to 4500m
3, raw material factor of created gase is 500m
3/ tVS; Carry out cogeneration after purification, adopt external generating set, generating efficiency is 2.0kWh/m
3biogas, generated energy is 9000kWh, can produce a large amount of waste heats while generating, and waste heat exists with three kinds of forms: one is the high-temperature flue gas of 550 DEG C, and two is high temperature jacket waters, three of 90 DEG C is charge air cooler and lubricating oil water coolants of 55 DEG C; Fully utilize the waste heat of these three kinds of different heat grades, high-temperature flue gas is directly used in dries natural pond slag form high-temperature steam, and then for the vapour source of hydrothermal treatment consists; Reclaimed the heat of charge air cooler and lubricating oil water coolant, high temperature jacket water by water-water heat exchange successively, and this heat is used for the temperature raising and maintaining of mesophilic digestion material.
Embodiment three
December, the Dry corn stalk stalk stored after collecting air-dry airing 11 tons, the solids content (TS) of maize straw is 90%, and volatile solid content (VS) is 82%, is crushed to particle diameter≤10mm; Add the natural pond liquid 55 tons after coming from rear end thermophilic fermentation residuum solid-liquid separation, mix with maize straw, regulate the total solids mass percentage 15% of mixture, now mixture temperature about 15 DEG C, the heat of rear end thermophilic fermentation residuum is reclaimed by mud-water heat exchange, and this heat is used for said mixture material with the form of hot water heats, heat to 25 DEG C; Said mixture material after heating is carried out mesophilic digestion, the heat of water coolant (60 DEG C) in Biogas Generator Set and jacket water (95 DEG C) is reclaimed by water-water heat exchange, and this heat is used for the temperature raising and maintaining of mesophilic digestion material with the form of hot water, control mesophilic digestion temperature 35 DEG C, residence time of material 4 days; Carrying out solid-liquid separation to completing the material after mesophilic digestion, being separated into liquid and solid slag two portions; Solid slag is carried out hydrothermal treatment consists, and heat (steam) employing of hydrothermal treatment consists comes from natural pond slag dries the high-temperature steam produced, and the temperature controlling hydrothermal treatment consists is 160 DEG C, and hydrothermal conditions is 30 minutes; Thermophilic fermentation is carried out by after the solid slag after hydrothermal treatment consists and the liquid mixing after solid-liquid separation, liquid is mainly used to the solid slag after to hydrothermal treatment consists and carries out heat exchange cooling, the heat that the solid slag of high temperature carries is for maintaining the temperature needed for thermophilic fermentation, controlling thermophilic fermentation temperature is 50 DEG C, residence time of material 25 days; The heat that after having reclaimed thermophilic fermentation by mud-water heat exchange, residuum is contained, and be used for this heat to heat the mixture heating maize straw and natural pond liquid after above-mentioned pulverizing; Thermophilic fermentation residuum after heat exchange carries out solid-liquid separation, is separated into natural pond liquid and natural pond slag, liquid 55 tons of backflows in whole natural ponds is used for regulating the total solids mass percentage of maize straw after pulverizing to be 15%; Natural pond slag carries out drying for the production of solid organic fertilizer, and the heat for drying natural pond slag comes from Biogas Generator Set and produces high-temperature flue gas (600 DEG C), and the moisture content that high-temperature flue gas is taken away in the slag of natural pond forms high-temperature steam, and high-temperature steam is used for above-mentioned hydrothermal treatment consists; Collect the biogas 900m of mesophilic digestion and thermophilic fermentation generation
3and 3150m
3, amount to 4050m
3, raw material factor of created gase is 450m3/tVS; Carry out cogeneration after purification, adopt domestic generating set, generating efficiency is 1.8kWh/m
3biogas, generated energy is 7290kWh, can produce a large amount of waste heats while generating, and waste heat exists with three kinds of forms: one is the high-temperature flue gas of 600 DEG C, and two is high temperature jacket waters, three of 95 DEG C is charge air cooler and lubricating oil water coolants of 60 DEG C; Fully utilize the waste heat of these three kinds of different heat grades, high-temperature flue gas is directly used in dries natural pond slag form high-temperature steam, and then for the vapour source of hydrothermal treatment consists; Reclaimed the heat of charge air cooler and lubricating oil water coolant, high temperature jacket water by water-water heat exchange successively, and this heat is used for the temperature raising and maintaining of mesophilic digestion material.
Be described above a kind of method that maize straw biogas prepares coupled electricity-generation UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN.The present invention is not limited to above embodiment.Anyly do not depart from technical solution of the present invention, namely only improvement that those of ordinary skill in the art know or change are carried out to it, all belong within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a maize straw biogas prepares the method for coupled electricity-generation UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, it is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps: corn straw smashing, modifiedly to heat, mesophilic digestion, solid-liquid separation, hydrothermal treatment consists, thermophilic fermentation, residues heat exchange and solid-liquid separation, natural pond slag are dried, marsh gas power generation and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, is specially:
Step (1) corn straw smashing: by corn straw smashing;
Step (2) is modified to be heated: the natural pond obtained through solid-liquid separation by thermophilic fermentation secondary fermentation residuum
Liquid refluxes, and the maize straw after the natural pond liquid of backflow and described pulverizing is mixed into mixture, carries out heating heat described mixture;
Step (3) mesophilic digestion: by described modified heat after mixture carry out mesophilic digestion;
Step (4) solid-liquid separation: the residues after mesophilic digestion is carried out solid-liquid separation, is separated into liquid and solid slag;
Step (5) hydrothermal treatment consists: the solid slag after solid-liquid separation is carried out hydrothermal treatment consists;
Step (6) thermophilic fermentation: carry out thermophilic fermentation by after the solid slag after hydrothermal treatment consists and the liquid mixing after solid-liquid separation;
Step (7) residues heat exchange and solid-liquid separation: heat exchange is carried out to described thermophilic fermentation secondary fermentation residuum, the heat of residues is reclaimed by heat exchange, and described heat is used for the mixture that heating heats described step (2), thermophilic fermentation residuum after heat exchange is carried out solid-liquid separation, is separated into natural pond liquid and natural pond slag;
Step (8) natural pond slag is dried: dry the natural pond slag in described thermophilic fermentation secondary fermentation residuum, produce high-temperature steam, the heat of described high-temperature steam is used for described step (5) hydrothermal treatment consists;
Step (9) marsh gas power generation and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN: the biogas produced after collecting described step (3) mesophilic digestion and step (6) thermophilic fermentation, cogeneration is carried out after purification, the natural pond slag of the high-temperature flue gas utilizing Biogas Generator Set to discharge to described step (8) is dried, and utilizes the material of heat to described step (3) mesophilic digestion in Biogas Generator Set in water coolant and jacket water to carry out temperature raising and maintaining.
2. maize straw biogas as claimed in claim 1 prepares the method for coupled electricity-generation UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, and it is characterized in that, corn stalk powder is broken to particle diameter≤10mm by described step (1).
3. maize straw biogas as claimed in claim 2 prepares the method for coupled electricity-generation UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, it is characterized in that, total solids mass percentage≤15% in the mixture of described step (2).
4. maize straw biogas as claimed in claim 3 prepares the method for coupled electricity-generation UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, and it is characterized in that, the leavening temperature of described step (3) mesophilic digestion is 35-40 DEG C, and the mixture residence time is 3-4 days.
5. maize straw biogas as claimed in claim 4 prepares the method for coupled electricity-generation UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, it is characterized in that, the temperature that described step (5) controls hydrothermal treatment consists is 120-160 DEG C, and the time of hydrothermal treatment consists is 30 minutes.
6. maize straw biogas as claimed in claim 5 prepares the method for coupled electricity-generation UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, and it is characterized in that, the temperature of described hydrothermal treatment consists is preferably 140 DEG C.
7. maize straw biogas as claimed in claim 6 prepares the method for coupled electricity-generation UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, it is characterized in that, the temperature that described step (6) controls thermophilic fermentation is 50-55 DEG C, residence time of material 12-25 days.
8. maize straw biogas as claimed in claim 7 prepares the method for coupled electricity-generation UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, it is characterized in that, described step (3) the mesophilic digestion mixture residence time, dark green maize straw was preferably 3 days, and Dry corn stalk stalk is preferably 4 days.
9. maize straw biogas as claimed in claim 8 prepares the method for coupled electricity-generation UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, it is characterized in that, the dark green maize straw of described step (6) thermophilic fermentation residence time of material is preferably 12 days, and Dry corn stalk stalk is preferably 25 days.
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