CN109980935A - Self-adaptive turn-off time timer with adjustable switching frequency - Google Patents
Self-adaptive turn-off time timer with adjustable switching frequency Download PDFInfo
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- CN109980935A CN109980935A CN201910337233.3A CN201910337233A CN109980935A CN 109980935 A CN109980935 A CN 109980935A CN 201910337233 A CN201910337233 A CN 201910337233A CN 109980935 A CN109980935 A CN 109980935A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adaptive turn-off time timer with adjustable switching frequency, which comprises an on-chip LDO circuit, a resistor string voltage division circuit, a capacitor charging and discharging circuit, a two-stage filter circuit, a comparator circuit and an off-chip switching frequency adjusting resistor, wherein the on-chip LDO circuit is connected with the resistor string voltage division circuit; the input voltage is respectively connected to the input ends of the LDO circuit and the resistor string voltage division circuit; the output end of the LDO circuit is connected to the positive input end of the comparator; the output end of the resistor string voltage division circuit is connected with the input of the two-stage filter, and the output of the filter is connected with the negative input end of the comparator; SW connecting piece external switch frequency adjusting resistor RfreqAnd connected to the source of the PMOS; the gate voltage LS _ GA of the switching tube is connected with the gates of the NMOS and PMOS switches, and the capacitor CcThe upper plate of which is connected with the positive input end of the comparator. The invention solves the problem of on-chip and off-chip electromagnetic compatibility caused by the change of the switching frequency along with the turn-off time in the COT framework; the capacitor can be charged and compared with the input voltage, so that the on-chip switching frequency is constant and the off-chip switching frequency is adjustable, and the electromagnetic compatibility is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind to be directed to switching frequency of DC-DC booster type (boost type) converter under COT scheme control
Adjustable adaptive turn-off time timer circuit.
Background technique
With the development of science and technology, people are increasing for the demand of electronic product, for the performance of electronic product
It is required that it is also increasingly harsher, and " heart " of the switching power converter as electronic product, it is widely used in industry, army
The fields such as thing, business, when for high-performance processor power supply, whole system shows that work is lower and lower, and integrated level is increasingly
Height, volume is smaller and smaller, and transient state converts more and more frequent trend.DC-DC converter with frequency of adaptive switch has
High theory and commercial value.
Switching power converter is by utilizing the energy between magnetic energy energy-storage travelling wave tube inductance and electric energy energy-storage travelling wave tube capacitor
Conversion realizes the function of boosting, decompression or buck, to have the function that transform power.According to inductance, capacitor and switching tube
The transformation of position can form different topological structures, including booster type (boost type), voltage-dropping type (buck type) and buck
Type (buck-boost type).
During studying switching power converter, often by the turn-on time of switching tube (turn-off time of lock-in tube)
It is denoted as Ton, the time time of conducting (lock-in tube) of switching tube shutdown is denoted as Toff, in continuous conduction mode (Continuous
Conduction Mode, CCM) under, the switch periods of converter are equal to Ton+Toff, it is denoted as Tsw, the switching frequency etc. of converter
In 1/Tsw, it is denoted as fsw.For DC-DC boost converter, Ton(lock-in tube shutdown) is connected in moment switching tube, on inductance
Voltage be equal to Vin- 0, inductive current rises at this time；ToffMoment switching tube turns off (lock-in tube conducting), the voltage etc. on inductance
In Vin-Vout, V at this timeoutGreater than Vin, inductive current decline, the amount that inductive current rises when a steady state is reached is equal to decline
Amount, converter enter next switch periods.
During converter work, inductive current can be made to drop to 0 under certain operating conditions, converter work at this time is disconnected
Under continuous conduction mode (Discontinuous Conduction Mode, DCM), work as ToffAfter moment, inductance in order to prevent
Electric current, which flows backward, reduces transducer effciency or damage element, it will usually introduce zero passage detection to turn off lock-in tube, at this time switching tube with
Lock-in tube simultaneously turns off, and the turn-off time is denoted as T, and since switching tube and lock-in tube simultaneously turn off, high-impedance state can be presented in SW node,
It is highly prone to disturb, therefore a period of time can be shaken under the action of inductance, until switch periods terminate.
The modulation system of switching power converter can be divided into pulse width modulation (Pulse Width
Modulation, PWM) mode and pulse frequency modulated (Pulse Frequency Modulation, PFM) mode, PWM mode
Refer to that switching frequency remains unchanged, the pulse width by changing switching tube driving signal realizes the control to output voltage；PFM
Mode refers to that pulse width remains unchanged, and output voltage is controlled by regulating switch frequency, traditional COT mode is due to only protecting
The homeostasis for having held the turn-off time with no restrictions to entire switch periods is consequently belonging to one kind of PFM mode.
The control model of the switching power converter of early stage is divided into voltage-mode control and current-mode control, voltage-mode control
It is by being compared using output voltage as feedback signal with the ramp signal that oscillator generates, output drive signal controls
The switching tube of converter, current-mode control include two feedback control loops, and voltage feedback loop is by by output voltage signal and base
Calibration signal is exported by error amplifier, and the error amplification signal of output and the inductance sampled current signals of current feedback loop are folded
Add, the switching tube of common driving transducer, realizes the control to output voltage.In recent years, it is controlled by the COT based on ripple control
Mode is widely applied, and since it does not need error amplifier and the simple characteristic of loop, is very suitable to apply in high speed
It is former although COT control has the characteristics that loop is simple, transient response is fast and light-load efficiency is high in the power supply plan of processor
The COT control model of beginning is difficult to obtain commercialization because of the uncontrollable of its CCM mode lower switch frequency.Scholars are in COT control
ToffIt improves, to obtain ACOT control model, i.e. the adaptive constant turn-off time controls.
It is being applied to require in more harsh chip transient response speed, ACOT control model is preferred, however its
Electromagnetic interference problem is also badly in need of solving.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as that traditional COT control model lower switch frequency is non-constant, emi characteristics are poor, the present invention
It proposes a kind of adjustable adaptive turn-off time timer circuit of switching frequency, adjusts resistance simultaneously by introducing piece external switch frequency
By output voltage and input voltage and turn-off time ToffIt is associated, realizes that switching frequency in piece is constant, and piece external switch frequency can
The function of tune improves the emi characteristics of COT mode.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of adjustable adaptive turn-off time timer circuit of switching frequency mainly divides electricity by LDO circuit, resistance string
Road, capacitor charge and discharge circuit, two stage filter circuit, comparator circuit and piece external switch frequency adjust resistance composition；Input voltage
It is respectively connected to the input terminal of LDO circuit and resistance string bleeder circuit；The positive input terminal of LDO circuit output end access comparator；Electricity
The input terminal of resistance string bleeder circuit output end access dual stage filter, the negative input end of filter output access comparator；SW connects
Contact pin external switch frequency adjusts resistance RfreqAnd it is connected to the source electrode of PMOS；The grid voltage LS_GA connection NMOS and PMOS of switching tube
The grid of switch, capacitor CcTop crown connection comparator positive input terminal.
Further, the LDO circuit is made of capacitor and Zener diode, by input voltage to capacitor charging, is made
The Zener diode in parallel with capacitor reaches stable breakdown voltage, to generate the supply voltage of timer circuit.
Further, the resistance string bleeder circuit is by input voltage VinDivided according to Ohm's law, obtain with it is defeated
Enter the directly proportional voltage of voltage, using the obtained voltage directly proportional to input voltage as the input of two stage filter.
Further, the two stage filter circuit is filtered the voltage directly proportional to input voltage twice, filters out hair
After thorn and noise, obtain being similar to the DC voltage kV directly proportional to input voltagein, wherein k is the partial pressure coefficient of resistance string, then
The kV that will be obtainedinNegative as comparator inputs.
Further, the capacitor charge and discharge circuit utilizes output voltage VoutIt flows through switching frequency and adjusts resistance RfreqAfterwards
Electric current IchgIt charges, the time of charging is turn-off time Toff, and charging voltage VcPositive as comparator is defeated
Enter；It, will be on capacitor by the NMOS tube and PMOS tube that are controlled by switching tube driving voltage when switching tube is connected, and lock-in tube turns off
Voltage release, to open the timing of next turn-off time.
Further, the comparator circuit is by VcAnd kVinIt is compared, works as VcGreater than kVinWhen, comparator exports set
Signal, set signal realize DC-DC boost converter by rear class trigger and logical signal driving switch pipe and lock-in tube
Function.
Further, described external switch frequency adjusts resistance by adjusting output voltage VoutTo the electric current of capacitor charging
Ichg, to change charging time Toff, since circuit itself has adaptivity, work as VinWith VoutWhen not changing, ToffOccur
Change, the switching frequency of entire DC-DC boost converter can change correspondingly, the resistance value of switch resistance can be needed according to user and
Application requirement voluntarily selects.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: adjusting resistance and will be defeated by introducing piece external switch frequency
Voltage and input voltage and turn-off time T outoffIt is associated, realizes that switching frequency in piece is constant, and piece external switch frequency is adjustable
Function improves COT control model lower switch constancy of frequency and emi characteristics.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is COT framework DC-DC boost converter topological model；
Fig. 2 is the adjustable adaptive turn-off time timer circuit of switching frequency；
Timer is delayed when Fig. 3 is output 9v；
Timer is delayed when Fig. 4 is output 12v；
Fig. 5 is ToffWith VoutRelation curve；
Fig. 6 is ToffWith VinRelation curve；
Fig. 7 is VinFor 3.5v, VoutFor 9v, RfreqConverter switch periods when for 250k Ω；
Fig. 8 is VinFor 3.5v, VoutFor 9v, RfreqConverter switch periods when for 135k Ω；
Specific embodiment
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is made furtherly below with reference to specific attached drawing and example
It is bright.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of circuit diagram of the adjustable adaptive turn-off time timer of switching frequency, mainly by LDO electricity
Road, resistance string bleeder circuit, capacitor charge and discharge circuit, two stage filter circuit, comparator circuit and piece external switch frequency adjust electricity
Resistance composition.Input voltage is respectively connected to the input terminal of LDO circuit and resistance string bleeder circuit；The access of LDO circuit output end is compared
The positive input terminal of device；Resistance string bleeder circuit output end accesses the input terminal of dual stage filter, filter output access comparator
Negative input end；SW connection sheet external switch frequency adjusts resistance RfreqAnd it is connected to the source electrode of PMOS；The grid voltage LS_GA of switching tube
Connect the grid of NMOS and PMOS switch, capacitor CcTop crown connection comparator positive input terminal.
Specifically, the LDO circuit is made of LDO circuit capacitor and Zener diode, pass through VinAnd IbiasTo wherein
Capacitor charging, so that the Zener diode in parallel with capacitor is reached stable breakdown voltage, to generate the confession of timer circuit
Piezoelectric voltage VddAnd comparator COMP is accessed, the supply voltage as comparator；Resistance string bleeder circuit is by ReqAnd RkComposition, Req
For the series equivalent of multiple resistance, by input voltage VinIt is divided, is obtained directly proportional to input voltage according to Ohm's law
Voltage, and access is output it by R1、C1And R2、C2The dual stage filter of composition；The capacitor charge and discharge circuit utilizes output electricity
Press VoutIt flows through switching frequency and adjusts resistance RfreqElectric current I afterwardschgIt charges, the time of charging is turn-off time Toff, and
Charging voltage VcPositive as comparator inputs；When switching tube is connected, and lock-in tube turns off, by driving electricity by switching tube
The NMOS tube and PMOS tube of voltage-controlled system release the voltage on capacitor, to open the timing of next turn-off time；R1、
C1、R2、C2The dual stage filter of composition is after filtering filters out burr and noise, output and VinDirectly proportional DC voltage
kVin；Wherein k is the partial pressure coefficient of resistance string, then the kV that will be obtainedinNegative as comparator COMP inputs, comparator
As a result pass through VcompEnd output, the input as the end set-reset flip-floop S；SW connection sheet external switch frequency adjusts resistance RfreqAnd it connects
To the source electrode of PMOS, electric current is generated as charge and discharge capacitance charging, the grid of grid voltage LS_GA the connection NMOS and PMOS switch of switching tube
Pole determines that charge and discharge capacitance is in charge or discharge stage, capacitor CcThe positive input terminal of top crown connection comparator COMP；Outside piece
Switching frequency adjusts resistance by adjusting output voltage VoutTo the electric current I of capacitor chargingchg, to change charging time Toff, by
There is adaptivity in circuit itself, work as VinWith VoutWhen not changing, ToffIt changes, entire DC-DC boost converter
Switching frequency can change correspondingly, the resistance value of switch resistance can be needed according to user and application requirement voluntarily select.
Basic knowledge by DC-DC boost converter is available, the switching frequency f of converterswWith VoutAnd Toff's
Product is inversely proportional, with VinDirectly proportional, i.e., switching frequency is non-constant, to make switching frequency constant, needs to allow ToffWith VinIt is directly proportional,
With VoffIt is inversely proportional, (constant conduction timer is needed) in previous voltage-dropping type COT converter, due to VoutWith VinDifference compared with
It is small, it is therefore desirable to which that one accurately follows VinThe electric current of variation is to capacitor charging, to guarantee VinWith TonIt is inversely proportional, often using single
Position gain buffer, and this method is very high to the switching frequency required precision in piece, needs complicated frequency circuit for rectifying, mentions
The high cost and difficulty of chip design.
In the present embodiment, due to output voltage VoutWith input voltage VinDifference it is very big, i.e. VoutWith electricity after capacitor charging
Press VcDifference it is very big, therefore V can be usedout-VcThe electric current I that resistance obtains is adjusted divided by piece external switch frequencychgIt is approximately direct ratio
In VoutElectric current, due to switching frequency adjust resistance outside piece, user can accurately be determined by the resistance value of regulating switch resistance
Switching frequency, save the cost reduce the complexity of circuit, and the relationship between piece external switch resistance and the switching frequency of converter is
RfreqWith Cc、k、fswProduct be inversely proportional, RfreqResistance is adjusted for piece external switch frequency, k is that resistance string divides coefficient, fswTo become
Parallel operation switching frequency.
As shown in Fig. 2, being COT framework DC-DC boost converter topological model, wherein Off_Timer is shutdown timing
Device module, when system reaches stable state, when a switch periods start, switching tube is turned off, switching tube driving voltage VLS_GAFor low electricity
Usually, the NMOS pipe shutdown in Fig. 1, PMOS tube are opened, VswThat is VoutResistance R is adjusted by switching frequencyfreqGenerate charging electricity
Flow IchgFor capacitor CcCharging, as voltage VCReach kVinWhen, comparator exports high level pulse, and the end S of set-reset flip-floop is set at this time
Position, trigger export high level, switching tube driving voltage VLS_GAFor high level, switching tube is opened, and NMOS tube is opened at this time, PMOS
Pipe turns off, and the charge on capacitor is released to ground by NMOS tube, even if circuit waits next period.
Embodiment 2
It can see from Fig. 3, Fig. 4 on the basis of embodiment 1, when output voltage is 9V and 12V, comparator
Delay is respectively 21ns and 19ns, and the response speed of comparator is good.From fig. 5, it is seen that in the output of 4.5V to 12.5V
In voltage range, turn-off time ToffAnd VoutIn inversely prroportional relationship, it will be seen from figure 6 that in the input of 2.5V to 12.5V
In voltage range, TonWith VinApproximation meets proportional relationship.From Fig. 7, Fig. 8 it can be seen that in VinFor 3.5v, VoutWhen for 9v,
Resistance R is adjusted by changing frequency outside piecefreqThe adjustment that can be realized switching frequency, works as RfreqWhen for 250K Ω, switch periods are
1.671us, i.e. switching frequency are 598KHz；RfreqWhen for 135K Ω, switch periods 1.012us, i.e. switching frequency are
988KHz meets the relationship between the outer frequency adjusting resistance of the piece above derived and the switching frequency of converter, therefore, this
Invention can be realized set function, and functional.
The above is specific embodiments of the present invention, and it is not intended to limit the concept and scope of the present invention, in this base
The various improvement carried out on plinth and equivalents all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of adjustable adaptive turn-off time timer of switching frequency, it is characterised in that: including LDO circuit, resistance in piece
String bleeder circuit, capacitor charge and discharge circuit, two stage filter circuit, comparator circuit and piece external switch frequency adjust resistance；Input
Voltage is respectively connected to the input terminal of LDO circuit and resistance string bleeder circuit；The positive input of LDO circuit output end access comparator
End；Resistance string bleeder circuit output end accesses the input terminal of dual stage filter, the negative input end of filter output access comparator；
SW connection sheet external switch frequency adjusts resistance RfreqAnd it is connected to the source electrode of PMOS；The grid voltage LS_GA connection NMOS of switching tube and
The grid of PMOS switch, capacitor CcTop crown connection comparator positive input terminal.
2. the adjustable adaptive turn-off time timer of switching frequency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Interior LDO circuit includes capacitor and Zener diode, provides the supply voltage V of entire timer circuitdd。
3. the adjustable adaptive turn-off time timer of switching frequency according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the electricity
String bleeder circuit is hindered by input voltage VinIt is divided according to Ohm's law, obtains the voltage directly proportional to input voltage, will
Input of the voltage directly proportional to input voltage arrived as two stage filter.
4. the adjustable adaptive turn-off time timer of switching frequency according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the electricity
Hold charge-discharge circuit and utilizes output voltage VoutIt flows through switching frequency and adjusts resistance RfreqElectric current I afterwardschgIt charges, charging
Time is turn-off time Toff, and charging voltage VcPositive as comparator inputs；When switching tube is connected, lock-in tube is closed
When disconnected, the voltage on capacitor is released by the NMOS tube and PMOS tube that are controlled by switching tube driving voltage, to open
The timing of next turn-off time.
5. the adjustable adaptive turn-off time timer of switching frequency according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described two
Grade filter circuit the voltage directly proportional to input voltage is filtered twice, after filtering out burr and noise, obtain being similar to and
The directly proportional DC voltage kV of input voltagein, wherein k is the partial pressure coefficient of resistance string, then the kV that will be obtainedinAs comparator
Negative input.
6. the adjustable adaptive turn-off time timer of switching frequency according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the ratio
Compared with device circuit by VcAnd kVinIt is compared, works as VcGreater than kVinWhen, comparator exports set signal, and set signal is touched by rear class
Device and logical signal driving switch pipe and lock-in tube are sent out, realizes the function of DC-DC boost converter.
7. the adjustable adaptive turn-off time timer of switching frequency according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described
External switch frequency adjusts resistance by adjusting output voltage VoutTo the electric current I of capacitor chargingchg, to change charging time Toff, by
There is adaptivity in circuit itself, work as VinWith VoutWhen not changing, ToffIt changes, entire DC-DC boost converter
Switching frequency can change correspondingly.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910337233.3A CN109980935A (en) | 2019-04-25 | 2019-04-25 | Self-adaptive turn-off time timer with adjustable switching frequency |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910337233.3A CN109980935A (en) | 2019-04-25 | 2019-04-25 | Self-adaptive turn-off time timer with adjustable switching frequency |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109980935A true CN109980935A (en) | 2019-07-05 |
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ID=67086217
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910337233.3A Pending CN109980935A (en) | 2019-04-25 | 2019-04-25 | Self-adaptive turn-off time timer with adjustable switching frequency |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110286706A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-09-27 | 杭州必易微电子有限公司 | Control circuit and control method |
| CN113489321A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-08 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十八研究所 | Control method and circuit for automatically adjusting output voltage ripple |
-
2019
- 2019-04-25 CN CN201910337233.3A patent/CN109980935A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110286706A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-09-27 | 杭州必易微电子有限公司 | Control circuit and control method |
| CN113489321A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-08 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十八研究所 | Control method and circuit for automatically adjusting output voltage ripple |
| CN113489321B (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2023-09-12 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十八研究所 | Control method and circuit for automatically adjusting output voltage ripple |
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