CN101462120A - Method for fixing lead pollution in soil using seashore paspalum turfgrass - Google Patents
Method for fixing lead pollution in soil using seashore paspalum turfgrass Download PDFInfo
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- CN101462120A CN101462120A CNA2009100450591A CN200910045059A CN101462120A CN 101462120 A CN101462120 A CN 101462120A CN A2009100450591 A CNA2009100450591 A CN A2009100450591A CN 200910045059 A CN200910045059 A CN 200910045059A CN 101462120 A CN101462120 A CN 101462120A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for fixing lead pollution in soil by utilizing seashore paspalum lawns, which belongs to the field of environmental improvement. The seashore paspalum lawns are planted on the soil with different lead pollution degrees by the method and the lead in the soil is absorbed and fixed through the dense underground root networks of the seashore paspalum lawns so as to prevent the rain water leaching loss of lead infectants in the soil. The seashore paspalum lawns can form dense ground surface lawn coverage, thereby preventing the lead polluted soil from spreading through raise dust. The lead content in leaves on the seashore paspalum lawns is extremely less and is only 6 to 13 percent of that in the soil and the lead is fixed in leaf tissues, thereby isolating the risk of contacting the lead pollution of people. In addition, the seashore lawns also have better sight effect and soil fixing effect and have double effects of fixing plants of the polluted soil and greening and beautifying environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing lead contamination in the seashore paspalum lawn fixing soil, utilize seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Swartz) lawn plant root system to lead contamination in the soil efficiently absorbability the heavy metal lead contaminated soil is carried out anchored in place, belong to the environmental improvement field.
Background technology
Lead is one of heavy metal contaminants the most general in the environment.According to incompletely statistics, the phenomenon that the urban children of China more than 10% all exists blood lead content to exceed standard has had a strong impact on the intelligence development of Chinese children, has brought huge threat also for China's people health.
All contain a large amount of lead in the products such as lead accumulator, doped fuel, cable jacket, construction material, paint, explosive, agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer, in the production and use of these products, all will give off a large amount of leaded waste gas, waste water and waste residues, the lead content in air, soil and the water presents the trend that rises year by year.According to surveying and determination, the lead content in the modern human body has exceeded more than 100 times than the men of old.
The stacking of lead containing sludge, sewage, mud or use can cause serious soil lead contamination, the city is the severely afflicated area of soil lead contamination, children can touch soil inevitably, suck leaded dust in developmental process, and these lead can build up in human body, influence children's intelligence development subtlely, infringement nervous system, blood forming organ and kidney, and cause that shock even dead can take place for symptoms such as poor appetite, headache and insomnia, DOMS, enterogastritis, anaemia, severe patient.
The technology of at present heavy-metal contaminated soil being repaired mainly contains: soil moved in to improve the original technology, drip washing technology, electrolysis tech, heat treatment technics, curing technology, vitrifying technology etc., but all there is the shortcoming that quantities is big, expense is expensive in these physical chemistry technology, and the economic feasibility in the reparation improvement of massive pollution soil is relatively poor.The reparation that utilizes heavy metal super-enriched plant to carry out contaminated soil is a bioremediation technology of development in recent years, has obvious advantages such as engineering cost is low, environmentally safe, has also increased the feasibility of massive pollution soil remediation simultaneously greatly.
Heavy metal super-enriched plant is a polluted soil phyto recovery technique key of success, Yang Yuee etc. have invented a kind of method (Chinese invention patent that carries out the lead-contaminated soil reparation with Sedum alfredii Hance (Sedum alfredii Hance), application number: 200410015651.4), that it relates to is plant extract (Phytoextraction), promptly by absorption and the enrichment of Sedum alfredii Hance to lead contamination in the soil, the lead of enrichment in the cauline leaf is taken away in harvesting cauline leaf on the ground, thereby reaches the purpose that reduces lead contamination content in the soil.But because Sedum alfredii Hance plant shoot branch is still low to the accumulation ability of soil lead, under the soil lead contamination level of 200-6011mg/kg, Sedum alfredii Hance aerial part lead content has only about 210-230mg/kg, once plants the land pollutant of taking away and have only 194-480g/ha from soil.If calculate to show the soil lead contamination level that native 10cm contains land pollutant 1000mg/kg, need to gather in the crops the land pollutant that just can take away in the soil for 2000-5000 time in theory, if annual results 4 times, soil remediation work also needs lasting 500-1250.Therefore, by present super enriching plant the extraction of lead contamination in the soil is reached repairing fully of lead-contaminated soil and also exist bigger obstacle, the efficient of reparation also is difficult to satisfy actual needs.
It is important content in the polluted soil phyto recovery technique that plant is fixed (Phytostabilization); be to utilize root system of plant that the absorption or the adsorption capacity of pollutant in soil are fixed pollutant; the protection contaminated soil does not weather; the pouring that reduces pollutant in soil moves and seepage, thereby reaches innoxious relatively a kind of method.The research of plant fixing soil heavy metal pollution mainly concentrates on the willow, but extremely low in the willow survival rate of plantation after 3 years on the heavy-metal contaminated soil, less than 18% (Pierzynski G.M., 2002.PoplarTrees?for?Phytostabilization?of?Abandoned?Zinc-Lead?Smelter)。But plant is fixed and is not related to lawn plant so far.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method of utilizing lead contamination in the seashore paspalum lawn fixing soil is provided, by the seashore paspalum root system superabsorbent ability of lead contamination in the soil is fixed lead contamination in the soil, reduce the probability that people contact lead contamination in the soil, can also play the effect of beautifying the environment simultaneously.
To achieve these goals, the present invention plants seashore paspalum lawn on the soil of lead contamination in various degree, underground root system by the seashore paspalum prosperity absorbs the lead in the soil in a large number, lead is fixed in the root tissue of seashore paspalum, reduce the lead content of soluble state in the soil, avoid the leaching of lead contamination in the soil to run off; Utilize the good stolon network coverage of seashore paspalum lawn simultaneously, contaminated soil fixedly is enclosed in lawn lower floor, avoid the dust pollution and the soil erosion of soil.Because lead by the sea substantially can not be to the transhipment of ground cauline leaf in the ditch millet plant, seashore paspalum lawn on the ground in the cauline leaf lead tolerance few, reduced people's risk of contact lead contamination during stress-relieving activity on the lawn.
The seashore paspalum that the present invention adopts can by grass blade breeding method or turf directly the shop method carry out planting, specifically comprise the steps:
1, the grass blade with seashore paspalum is cut into the long stem section of 5-8cm, directly even dispenser is on smooth good lead-contaminated soil surface, the grass blade segment contains more than one lateral bud at least, and grass blade density is every square metre of 100～600 grass blade sections, earthing 1～2cm on grass blade; Perhaps will be laid immediately on the lead-contaminated soil after smooth with the seashore paspalum turf of root system under 1～2cm heavy back.
2, seashore paspalum grass blade plantation is finished the back or the seashore paspalum turf is completed compacting afterwards, waters once permeablely, makes soil moisture content reach more than 90% of maxmun field capacity.
3, treat that the seashore paspalum lawn height reaches 5cm when above, the lawn is pruned and maintenance management normally, by the sea in the normal growth of paspalum lawn, the seashore paspalum lawn root system absorbs from lead-contaminated soil and fixing a large amount of lead, prevent the leaching loss or the airborne dust diffusion of land pollutant in the soil, and lead tolerance is few in the seashore paspalum lawn ground blade, has isolated the risk that people contact lead contamination.
Among the present invention, when adopting the grass blade breeding method, under the normal growth temperature, 1 week can emerge, and can form the lawn about 1 month and cover.When adopting turf directly to spread method, can restore normal growth in 2 days, can reach normal turf quality in the week.
The seashore paspalum that the present invention adopts is the herbaceos perennial of grass family Paspalum, belong to the warm-season turf grass seeds, the stolon prosperity, stipes is intensive, on each joint all intensive adventitious root can take place, well developed root system, root system mainly are distributed in the soil of 0-30cm, and distributing with lead contamination in the lead deposit soil matches.The seashore paspalum that the present invention adopts can be up to 4000mg/kg to the tolerance thresholding of soil lead contamination, still can normal growth under the soil lead contamination condition of high concentration, and turf quality and quality have no significant effect.Under the soil lead contamination of 4000mg/kg was handled, the lead concentration that absorbs in the seashore paspalum root system tissue can be up to 10700mg/kg, and the lead concentration in the cauline leaf of ground is extremely low, has only 641mg/kg, had greatly reduced the risk that people contact lead contamination.
The present invention adopts seashore paspalum not only can pass through its flourishing root system efficient absorption and the lead contamination in the fixing soil, and this lawn plant has good landscape effect and solid native effect, be particularly suitable for both sides of highway, products containing lead production and use the soil fixing in emphasis lead contamination places such as enterprise, leaded discarded object, have the fixing and double effect of landscaping of soil pollution concurrently.
Description of drawings
Lead content under Fig. 1 different soils concentration of lead contamination in seashore paspalum root and the leaf texture.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, soil concentration of lead contamination 4000mg/kg is the tolerance thresholding of seashore paspalum among the figure, the growth of seashore paspalum, the quality and the landscape effect on lawn is had no significant effect with interior lead contamination in this tolerance thresholding.The lead content that absorbs in the seashore paspalum subterraneous root tissue can reach 2.2-3.4 times in the soil, and the lead content in the leaf tissue of ground is extremely low, has only 0.06-0.13 times in the soil.
Embodiment 1
On the high soil of lead contamination level (lead concentration is up to 4000mg/kg), adopt the directly shop method seashore paspalum of planting of turf.
1, turf is taken from the ripe seashore paspalum lawn in 2 years of growth, and turf contains the thick original soil in the 1cm left and right sides, is laid immediately on the lead-contaminated soil after smooth.
2, turf is completed the back and is used the land presser compacting, and turf is closely contacted with lower soil, waters once permeablely, and soil moisture content reaches more than 90% of maxmun field capacity.Seashore paspalum lawn can restore normal growth after 2 days, and the lawn promptly reaches normal quality after 6 days.
3, reach 5cm when above at the lawn height, the lawn is pruned and maintenance management normally.The seashore paspalum lawn growth is normal, and landscape quality does not have significantly difference with the lawn of normal soil, and the coverage rate 100% of lawn plant does not have bare soil to occur.Absorb in the root system of lawn and fixed a large amount of land pollutants, lead content after two months in the root tissue can reach more than the 10000mg/kg, and the lead content in the leaf tissue of ground is few, has only 6% of lead content in the soil, substantial barrier people contact the chance of land pollutant, greatly reduce the risk of lead contamination harm.
Embodiment 2
In the lead contamination level is on the soil of 1500mg/kg, with the grass blade breeding method seashore paspalum of planting.
1, grass blade is cut into the long stem section of 5-8cm, and directly dispenser is at smooth good soil surface, and grass blade density is about every square metre of 200 grass blade sections, the thick fine earth in the earthing 1cm left and right sides on grass blade;
2, grass blade is planted after good back makes real gently with farm implements, waters once permeablely, and soil moisture content reaches more than 90% of maxmun field capacity.Promptly there is the seashore paspalum bud from soil, to grow after 5 days, i.e. Cheng Ping substantially after month.
3, treat that the lawn height reaches 5cm when above, normally prune that cutting range is made as about 5cm.The coverage rate of seashore paspalum lawn plant is 100% after two months, and growth is normal, and landscape quality does not have significantly difference with the lawn of normal soil, does not have bare soil to occur.Absorb in the root system of lawn and fixed a large amount of land pollutants, lead content in the root tissue can reach more than the 3200mg/kg, and the lead content in the leaf tissue of ground is few, has only 10% of lead content in the soil, substantial barrier people contact the chance of lead-contaminated soil, people carry out the risk that stress-relieving activity does not have lead contamination harm substantially on the lawn.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of method of utilizing lead contamination in the seashore paspalum lawn fixing soil is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) grass blade with seashore paspalum is cut into the long stem section of 5-8cm, and directly evenly dispenser is on smooth good lead-contaminated soil surface, and the grass blade segment contains more than one lateral bud at least, and grass blade density is every square metre of 100～600 grass blade sections, earthing 1～2cm on grass blade; Perhaps will be laid immediately on the lead-contaminated soil after smooth with the seashore paspalum turf of root system under 1～2cm heavy back;
2) seashore paspalum grass blade plantation is finished the back or the seashore paspalum turf is completed compacting afterwards, waters once permeablely, makes soil moisture content reach more than 90% of maxmun field capacity;
3) treat that the seashore paspalum lawn height reaches 5cm when above, the lawn is pruned and maintenance management, by the sea in the normal growth of paspalum lawn, the seashore paspalum lawn root system absorbs from lead-contaminated soil and fixing a large amount of lead, prevent the leaching loss or the airborne dust diffusion of land pollutant in the soil, and lead tolerance is few in the seashore paspalum lawn ground blade, has isolated the risk that people contact lead contamination.
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| CNA2009100450591A CN101462120A (en) | 2009-01-08 | 2009-01-08 | Method for fixing lead pollution in soil using seashore paspalum turfgrass |
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| CNA2009100450591A CN101462120A (en) | 2009-01-08 | 2009-01-08 | Method for fixing lead pollution in soil using seashore paspalum turfgrass |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101733271A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-06-16 | 上海交通大学 | Method for fixing cadmium pollution soil by using seashore paspalum |
| CN113510144A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-10-19 | 贵州星硕铭越环保科技有限公司 | Method for treating heavy metal pollution of agricultural land in zinc smelting pollution area by soil method |
-
2009
- 2009-01-08 CN CNA2009100450591A patent/CN101462120A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101733271A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-06-16 | 上海交通大学 | Method for fixing cadmium pollution soil by using seashore paspalum |
| CN113510144A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-10-19 | 贵州星硕铭越环保科技有限公司 | Method for treating heavy metal pollution of agricultural land in zinc smelting pollution area by soil method |
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Open date: 20090624 |