CN101463785A - 用于喷射流体的喷射阀 - Google Patents
用于喷射流体的喷射阀 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101463785A CN101463785A CNA2008101860989A CN200810186098A CN101463785A CN 101463785 A CN101463785 A CN 101463785A CN A2008101860989 A CNA2008101860989 A CN A2008101860989A CN 200810186098 A CN200810186098 A CN 200810186098A CN 101463785 A CN101463785 A CN 101463785A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- laser
- hole
- spray
- pulse
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 4
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000191291 Abies alba Species 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000931526 Acer campestre Species 0.000 description 1
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001208 nuclear magnetic resonance pulse sequence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/062—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam
- B23K26/0622—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam by shaping pulses
- B23K26/0624—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam by shaping pulses using ultrashort pulses, i.e. pulses of 1ns or less
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
- B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
- B23K26/389—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring of fluid openings, e.g. nozzles, jets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/36—Arrangements for supply of additional fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1853—Orifice plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
- F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/80—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
- F02M2200/8046—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly the manufacture involving injection moulding, e.g. of plastic or metal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/80—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
- F02M2200/8069—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly involving removal of material from the fuel apparatus, e.g. by punching, hydro-erosion or mechanical operation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
- F02M2200/9007—Ceramic materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
提出一种用于喷射流体的喷射阀，尤其用于内燃机发燃料喷射装置或废气装置，具有至少一个设置在陶瓷体中的喷射孔(18)。为了制造具有小于1μm公差的高几何精确的喷射孔，这对于达到高的雾化度和可重复再现的喷射流体流取向具有重大意义，所述喷射孔(18)借助激光器(20)在陶瓷体中切割出，该激光器发射具有0.01至100ps范围内的极短脉冲持续时间的脉冲。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于喷射流体的喷射阀，尤其用于内燃机的燃料喷射装置或排气装置。
背景技术
一种已知的用于内燃机燃料喷射装置的喷射阀(DE 10 2005 061 424A1)具有一个塑料制成的、管状的阀座支架，在其下游下端部中装有一个陶瓷的阀座体。在阀座支架与阀座体之间的连接通过压入实现，其中，在陶瓷阀座体上构成的“圣诞树结构”埋入到阀座支架的塑料中并且钩在那里。在阀座体上构成一个围绕阀孔的阀座，它与被克服阀关闭弹簧的复位力驱动的阀针上的关闭体共同作用，以封闭和释放阀孔。在阀孔的下游在阀座体前面设置了一个金属制成的喷射孔盘，在喷射孔盘中设置有四个通过腐蚀或冲压成形的喷射孔。
一种已知的、可电磁操作的、用于混合压缩、强迫点火式内燃机的燃料喷射设备的喷射阀(DE 44 15 850 A1)具有一个管状的金属的阀座支架，它焊入阀壳体中。在处于下游的、敞开的阀座支架管端部中，通过焊接装有一个圆柱形的阀座体。在阀座体中构成两个喷射孔。在喷射孔的上游，阀座体承载一个阀座，与可被克服阀关闭弹簧的复位力电磁操作的阀针上的关闭体共同作用，以封闭和释放阀孔。
在一种已知的、用于通过激光射线产生150μm以下范围内微孔、例如用于制造内燃机喷嘴的方法中(DE 199 05 571 A1)，通过调整激光射线的射线几何形状和/或射线参数如聚焦数和功率密度，产生所确定的孔几何特征。在此，孔入口上的孔径由聚焦到工件表面上的激光射线的焦直径确定，其它的孔走向以及孔出口上的直径则受到射线焦散面、激光脉冲强度和射线质量的影响。附加地将激光射线置于摆动运动，其中，激光射线以角频率旋转，使得其射线轴描写一个锥形外表面，由此工件上的焦点被沿着与孔轴线同轴的圆形轨迹引导。
在一种已知的用于通过激光器的激光射线对工件去除材料的装置中(DE 199 20 813 A1)，为了改善孔质量，射到工件上的激光射线由至少两种激光脉冲组合成，它们在激光波长和/或脉冲持续时间和/或激光强度和/或脉冲间隔方面不相同。通过具有较长脉冲持续时间的激光脉冲，即使对于小的激光强度也引起大的材料去除并由此引起更快的钻孔进度，而具有较短脉冲持续时间的激光脉冲尤其在激光强度高的情况下负责强烈的离子形成，它消除孔壁上的材料沉积，由此提高孔精度。在此，不同类型的激光脉冲交替地射到工件上。两种激光脉冲可以用一个激光器产生或者用两个分开的激光器产生，其中这些激光射线借助一个光学装置汇聚到一起。在后一种情况下两个分开的激光器在其作用方式方面可被优，即，一个激光器被设计用于实现高的钻孔速度而另一激光器被设计用于产生高的钻孔精度。
在一种已知的用于通过激光射线将微孔加工到金属工件中的方法中(DE 100 54 853 A1)，激光射线由一短激光脉冲序列组成，这些短激光脉冲具有恒定的、纳秒范围内的很短的脉冲持续时间。聚焦到工件上的激光连续地沿着与孔轴线同轴的圆形轨迹运动并且附加地被置于绕其射线轴旋转。为了实现具有向孔出口逐渐增大的孔横截面的确定的孔锥度，使激光射线的焦电位置相对于工件表面在孔轴向上改变和/或减小聚焦数和/或随着激光射线到工件中的进入深度的增加而加大脉冲能量。
发明内容
根据本发明，提出一种用于喷射流体的喷射阀，尤其用于内燃机发燃料喷射装置或废气装置，具有至少一个设置在陶瓷体中的喷射孔，其中，所述至少一个喷射孔借助激光器在陶瓷体中切割出，该激光器发射具有极短脉冲持续时间的脉冲。
该喷射阀的优点是，通过将所述至少一个喷射孔加工到陶瓷体中，该喷射阀适合于计量地喷射还原剂水溶液如尿素水溶液(Add Blue)或含甲酸铵的尿素水溶液(Denoxium)，用于内燃机的废气后处理，因为一方面陶瓷体与金属体不同是耐氧化和耐酸的，另一方面，干扰功能的尿素结晶不能那么强地附着在陶瓷表面上。通过借助发射特别短脉冲的激光器、如所谓UKP激光器来切割至少一个喷射孔，喷射孔具有公差小于1μm的高精度几何特征，这对于实现高的雾化度和高精度的射出流体束取向具有非常大的意义。通过UKP激光切割达到的喷射孔壁表面结构与喷射孔出口的高的锐棱边性相结合对此具有重要作用。省去了所制成的喷射孔的再加工如昂贵的钻孔边缘去毛刺。能够制造具有任意孔形状和任意取向的喷射孔。
有利的是，所述喷射孔以激光脉冲的脉冲持续时间切割，所述脉冲持续时间为0.01至100ps，最好为0.1至20ps。
有利的是，围绕所切割的喷射孔的孔壁的表面具有取决于激光器的波长和极化的均匀的、微米和亚微米范围内的精密结构。
有利的是，在该精密结构上叠加一个处于微米范围内的粗结构。
有利的是，围绕所述至少一个喷射孔的入口和出口的棱边是锐棱的并且无毛刺。
有利的是，该陶瓷体是一个被接收在阀座支架中的阀座体，在其上构成一个阀座，该阀座与一阀元件协同作用以封闭和释放所述至少一个喷射孔。
有利的是，所述陶瓷体是一喷射孔盘，它在一阀孔的下游设置在包含该阀孔的阀座体前面，该阀座体具有一围绕该阀孔的阀座，该阀座与一阀元件协同作用以封闭和释放所述阀孔。
有利的是，该陶瓷体是以CIM(陶瓷注射成型)方法制成的。
根据本发明，还提出一种用于在陶瓷体中、尤其在喷射阀的阀座体或喷射孔盘中制造喷射孔的方法，其中，通过一激光器将该喷射孔切割到所述陶瓷体中，该激光器发射具有极短脉冲持续时间的脉冲。
有利的是，调整该激光器的脉冲具有在0.01至100ps之间范围内、最好在0.1至20ps之间的脉冲持续时间。
有利的是，该激光切割交替地以发出具有较短脉冲持续时间和几十焦/厘米2小能量密度的激光脉冲的切割周期与发出具有较长脉冲持续时间和较高能量密度的激光脉冲的切割周期进行。
附图说明
在下面的描述中借助附图中所示实施例详细解释本发明。附图中示出：
图1用于内燃机燃料喷射装置的喷射阀的纵剖面局部，
图2变化的喷射阀的与图1相同的视图，
图3用于描述在陶瓷体中制造喷射孔的激光切割装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1中以局部剖面图示出的用于喷射流体的喷射阀例如用于将燃料喷射到内燃机燃料喷射装置的混合气准备装置中。但它也可以用于计量地喷射尿素水溶液如Add Blue或Denoxium到内燃机废气中，以还原废气中包含的氮氧化物。该喷射阀具有一塑料制成的阀座支架11，在该阀座支架的下游端部中装入一个陶瓷的阀座体12。为了使阀座体12防旋转且轴向不可移动地固定在阀座支架11中，阀座体12设置有“圣诞树结构”并压入到阀座支架11中，其中，“圣诞树结构”嵌入阀座支架11的塑料中。在阀座体12中在中心成形出一个阀孔13，它被锥形的阀座14围绕。阀座14与一关闭体15协同作用以封闭和释放阀孔13。关闭体15固定在阀针16的下端部上，未示出的阀关闭弹簧作用在该阀针上并将关闭体15压到阀座14上。阀针16可以电磁式、压电式或磁致动式操作并且使关闭体15逆着关闭弹簧的力或多或少地从阀座14上抬起。在阀孔13的下游在阀座体12前面设置有一个喷射孔盘17，它在阀孔13的区域中具有多个喷射孔18，在图1中可看到其中的两个喷射孔18。喷射孔盘17用陶瓷制成并且被夹紧在一在阀座支架11端部上成型的、径向向内突起的环圈与阀座体12的朝向该环圈的端面之间。喷射孔18可以具有任意的横截面形状和在孔长度上的横截面变化，例如锥度。
图2中端部段剖切地局部示出的喷射阀与前面描述的喷射阀的区别仅在于，喷射孔18移位到陶瓷的阀座体12中并且省去了单独的喷射孔盘17。阀座支架11在所示实施例中用金属制成，但也可以与图1中一样用塑料制成。两个喷射阀在其余方面相同地构成，因此相同的构件设置相同的附图标记。
无论是在按照图1的陶瓷喷射孔盘中还是在图2的陶瓷阀座体12中，喷射孔18都是借助UKP激光器(超短脉冲激光器)以所期望的形状切割出。超短脉冲激光器是一种发射具有特别短的脉冲持续时间的脉冲的激光器。激光脉冲的脉冲持续时间在0.01至100ps(微微秒)范围内，最好从0.1至20ps的范围中选择出。通过UKP激光器，在向陶瓷喷射孔盘17或陶瓷阀座体12中切割喷射孔18时，产生一个孔壁表面，该表面根据激光的波长和极化具有均匀的、微米和亚微米范围内的精密结构。围绕喷射孔18的入口和出口的棱边是锐棱的和无毛刺的，因此不影响从喷射孔18射出的流体扇形射流的喷射方向和扩展。此外通过避免毛刺可以高精度地重复再现喷射孔18的通流系数，毛刺在有些情况下会伸入到喷射孔18的通流横截面中。在相应实施该激光切割的方法时在喷射孔18的孔壁上的精密结构上至少还可以叠加一个微米范围内的粗结构。通过该粗结构可以影响流过喷射孔18的流体流。通过相应构造的微结构例如可以减小喷射孔18的通流阻力，使有意识的流体分离在孔壁的确定位置旁经过或者产生切向的流体分量。由此也能够确定地调节喷射孔18的通流系数。
图3中示出一个用于切割喷射孔18的装置的示意草图。该装置包括一个激光器20，该激光器的激光射线21通过一个偏转镜22和一个聚焦光具23对准陶瓷喷射孔盘17中的一个位置，在该位置上要切割一个喷射孔18。由超短激光脉冲组成的激光射线21聚焦到喷射孔盘17的表面上。通过激光脉冲，喷射孔盘17的陶瓷材料小步地基本以蒸汽相去除，其中钻孔沿着所产生的喷射孔18的壁进展。在优选地实施该方法时，产生具有较短脉冲持续时间和几十焦/厘米2小能量密度的激光脉冲的切割周期与产生具有较长脉冲持续时间和较高能量密度的激光脉冲的切割周期相互交替。两种切割周期的上述组合导致喷射孔18快速且高质量和高精度。
图1和3中的陶瓷喷射孔盘17以及图2中的陶瓷阀座体12优选以CIM方法(陶瓷注射成型)制成。
Claims (11)
1.用于喷射流体的喷射阀，尤其用于内燃机发燃料喷射装置或废气装置，具有至少一个设置在陶瓷体中的喷射孔(18)，其特征在于，所述至少一个喷射孔(18)借助激光器(20)在陶瓷体中切割出，该激光器发射具有极短脉冲持续时间的脉冲。
2.如权利要求1所述的喷射阀，其特征在于，所述喷射孔(18)以激光脉冲的脉冲持续时间切割，所述脉冲持续时间为0.01至100ps，最好为0.1至20ps。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的喷射阀，其特征在于，围绕所切割的喷射孔(18)的孔壁的表面具有取决于激光器(20)的波长和极化的均匀的、微米和亚微米范围内的精密结构。
4.如权利要求3所述的喷射阀，其特征在于，在该精密结构上叠加一个处于微米范围内的粗结构。
5.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的喷射阀，其特征在于，围绕所述至少一个喷射孔的入口和出口的棱边是锐棱的并且无毛刺。
6.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的喷射阀，其特征在于，该陶瓷体是一个被接收在阀座支架(11)中的阀座体(12)，在其上构成一个阀座(14)，该阀座(14)与一阀元件协同作用以封闭和释放所述至少一个喷射孔(18)。
7.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的喷射阀，其特征在于，所述陶瓷体是一喷射孔盘(17)，它在一阀孔(13)的下游设置在包含该阀孔(13)的阀座体(12)前面，该阀座体(12)具有一围绕该阀孔(13)的阀座(14)，该阀座与一阀元件协同作用以封闭和释放所述阀孔(13)。
8.如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的喷射阀，其特征在于，该陶瓷体是以CIM(陶瓷注射成型)方法制成的。
9.用于在陶瓷体中、尤其在喷射阀的阀座体(12)或喷射孔盘(17)中制造喷射孔(18)的方法，其特征在于，通过一激光器(20)将该喷射孔(18)切割到所述陶瓷体中，该激光器发射具有极短脉冲持续时间的脉冲。
10.如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，调整该激光器(20)的脉冲具有在0.01至100ps之间范围内、最好在0.1至20ps之间的脉冲持续时间。
11.如权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，该激光切割交替地以发出具有较短脉冲持续时间和几十焦/厘米2小能量密度的激光脉冲的切割周期与发出具有较长脉冲持续时间和较高能量密度的激光脉冲的切割周期进行。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007062182.7 | 2007-12-21 | ||
| DE102007062182A DE102007062182A1 (de) | 2007-12-21 | 2007-12-21 | Einspritzventil zum Abspritzen eines Fluids |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101463785A true CN101463785A (zh) | 2009-06-24 |
Family
ID=40689772
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101860989A Pending CN101463785A (zh) | 2007-12-21 | 2008-12-22 | 用于喷射流体的喷射阀 |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101463785A (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE102007062182A1 (zh) |
| FR (1) | FR2925375B1 (zh) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103890342A (zh) * | 2011-07-29 | 2014-06-25 | 大陆汽车系统美国有限公司 | 安装在还原剂输送系统的排气套筒中的阀的防旋转结构 |
| CN105276207A (zh) * | 2014-07-07 | 2016-01-27 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 喷射阀用的阀构件、喷射阀和制造喷射阀的阀构件的方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58143161A (ja) * | 1982-02-17 | 1983-08-25 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | 燃料噴射弁 |
| DE3942299C2 (de) * | 1989-12-21 | 1995-04-27 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum laufenden Messen der Größe von Durchgangsbohrungen |
| JPH05200328A (ja) * | 1992-01-23 | 1993-08-10 | Riken Corp | 燃料噴射ノズル |
| DE4415850A1 (de) | 1994-05-05 | 1995-11-09 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Ventilnadel für ein elektromagnetisch betätigbares Ventil |
| DE19920813A1 (de) | 1999-05-06 | 2001-06-28 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Vorrichtung zum Materialabtragen bei Werkstücken mittels Laserstrahl |
| DE10054853A1 (de) | 2000-11-06 | 2002-08-01 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zum Einbringen eines Mikrolochs in ein vorzugsweise metallisches Werkstück und Vorrichtung hierzu |
| US6517888B1 (en) * | 2000-11-28 | 2003-02-11 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Method for manufacturing a medical device having a coated portion by laser ablation |
| DE102005061424A1 (de) | 2005-12-22 | 2007-07-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
-
2007
- 2007-12-21 DE DE102007062182A patent/DE102007062182A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2008
- 2008-12-18 FR FR0858746A patent/FR2925375B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-12-22 CN CNA2008101860989A patent/CN101463785A/zh active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103890342A (zh) * | 2011-07-29 | 2014-06-25 | 大陆汽车系统美国有限公司 | 安装在还原剂输送系统的排气套筒中的阀的防旋转结构 |
| CN103890342B (zh) * | 2011-07-29 | 2016-10-19 | 大陆汽车系统美国有限公司 | 安装在还原剂输送系统的排气套筒中的阀的防旋转结构 |
| CN105276207A (zh) * | 2014-07-07 | 2016-01-27 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 喷射阀用的阀构件、喷射阀和制造喷射阀的阀构件的方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102007062182A1 (de) | 2009-06-25 |
| FR2925375A1 (fr) | 2009-06-26 |
| FR2925375B1 (fr) | 2016-12-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP1481161B1 (de) | Brennstoffeinspritzventil | |
| KR100573185B1 (ko) | 전자기 작동 밸브 | |
| EP1508689B1 (de) | Brennstoffeinspritzventil | |
| US9194351B2 (en) | Injection valve | |
| JP6039492B2 (ja) | 燃料噴射弁及びその製造方法 | |
| WO2000009884A1 (en) | Laser drilled nozzle in a tip of a fuel injector | |
| EP1349695A4 (en) | LASER MACHINING OF COOLING HOLES IN GAS TURBINE COMPONENTS | |
| FR2844833A1 (fr) | Commande de configuration de jet avec une orientation angulaire dans un injecteur de carburant et procede s'y rapportant | |
| WO2009053031A1 (de) | Verfahren zum bohren von flaschenähnlichen löchern mit einer definierten geometrie mittels gepulster laserstrahlung | |
| EP2884090B1 (en) | Nozzle body and fuel injection valve | |
| JP2002538358A (ja) | 燃料噴射弁 | |
| US6642476B2 (en) | Apparatus and method of forming orifices and chamfers for uniform orifice coefficient and surface properties by laser | |
| CN101463785A (zh) | 用于喷射流体的喷射阀 | |
| EP2238337A1 (de) | Brennstoffeinspritzventil | |
| EP2915621A2 (en) | Method of laser drilling a component | |
| JP2014524842A (ja) | 部材の穴をレーザー加工するための保護装置 | |
| KR20170100421A (ko) | 레이저 가공용 노즐 | |
| Romoli et al. | Microstructural changes induced by ultrashort pulsed lasers in microdrilling of fuel nozzles | |
| US6600132B2 (en) | Method and apparatus to generate orifice disk entry geometry | |
| US20120223164A1 (en) | Nozzle assembly for an injection valve and injection valve | |
| JP2004518908A (ja) | 燃料噴射弁 | |
| CN104227235B (zh) | 激光焊接方法、焊接构件以及燃料喷射阀 | |
| KR20170020447A (ko) | 분사 장치 | |
| US6603095B2 (en) | Apparatus and method of overlapping formation of chamfers and orifices by laser light | |
| WO2020255943A1 (ja) | 燃料噴射弁 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C12 | Rejection of a patent application after its publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20090624 |