CN101475860B - Method for comprehensive utilization of seaweed biomass - Google Patents
Method for comprehensive utilization of seaweed biomass Download PDFInfo
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- CN101475860B CN101475860B CN2009100459651A CN200910045965A CN101475860B CN 101475860 B CN101475860 B CN 101475860B CN 2009100459651 A CN2009100459651 A CN 2009100459651A CN 200910045965 A CN200910045965 A CN 200910045965A CN 101475860 B CN101475860 B CN 101475860B
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- marine alga
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for comprehensive utilization of seaweed biomass, which belongs to the technical field of resource utilization of marine biomass. Collected seaweeds are dried, cut and crushed, the seaweeds with small particle size are sent into a pyrolysis device to prepare biological oil and fuel gas, produced semicoke waste of the seaweeds is mixed with the seaweeds which are not completely cut and crushed in seaweed refined oil or land biomass such as cut straws and the like, is then added into the mixture to form a mixed material to supply to a boiler of a circulating fluidized bed for combustion, the heat generated by the combustion is converted into steam, and the steam can heat and can also drive a steam turbine to drive a generator for power generation. Clinker produced after the combustion can be used as fertilizer and the like. The method is efficient and clean, and reasonably utilizes rich seaweed resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of seaweed biomass comprehensive utilization method, can realize the omnibearing comprehensive utilization of marine alga system oil, gasification, generating, heat supply, agricultural fertilizer, belong to marine organisms matter technical field of resource utilization.
Background technology
Along with the exhaustion day by day of fossil energy and being on the rise of ecological deterioration problem, the clean regenerative resource of exploitation has become the urgent problem in the 21 century whole world.Nature is being contained a kind of abundant " green " regenerative resource: biomass energy, account for 14% of world energy sources wastage in bulk or weight, and be only second to oil, coal and natural gas.The carrier of biomass energy is living beings.
Living beings refer to any organic substance reproducible or capable of circulation (Timber stands that does not comprise perennation), mainly comprise fuel wood, farm-forestry crop, weeds, municipal solid wastes, sanitary sewage, water plant, fowl and animal excrement etc.According to expert estimation, hundred million tons of about 1400-1800 of biological energy source total amount (dry weight) of annual growth on the earth are equivalent to 10 times of present world total energy consumption.The biomass energy distributed pole is wide, output is huge, and tellurian living beings potentiality can reach 180～200 times of real energy-consuming under perfect condition.Many in the world countries all drop into huge fund research to the utilization of biomass energy.
The whole world mainly is timber and crops to the utilization of energy-source plant on a large scale, and is also fewer to the research of marine organisms matter.And the having a high potential of living marine resources exploitations, wherein seaweed plants has kind more than 10,000 approximately, especially in state-owned wide coastal areas and territorial seas; Littoral more than 14200 kilometer of island; Three or the four thousand kinds of marine algas that growing comprise populations such as red algae, brown alga and green alga, and part marine alga output occupies first place in the world.Marine alga has its unique advantage with respect to land biomass, is grown in the sea, not the land occupation resource; Fast growth is convenient to culture; Of a great variety, all kinds of marine alga seasons of growth are not single, can replace a large amount of breedings, guarantee that annual resource is sufficient, solved the bottleneck problem that biomass resource disperses and receive large-scale application such as season limit.The self-growth and breeding ability of some marine algas is also extremely vigorous simultaneously.In this field, coastal waters, playing area, Olympic Games sailing boat Qingdao, a large amount of madness of assembling of bar Enteromorpha and sheet Enteromorpha (2 kinds of green algas) are grown, and the whole people set out to have cleared up altogether more than 60 ten thousand tons of Enteromorphas.For so huge marine alga amount, the consumption of processed goods such as fertilizer outlet, food is limited in one's ability, can consider using energy source, carries out integrated treatment.The a lot of developed areas of coastal area of china, be fit to the local seaweed biomass energy of exploitation solves local energy shortage problem with suiting measures to local conditions.
Some countries are paying close attention to the exploitation of marine alga using energy source in the world: LiveFuels company declares the conversion that the U.S. will realize marine alga-biomass crude oil in 2010; It is that raw material extracts the methane generating that Japan is also being studied with the marine alga.Because marine alga contains the protein that is more prone to pyrolysis than common terrestrial life matter, lipid and soluble polysaccharide can be produced bio oil with it.But data shows Biomass Energy Utilization that China has a high potential to this type of marine alga seldom, especially utilize the marine alga power field still belong to blank (the pyrolysis characteristics analysis of marine alga. Proceedings of the CSEE,, the 14th phase, 102～106 pages in 2007).
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to the single deficiency of existing marine alga as the biomass energy utilization of resources; A kind of seaweed biomass comprehensive utilization method is proposed; Take all factors into consideration ecological, environmental protective, economy, using energy source and social effect; Realize the scientific utilization marine algae resource, for marine alga comprehensive, efficient, economical, rationally utilize effective way be provided.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; The present invention with the marine alga drying of gathering after cutting and grinding, the marine alga of small grain size is sent into pyrolysis installation produces bio oil and obtain combustion gas, in the marine alga semicoke discarded object that is generated and the marine alga oil refining not cutting and crushing completely marine alga mixes or adds land biomass such as stalk formation mixed material again through cutting; Supply with burning in circulating fluid bed boiler; The heat that burning generates is converted into steam, can heat supply, also can drive generator for electricity generation by driving steam turbine.The lime-ash that the burning back produces can be used for fertilizer etc.
Seaweed biomass method of comprehensive utilization of the present invention comprises following concrete steps:
The marine alga of 1, collecting is after super-dry; Cut or be ground into length or diameter less than 50mm, sieve then, wherein length or diameter are sent into the pyrolysis installation pyrolysis less than the marine alga of 8mm; The required heat of pyrolysis is from heating furnace; Pyrolysis temperature is 400-700 ℃, and heating rate is 100-10000 ℃/s, and the time of staying is less than 5s.
2, the oil gas of pyrolysis generation is sent into separator again behind apparatus for supercooling, and separator is separated into seaweed bio oil, combustion gas and flying dust with marine alga oil gas, stores respectively and utilization.
3, the semicoke discarded object that produces after the pyrolysis and the length of sieving out or diameter mix greater than the marine alga of 8mm, as the fuel of supplying with CFBB.Can also add common land abandoned biomass, for example stalk etc. carries out multifuel combustion, and ignition temperature is generally about 750-850 ℃.
4, in the CFBC process, can the based on fuel sulfur content, lime stone is added in the fuel, as desulfurization medium, lime stone is calcined in bed and is generated CaO, CaO can with the SO in the flue gas
2Reaction further generates CaSO
4, reduced SO
2Discharging.The lime stone adding proportion confirms according to the quality of the sulfur content of fuel combination itself, makes to add behind the lime stone that the mol ratio of calcium sulphur is 2-3 in the fuel, and desulfurized effect can reach more than 90%.
5, the heat of fuel generation is converted into steam, can send into the steam heating device as heat supply working medium, and the heat energy of steam changes kinetic energy into through steam turbine simultaneously, drives generator for electricity generation.
6, the lime-ash that produces behind the CFBC, owing to contain more sylvite, sodium salt, and other soil improvement materials (elements such as Mg, P and Ca) can further be used for making fertilizer or be used for manufacture of cement etc.
In the above-mentioned steps 3 of the present invention, the ash fusion point that is suitable for marine alga and common land abandoned biomass kind is not less than 1000 degree, and the mixture low heat valve is generally greater than 5MJkg-1.
In the above-mentioned steps 3 of the present invention, in the fuel combination, the ordinary student material generally will cut or be crushed to length less than 30mm.
Burning bed material described in the present invention in the recirculating fluidized bed is typically chosen in the less river sand of particle diameter.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: (1) the present invention has realized utilizing mode science, innovation with the omnibearing comprehensive utilization of marine alga as the system oil of biomass resource, heat supply, generating, agricultural composting, also has high economic, environment and social benefit; (2) the semicoke discarded object that marine alga system oil is produced mixes the fuel as recirculating fluidized bed with marine alga or other ordinary student material of greater particle size, has realized the changing rejected material to useful resource efficient clean utilization in the marine alga system oil process; (3) utilize the CFBC mode, method is simple, and cost is low, and high efficiency adds lime stone and can reach excellent desulfurizing effect, and fluid bed internal control simultaneously is made as low-temperature burning, also helps controlling generation and the discharging of heating power type NOx; (4) residual ash can also be made fertilizer and cement etc. behind the circulating combustion, has made full use of resource; (5) adopt Combustion technology of circulating fluidized to use marine alga semicoke and marine alga former state mixed material,, reduced the magnitude of recruitment of medium materials because marine alga is high ash amount fuel, thereby has improved efficiency of combustion; (6) solve unnecessary marine alga problem behind a large amount of plantation marine algas, formed restoration of the ecosystem and using energy source industrial chain, utilized marine algae resource more rationally, fully.
The present invention has fully rationally realized comprehensive complex optimum utilization of marine algae resource, has high economic, environment and social benefit, can be applicable in China's Coastal Areas.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is marine alga comprehensive utilization schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the embodiment of the invention is further described, but the content of embodiment is not used in qualification protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, be marine alga comprehensive utilization schematic flow sheet of the present invention.The practical implementation step is following:
1, support in nearly marine site, land and plant marine alga, the marine alga after the collection can be used as energy resources and carries out using energy source, and marine alga is after super-dry; Become the marine alga of length less than 50mm through cutting and grinding, wherein particle diameter is sent into a hopper less than the marine alga of 8mm, and all the other marine algas are sent into another hopper; Particle diameter carries out heat scission reaction less than the marine alga of 8mm in pyrolysis installation; The general 400-700 of pyrolysis installation temperature ℃, heating rate is 100-10000 ℃/s, and the time of staying is less than 5s; The required heat of pyrolysis is from heating furnace, and the required combustion gas of heating furnace is from algal oil and flying dust and combustion gas separator.
2, the gas of pyrolysis generation is sent into algal oil and flying dust and combustion gas separator behind the oil gas cooling device; Algal oil and flying dust and combustion gas separator are separated into seaweed bio oil, combustion gas and flying dust with the marine alga oil gas of cooling; Flying dust is sent into the flying dust storehouse; The combustion gas storage tank is sent in combustion gas, or supplied with fuel cell and gas turbine utilization, oil is sent into the seaweed bio oil tank.
3, marine alga is collected in the semicoke storehouse through the semicoke that produces after the pyrolysis.Marine alga former state in the hopper is mixed with semicoke in the semicoke storehouse.Can be as required, granularity is the living beings (stalk etc.) under the 30mm in the mixing interpolation ordinary student material storehouse.The low heat valve of mixed material is generally greater than 5MJkg-1.Mixed material sent in the fuel combination storehouse store.During operation mixed material being sent into CFBB burns.The burning bed material is typically chosen in the less river sand of particle diameter, and ignition temperature is generally about 750-850 ℃, belongs to low-temperature burning, can keep the activity of lime-ash.
4, in the CFBC process; Can the based on fuel sulfur content; Lime stone is added in the fuel by hopper, and as desulfurization medium, the lime stone adding proportion is confirmed according to the quality of the sulfur content of fuel combination itself; Make to add behind the lime stone that the mol ratio of calcium sulphur is 2-3 in the fuel, desulfurized effect can reach more than 90%.
5, the steam that produces after the burning can partly be given heating plant and be used for heat supply, and remainder is delivered to TRT, changes heat energy into kinetic energy through steam turbine, drives generator for electricity generation.
6, the lime-ash that produces after the burning, a part are to send into cinder tank after flying dust is carried the separation seizure through deduster by flue gas, and another part is that end slag is also sent into cinder tank behind end slag ash storehouse.Lime-ash contains sylvite, sodium salt, and Mg, P and Ca element, can a part be used for being used for production of chemical fertilizer, and another part is used for the cement manufacturing.Thereby realized the comprehensive high-efficiency utilization of seaweed bio mass-energy resource.
Claims (2)
1. a seaweed biomass comprehensive utilization method is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The marine alga of 1) collecting is after super-dry; Cut or be ground into length or diameter less than 50mm, sieve then, wherein length or diameter are sent into the pyrolysis installation pyrolysis less than the marine alga of 8mm; The required heat of pyrolysis is from heating furnace; Pyrolysis temperature is 400-700 ℃, and heating rate is 100-10000 ℃/s, and the time of staying is less than 5s;
2) oil gas of pyrolysis generation is sent into separator again behind apparatus for supercooling, and separator is separated into seaweed bio oil, combustion gas and flying dust with marine alga oil gas, stores respectively and utilization;
3) the semicoke discarded object that produces after the pyrolysis and the length of sieving out or diameter mix greater than the marine alga of 8mm, as the fuel of supplying with CFBB, add or do not add land abandoned biomass and carry out multifuel combustion, and ignition temperature is 750-850 ℃; Wherein, the ash fusion point that is suitable for marine alga and land abandoned biomass kind is not less than 1000 degree, and the mixture low heat valve is greater than 5MJkg
-1
4) in the CFBC process, the based on fuel sulfur content adds lime stone in the fuel as desulfurization medium, and the mol ratio of calcium sulphur is 2-3 in the fuel behind the adding lime stone, and lime stone is calcined in bed and generated CaO, the SO in CaO and the flue gas
2Reaction generates CaSO
4, reduce SO
2Discharging, and desulfurized effect is reached more than 90%;
5) heat of fuel generation is converted into steam, sends into the steam heating device as heat supply working medium, and the heat energy of steam changes kinetic energy into through steam turbine simultaneously, drives generator for electricity generation;
6) lime-ash that produces behind the CFBC contains sylvite, sodium salt, and Mg, P and Ca element, uses it for and makes fertilizer or be used for manufacture of cement.
2. according to the seaweed biomass comprehensive utilization method of claim 1, it is characterized in that in the step 3) that said land abandoned biomass is through cutting or be crushed to length less than 30mm.
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| CN2009100459651A CN101475860B (en) | 2009-01-22 | 2009-01-22 | Method for comprehensive utilization of seaweed biomass |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101665386B (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2012-07-25 | 中国科学技术大学 | Organic mixed fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN101893234B (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2011-11-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Biomass boiler capable of realizing combined combustion of synthesis gas and semicoke |
| CN102002381B (en) * | 2010-11-05 | 2013-06-12 | 合肥工业大学 | Method for preparing biological oil from algae biomass through direct catalytic liquefaction method |
| CN102125066B (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2013-06-05 | 安徽师范大学 | Preparation method for sustained-release composite biological algicide |
| CN106701310B (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2021-03-30 | 华南理工大学 | Comprehensive utilization method of green alga biomass resources |
| CN108676561B (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2020-04-24 | 大连理工大学 | In-situ preparation method and application of coastal petroleum polluted soil remediation agent |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101033405A (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2007-09-12 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Method of pyrolyzing large-scale seaweed into liquid fuel and gas fuel |
| CN101182925A (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2008-05-21 | 上海交通大学 | Iso-denseness seaweed biomass circulating fluid bed burn processing method |
| CN101333447A (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2008-12-31 | 上海交通大学 | Process for preparing bio-oil by co-pyrolyzing marine algae and land biomass |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101033405A (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2007-09-12 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Method of pyrolyzing large-scale seaweed into liquid fuel and gas fuel |
| CN101182925A (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2008-05-21 | 上海交通大学 | Iso-denseness seaweed biomass circulating fluid bed burn processing method |
| CN101333447A (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2008-12-31 | 上海交通大学 | Process for preparing bio-oil by co-pyrolyzing marine algae and land biomass |
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