DC-DC buck converter and ripple improve circuit
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of DC-DC buck converter and ripple thereof and improve circuit, the particularly a kind of DC-DC buck converter and ripple thereof that can improve output ripple improves circuit.
Background technology
Electronic product now is more and more higher to the requirement of operating voltage, and some supply voltages commonly used can't satisfy the requirement of many electronic products.And in present power supply design, more and more use voltage conversion circuit.As supply voltage is with central processing unit (CPU), DIMM (Dual Inline MemoryModule, dual inline memory module) etc. during for load, often need the input voltage of power supply is converted to the output voltage that is fit to loaded work piece, thereby just can make the load operate as normal.
Using comparator and rest-set flip-flop to constitute in the DC-to-DC decompression converting circuit (BUCK circuit) of feedback, as shown in Figure 8, needing to use oscillator (Osillator) 921 to provide triggering signal as trigger 909.Usually determine to be input to the amplitude and the frequency of flop signal by oscillator 921, and come the conducting of control switch with closed by the high/low level of trigger 909 outputs.When DC-to-DC decompression converting circuit 901 work, the conducting by switch 903 is with closed, makes input voltage pass through inductance L and exports stable output voltage V out.But the electric current by inductance L is that a direct current and a ripple current (ripple) are formed by stacking, and this ripple current is to produce when the conducting of switch and closure.In order to obtain a real direct current output and power-supply system normally to be operated, should reduce this ripple current as much as possible.General solution is by adding the equivalent series resistance of a plurality of output capacitances at output, making ripple current pass through the electric capacity inflow place.But this method has higher cost.
No. 0057836 invention of TaiWan, China patent application disclosed a kind of synthetic ripple adjuster 100 for the DC to DC converter use.As shown in Figure 1, this synthetic ripple adjuster 100 can produce a boost voltage waveform, and the boost voltage waveform can effectively duplicate the waveform ripple current by output inductor 101, and uses the conversion of boost voltage Waveform Control comparator 103.Fig. 2 is a kind of embodiment of the synthetic ripple adjuster 100 of Fig. 1, and the voltage of inductor 203 is passed in trsanscondutance amplifier 201 monitoring, and provides an electric current of representing inductor voltage to ripple waveform capacitor 205, thereby produces the boost voltage waveform.Use is duplicated inductor current and is carried out the ripple adjusting so that output ripple and low, input voltage feed forward and simplified compensation.
No. 0057836 invention of TaiWan, China patent application reduced ripple output effectively, but it has adopted a plurality of components and parts, also has higher cost.And this invention also is not suitable for comparator and rest-set flip-flop constitutes the DC-to-DC decompression converting circuit of feedback.
No. 0057836 file of TaiWan, China patent application disclosed a kind of direct current to the DC boosting conversion equipment, as shown in Figure 3, it comprises booster circuit 301, ring oscillator 303, bleeder circuit 305, pulse-frequency modulation (PFM) comparator 307, logic control element 309.Booster circuit 301 is in order to boost operating voltage to produce VD.Ring oscillator 303 is in order to produce an oscillator output signal.Bleeder circuit 305 carries out dividing potential drop to produce a feedback voltage at VD.Pulse-frequency modulation (PFM) comparator 307, it is feedback voltage and a reference voltage relatively, and produces the output of a comparator output signal with the control generator output signal.Logic control element 309 is in order to reduce the ripple of VD.
The invention that No. the 0057836th, the TaiWan, China patent application utilizes pulse-frequency modulation (PFM) comparator 307, compare feedback voltage and reference voltage, to produce a comparator output signal, in order to the output of control generator output signal signal, and pass through the ripple that logic control element 309 reduces VD.The logic control element 309 of this invention is applicable to the DC-to-DC voltage up converting circuit, but can not solve the existing high problem of DC-to-DC change-over circuit ripple reduction method cost.
In sum, there is the cost problem of higher in existing DC-to-DC decompression converting circuit ripple reduction method.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of DC-DC buck converter, to solve DC-to-DC decompression converting circuit ripple reduction method cost problem of higher in the prior art.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of ripple and improves circuit, to solve DC-to-DC decompression converting circuit ripple reduction method cost problem of higher in the prior art.
The invention provides a kind of DC-DC buck converter, in order to input voltage is converted to lower output voltage, comprise switch in order to the conducting in the path between control input voltage and output voltage and cut-off state, usefulness so that the filter circuit that output voltage tends towards stability, in order to according to the comparison circuit of an asserts signal of output voltage output, in order to the reset signal generating circuit that produces a reset signal and in order to come the trigger of control switch unlatching and closed condition according to asserts signal and reset signal.Electric capacity and ripple that reset signal generating circuit comprises oscillator, be external to oscillator improve circuit.Ripple improves circuit and is connected to oscillator and electric capacity, in order to the charging interval of adjusting to electric capacity, thus the maximum duty cycle of adjustment reset signal, to improve the output ripple of DC-DC buck converter.
According to the described DC-DC buck converter of preferred embodiment of the present invention, ripple improves circuit and comprises power input and resistance.Power input is in order to provide voltage.One end of resistance is connected to oscillator and electric capacity, and the other end connects power input, and it is in order to produce an electric current, regulates charging interval of electric capacity and adjusts the maximum duty cycle of reset signal, to improve the output ripple of DC-DC buck converter.Power input connects most, and DC-DC buck converter provides input voltage electrical power source.Trigger is a rest-set flip-flop.Switch is a field effect transistor.
The present invention provides a kind of ripple to improve circuit in addition, in order to improving the output ripple that constitutes the DC-DC buck converter of feedback by comparator and trigger, it connects the reset signal generating circuit that the trigger of DC-DC buck converter most provides a reset signal.The electric capacity that this reset signal generating circuit comprises oscillator and is external to oscillator.This ripple improves circuit and comprises power input and resistance.Power input is in order to provide voltage.One end of resistance is connected to oscillator and electric capacity, and the other end connects power input, and it is in order to produce an electric current, regulates charging interval of electric capacity and adjusts the maximum duty cycle of reset signal, to improve the output ripple of DC-DC buck converter.
The present invention improves circuit because of having adopted ripple, therefore can pass through to regulate the charging interval to the oscillator external capacitor, thereby adjusts the maximum duty cycle of the reset signal that sends to trigger, to improve the output ripple of DC-DC buck converter.And it is simple that ripple of the present invention improves circuit structure, and it is convenient to realize, not only can satisfy performance index but also reduced cost.
Description of drawings
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the synthetic ripple adjuster of No. 0057836 patent of TaiWan, China patent application;
Fig. 2 is a kind of synthetic ripple regulator circuit figure of Fig. 1 embodiment;
Fig. 3 is that the direct current of No. 0057836 patent of TaiWan, China patent application is to DC boosting conversion device structure figure;
Fig. 4 is a kind of DC-DC buck converter circuit diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is a kind of reset signal generating circuit work schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is a kind of reset signal oscillogram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 improves circuit connecting circuit figure for a kind of ripple of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of existing a kind of DC-to-DC decompression converting circuit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, specify the present invention.
The present invention proposes a kind of novel feedforward (Feedforward) method, can reach the purpose that reduces DC-DC buck converter 401 output ripples (ripple) by regulating maximum duty cycle to suitable size.
See also Fig. 4, it is a kind of DC-DC buck converter circuit diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
DC-DC buck converter 401 is in order to be converted to input voltage lower output voltage.This DC-DC buck converter 401 comprises switch 403, filter circuit 405, comparison circuit 407, trigger 409 and reset signal generating circuit 411.Switch 403 connects input 417 and filter circuit 405 respectively, and switch 403 is a field effect transistor among Fig. 4.Filter circuit 405 is connected to output 413, and inductance L and shunt capacitance C have formed this filter circuit 405.Comparison circuit 407 is connected to output 413, and it comprises divider resistance R2 and R3 and comparator 419.Comparison circuit 407 and reset signal generating circuit 411 are connected to two inputs of trigger 409 jointly, trigger 409 is a rest-set flip-flop in the present embodiment, its set end (S end) links to each other with comparison circuit 407, and reset terminal (R end) links to each other with reset signal generating circuit 411.Trigger 409 links to each other with switch 403 through a buffer 415 backs.Reset signal generating circuit 411 comprises that oscillator 421, external capacitor Ct and the ripple of being made up of power input 423 and resistance R 1 improve circuit 425.
During these DC-DC buck converter 401 work, make comparisons with a reference voltage Vref after its output voltage V out process resistance R 2 and the R3 dividing potential drop.If output voltage V out process voltage after partial is greater than reference voltage Vref, then comparator 419 is to the set end output low level of trigger 409, and when the reset terminal of trigger 409 when to receive reset signal that reset signal generating circuit 411 sends be high, the output of trigger 409 (Q end) is exported a low level through buffer 415 backs to switch 403.Switch 403 receives the low level of trigger 409 transmissions and disconnects input 417 to the path between the output 413.If output voltage V out process voltage after partial is less than reference voltage Vref, then comparator 419 is to the set end output high level of trigger 409, and receiving reset signal that reset signal generating circuit 411 sends when low when the reset terminal of trigger 409, the output of trigger 409 (Q end) is exported a high level through buffer 415 backs to switch 403.Switch 403 receives high level that trigger 409 sends and conducting input 417 to the path between the output 413.Input voltage vin is the more stable output voltage V out of wave circuit 405 back outputs after filtration.
Because the ripple of output 413 is relevant with the switch conduction break period of DC-DC buck converter 401, so present embodiment is provided with ripple and improves circuit 425 in reset signal generating circuit 411.See also Fig. 5, it is reset signal generating circuit 411 course of work schematic diagrames.Oscillator 421 comprises two current source Ichange and Idischange, and electric current I change is to capacitor C t charging, and electric current I dischange discharges to capacitor C t.Power input 423 produces an electric current I ff and helps electric current I change to capacitor C t charging after inserting input voltage vin on resistance R 1, therefore just can reach the purpose in the charging interval of control capacittance Ct by the resistance of regulating resistance R 1.See also Fig. 6, it is a kind of reset signal oscillogram of the embodiment of the invention.Dotted line is the waveform of reset signal when ripple not being set in the prior art improving circuit 425, and solid line is the waveform of reset signal when being provided with ripple and improving circuit 425.Therefore the charging interval by control capacittance Ct can change the maximum duty cycle of reset signal, and concrete computing formula is as follows:
T
ON=C
T*V
RAMP/∑I
CHARGE
T
OFF=C
T*V
RAMP/∑I
DISCHARGE
T
S=(T
ON+T
OFF)
Wherein
DMODImprove the maximum duty cycle that obtains behind the circuit 425 for being provided with ripple.
Because of the maximum duty cycle of reset signal changes changed the reset terminal high-low level change-over period of trigger 409, thereby the conducting break period of trigger 409 control switchs 403 also changes, because of the conducting break period of switch 403 relevant with output ripple, so improve circuit 425 and regulate the output ripple that DC-DC buck converter 401 could be adjusted and improve to value that ripple improves resistance R 1 in the circuit 425 by ripple is set.
Ripple of the present invention improves circuit and both can be arranged in the DC-DC buck converter, also can external and DC-DC buck converter, see also Fig. 7, and it improves circuit connecting circuit figure for a kind of ripple of the embodiment of the invention.
DC-DC buck converter 701 is in order to be converted to input voltage lower output voltage.This DC-DC buck converter 701 comprises switch 703, filter circuit 705, comparison circuit 707, trigger 709 and reset signal generating circuit 711.Switch 703 connects input 717 and voltage stabilizing circuit 705 respectively, and switch 703 is a field effect transistor among Fig. 7.Filter circuit 705 is connected to output 713, and inductance L and shunt capacitance C have formed this filter circuit 705.Comparison circuit 707 is connected to output 713, and it comprises divider resistance R2 and R3 and comparator 719.Comparison circuit 707 and reset signal generating circuit 711 are connected to two inputs of trigger 709 jointly, trigger 709 is a rest-set flip-flop in the present embodiment, its set end (S end) links to each other with comparison circuit 707, and reset terminal (R end) links to each other with reset signal generating circuit 711.Trigger 709 links to each other with switch 703 through a buffer 715 backs.Reset signal generating circuit 711 comprises oscillator 721 and external capacitor Ct.Ripple improves circuit 725 and is external in DC-DC buck converter 701, and it is connected to the reset signal generating circuit 711 of DC-DC buck converter 701.Ripple improves circuit 725 and comprises resistance R 1 and power input 723.One end of resistance R 1 is connected to oscillator 721 and external capacitor Ct, power input 723 is connected to the other end of resistance R 1, in order to the voltage input to be provided and in resistance R 1, to produce an electric current, thereby regulate charging interval of capacitor C t and adjust the maximum duty cycle of reset signal, to improve the output ripple of DC-DC buck converter 701.
During these DC-DC buck converter 701 work, make comparisons by comparator 719 and a reference voltage Vref after output voltage V out process resistance R 2 and the R3 dividing potential drop.If output voltage V out process voltage after partial is greater than reference voltage Vref, then comparator 719 is to the set end output low level of trigger 709, and when the reset terminal of trigger 709 when to receive reset signal that reset signal generating circuit 711 sends be high, the output of trigger 709 (Q end) is exported a low level through buffer 715 backs to switch 703.Switch 703 receives the low level of trigger 709 transmissions and disconnects input 717 to the path between the output 713.If output voltage V out voltage after partial is less than reference voltage Vref, then comparator 719 is to the set end output high level of trigger 709, and receiving reset signal that reset signal generating circuit 711 sends when low when the reset terminal of trigger 709, the output of trigger 709 (Q end) is exported a high level through buffer 715 backs to switch 703.Switch 703 receives high level that trigger 709 sends and conducting input 717 to the path between the output 713.Input voltage vin is the more stable output voltage V out of wave circuit 705 back outputs after filtration.
Present embodiment improves the reset signal generating circuit 711 that circuit 725 is external to DC-DC buck converter 701 with ripple, and by on resistance R 1, produce an electric current come control capacittance Ct charging interval (among principle and above-mentioned Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 ripple improve when being connected to reset signal generating circuit 411 in the circuit 425 identical, repeated description no longer here).And can adjust the maximum duty cycle of the reset signal that reset signal generating circuit 711 sends to trigger 709 by the charging interval of control capacittance Ct, thereby change switch 703 conductings and the cycle that ends.And the output ripple of DC-DC buck converter 701 and switch 703 conductings are relevant with the cycle that ends, therefore can be by regulating the output ripple that value that ripple improves resistance R 1 in the circuit 725 is improved DC-DC buck converter 701.
The present invention improves circuit because of having adopted ripple, therefore can pass through to regulate the charging interval to the oscillator external capacitor, thereby adjusts the maximum duty cycle of the reset signal that sends to trigger, to improve the output ripple of DC-DC buck converter.And it is simple that ripple of the present invention improves circuit structure, and it is convenient to realize, not only can satisfy performance index but also reduced cost.
More than disclosed only be several specific embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, any those skilled in the art can think variation, all should drop in protection scope of the present invention.