CN101475297A

CN101475297A - Anaerobic fermentation method for treating garbage by using wastewater

Info

Publication number: CN101475297A
Application number: CNA2008100194069A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 庄维健
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-01-01
Filing date: 2008-01-01
Publication date: 2009-07-08

Abstract

The invention discloses an anaerobic fermentation method for treating pollution by using pollution, and belongs to the field of domestic garbage treatment engineering. The invention adopts the key point that the method does not need to shorten anaerobic decomposed period of garbage to adopt the processes of separating, crushing, forcibly stirring and the like for the primary garbage, which acquires methane benefit but have too high cost, so the invention provides a silo with the characteristic of flexible silo body to statically and hermetically store the garbage for a long time. The silo has the following advantages: 1, the primary garbage is directly fed into the silo and then sealed and stored, does not need to carry out other intervention except frequently spraying sewage, and has lower operation cost; 2, the primary garbage has long enough decomposed period, can ensure thorough curing of the garbage and obtain large amount of marsh gas, and can consume large amount of external sewage and obtain the effect of treating pollution by using pollution; 3, the garbage in the silo is fully isolated with the external environment so as to achieve zero pollution of environmental benefits; and 4, the thoroughly decomposed garbage is quite favorable for a subsequent comprehensive treatment process, such as mechanical separating, manufacturing organic fertilizer, making bricks, burning and the like.

Description

A kind of with dirty pollution treatment anaerobic fermentation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind ofly with dirty pollution treatment anaerobic fermentation method, specifically be meant the method for solid waste and the common anaerobically fermenting of organic sewage, is to belong to domestic garbage comprehensive treatment project technical field.

Background technology

Solid waste of the present invention mainly is meant domestic refuse, and all contain the solid matter of anaerobically fermenting but other also comprises carcase, plant, human and animal excreta, rubbish from cooking, municipal sludge etc.

Domestic refuse mainly contains two kinds by the prior art that anaerobically fermenting obtains biogas at present:

The first obtains biogas from refuse landfill.The advantage of this method is that procurement cost is low, treats that the landfill yard landfill waste is abundant, and normally when being about to closing, direct cannulation goes into by the extraction of landfill waste depths to get final product.The shortcoming of this method is that anaerobic methane production efficient is poor, and atmosphere pollution, this is because landfill yard is in wide-open environment, in the rubbish can the rotten organism overwhelming majority be to become thoroughly decomposed at good oxygen condition (or half good oxygen condition), several years such as have only even make more than 10 years when before enough thick rubbish tectum (generally about 10 meters) being arranged by the landfill waste top, could really make before to be in anaerobic state by landfill waste, but this moment in the rubbish can rotten organism seldom.But we can feel still that sometimes the category sludge gas amount is very big, and that only is because by the quantity of refuse of the landfill cause that is too big really.

It two is rubbish to be stored in the sealed vessel through anaerobically fermenting obtain biogas.The advantage of this method is to obtain biogas efficient height because in the rubbish can rotten organism be in substantially fully become thoroughly decomposed in the anaerobic environment stable.Weak point is that to expend cost too high, mainly expends: gentle circulation ventilation etc. is pulverized, forces to stir, added to refuse classification (organic waste is sorted out), organic waste.All these cost costs all are to become thoroughly decomposed as early as possible in order to quicken organic waste, shorten the anaerobically fermenting cycle, generally can be controlled in 30 days.The enough subsidies of anarchy although consequently the biogas benefit is fine, but still are not enough to offset cost, if will be difficult to keep on the go.

Existing storing bulk material silo generally adopts steel construction or skeleton construction, finishes in case build, and its warehouse height all is changeless.The warehouse material is except that satisfying the requirement of strength, adequate thickness also must be arranged to form the rigidity that whole silo body has resistance to deformation, so just can guarantee no matter buy securities with all one's capital or hole capital after selling all securities in the silo, whole silo body all is stable, we are referred to as " rigidity silo " this silo, and existing silo belongs to the rigidity silo substantially.

Because of the warehouse thickness of rigidity silo is to thicken with the silo capacity, so if build large vol rigidity silo, cost can be very expensive.

Summary of the invention

The present invention approves of and adopts the sealed vessel high-level efficiency to obtain the technical scheme of biogas, but some notional innovations are arranged in addition: think that expending the great number operating charges is used for forcing the shortening garbage anaerobic fermentation cycle to there is no need fully, exactly think on the contrary and can utilize long characteristic of rubbish nature anaerobically fermenting cycle to eliminate external sewage, and further simultaneously increase biogas benefit.Thereby the destructor plant of setting up by the inventive method still sewage work simultaneously, sewage is eliminated factory more precisely, because the net result of sewage disposal is zero release.

Technical scheme of the present invention is: adopt a kind of method of silo body height dynamic change that makes to build silo with vast capacity, because it is this method can make silo body do very thinly, therefore cheap.

Because silo body of the present invention is very thin, so the stable silo inner stuffing material that must rely on of bed rearrangement silo supports, if material increases in the silo, then silo body should increase, otherwise, as if the minimizing of the interior material of silo then silo body must descend thereupon.If it is stable that very thin silo body in the filling support that is not having material than big vertical direction spatial, will be difficult to keep, perhaps a gust of wind can blow down it, so silo of the present invention has " flexible warehouse " feature.

The present invention adopts a plurality of rubbish silos with " flexible warehouse " feature that domestic refuse is implemented totally-enclosed anaerobically fermenting, not sorting of crude waste (i.e. " new refuse ") the static anaerobically fermenting in the silo of directly packing into, except that regular spray sewage to keep the rubbish high humidity, do not carry out other artificial and mechanical intervention.Carrying out the subsequent technique processing through reaching the domestic refuse taking-up that to become thoroughly decomposed thorough again after several months even 1 year.

Rubbish needs to consume large quantity of moisture in anaerobic fermentation process, it is far from being enough only relying on the water content of this life of rubbish in the digest process that reaches several months even 1 year, draw sewage outside so just needing to replenish and enter silo top spray rubbish, often keep in the silo rubbish high-moisture and help the anerobe breeding, increase biogas output and the acceleration process of becoming thoroughly decomposed, every day, an amount of for several times spray sewage just seemed necessary like this, after several months even 1 year, the spray sewage quantity of accumulative total will be very considerable.

Be provided with sludge gas collecting device in the sealing silo, the biogas of discharge is produced by two aspects: the anaerobically fermenting of first rubbish; It two is anaerobic digestions of sewage, and concentration of wastewater is higher, and the biogas amount of generation is many more.

Domestic refuse can not produce pollution after becoming thoroughly decomposed thoroughly substantially again, is very beneficial for multiple comprehensive processing technique thereafter yet, as mechanical sorting, making fertilizer, burning, brickmaking, even landfill etc.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing specific implementation method of the present invention is described in further detail:

Fig. 1 is the silo longitudinal diagram, i.e. C among Fig. 2-C section;

Fig. 2 is a silo top flat sectional drawing, i.e. A among Fig. 1-A section;

Fig. 3 is another flat sectional drawing of silo, i.e. B among Fig. 1-B section;

Fig. 4 is a warehouse cylindrical section stereographic map;

Fig. 5 is a warehouse cylindrical section stretch-out view;

Fig. 6 is local drawing, i.e. a D node among Fig. 3 of silo body plane;

Fig. 7 is upper and lower two warehouse cylindrical section assembly unit synoptic diagram.

Mark in the accompanying drawing: 1. silo base; 2. sewage; 3. buttress; 4. flase floor; 5. wet well; 6. outfall sewer; 7. silo body; 8. silo pushes up; 9. upper hose; 10. shower; 11. water tank; 12. effuser; 13. annular gas collection cage; 14. biogas pipe; 15. rubbish; 16. ground; 17. stud; 18. ring muscle; 19. grid; 20. packing cloth

Mark is described further in the accompanying drawing:

Silo base 1 is a circular steel reinforced concrete cesspool.

Buttress 3 is used for supporting and built on stilts flase floor 4.

Store house refuse 15 on the flase floor 4, rubbish 15 interior sewage flow into cesspool 1 through flase floor 4 slits. Wet well 5 compiles in the cesspool 1 sewage 2 and discharges through downcomer 6.

High density polyethylene film, paulin or glass steel cover gas-tight silo top are adopted in silo top 8.

Shower 10 adopts engineering plastics pipe rubbish 15 end faces in silo evenly to distribute, and the tube wall perforate can spray sewage. To water tank 11, each shower 10 is connected water tank 11 bottoms to water pump lifting sewage through upper hose 9, if office Section's shower 10 tube wall apopores stop up, water tank 11 automatically spill-overs of interior sewage.

Discharge 12 adopts the tube wall gas permeable material to make, such as plastic blind-ditch or flexible porous tube etc. Each discharge 12 Compile the biogas that rubbish 15 anaerobic fermentations produce in the silo and enter annular gas collection cage 13. Annular gas collection cage 13 adopts glass Glass steel grating plate or section steel manufacture are wrapped up in GSZ outward, are placed in rubbish 15 heaps and form toroidal cavity, and annular is empty The biogas of collecting in the chamber discharges by biogas pipe 14, discharges that biogas can generate electricity or burning etc.

Single warehouse cylindrical section is intersected by ring muscle (reinforcing bar) 18 studs (band steel band) 17 and forms warehouse skeleton, lattice Aperture plate (wire netting or earth work grille net) 19 colligations on the warehouse skeleton, packing cloth (high density polyethylene Film) 20 sticks on composition on the grid 19.

Silo body 7 is vertically to be formed by stacking by a plurality of warehouse cylindrical sections, upper strata warehouse cylindrical section bottom ring muscle 18 is connected with lower floor warehouse cylindrical section top layer ring muscle 18 colligations during stack, and warehouse cylindrical section packing cloth 20 downward extensions in upper strata cover and paste lower floor warehouse cylindrical section packing cloth 20 tops.

Specific implementation method

Embodiment: the somewhere needs day processing 230 cubic metres of domestic refuses (about 180 tons), and supposing needed sealed storage 8 months after rubbish puts in storage (being the rubbish decomposed period), and then rubbish silo design considerations is as follows:

Plan to build 20 meters of rubbish silo diameters, 22 meters of center line averages, then single silo volume is about 6900 cubic metres, per diem advances 230 cubic metres of meters of rubbish, and whenever filling 1 silo needs one-month period.As storing 8 months by rubbish is a decomposed period, then needs to build 10 rubbish silos altogether and can satisfy and recycle, and wherein 8 are in and fill sealed state, and 1 discharging of all the other 1 chargings is in open state, can not count decomposed period.

Fill 1 silo and need one-month period to calculate by above-mentioned, if also need to prolong decomposed period, 1 silo of then every increase just can make decomposed period prolongation 1 month.

By building 10 silos, before garbage feeding, finish following main fundamental construction:

1. build and finish 10 Steel Concrete sewage lagoons, promptly the silo base 1.

2. build a shared ditch of pipeline, its role is to:

2.1. a following supply mains and sump pump are arranged in the pipe alley, and each silo outfall sewer 6 and one draw waste pipe outward and is communicated with following supply mains by valve control separately, following supply mains connects the sump pump water-in.Open or close by each valve control like this, sump pump can extract sewage in any silo sewage lagoon, or draws sewage outward.

2.2. have one to go up the supply mains in the pipe alley, each silo upper hose 9 is communicated with last supply mains by valve control separately, last supply mains connects the sump pump water outlet.Open or close by each valve control like this, sump pump can be to any silo top spray sewage.

2.3. a biogas house steward and induced draft fan are arranged in the pipe alley, and each silo biogas pipe 14 is communicated with the biogas house steward by valve control separately, the biogas house steward connects induced draft fan.Open or close by each valve control like this, the biogas that induced draft fan can extract in any silo flows to generating set.

3. build road surface, place 16, buy gantry crane and installation.

4. building earlier 1～2 warehouse cylindrical section, can to satisfy operation be garbage feeding, later on along with the increase of garbage feeding amount continues to build the warehouse cylindrical section again.Final as long as build 9 silo bodies 7 because during normally runing, always have a silo at discharging and a silo in charging, just at the silo of discharging and just can a shared silo body 7 at the silo of charging.

Normal operation step is as follows:

Crude waste (being new refuse) enters disposal site → rubbish and (promptly breaks plastics bag through mechanical broken bag, this is optional operation) after pack into barrel → barrel be transported under the charging silo → gantry crane promotes barrel and unloads rubbish and go into silo → along with the 15 inlet amount increases of rubbish in the silo warehouse cylindrical section that upwards superposes, and install sludge gas collecting device (effuser 12 and annular gas collection cage 13) → rubbish 15 be filled up to install behind the design height sprinkling system (shower 10 and water tank 11) → silo top 8 seal → several times continued spray sewage rubbish 15 were in the high humidity state all the time in the silo to keep at interval every day, discharge the full sewage that no longer sprayed in 6 days before 8 months of biogas → sealed storage simultaneously, but the spray clear water washed matured waste about 3 days → stops to spray clear water 3 days and pushes up the open a position discharging → along with the warehouse cylindrical section is successively removed in rubbish 15 load increases from top to bottom of 8 covertures and sprinkling system with part moisture → dismounting storehouse in the dried rubbish of feeling well naturally, warehouse cylindrical section under removing is delivered to the charging silo by gantry crane and installs, progressively remove the charging again (new refuse) again after sludge gas collecting device → the matured waste discharging is finished in the discharging silo, repeat above-mentioned steps.

The present invention adopts the big capacity silo with " flexible warehouse " feature that house refuse is carried out long-time sealed storage, and the benefit of doing like this has:

1. crude waste needn't sorting and pulverizing, but the decrease operating cost.

2. needn't carry out other manpower and mechanical intervention during the rubbish storage except the self-timing spray, operating cost very Low.

3. many various solid materials not of uniform size are arranged in the rubbish, and thoroughly becoming thoroughly decomposed needs the long period, builds enough a plurality of Large-scale Silo structure can make decomposed period fully prolong, and it is more many to consume sewage than long decomposed period, and is real Now with dirty pollution treatment effect.

4. because silo is the sealing structures, silo internal contamination thing and external environment are fully isolated, so can realize Environmental Effect Benefit zero is polluted.

5. Economic and Efficiency Analysis: show according to interrelated data, if the thorough anaerobic digestion of house refuse per ton can produce the natural pond About 160 cubic metres of gas. If rough estimate produces 100 cubic metres of biogas by every cubic metre of rubbish, produce after its generating Benefit is about 100 yuan.

230 cubic metres of this example day disposals of refuse then can obtain 2.3 ten thousand yuan of marsh gas power generation benefits every day.

Below also do not count the biogas benefit that spray sewage produces, if concentration of wastewater enough high then generation the biogas benefit very To surpassing rubbish.

Can collect sewage disposal expense to the sewage source place in addition.

6. help comprehensive utilization: conventional garbage comprehensive processing technique (be make fertilizer, brickmaking or other) all needs matured waste to do starting material, and is that the degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed is thorough more good more.

Claims

1. one kind with dirty pollution treatment anaerobic fermentation method, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:

The solid waste (15) that do not become thoroughly decomposed continues charging in a silo, and silo body (7) increases with inlet amount and continues rising during this period; And

Continue to imbed sludge gas collecting device (12,13) in the fill process at the solid waste that do not become thoroughly decomposed (15); And

The solid waste (15) that do not become thoroughly decomposed continues after charging reaches design height spray equipment (10,11) to be installed in silo; And

Silo top (8) covers and coverture and silo body sealing; And

In the silo between the sealed shelf lives of solid waste (15) water pump repeatedly lifting sewage is to being stored solid waste (15) end face spray and descend, and sludge gas collecting device (12,13) collection biogas is discharged outside silo; And

After the solid waste in the silo (15) arrival ideal is become thoroughly decomposed degree, open silo top (8) coverture and remove spray equipment (10,11); And

The lasting taking-up solid waste (15) that become thoroughly decomposed carries out subsequent disposal, and silo body (7) increases with load and continues to descend during this period; And

Continue to remove sludge gas collecting device (12,13) in the discharging process at the solid waste that becomes thoroughly decomposed (15); And

Solid waste (15) discharging of having become thoroughly decomposed in the silo is finished; And

In silo, pack into once more and do not become thoroughly decomposed solid waste (15) and repeat above-mentioned steps.

2. a kind of according to claim 1 with dirty pollution treatment anaerobic fermentation method, it is characterized in that: repeatedly lifting sewage is to being stored solid waste (15) end face spray and descending for water pump between the sealed shelf lives of solid waste (15), and described sewage mainly is to draw sewage outward.

3. a kind of according to claim 1 with dirty pollution treatment anaerobic fermentation method, it is characterized in that: silo top (8) cover sealing back solid waste (15) sealed storage 100 days at least.

4. a kind of according to claim 1 with dirty pollution treatment anaerobic fermentation method, it is characterized in that: silo top (8) covers the solid waste (15) that is stored after the sealing and is no less than 1,000 cubic metres.

5. a kind of according to claim 1 with dirty pollution treatment anaerobic fermentation method, it is characterized in that: further comprising the steps of: the solid waste that do not become thoroughly decomposed (15) reinstalls earlier silo after broken bag.

6. a kind of according to claim 1 with dirty pollution treatment anaerobic fermentation method, it is characterized in that: further comprising the steps of: sewage (2) is through suitably spraying the solid waste (15) that seals in the silo again after the heating.