CN101460733A - 用于转换波能的设备 - Google Patents

用于转换波能的设备 Download PDF

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CN101460733A
CN101460733A CNA2007800202622A CN200780020262A CN101460733A CN 101460733 A CN101460733 A CN 101460733A CN A2007800202622 A CNA2007800202622 A CN A2007800202622A CN 200780020262 A CN200780020262 A CN 200780020262A CN 101460733 A CN101460733 A CN 101460733A
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buoyancy aid
equipment
guide rod
wave
shape spare
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H·厄伊加德纳
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1845Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1845Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem
    • F03B13/1855Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem where the connection between wom and conversion system takes tension and compression
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/20Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" wherein both members, i.e. wom and rem are movable relative to the sea bed or shore
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/40Use of a multiplicity of similar components
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/40Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/402Transmission of power through friction drives
    • F05B2260/4021Transmission of power through friction drives through belt drives
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/40Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/403Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
    • F05B2260/4031Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

用于吸收波能的设备,该设备包括:浮体(2),该浮体(2)适于根据波浪的影响而移动;以及能量传递装置(9,10,13,14,15,16,7,36,42),该能量传递装置用于将所述浮体的运动传递给发电机,其特征在于,所述浮体(2)可移动地设置在导杆(1)上,该导杆(1)柔性地支撑在结构(4)中。

Description

用于转换波能的设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据附属的权利要求1所述的用于吸收波能的设备。
背景技术
该种设备由申请人自己的挪威专利申请No.20032883而可以获知。在该申请中,描述了一种用于波浪发电器(wave powered generator)的设备。该设备包括用于在水面上或水面附近漂浮的浮体。活塞杆从该浮体延伸到紧固于固定装置的汽缸。该固定装置设置在漂浮物(floater)上。
另外,由申请人自己的PCT申请WO 2004/113718可知一种平台结构,该平台结构装备有上述类型的用于吸收波能的设备。因此,该申请作为参考而结合于此。所述平台结构通常包括高于水面的平台和多个(如四个)向下延伸到水中的腿状件,该腿状件具有足够的浮力,以稳定地将平台保持在水面之上。
根据WO 2004/113718中图10的原理的实验平台(“Buldra”)建造于2004年下半年,并于2005年2月首次使用。该实验平台的运行令人满意。根据“Buldra”实验获得的实验结果,对吸收波能的设备以及平台结构本身进行了多处改进。本发明涉及这些改进之处的某一些,并特别针对能量传递装置(energy transmission means)。
用于波浪发电器的另一种已知的解决方案公开在US 6256987中,其中描述了设置在浅水底部上的多个单元。每个单元包括用于相对于机架(frame)垂直运动的盖(hood)。该盖的内部填充有气体。当波浪经过所述单元时,盖会根据波浪而上下移动。也就是说,当波谷经过时,盖会向上移动,而当波峰经过时,盖会向下移动。所述单元的下部填充有水。该水的体积能够变化并压缩气体,因而,气体体积能够与波频率相适应,从而使共振频率(resonant frequency)也与波频率相适应。
该解决方案的最大的缺陷在于,必须设置在海底上。因此,难以靠近上述单元,以进行维护和修理。另外,所述单元必须设置在浅水中,从而对船只和渔业构成危险。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于避免当将较重的可移动杆可移动地支撑在结构中时存在的紧固问题,例如在上述WO 2004/113718的图1a和图1b中所示的结构。这通过将浮体可移动地设置在柔性地支撑在所述结构中的导杆上而得以实现。
本发明的另一目的是能够利用波浪的横向力。这通过将导杆连接于适于从该导杆吸收横向力的能量传递装置而得以实现。
本发明的其他优点由从属的权利要求而详细披露。
附图说明
下面参考附图中所示的实施例,对本发明进行更为详细地描述,在附图中:
图1表示根据本发明的波浪吸收设备;
图2表示改进的浮体;
图3表示由下方观察的图2中的浮体;
图4表示本发明的另一可选择的实施方式;
图5表示当波峰经过时图4中的波浪吸收设备;
图6表示当波谷经过时图4中的波浪吸收设备;
图7表示图4中能量传递装置的一部分;
图8表示包括多个波能吸收设备的平台结构;以及
图9表示具有第二能量吸收设备的平台结构的腿状件的一部分。
具体实施方式
图1表示根据本发明的波能吸收设备。该设备包括导杆1,浮体2能够沿该导杆1移动。导杆1为管状体,该管状体在上端夹紧于上甲板3。导杆1延伸穿过下甲板4,并与下甲板4保持有一定的间隙。在下甲板4和导杆1之间固定有四个卧式缸(horizontal cylinder)5。该四个缸5彼此以直角布置。因此,卧式缸5能够接受导杆1受波浪影响的侧向力。这些侧向力在卧式缸5内产生水压,并通过未显示的发电机转换为电能。
第一支架6设置在浮体2的上端。两个直杆7连接于该支架。该两个直杆7在其上端连接于第二支架8。第二支架8能够在导杆1上滑动。第二支架8与两个传动皮带9、10连接,每个传动皮带位于第二支架8的一侧。传动皮带9、10被引导经过各自的下部再控制辊11(omstymingsruller)和各自的上部再控制辊12a和12b。
在上部再控制辊12的每侧,设置有齿轮系统13、14、15、16,所述再控制辊连接于该齿轮系统。齿轮系统13、14、15、16与辅助辊17、18连接。无论再控制辊12a、12b的旋转方向如何,齿轮系统13、14、15、16形成为将再控制辊12a、12b的旋转转换为同一方向的旋转。这通过如下方式而实现:当浮体2向下移动时,再控制辊12a的旋转(该旋转为顺时针方向)传递给齿轮系统13,并使辅助辊沿顺时针方向旋转。另外,再控制辊12b的旋转(该旋转为逆时针方向)通过齿轮系统15传递给辅助辊18,并使该辅助辊沿逆时针方向旋转。齿轮系统14和16会作为空转轮,而不会传递任何旋转。
当浮体向上运动时,再控制辊12a的旋转(现在,该旋转为沿逆时针方向)通过齿轮系统16由辅助辊18转换为逆时针方向的旋转。再控制辊12b的旋转(现在,该旋转为顺时针方向)通过齿轮系统14由辅助辊17转换为顺时针方向的旋转。现在,齿轮系统13和15作为空转轮运转。
这样,辅助辊17总是沿顺时针方向旋转,而辅助辊18总是沿逆时针方向旋转。通过在齿轮系统中或在辅助辊上设置飞轮,即便出现动力间歇供应,也能够使辅助辊17、18以基本一致的速度旋转。通过上述结构,传动皮带上的载荷较为均匀。
未显示的轴能够从辅助辊17、18中的每一个输出该辅助辊17、18的旋转能。该轴可连接于发电机。
优选地,下部再控制辊11设置在水平可移动支架上,并连接于导杆1。
当浮体2移动时,例如由于受到波峰的影响而向上移动时,由于发电机受到低于波峰朝上的力10%的载荷的作用,因而浮体2受到限制。因此,与浮力所需要沉浸的程度相比,浮体2会更多地沉浸在水中,而且作用在浮体2上的力会因此而增大。
同样地,浮体2还可以由向下的运动并通过低于浮体2有效重力(重力减去浮力)10%的力而受到限制。
在上述WO 2004/113718中,详细描述了该浮体的装置(attachment)如何以液压系统完成。然而,在这里说明的液压系统中,浮体在波浪运动的一部分的作用下保持完全静止。但是,利用电气系统,能够更为简便地控制限制浮体的力。电流控制领域的普通技术人员会立即明白如何进行上述工作。
在图1中,浮体的形状形成为具有下部,该下部具有朝下端19逐渐缩小的直径。如果浮体完全离开水,该形状使浮体更为容易地放水;而如果浮体再进入水中,能够使浮体更容易地切入水中。
图2表示另一可选择的浮体2。该浮体2装备有沿浮体2的表面从顶部延伸到底部的垂直翼片(vertical fin)20。在图2中,显示有八个从浮体2垂直向外延伸的翼片,但是数目也可与此有所不同。从浮体2的表面到该翼片的最外边缘所测量的所述翼片的宽度也可以有所变化。但是,由于翼片不会给浮体带来净浮力,从而不能包括重量的绝大部分,因而所述翼片的尺寸受到重量的限制。
翼片20的作用为捕捉作用在浮体上的波浪的横向力。人们已经发现,波浪的横向力所具有的能量为波浪垂直力的两倍。因此,根据图2的实施方式的目的为收集这些力的绝大部分。由于翼片20沿多个方向从浮体2向外突出,因此,无论波浪的方向如何,波浪都会接触到基本相同的区域。
由图3可知,翼片20具有倾斜的侧表面21、22,该侧表面21、22的作用是使水流偏离,并减少紊流。因此,还能够减少由于紊流引起的波浪作用力的损失。
波浪的横向力由浮体2传递给导杆1。由于导杆1允许进行稍微的横向运动(在下甲板4大约为100mm),因而,所述力还继续传递给卧式缸。从这里,可以获得液压能,并继而转换为电能。
波浪的垂直力由浮体传递给与浮体一起移动的直杆7。由于直杆7通过上支架8与传动皮带9、10连接,因而垂直力还传递至传动皮带9、10,并从这里传递给齿轮系统13、14、15、16。如上所述,通过齿轮系统能够收集旋转能,并继而转换为电能。齿轮系统具有将旋转速度提高到用于随后的发电机的最佳的速度的转换(exchange)。
也可以使用链、线、皮带或其他柔韧延伸的驱动装置来代替传动皮带。
为了避免由导杆1向上甲板3传递较大的电压,优选地,导杆1柔性地悬挂在上甲板3中,例如通过球形层(spherical layer)(未显示)。通过穿过下甲板4,导杆1能够安装有弹性缓冲材料,如果运动太大以至于卧式缸5不能吸收所有的力,则所述弹性缓冲材料能够吸收来自导杆1的力。这对直杆7也是有效的,当直杆7穿过下甲板4时,也安装有弹性缓冲材料。
在另一可选择的实施方式(图中没有显示)中,传动皮带9、10和齿轮系统13、14、15、16可以由直接连接于直杆7的直线发电机(linear generator)来代替。该直线发电机通过将定子连接于上甲板3并将直线转子(英文中称为“移动件(mover)”)连接于直杆7而直接连接于直杆7。该直线发电机能够将直线运动能直接转换为电能。
这里,也可以使用直线发电机来代替液压卧式缸5。
优选地,在垂直运动时,浮体2设置为完全离开水。因此,导杆1会由于重力而伸直到垂直位置,从而即便波浪侧向力仅作用在一个方向上,导杆1也不会在侧部探出。
图4表示本发明的另一可选择的实施方式。这里,另外有一组直杆30延伸穿过浮体2中的通道并与支架31连接。支架31继而与形成为筒体32的容器连接,该筒体32的上端封闭,而下端开放。筒体32能够在导杆1上滑动。
筒体32部分地填充有水,因而靠近筒体32封闭顶端的上部分填充有空气。当所述设备放置在波浪中时,该筒体32会与浮体2反相位(anti-phase)移动。图5表示当经过波峰时的所述设备。波峰迫使浮体2向上。同时,作用在筒体32内的空气上的压力增大,因而更多的水会流过筒体32的开放的下端。因此,筒体32的重量增大,而该筒体会在水中下沉。图6表示当经过波谷时的所述设备。在该情况下,筒体的下潜深度会减小。因而,该筒体中的空气会将水从筒体中挤出,并减少该筒体的重量,从而筒体在水中上升。这里的原理与根据US6256985中使盖与波浪同步移动的原理相同。
图7表示另一可选择的能量传递装置的细节。该能量传递装置与图1中实施方式的不同之处在于,直杆7被始终向上引导并穿过上甲板3。与筒体32连接的直杆30也是如此。在上甲板3上设置有两个发电机33、34。第一发电机33通过轴35连接于直杆30,在该轴35上设置有两个轮36、37,该两个轮36、37分别靠紧在各自对应的直杆30上。在直杆30的相对侧上设置有对应的支撑轮38、39。
第二发电机34通过轴40连接于直杆7,在该轴40上设置有紧靠在各自对应的直杆7上的两个轮41、42。在直杆7的相对侧上设置有对应的支撑轮43、44。
当浮体2、各自的筒体30向下移动时,每个发电机设置为沿顺时针方向旋转;而当浮体、各自的筒体30向上移动时,每个发动机设置为逆时针方向旋转。因而,由每个发电机产生随波浪的周期变化的电流。利用传统的电力控制技术,该交流电能够转换为直流电或者具有固定频率的交流电。
利用发电机33、34,能够非常容易地实现上述浮体的固定,而且还可以容易地固定筒体32。由于允许轮36-38以及41-44向直杆7、30滑动,因而如果力超过一定的数值,能够通过所述部件防止过载。
优选地,浮体2由橡胶材料或类似橡胶的塑料材料制成,该种材料质轻且同时能够应对一定量的冲击。为此,可以使用与防护装置(fender)中相同的材料。筒体32可以由钢或混凝土制成。当筒体32一半填充有水而另一半填充有空气/气体时以及没有波浪时,筒体32应具有零浮力(neutralbuoyancy)。
图8表示使用多个根据图5和图6的波浪吸收设备的平台结构50。原则上,该平台结构本身与WO/2004/113718中公开的平台结构相同,特别是图9,其中,波能吸收设备连接于甲板结构51,该甲板结构51包括两个甲板3和4(与前述的甲板3和4对应)。通过所述甲板结构51的每个角,连接填充有空气以提供浮力的腿状件52。腿状件52在其下端通过框架53而彼此连接。该框架还用于包括用于所述波能吸收设备的导杆1的控制装置(control)。缓冲装置56设置在所述腿状件52的下端,腿状件52可以与WO/2004/113718中相同的方式形成。
第二波能吸收设备54大约设置在每个腿状件52的中部上。该第二波能吸收设备54包括可旋转地支撑在所述腿状件52上的叶轮55。叶轮55的叶片可以是弯曲的,如图8所示。无论波浪的方向如何,该波能吸收设备54都能从波浪吸收能量。为了进一步传递能量,叶轮55可以与设置在叶轮55和腿状件52之间的辊或类似装置连接,其中,所述辊又与发电机连接。
图9表示叶轮55的另一可选择的实施方式。在该实施方式中,叶轮55具有直的叶片57,但该叶片57沿长度轴线横向地弯曲。在叶片57的内长侧的每一端处的轴延伸部60处,将叶片57固定在两个环58和59之间。销61设置在叶片57的外长侧的每个端部,该销61在轨道62中受到引导。因此,叶片能够从叶片57a所示的位置(该叶片从腿状件52向外突出)摆动到叶片57b所示的位置(该叶片基本与腿状件52的表面平行)。在图8所示的实施例中,波浪方向由箭头63表示。位于腿状件右侧的叶片57(从箭头63的方向观察)会摆开,因而从腿状件52向外突出;而位于腿状件52左侧的叶片57(从箭头63的方向观察)则基本与腿状件52的表面平行。因而,对于这些叶片的阻力会减小。因此,无论流动方向如何,叶轮55都会沿逆时针方向旋转(从上方观察)。
叶轮55支撑在多个辊64上,该辊64可旋转地支撑在连接于腿状件52的支架65上。发电机(未显示)可设置为与每个辊64连接。

Claims (13)

1.用于吸收波能的设备,该设备包括:浮体,该浮体适于根据波浪的影响而移动;以及能量传递装置,该能量传递装置将所述浮体的运动传递给发电机,其特征在于,所述浮体可移动地设置在导杆上,该导杆柔性地支撑在结构(4)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,所述导杆与适于从该导杆吸收横向力的能量吸收装置连接。
3.根据权利要求2所述的设备,其特征在于,所述能量吸收装置为液压缸,该液压缸沿所述导杆的周围从不同的侧面横向延伸。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的设备,其特征在于,该设备包括弹性缓冲材料,该弹性缓冲材料适于从所述导杆吸收超过所述能量吸收装置所能吸收的力的力。
5.根据权利要求2、3或4所述的设备,其特征在于,所述浮体装备有翼片,该翼片增加所述浮体朝波浪横向力的正向面积。
6.根据权利要求5所述的设备,其特征在于,所述翼片基本垂直延伸,并沿所述浮体的周围从不同侧面向外突出,因而所述浮体朝横向力的正向面积基本上相等,而与所述波浪的横向运动方向无关。
7.根据上述权利要求中任意一项所述的设备,其特征在于,所述浮体具有向下逐渐变细的直径,而且优选地终止于一点。
8.根据上述权利要求中任意一项所述的设备,其特征在于,所述设备包括容器,该容器具有封闭的上端和开放的下端,该容器适于部分地填充有气体。
9.根据权利要求8所述的设备,其特征在于,所述容器可移动地设置在所述导杆上并位于所述浮体之下。
10.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,所述导杆在其上端悬挂在平台结构中,该平台结构包括至少一个甲板和多个腿状件。
11.根据权利要求9所述的设备,其特征在于,围绕所述至少一个腿状件设置有可旋转叶轮。
12.根据权利要求10所述的设备,其特征在于,所述叶轮的叶片按照如下方式支撑:当受到水流影响时,所述叶片能够围绕其长度轴线从第一位置旋转到第二位置,在所述第一位置,所述叶片从所述腿状件向外突出,在所述第二位置,所述叶片基本与所述腿状件的表面平行。
13.根据权利要求10或11所述的设备,其特征在于,所述叶轮支撑在设置于所述腿状件的辊上。
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