CN101455562A - Early-stage breast cancer, skin cancer and other solid carcinoma detection device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a detecting instrument for early mammary cancer, skin cancer or other solid cancers. A temperature sensor of the detecting instrument is provided with at least one row of scanning probes which are uniformly arranged on a probe supporter through a comb shape. The temperature measuring range of temperature sensor is 0-45 DEG C. The head part of each scanning probe penetrates out of the probe supporter. A data transmission wire connected with tail part of each scanning probe is connected with a detecting host machine. The detecting host machine comprises the following components: a casing, a regulated power supply circuit, a data selecting switch module, keystrokes, a singlechip, a preamplifying module, an A/D converting module, a display and an alarm. The invention settles the technical problems of complicated detecting operation, high detecting expense and large detecting radiation in detecting operation of mammary cancer, skin cancer and other solid cancers. The detecting instrument can effectively eliminate various interferences in detection and has the advantages of reliable data, good repeatability, convenient use, quick detection, small volume, high automatization degree. The detecting instrument is a self-detecting device which is suitable for family and personal use for detecting early mammary cancer and other diseases.

Description

Breast carcinoma of early stage, the detector of skin carcinoma and other solid carcinoma

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of detecting instrument, particularly a kind of detecting instrument that detects the early lesion tissue.

Technical background

Breast carcinoma is very high at western developed country such as the U.S., Canadian sickness rate, and per 8～9 women just have one may suffer from breast carcinoma.A girl one is born, and the chance of suffering from breast carcinoma her all one's life is 10%.Along with the Chinese national economy development, the raising of living standards of the people, the sickness rate of breast carcinoma also is the trend that rises year by year, and big and medium-sized cities are particularly outstanding.Tianjin and two places, Shanghai data show, 1988 to 1992 with 1981 to nineteen eighty-two relatively, breast cancer incidence has increased by 35.2%.Beijing was since 1978, and breast carcinoma has become the highest malignant tumor of women's sickness rate, and also with the speed rising in every year 2.4%, annual morbidity has reached 40/,100,000 now in recent years.Breast cancer incidence in China big city has progressively the trend near American-European developed country level.

Therefore, China is starved of generaI investigation and the screening of carrying out breast carcinoma.Diagnosis early, early treatment are the keys that improves the breast carcinoma cure rate, reduces mortality rate.One primary breast cancer 90% can be cured, the patient of two, three phases, and survival rate had only 70% or 40% in 5 years.The generaI investigation of cancer can be found asymptomatic early stage patient.American Cancer Society and National Cancer Institute have just been carried out the breast carcinoma census operations to 280,000 women as far back as 1973, the result checks out 3500 examples, and wherein 1/3 is the non-infiltration early cancer of diameter less than 1cm.China once classified the generaI investigation of breast carcinoma as national brainstorm subject in " six or five " and the enforcement period of the seventh five-year plan, had accumulated many experiences.The ministry of Health of China plan is provided with 100 inspection posts throughout the country, provides regular breast examination to the women.But because the rapid change of life style causes the surge of breast carcinoma sickness rate, add the size of population that China is huge, screen the shortage of means especially safely and effectively, make this operational difficulties heavy.Detecting of early stage cancerous issue is very difficult, not only depends on the sensitivity and the reliability of detecting instrument, also depends on testing staff's experience and knowledge, and it is all multifactor also to relate to testing cost etc.With breast carcinoma is example, early stage and non-evident sympton, and patient oneself is difficult to discover.Tumor markers lacks specificity and sensitivity at the beginning of forming.Cytolgical examination is only used under the situation that occurs nipple discharge.Biopsy also is just to consider to carry out when having manifest symptom to occur.In very long one period in past, the breast carcinoma self checking method that medical institutions advocate is to find suspicious lump by touching breast.This method poor reliability, and once finding to have belonged to middle and advanced stage.In recent years, along with development of science and technology, the generaI investigation of early-stage breast cancer and screening have had method and apparatus more accurately and reliably.

1, conventional screening methods and limitation thereof:

(1) molybdenum target X ray breast photography

This is that the most popular breast carcinoma in the present whole world is generally investigated means in early days.But up-to-date studies show that, young woman is done the molybdenum target X-ray examination, may make the high-risk group who has breast cancer gene significantly improve the probability of suffering from breast carcinoma.This result of study is published on " Journal of Clinical Oncology ".This research is to be added and the institute that works together finishes by the Pueraria lobota that material university is educated in Keyes west, Cleveland, has BR-CA1 at 1601 altogether or BRCA2 mutant gene person investigates, and understands the thoracic cavity X-ray examination and suffers from the relation of breast carcinoma.Though under the risk factor of not shining the thoracic cavity X-ray, these women have been the breast carcinoma high-risk group, research worker is found, once shines the women of chest x-ray at any age, suffers from cancer danger and has improved 54%.It should be noted that the women shines X-ray more at an early age, it is also higher that it suffers from the cancer risk.Discover, these women if once 40 years old with front irradiation thoracic cavity X-ray, suffering from the cancer probability will increase by 97% more than.And have the women of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene if once did chest X-ray examination in the past at 20 years old, suffer from the cancer probability and more can improve more than three times.According to this result of study, expert advice may have the women of BRAC1 or BRCA2, should replace traditional X-ray breast examination with nuclear magnetic resonance scanning (MRI).But MRI is the detection of an expense costliness, even if in American-European developed country, the family that neither generally take in can bear.In the more impossible screening means of China as early cancer's tissue.

On January 19th, 2002, the prevention and control of cancer director Pi Te of American National cancer research institute. Green represents to the public Ward that American National cancer research institute will examine the control suggestion of this academy about breast carcinoma again.He reveals simultaneously, and its webpage will be revised in Jin in spring (2002) by American National cancer research institute, indicate unclear at present " whether can save life with molybdenum palladium X-ray machine inspection breast carcinoma ".Donald doctor Berry who is responsible for drafting the M.D.Aderson tumor center of one of official document says: " this file will be interpreted as ' you cannot make decision easily '; each women should be according to scientific basis, oneself selects whether to check breast carcinoma with molybdenum palladium X-ray machine." he also the says: " past we think molybdenum palladium X-ray machine for a long time to checking breast carcinoma, and it is extremely important to make early diagnosis, this viewpoint may be wrong.No matter whether cat runs out of pocket (referring to find in early discovery tumor or late period tumor), women breast cancer patient's final result (mortality rate) is the same ".

Represent the maximum medical training tissue in the whole America-American physician association of 120,000 internists also to point out: regularly to accept the act of Mammogram be more harm than good for year old women surplus advising 40.The result that this association studies investigation in great detail shows: 40 Yus years women accept the X-ray breast examination benefit and not as accept 50 years old of parity check or above women as obviously.Meanwhile, this type of checks often subsidiary radiation, and unnecessary section chemical examination, operation and chemotherapy etc. are showing side effect.

(2) computed tomography (CT)

CT scan is a kind of convenience, rapid and painless medical inspection method.A kind of very popular medical science auxiliary diagnosis means have now been become.Along with the development of Medical Technology, the American was come into vogue and can be found the various tumors of body interior with the method for accepting CT Scan (CT scan) with hope early recent years.But recently, some X-ray experts of the U.S. warn, CT scan is found the effect of infantile tumour and bad, and the people that accept this inspection suffer from the danger of cancer unlike being exposed to the dangerous little of nuclear explosion radiation area.It is believed that breath Times report, according to these X-rays expert's introduction, the little lump that all can have some to be similar to tumor on many intravital various organs of people, but the existence of these little lumps does not influence people's health.Yet after people accept the little lump of scanning discovery, the removing of having an operation of big more options.But in fact can not play a crucial role to improving health.Meanwhile, when people accept the whole body CT Scan, their health just directly has been subjected to the radiation of radioactive substance, the amount of radiation sizableness of CT Scan in people be positioned at that 2.5 kilometers at Hiroshima,Japan and explosion of atomic bomb center, Nagasaki locate to accept the amount of radiation size.On numeral, whole body CT Scan of the every acceptance of people, their health will increase by 0.08% carcinogenic ratio, and being equivalent to just has a people unfortunate carcinogenic in the middle of 1200 people.

(3) ultrasound diagnosis

Ultrasonographic great advantage is harmless, and is harmless and radiationless.But because the relation of resolution can't show fine pathological changes.Can not find less than the breast carcinoma below the 2cm.The recall rate of early cancer's tissue is photographed far below the X ray breast.Thereby be not suitable for the generaI investigation of early stage breast lesion.

(4) infrared thermal imagery drawing method

Human body is all the time all at the emission infrared ray, and human body is absorbing infrared ray all the time simultaneously.1934, Hardy adopted infra-red radiation, need not contact human body and measured human body skin temperature and distribution thereof exactly.The walliamsk.L of U.S. London Middlesex hospital has taken the thermal map of first mastocarcinoma in the world in May, 1961 with infrared scanner, has begun new era of Infrared Thermography Technology thus.Along with the develop rapidly of Infrared Thermography Technology, its application in the medical science scope has expanded to clinical every field.But the strictness of infrared thermal imaging conditional request, testing environment must be constant-temperature enclosed, and instrument must be used cooled with liquid nitrogen, apparatus expensive, complicated operation, expense is higher.Especially temperature resolution (usually〉0.1 ℃) and position resolution are not high, and the deep layer pathological tissues can not finely show etc. and shortcoming to have limited application of the present invention.At present, the suggestion of main flow is thought: infrared thermal imaging technique is invalid substantially for the generaI investigation or the early screening of breast carcinoma.More in the world country unites Infrared Thermography Technology and other advanced diagnostic techniques to make to be used for improving the coincidence rate of diagnosing.

2. relevant patent and research trend

Adopt other harm electromagnetic wave few to carry out the selection that the body abnormality detection is many inventors than X ray.United States Patent (USP) 08/250762,60/047604,60/021284 proposes a kind of microwave chromatographic imaging system, and it adopts the microwave of certain wavelength that organism is scanned, and the microwave of transmission is carried out analyzing and processing, finally obtains three-dimensional tissue image.Because the depth of microwave penetration of wavelength weak point is limited, the long microwave resolution of ripple is not high, so microwave tomography method has its limitation.The Chinese patent (application number 1009840) in addition that other adopts microwave to detect, proposition obtain the method for moisture content of lung with the variation of analyzing microwave penetration lung front and back.Chinese patent (application number 89102298) proposes a kind of passive microwave diagnostic apparatus of being made up of thermal information extraction part and information processing system, adopt the spiral of Archimedes probe good with the tissue impedance matching, receive circular polarisation or elliptically polarised wave in 2.25-2.65GHz frequency range, in order to survey the effective information of human body deep tissue tumor.

Japan Patent 37276/2002 proposes to use the transmission of near infra red light organism, and the mode by the analyzing and processing transillumination obtains tissue metabolism's information such as hemoglobin. and this is a kind of local detection means.Adopt the patent of fluorescent technique to have much. as Chinese patent (application number 01142855) a kind of fluorescence spectrum cancerous diagnose device and method is proposed, the diagnostic method of this device is that cancer patients serum or soft tissue position are made fluorescence spectrum figure and carry out fluorescence analysis. Canadian Patent 2126915 propositions are a kind of to utilize infrared spectrum analysis to survey through antiseptic, nature or artificial culture, comprise unusual method in the fresh biological tissue of exfoliative cyte or the cell sample, unusually absorbing whether to change by infrared spectrum and decide. Chinese patent (application number 200310107677) discloses a kind of diode laser laser spectrum cancer diagnosis instrument. and it uses diode laser as excitation source, when laser by fiber-optic illuminated on tissue the time, the fluorescence that is sent returns along former road by optical fiber again, utilize ccd detector to receive the fluorescence of corresponding light spectral limit, the fluorescence spectrum that shows the wave band of wanting by computer, be analyzed then, obtain the information of wanting.

Except the infrared image and liquid crystal method of body surface cancer tissue surveyed in common being used for, the patent that a class utilizes infrared imaging to detect the body deep anomalies also was suggested.Chinese patent (application number 02133987) proposes a kind of so-called infrared perspective method. and it is the infrared ray that the heat energy information via body surface heat energy rank with a certain tomography of human body thermal field are given off, and passes through frame scan successively.Behind line scanning and optical system, the frequency-division filter, focal imaging is in detector and convert analog electrical signal to, this analog electrical signal is transported in the computer become digital electric signal after processing and amplifying, analog-digital converter conversion after, and computer shows this signal does not change temperature to change colour principle with special-purpose software through pseudo-colours.Obvious this method is not really to see through human body with infrared ray to come imaging, the method that its novelty obviously proposes not as class United States Patent (USP) 6023637.The method that the latter proposes is by scanning human body position to be detected, obtains the infrared intensity data, the color that different intensity level is corresponding different.These intensity levels should be in one to have within minimum and the peaked input window.In this window, define an output window again, the maximum of output window should be less than or equal to the maximum of input window, its minima should be more than or equal to the minima of input window. by these two windows data handled, the heat radiation that human body depths tissue is produced also can be showed, the final hot faultage image that obtains tissue. this invention is called as TTM (thermal texture maps) now, its major advantage is not launch any ray (being passive detection), only need just can obtain the dynamic function information of tissue by handling infrared image.Its weak point is the accurate form that is difficult to obtain abnormal structure's (as cancer), and structure and position are in this respect not as CT or ultrasonic, although can be used as their means of supplementing out economy.Trace it to its cause, be because of the temperature difference between abnormal structure or position and normal structure or the position is little generally speaking, if abnormal structure or position are positioned at body surface, if show by Infrared Thermogram or liquid crystal figure easily. but be positioned at the body depths, because heat conducting effect, this small temperature difference just becomes littler when passing to body surface, and the boundary of high-temperature region and low-temperature space is just fuzzyyer, the form at abnormal structure or position is just very inaccurate on the thermography, and its center also is difficult to determine.For overcoming this difficulty, the simplest way is exactly the temperature difference that artificially improves between abnormal structure or position and normal structure or the position.Physiological or pathologic temperature difference that Chinese patent (application number 02159137) proposes to use a kind of temperature contrast medium to make the target site of detection be adjacent the position enlarge, thereby improve the heat picture contrast that target site is adjacent the position.This temperature contrast medium should be the reagent that does not pharmaceutically have toxic side effect.United States Patent (USP) 200100-46471 also proposes to adopt a kind of chemical compound, but it is thermographic contrast before and after using by chemical compound, obtains the usefulness that chemical compound changes the blood thermodynamic property.Obviously, the temperature difference that adopts biochemical means (as special medicament) to improve between certain specified abnormal structure or position and adjacent tissue or the position is the quite work of difficulty.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of breast carcinoma of early stage, the detector of skin carcinoma and other solid carcinoma, solve existing detection breast carcinoma, skin carcinoma device detection operation complexity, testing cost height, detect the big technical problem of radiation.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:

This breast carcinoma of early stage, the detector of skin carcinoma and other solid carcinoma, comprise a temperature sensor, it is characterized in that: the said temperature pick off has at least one row's scanheads to be the broach shape to be evenly arranged on the probe support body, the temperature measurement range of temperature sensor is 0-45 ℃, the head of each scanheads passes the probe support body, the data line that connects each scanheads afterbody links to each other with the detection main frame, detecting main frame has shell, voltage-stabilized power supply circuit, data select switch module, button, also has:

A single-chip microcomputer, comprise clock circuit, memorizer, comparator, computer and data input, output interface, be used for predetermined threshold value, determine the correct step that temperature signal is gathered, the correctness of initial condition and testing conditions when judge gathering is added up and is calculated, calculation result data is sent to display, storage testing result and data, obtains data according to detection and judge whether scanning area exists abnormal structure, sends alarm signal to alarm at the signal of temperature sensor during above predetermined threshold value sampled data;

A pre-amplifying module is used to amplify the temperature sensor data signals transmitted;

An A/D modular converter is used to carry out the mould/number conversion of amplifying signal, and passes to single-chip microcomputer;

A display that is used to show single-chip microcomputer dateout or picture signal;

An alarm sends sound equipment after the reception alarm signal.

Above-mentioned scanning sensing detection device is supporting with the corollary equipment of heating, and the corollary equipment of heating can be continuous schedule electromagnetic wave transmitter or pharoid.

Above-mentioned detection main frame has a computer interface.

Alternating current power supply or direct current supply battery that above-mentioned voltage-stabilized power supply circuit is made up of rectifier cell, transformator and manostat.

Above-mentioned data select switch module is two 16 circuit-switched data selector switch modules, and two 16 circuit-switched data selector switch modules are made up of four No. eight selector switches.

The amplification of above-mentioned pre-amplifying module is not less than 10 times, and be adjustable its zero point.

The data line of said temperature pick off can be cable or multi-channel data line, and the handle internal cavity that above-mentioned data line passes probe support body rear portion is connected with the detection main frame.

The head of above-mentioned scanheads can be fixed in the hole on the probe support body, perhaps with the probe support body on the hole tight fit, the external diameter of scanheads is slightly smaller than the hole internal diameter, make scanheads maybe can firmly advance, release, stretch out the length of probe support body with adjustment by frictional force is fixing in hole.

The extension elongation unanimity of above-mentioned scanheads forms horizontal line array; Perhaps, the extension elongation of each scanheads forms the arc shaped array that adapts to skin surface through adjusting.

Above-mentioned scanheads can be and is staggered or parallel arranged.

Ultimate principle of the present invention: breast tumor is divided into benign tumor and malignant tumor two classes.Benign tumor is made up of the cell of differentiation and maturation, and growth is slow, and is expansion property to development all around, and is less with the surrounding tissue temperature difference, mostly within 1 ℃.On the contrary, malignant tumor is by jejune cellularity, rich blood vessel, the metabolic rate height, growth rapidly, the temperature of malignant cell is higher than normal cell mostly.The skin temperature in breast carcinoma zone that is positioned at shallow-layer is high 1～3 ℃ with respect to the peripheral region sometimes.Generally speaking, the Temperature Distribution of breast carcinoma has following feature:

(1), the whole breast temperature of suffering from breast carcinoma one side often increases than normal side, and with disease progression, the temperature difference is and increases progressively trend;

(2), there is the hot-zone part of Ipsilateral breast;

(3), the mammary areola environment temperature increases;

(4), the Ipsilateral breast has the abnormal vascular figure;

(5), diffusivity high temperature appears in the Ipsilateral breast, bilateral is compared the temperature difference〉1.5 ℃.

If breast lesion is positioned at subcutaneous shallow-layer, just can distinguish preferably with thermal imaging.If but be positioned at than the position, deep, pathological changes kitchen range and temperature difference on every side are reflected on the epidermis, will be very little, in addition little of 0.01 ℃.At this moment, high-grade again thermal imaging system also is difficult to differentiate.So must adopt higher sensing mode and the probe of precision, carry out the scanning from the part to integral body, to find out each interregional fine difference.This pick off requires the probe response speed fast, the resolution height, and data can be carried out high-density acquisition and storage.Simultaneously, also need improve the temperature difference between deep layer abnormal structure and the normal surrounding tissue, could correctly show breast carcinoma position and lesion region size, and can distinguish mutually with benign tissue.

The present invention adopts surveyed area is applied low-yield electromagnetic mode in advance, can reach above-mentioned requirements basically, and its basis is its grade malignancy of structure special-shaped property decision of (1), tumor tissues.Heteromorphism is high more, and the cancerous tissue differentiation degree is low more, and the matter blood vessel is abundant more and connective tissue is few more therebetween, and it is rapid more to grow, and prognosis is poor more.So the blood vessel hyperplasia of pernicious cancerous tissue is many more, moisture content is just high more, and under suitable electromagnetic wave effect, its altitude temperature difference effect is just remarkable more.(2), the pathological change metabolism always of body changes formerly, morphosis change after.The metabolic activity Showed Very Brisk of malignant tumor tissue can need more glucose than normal structure, and therefore, its concentration of glucose also just is higher than its hetero-organization.Given this, tumorigenic early stage, when a lot of morphology image checks were not found the body abnormal change, the glucose metabolism video picture just can " be reported to the police ".At present, an emerging glucose metabolism imaging technique promptly is that radionuclide is synthesized to glucose, become and have radioactive glucose, after injecting it in the human body, with detection instrument in external reception emission signal, and carry out Flame Image Process, just can obtain the radioactivity glucose at the intravital scattergram of people.It can reflect the situation of partes corporis humani's glucose metabolism.Can be used for diagnosing the tumor of a lot of types.But because inspection fee is higher, can not be as the primary dcreening operation inspection of diagnosing tumor.Generally suspect and conventional imaging examination does not find that under the situation such as focus, it is just comparatively suitable to use at clinical height.According to a large amount of experiments of inventor, the tissue that concentration of glucose is high more, it is just high more to absorb electromagnetic efficient, and temperature rises just high more, and is just big more with the temperature difference of surrounding tissue.So needn't use radionuclide, only need to adopt this equipment, just can reach identical effect.(3), a large amount of medical experiments shows, when using the electromagnetic wave therapy cancerous issue, can make cancerous cell higher 5-10 ℃ than the temperature of normal surrounding tissue, while is owing to structure is unusual, these heat can not spread out of again rapidly, cause the accumulation of heat in the cancerous issue, and temperature can reach more than 40 ℃.In sum, cancerous issue can be amplified significantly with the small temperature difference in surrounding tissue or zone under special electromagnetic wave physical and chemical effect, forms a temporary transient thermal source in the body depths.Adopt array of temperature sensor, this heat source region is scanned, just can obtain the information of this early stage cancerous issue in depths, zone exactly.

The present invention also can detect other shallow table soft tissue illness, comprises cutaneous papilloma, skin carcinoma, nevus and melanoma, lipoma, neurofibroma, hemangioma etc.The benign lump of script might change into pernicious, is a progressive process but change, and there is no sign in early days.In case find significantly to worsen, as ulcer, sharply growth is too late.According to aforementioned principles, the metabolism difference of shallow table lump tissue also detects by the present invention easily.

Electromagnetic wave is the essence of biological tissue's thermal effect, the electromagenetic wave radiation organism and be penetrated among the tissue after, when this tissue absorbs heat that electromagnetic wave the subject of knowledge and the object of knowledge transforms and surpasses the heat that blood circulation and conduction of heat take away, will produce the accumulation of heat, cause that partial thermal ataxia and temperature rise.The skin of organism, muscle, fat and each internal organs all are by the polarity protein molecular, and polar water molecules and inorganic ion are formed, and they are by all being made up of the atomic nucleus and the electronegative electronics of positively charged.Do not have when adding electromagnetic field, all arrange, be in poised state by specific forms and rule.When adding electromagnetic field, Biomedia promptly interacts with electromagnetic field, and following state occurs: mutation appears in (1), polar molecule, and electron displacement polarization promptly takes place.This polarization obtains energy from electromagnetic field at any time, correspondingly changes polarised direction by the alternating electromagnetic field rule, is converted into heat energy.(2), polar molecule all has certain dipole moment.Add outside under the electromagnetic field effect, will rearrange, and vibrate back and forth, collide mutually with adjacent molecule simultaneously, aggravated the confusion motion of these molecules, increased heat with electromagnetic field.(3), add under the electromagnetic field effect, ion is quickened and is produced mobilely, produces heat with adjacent molecule collision.But because the component and the structure of each organ or tissue of organism have certain difference, especially the moisture content difference is bigger, thereby calorifics is different with electric property, causes heat effect very big difference may occur.Experiment shows that microwave has following electrical characteristics at Fu Shui tissue (in skin and muscle):

Wavelength cm penetration depth cm in frequency MHz DIELECTRIC CONSTANT H electric conductance σ H (S/M) tissue

10 160 0.602 118 21.6

27.12 113 0.625 68.1 14.3

40.68 97.3 0.680 51.3 11.2

433 53 1.18 8.76 3.57

915 51 1.28 4.46 3.04

2450 47 2.17 1.76 1.70

By contrast, the electrical characteristics of microwave in weary water tissue (as fat and skeleton) have a great difference:

Wavelength cm penetration depth cm in frequency MHz DIELECTRIC CONSTANT H electric conductance σ H (S/M) tissue

27.12 20 10.9—43.2 241 159

40.68 14.6 12.6—52.8 187 118

433 5.6 37.9—118 28.8 26.2

915 5.6 55.6—147 13.7 17.7

2450 5.5 96.4—213 5.21 11.2

From above-mentioned data as can be seen, because moisture difference, under the microwave action of same frequency, dielectric constant between the tissue or electrical conductivity can differ nearly ten times.So in the rich water tissue, the loss of microwave will be much higher than the loss in weary water tissue.In other words, under the same microwave action, the temperature of Fu Shui tissue raises and organizes much obvious than weary water.Here it is, and microwave causes occurring between different tissues the reason of the temperature difference.The far infrared wave that other electromagnetic wave, especially wavelength are a bit larger tham microwave near the ultrashort wave and the wavelength of microwave, they cause the living organism temperature to raise and tissue between the mechanism that increases of temperature difference basic identical.

Generation is to acting on human body, and the electromagnetic wave technology that its intensity and frequency all are controlled in the harmless scope is increasingly mature, and many equipment are the marketization.These technology and equipments are used for the organism disease treatment mostly.Such as various microwave therapy apparatuses is exactly to adopt contact or discontiguous different irradiator the human body disease sites to be applied the microwave of lasting or impulse form, utilize its effect hot and non-heat to reach and make the tissue blood vessel expansion, permeability of cell membrane improves, improve Nutrition and Metabolism, promote tissue regeneration and spasmolytic, relieve the pain and purpose such as antiinflammatory.Conventional frequency is from 10MHz to 2450MHz, and power bracket mostly is 10 to 30 minutes action time from tens of to hundreds of watt.But for the situation of killing cancerous cell with high temperature, the power requirement of microwave is bigger, generally needs action time to continue more than 40 minutes, and the temperature that can make the canceration position just was elevated to more than 42.5 ℃ rapidly in begin to heat 10 to 15 minutes.

Characteristics of the present invention and beneficial effect are as follows:

The electromagnetic wave transmitter that the present invention adopts only is used to make the temperature at a certain position of body suitably to raise or makes the temperature difference between tissue reach certain level, than above-mentioned microwave or other electromagnetic wave equipment that is used for the treatment of function, has following characteristics.

One. power demand is very little, is generally less than 30W.

Two. action time is not long, generally is shorter than 5min, adopts the continuous schedule emission usually, does not adopt the pulse radiation pattern.

Three. used frequency or wavelength depend on the degree of depth of position to be detected or tissue.The degree of depth is dark more, frequency should be low more or wavelength should be longer.Such as detection, should use the decimetric wave of frequency 460MHz for depths breast carcinoma.Otherwise, for the position or the tissue of shallow table, the electromagnetic wave that usable frequency is higher or wavelength is short slightly.

Four. for the chromatographic technique of realizing that the back will be narrated, the frequency of electromagnetic wave emission or power or action time should be accurately, adjust in a big way at one easily, change and control.

Five. used irradiator is relevant with the shape of position to be detected or organ.For microwave, because of dispersivity is big, need be with special system during transmission, it generally is made up of waveguide or coaxial cable and the different irradiator of shape and structure that is attached thereto.The size and dimension of irradiator can with the frequency resonance of microwave generator, the emission port of irradiator can be complementary with the shape of position to be detected or organ.Such as the situation for detection breast carcinoma, emission port can be designed to than the hemispherical big slightly with breast size.For the detection waist, the situation of breast abdominal part, can be designed to the bigger opening of area is saddle-shaped irradiator.

Six. during use, irradiator and position to be detected, tissue or organ can directly contact, and also can keep certain distance, and middle available air is made medium, also can be every the underwear to approach.As with absorbing very little material (as quartz sand) filling body of electromagnetism wave energy and the gap ` between the irradiator, can reduce microwave and in air, reflect and scattering, improve the microwave utilization rate.

Seven. consider the interference of electromagnetic wave to temperature sensor and host part, common two processes are separately carried out.Promptly earlier act on position to be detected with electromagnetic wave, tissue or organ when reaching between ideal temperature or tissue the temperature difference, stop the electromagnetic wave effect, begin the scanning at this position immediately.Obtain the multidate information of body tissue if desired, above-mentioned two step processes can be carried out repeatedly, promptly press: apply electromagnetic wave, and----temperature detection----carry out by the pattern that applies electromagnetic wave----temperature detection.Under the particular case, be not subjected to Electromagnetic Interference as temperature sensor, the then above-mentioned process that was divided into for two steps can be carried out simultaneously, Yi Bian promptly apply electromagnetic wave, a scan edge detects the temperature variation effects that electromagnetic wave causes.

According to above-mentioned principle, can make electromagnetic wave transmitter by oneself, also can buy the electromagnetic wave curing instrument on the market, directly use or reequip the back use.Such as home products: holy general SPW-1B type domestic microwave therapeutic instrument, 1-30W is adjustable for its power, and frequency 2450MHz can be to reaching the tissue heating at 50mm place deeply, and it is hemispherical that the microwave radiometer that is connected with coaxial cable just in time is.So the heating that can be directly used in before breast scanning detects is used.

The present invention adopts the stripped rich water tissue (muscle) of fresh animal to carry out microwave test: microwave frequency: 2450MHz, maximum microwave power: 300W, room temperature: 16.4 ℃.Temperature test point (being distance in the bracket): A point (0mm), B point (7mm), C point (14mm), D point (21mm), E point (28mm) and F point (35mm) with the top layer.Wherein A point and F point are the surface points of material

Under experimental result---different action times (10,20,30 and 40s), each measuring point temperature (℃) data

Test point A B C D E F

Initial temperature 16.6 17.1 17.2 17.2 17.1 16.5

Effect 10s 17.5 17.2 17.2 17.2 17.1 16.5

Effect 20s 20.8 18.5 17.3 17.2 17.1 16.4

Effect 30s 26.3 21.6 18.7 17.5 17.3 16.6

Effect 40s 35.7 22.8 19.6 18.2 17.5 16.6

In above-mentioned experiment, behind each microwave action, all need cool off 2 minutes, make tissue temperature get back to former initial temperature value substantially.From experimental result, the microwave action time is short more, and the degree of depth that heat effect reaches is just shallow more.Such as under above-mentioned experiment condition, have only to reach action time more than the 30s, just begin to have tangible temperature to raise from the depths of top layer 14mm.The aspect even heat 40s, does not have tangible temperature change from the depths of top layer 28mm yet in addition.So proper as long as parameter and electromagnetic wave model of action are selected, just can realize the accurate control of deep tissues variations in temperature by only changing action time.

Fig. 6 after adopting the technology of the present invention that 25s (the about 15W of power) is heated with SPW-1B type domestic microwave instrument earlier in a certain zone of human body, adopts the accurate three-dimensional temperature profile that obtains after the scanning of aforementioned main frame and sensor probe.The scanning direction is from left to right.Trunnion axis is scanning distance coordinate (about 30mm) among the figure, and the temperature coordinate marks with the oblique line perpendicular to the plane of scanning motion, and unit is ℃, and 16 temperature curves are arranged among the figure, is that 16 sensor scans obtain, the about 1-2mm/s of scanning speed.From figure, can know and see subcutaneous certain depth abnormal area and temperature of tissue surrounding difference.This species diversity is originally very little, is difficult to detect with common thermometry.But after adopting the technology of the present invention that the temperature difference is amplified, just present significantly unusual at skin surface.

The early lesion exploration technology that the present invention relates to is compared with triage techniques with existing breast carcinoma generaI investigation in the world, has following advance:

(1), be different from biochemistry detection, the present invention adopts complete noninvasive detection mode, need not take a blood sample or collect body fluid, has alleviated the patient suffering, has also avoided any infection risk.

(2), be different from X ray photography or CT detects, do not send any ray or only launch low-energy harmless electromagnetic wave according to equipment of the present invention, the patient is perfectly safe, does not have the risk of suffering from the rising of cancer probability fully.

(3), accuracy of detection of the present invention detects far above B ultrasonic, can measure the subcutaneous 50mm that reaches deeply, little early stage abnormal mass to 1-2mm, tuberosity or mammary cancer 1 phase (T ₀Cancer) tissue.

(4), the present invention's detection level that can reach also is better than general infrared thermoviewer.0.01 ℃ of its temperature accuracy; Investigation depth 50mm; Positional precision 0.5mm.

(5), be different from B ultrasonic, X ray, the image that the resulting layman of CT or MRI can not understand, the present invention can pass through computer software, the size and the position of diseased region are shown with two dimension or three-dimensional visual image, easy-to-understand, can be used as user fully and do reference when further making a definite diagnosis to hospital.

(6), with X ray photography, CT detects or nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR (MRI) is compared, the present invention is without reagent or reagent paper, power consumption is extremely low, it is almost nil to detect cost.

(7), the present invention can effectively get rid of the various interference that occur in the detection, data are reliable, good reproducibility.

(8), testing conditions of the present invention is loose, do not need constant-temperature enclosed space, serviceability temperature wide ranges (0-30 ℃).

(9), equipment of the present invention is easy to use, detect fast, the automaticity height, volume is little.

(10), except that breast lesion, the present invention also can be used for the part other diseases, as bone tumor, the checking oneself in early days of skin carcinoma and peripheral vascular disease etc.

(11), because simple and practical, the cost and the selling price of this instrument are generally investigated instrument far below other, are the instruments of checking oneself that is applicable to early stage mammary gland that household person uses and other illness.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the horizontal array sketch map of the scanheads of temperature sensor.

Fig. 2 is the scanheads arc shaped array sketch map of temperature sensor.

Fig. 3 is the local sketch map of adjusting of the scanheads of temperature sensor.

Fig. 4 is the staggered sketch maps of two row's scanheadss.

Fig. 5 detects the inner composition frame chart of main frame.

Fig. 6 scans the temperature profile that obtains after the human body surface zone applies electromagnetic wave.

Reference numeral: 1-temperature sensor, 1.1-scanheads, 1.2-hole, 1.3-data line, 1.4-handle, 1.5-probe support body, 2-skin surface, 3-button.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment is referring to Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, a kind of breast carcinoma of early stage, the detector of skin carcinoma and other solid carcinoma, comprise a temperature sensor 1, its temperature sensor has at least one row's scanheads 1.1 to be the broach shape to be evenly arranged on the probe support body 1.5, the temperature measurement range of temperature sensor is 0-45 ℃, and the head of each scanheads passes probe support body 1.5, and the data line 1.3 that connects each scanheads afterbody links to each other with the detection main frame.The data line 1.3 of said temperature pick off is cable or multi-channel data line, and handle 1.4 internal cavities that above-mentioned data line passes probe support body 1.5 rear portions are connected with the detection main frame.The data line of pick off is connected with main frame after can adopting cable or multi-channel data line to pass the probe handle.

Scanheads generally requires highly sensitive, and volume is little, and thermal inertia is little, and response time is short, low in energy consumption and good stability, and profile is preferably needle-like, and external diameter is not more than 3mm.The material requirements of probe support body is conducted heat good.The absolute value temperature coefficient that temperature sensor detects is not less than 0.01/K, and drift is not higher than 100 days 1mK, and response time is not higher than 3s, 0-45 ℃ of temperature measurement range.

The specific requirement of scanheads array: the head of above-mentioned scanheads can adopt in the hole 1.2 of mechanical method fixation on the probe support body such as adorning screw, perhaps with the probe support body on the hole tight fit, the external diameter of scanheads is slightly smaller than the hole internal diameter, make scanheads maybe can firmly advance, release, stretch out the length of probe support body 1.5 with adjustment by frictional force is fixing in hole.

The extension elongation of scanheads can be consistent, forms horizontal line array.The extension elongation of each scanheads also can form the arc shaped array that adapts to skin surface 2 through adjusting.Scanheads can be and is staggered or parallel arranged, should be in one plane evenly distributed, and spacing is equal, and as far as possible little, but can not be in contact with one another.Stretching out the adjustable length of probe handle also can fix.

If each pick off stretches out the length of handle through adjusting meticulously, form the sensor array of arc shaped, this array just is adapted at scanning on the curved skin.Use the women of this pick off, can regulate in advance according to the shape of self breast, make the syringe needle of each scanheads can both be on the direction perpendicular to the scanning route as far as possible, even contact be to the skin surface that is about to scanning.If outstanding tissue is arranged in the zone of plan scanning, as nipple, tumor, the scanheads on the relevant position can be adjusted or extract to nevus or cicatrix in advance, make outstanding the carrying out that does not influence scanning of organizing.If positional precision is improved, can with sensor array design staggered two rows.

The selected earlier position that needs scanning of the use of scanheads such as the outer downside of breast, is the center with the nipple, makes vertical and horizontal plane, and breast is divided into four quadrants, and according to statistics, the probability that outer upside and outer downside suffer from breast cancer is bigger.

Determine the scanning direction.Generally speaking, the scanning direction should be 90 ° of angles with the plane at scanheads array place.And the scanheads array plane should be perpendicular to skin surface.Such as for the outer downside of breast, if the scanheads array plane horizontal by 45, the scanning direction is preferably horizontal by-45.

According to the position to be detected profile on the scanning direction, adjust the length that the scanheads syringe needle stretches out handle.Purpose is to allow each scanheads even contact arrive skin surface.Such as for the outer downside position of breast, the scanheads array just should be arranged in the arc shaped that adapts with user breast profile.

User hand-hold scanning probe handle gently is pressed in the scanheads array on the skin at position to be detected, and keeps the scanheads plane vertical with skin surface.Check then whether each scanheads syringe needle all touches skin.If not, also must adjust again.After the start, all touch skin if not each scanheads syringe needle, then detecting main frame can sound a buzzer automatically, prompting initial detecting condition has problem, user needs the scanheads numbering according to the display screen prompting, carefully check this locational scanheads, readjust the length that it stretches out handle.

After the start, the scanning direction according to predetermined keeps uniform pressure, and it is at the uniform velocity mobile to allow the scanheads array probe carry out perpendicular to skin surface all the time.Translational speed is more suitable between 2mm/s to 20mm/s.

Scanning distance is decided according to the size of scanning area, and long distance may surpass the original profile of scanning area, and the linear transducer array shape is no longer matched, and at this moment main frame also can be sounded a buzzer, and the prompting testing conditions changes, and the data that obtain are meaningless.

Referring to Fig. 5, detect main frame by voltage-stabilized power supply circuit, the data select switch module, pre-amplifying module, the A/D modular converter, central die processor, data or image display, sound prompting/alarm, the probe data interface, computer interface, button 3, on and off switch, clock circuit and shell etc. are partly formed.

Single-chip microcomputer (central die processor): comprise clock circuit, memorizer, comparator, computer and data input, output interface, have following function:

Determine the correct step that temperature signal is gathered, the correctness of initial condition and testing conditions when judging collection.After start, if not all the sensors syringe needle can both contact skin, at this moment bigger difference can appear between the temperature signal of receiving, the pick off that does not have to contact or only slightly contact skin send the electricity signal value to be starkly lower than other pick offs, process chip can be judged this situation automatically, allow buzzer sound a buzzer and demonstrate this number of sensor on display screen, the length that this position sensor syringe needle stretches out the probe handle is also adjusted in prompting user inspection.Equally, when the profile of scanning area and linear transducer array shape were no longer mated, main frame also can be sounded a buzzer, and the prompting testing conditions changes, and the data that obtain are meaningless.

Sampled data is added up and calculated.

Result of calculation is delivered to display to be shown.

Store testing result or connect RAM data storage storage data by interface.

Obtain data according to detection and judge whether scanning area exists abnormal structure, if any, show relevant information automatically, remind user to resurvey.

Sound equipment or controlling alarm.

Key control is preset and pressed to other parameters.

Single-chip microcomputer can adopt the product that can buy on the market, such as the central die processing unit of 80C31 single-chip microcomputer as detection control and date processing.Certainly also can adopt other better single-chip microcomputers or integrated circuit and chip.

Pre-amplifying module: be used to amplify the temperature sensor data signals transmitted; Data enter preamplifier through behind the selector switch.Its effect is that the faint temperature signal that front end is sent into is amplified.As adopt negative tempperature coefficient thermistor, be not subjected to the influence of follow-up circuit in order to ensure the linear compensation feature of signal, output termination one follower at temperature signal will oppositely amplify by the temperature voltage of follower, the voltage that successively decreases with the temperature rising is become increase progressively.Positive linear relationship between formation temperature and the voltage.The amplification of preamplifier generally should not be lower than 10 times, and the zero point of amplifying circuit is preferably adjustable.

A/D modular converter: be used to carry out the mould/number conversion of amplifying signal, and pass to single-chip microcomputer.Signal is amplified into the A/D conversion, and being about to electrical signal conversion is digital signal.The commercially available prod be can adopt, as the A/D change-over circuit, reference voltage and clock established in the circuit such as 12 station integrated circuits of MAX1911.A/D conversion is controlled by the central die processor, and the latter starts the A/D conversion by sheet choosing mouthful and access hole, and single-chip microcomputer was read the least-significant byte of translation data and high 4 at twice after conversion finished.Certainly also can adopt other better converter ics.Such as AD574, be 12 A/D, temperature resolution is up to 0.01 degree.

Display: be used to show single-chip microcomputer dateout or picture signal.Display can adopt high-brightness LED, but for display image and more tissue abnormalities information, preferably adopts liquid crystal display.There is finished product to select on the market, such as 128X128 graphic dot matrix Liquid Crystal Module, be with Chinese and English character library, can show 8 row Chinese character or English, built-in T6963C controller is arranged, carrying negative pressure and LED-backlit. the programming that can be provided by aforementioned single-chip microcomputer allows LCDs show required interface (as temperature anomaly regional location and detection time) automatically.Also can artificially control other function, as access former detection data etc. by display screen control unit (or button).After liquid crystal display also can oneself design, customized to producer.

Alarm: send sound equipment after receiving alarm signal.Sound prompting/warning circuit can be formed by buzzer is connected with the INT0 mouth of single board computer (central die processing unit).When initial conditioned disjunction testing conditions was improper, alarm sounding, prompting user were adjusted pick off or are stopped scanning.When finding to have obvious temperature drift unusual in the scanning, can also report to the police automatically.Allowing user vigilance, and rescan, all is so if detect repeatedly, shows that the user needs detect to hospital as early as possible to have made a definite diagnosis.

Voltage-stabilized power supply circuit: comprise rectifier cell, transformator and voltage stabilizing control circuit part.If adopt 220V or 110V power supply, required transformator should be converted into the low pressure that is not higher than 30V, and commutator becomes DC voltage with it.The effect of manostat is keep supply voltage stable, and this operate as normal for instrument is very important.Because if adopt be critesistor as temperature sensor, must provide in full accord and stablize constant voltage and current each pick off in the testing process.Because required power supply low pressure is the used scope of conventional instrument, most of element of power module can directly be bought commercially available product.Such as transformator and manostat.For instrument can be carried, also can adopt 12V direct current supply mode.Such as battery with 8 joint 1.5V.But because cell voltage can must add the voltage stabilizing circuit in addition, otherwise the instrument working condition will run down along with prolonging service time and descending gradually.

The data select switch module: its effect is the temperature signal of accepting to come from sensor array, if buy commercially available finished product temperature sensor, this temperature signal is all imported main frame with the form of voltage or electric current by data wire.Such as adopting 16 negative tempperature coefficient thermistors to form sensor array, resistance of sensor 10k Ω, temperature signal at first enter two 16 circuit-switched data selector switch modules, and two 16 circuit-switched data selector switch modules can be made up of four No. eight selector switch C4051.This selector switch can bought on the market.

Other part, as button, on and off switch, computer interface, socket, plug, clock and wiring etc. does not all have specific (special) requirements, can buy the off-the-shelf assembling.

About improving the technology and the corollary equipment of deep layer pathological tissues temperature

Above-mentioned scanning sensing detection device can be supporting with the corollary equipment of heating, and the corollary equipment of heating is continuous schedule electromagnetic wave transmitter or pharoid.The electromagnetic wave transmitter that adopts only is used to make the temperature at a certain position of body suitably to raise or makes the temperature difference between tissue reach certain level, than above-mentioned microwave or other electromagnetic wave equipment that is used for the treatment of function, has following characteristics.

One. power demand is very little, is generally less than 30W.Keep power and action time constant, if change the electromagnetic wave tranmitting frequency, electromagnetic wave (as microwave) frequency is high more, same power, and under action time and the body tissue condition, the degree of depth that electromagnetic wave penetrates is shallow more.Effective depth such as decimetric wave (460MHz) can reach 7-9cm, and far infrared just can only work to the degree of depth of top layer 1-2mm.

Two. action time is not long, generally is shorter than 5min, adopts the continuous schedule emission usually, does not adopt the pulse radiation pattern.If holding frequency and action time are constant, change the electromagnetic wave transmitting power, under the constant situation of other condition, electromagnetic wave power is low more, and the degree of depth that acts in tissue is shallow more.

Three. used frequency or wavelength depend on the degree of depth of position to be detected or tissue.The degree of depth is dark more, frequency should be low more or wavelength should be longer.Such as detection, should use the decimetric wave of frequency 460MHz for depths breast carcinoma.Otherwise, for the position or the tissue of shallow table, the electromagnetic wave that usable frequency is higher or wavelength is short slightly.If holding frequency and power are constant, change electromagnetic wave action time, a large amount of experiments of inventor show that action time is short more, the degree of depth that electromagnetic wave reaches is just shallow more.

Four. the frequency of electromagnetic wave emission or power or action time should be accurately, adjust in a big way at one easily, change and control.

Five. used irradiator is relevant with the shape of position to be detected or organ.The present invention will avoid scattering in order to reach the purpose of accurate control electromagnetic wave depth of interaction, can adopt the irradiator that is similar to electromagnetic wave curing instrument, and electromagnetic beam is hit in detecting position or organ, prevents energy spread.For microwave, because of dispersivity is big, need be with special system during transmission, it generally is made up of waveguide (or coaxial cable) and the different irradiator of shape and structure that is attached thereto.The size and dimension of irradiator can with the frequency resonance of microwave generator, the emission port of irradiator can be complementary with the shape of position to be detected or organ.Such as the situation for detection breast carcinoma, emission port can be designed to than the hemispherical big slightly with breast size.For the detection waist, the situation of breast abdominal part, can be designed to the bigger opening of area is saddle-shaped irradiator.

Six. during use, irradiator and position to be detected, tissue or organ can directly contact, and also can keep certain distance, and middle available air is made medium, also can be every the underwear to approach.As with absorbing very little material (as quartz sand) filling body of electromagnetism wave energy and the gap ` between the irradiator, can reduce microwave and in air, reflect and scattering, improve the microwave utilization rate.

Seven. consider the interference of electromagnetic wave to temperature sensor and host part, common two processes are separately carried out.Promptly earlier act on position to be detected with electromagnetic wave, tissue or organ when reaching between ideal temperature or tissue the temperature difference, stop the electromagnetic wave effect, begin the scanning at this position immediately.Obtain the multidate information of body tissue if desired, above-mentioned two step processes can be carried out repeatedly, promptly press: apply electromagnetic wave, and----temperature detection----carry out by the pattern that applies electromagnetic wave----temperature detection.Under the particular case, be not subjected to Electromagnetic Interference as temperature sensor, the then above-mentioned process that was divided into for two steps can be carried out simultaneously, Yi Bian promptly apply electromagnetic wave, a scan edge detects the temperature variation effects that electromagnetic wave causes.

The present invention can adopt following steps when using:

(1), selected good body area to be checked, as the outer downside of breast, to scanning by preceding method at this position, and with data storage in computer, be called first group of data.

(2), adopt electromagnetic wave that certain depth under this position body surface (is heated certain hour as the layer tissue (being called first depth layer) in 0-3mm), this layer tissue temperature is elevated to a certain degree, if in the tissue abnormal area is arranged, because to the difference of electromaganic wave absorbing property, electromagnetic wave will make the temperature difference between abnormal area and normal structure amplify.

(3), the scanning second time is carried out at this position, its data are called second group of data, second group of data and the first group of data that is stored in the computer are compared, also second group of data can be compared with the data that under similarity condition (identical electromagnetic wave parameter) scans the normal structure that obtains in advance, according to the temperature difference of amplifying, find out the temperature anomaly zone, and obtain the two-dimensional coordinate of its size and central point on the plane of scanning motion, its degree of depth just should be in first depth layer (in as 0-3mm).As do not find to continue the following step in the temperature anomaly zone.

(4), this test section megadyne temperature degree recovers normally (not necessarily requiring to recover fully) substantially by the time, adopt once more electromagnetic wave to more deep degree under this position body surface (as the layer tissue in 0-6mm), be called second depth layer heating certain hour, this layer tissue temperature is raise, and the temperature difference between abnormal area and normal structure is amplified.

(5), this position is scanned for the third time, its data are called the 3rd group of data, with the 3rd group of data and first group and second group of data comparison being stored in the computer, also can compare with the data of the normal structure that under similarity condition, obtains in advance, according to the temperature difference of amplifying, find out the temperature anomaly zone, and on the plane of scanning motion, obtain the two-dimensional coordinate of its size and central point, because (in 0-3mm) no abnormal zone in first depth layer, so abnormal area at this moment just should be positioned at the scope that the depth capacity (6mm) of second depth layer deducts the depth capacity (3mm) of first depth layer, just under the body surface in the degree of depth of 3-6mm.As finding the temperature anomaly zone not yet, continue the step of above-mentioned electromagnetic wave heating-scanning, up to the accurate position of finding out abnormal area or till determining this detection no abnormal zone, position.

In the process that detects, the present invention is also noted that following characteristics: because the electromagnetic wave external inside emission of slave always, so along with the increase of electromagnetic wave depth of interaction, the temperature of textura epidermoidea also will improve, and be more near the tissue of body surface, the temperature rising is many more.This just makes the shown bulk temperature level of each depth layer that obtains in the chromatography process increase gradually.The bulk temperature level that is aforementioned second group of data is higher than first group, and the bulk temperature level of the 3rd group of data is higher than second group, and the like.So abnormal area is dark more, the abnormal area that reflects and the difference of surrounding tissue are just more little.In order to overcome this difficulty, the present invention adopts special surface cool method, that is to say, in the electromagnetic wave effect or after a while, the surface cool that makes surveyed area is to uniform temperature, when to be scanned, because surface temperature is lower than internal temperature, the heat in tissue that internal temperature is unusual or zone just can pass to the surface rapidly, makes respective regions tangible temperature occur and raises, and the accuracy of detection just more can be guaranteed.According to the difference of cooling medium, the method for cooling surface has three classes, i.e. gas, liquid and solid cooled.The simplest gas cooled is utilized natural convection air exactly, and the ambient temperature during by control detection just can easily realize.Before the electromagnetic wave heating, shell temperature is 33 ℃, and room temperature has only 15 ℃, and after the heating, shell temperature can drop to rapidly near 15 ℃ from being higher than 33 ℃, and so, the heat of high-temperature region, depths just can pass to the surface fast.The heat of deep layer spreads out of in order to make more, and the heat radiation on surface needs faster.At this time can adopt the mode of forced-convection heat transfer, promptly use the intermittence blows cold air of fan between electromagenetic wave radiation device and body surface of certain power, when making the electromagnetic wave effect, surface temperature is kept reduced levels all the time.The cooling effect of liquid is remarkable, but equipment wants complicated, can adopt seldom to absorb electromagnetic solid material, make flat box-like as some engineering plastics and pottery, interior dress seldom absorbs electromagnetic cooling liquid, as mineral oils, is positioned between irradiator and the body surface.The temperature of cooling liquid can accurately be controlled, and cools off again to use repeatedly by refrigerator.The solid cooled method is simply effective, but temperature control is difficult for.The simplest way adopts exactly and does not absorb electromagnetic wave, and the big solid of thermal capacity is positioned between irradiator and the body surface.Solid temperature should be measured in advance, to calculate the degree that shell temperature is reduced.

Claims (10)

1. [claim 1] a kind of breast carcinoma of early stage, the detector of skin carcinoma and other solid carcinoma, comprise a temperature sensor (1), it is characterized in that: the said temperature pick off has at least one row's scanheads (1.1) to be the broach shape to be evenly arranged on the probe support body (1.5), the temperature measurement range of temperature sensor is 0-45 ℃, the head of each scanheads passes probe support body (1.5), the data line (1.3) that connects each scanheads afterbody links to each other with the detection main frame, detect main frame shell is arranged, voltage-stabilized power supply circuit, the data select switch module, button (3) also has:

   A single-chip microcomputer, comprise clock circuit, memorizer, comparator, computer and data input, output interface, be used for predetermined threshold value, determine the correct step that temperature signal is gathered, the correctness of initial condition and testing conditions when judge gathering is added up and is calculated, calculation result data is sent to display, storage testing result and data, obtains data according to detection and judge whether scanning area exists abnormal structure, sends alarm signal to alarm at the signal of temperature sensor during above predetermined threshold value sampled data;

   A pre-amplifying module is used to amplify the temperature sensor data signals transmitted;

   An A/D modular converter is used to carry out the mould/number conversion of amplifying signal, and passes to single-chip microcomputer;

   A display that is used to show single-chip microcomputer dateout or picture signal;

   An alarm sends sound equipment after the reception alarm signal.
2. [claim 2] breast carcinoma of early stage according to claim 1, the detector of skin carcinoma and other solid carcinoma, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned scanning sensing detection device is supporting with the corollary equipment of heating, and the corollary equipment of heating is continuous schedule electromagnetic wave transmitter or pharoid.
3. [claim 3] breast carcinoma of early stage according to claim 1, the detector of skin carcinoma and other solid carcinoma, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned detection main frame has a computer interface.
4. [claim 4] is according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described breast carcinoma of early stage, the detector of skin carcinoma and other solid carcinoma is characterized in that: alternating current power supply or direct current supply battery that above-mentioned voltage-stabilized power supply circuit is made up of rectifier cell, transformator and manostat.
5. [claim 5] is according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described breast carcinoma of early stage, the detector of skin carcinoma and other solid carcinoma, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned data select switch module is two 16 circuit-switched data selector switch modules, and two 16 circuit-switched data selector switch modules are made up of four No. eight selector switches.
6. [claim 6] according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described breast carcinoma of early stage, the detector of skin carcinoma and other solid carcinoma, and it is characterized in that: the amplification of above-mentioned pre-amplifying module is not less than 10 times, and be adjustable its zero point.
7. [claim 7] is according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described breast carcinoma of early stage, the detector of skin carcinoma and other solid carcinoma, it is characterized in that: the data line of said temperature pick off (1.3) is cable or multi-channel data line, and handle (1.4) internal cavity that above-mentioned data line passes probe support body (1.5) rear portion is connected with the detection main frame.
8. [claim 8] is according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described breast carcinoma of early stage, the detector of skin carcinoma and other solid carcinoma, it is characterized in that: the head of above-mentioned scanheads is fixed in the hole (1.2) on the probe support body, perhaps with the probe support body on the hole tight fit, the external diameter of scanheads is slightly smaller than the hole internal diameter, make scanheads maybe can firmly advance, release, stretch out the length of probe support body (1.5) with adjustment by frictional force is fixing in hole.
9. [claim 9] according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described breast carcinoma of early stage, the detector of skin carcinoma and other solid carcinoma, and it is characterized in that: the extension elongation unanimity of above-mentioned scanheads forms horizontal line array; Perhaps, the extension elongation of each scanheads forms the arc shaped array that adapts to skin surface (2) through adjusting.
10. [claim 10] according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described breast carcinoma of early stage, the detector of skin carcinoma and other solid carcinoma, and it is characterized in that: above-mentioned scanheads is for being staggered or parallel arranged.

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