Gasifying biomass equipment and gasifying process
Technical field
The present invention relates to the destructive distillation production combustion gas of carbonaceous material, relate in particular to a kind of gasifying biomass equipment and gasifying process.
Background technology
The whole world is generally with coal at present; Oil; Nonrenewable resources such as Sweet natural gas are as main fuel. produce a large amount of obnoxious flavour and flue dust in most of process combustion. and the gasifying biomass equipment need not fuel is directly burnt; But with multiple biomass and organic waste under the anoxybiotic state, produce a kind of equipment of inflammable gas; Because biomass and organic waste are a kind of inexhaustible resources, but both utilization of waste material, but cleaning ambient again, the minimizing environmental pollution.
Simultaneously, well-known, the inflammable gas that under the state of anoxycausis, produces contains amounts of dust, wood tar oil and wood vinegar, faces that the problem of difficulty is the extraction wood tar oil and hinder the biomass energy development; Moreover any gas is all compressible, but inflammable gas has inflammable and explosive characteristics, so the storage of combustion gas and transmission equipment require to have simultaneously dual-use function explosion-proof and that gas is compressed.
Patented claim CN101307238 " biomass gasification device " and CN101302430 " method for preparing combustion gas with agricultural waste material and organic waste " disclose a kind of biomass gasification device and biogas metallization processes respectively; Its complete assembly interconnects under closed state; With natural agricultural waste material and organic waste is raw material; Energy transformation through multiple biomass energy; Formed the high efficient energy sources of clean environment firendly, low-cost, the easy popularization, and be inexhaustible, nexhaustible green energy resource.
Yet its design still exists some unsatisfactory parts, comprising:
(1) above-mentioned patent with explosion-proof air as generating combustion gas mobile power and as the compressed power of pure gas in whole device; Under the draft effect of vacuum pump, the combustion gas that contains impurity still contains a small amount of wood tar oil inevitably through after the sedimentation and filtering operation of a lot of; Because it is than great, viscosity is high, when combustion gas is passed through air subsequently; Nature can be bonded on the inwall and pressure ring of air; Cleaning in time, otherwise the time one is long, and the working efficiency of air must reduce; Thereby the gasification efficiency of complete assembly is reduced greatly.
(2) complete assembly complex structure, floor space is big, and the gasifying process flow process is many, and the installation and maintenance workload is big, thereby the technology cost is increased, and gasification efficiency reduces.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned defective of existing in prior technology, the present invention is intended to disclose a kind of compact construction, floor space is little, convenient for installation and maintenance, and simple, the low cost of technology, high-level efficiency, combustion gas wood tar oil content are lower than 3mg/m simultaneously
3Gasifying biomass equipment and gasifying process.
Technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of gasifying biomass equipment comprises gas blower, producer gas generator, gas-cleaning installation, pressurized vessel and user side gas line network, it is characterized in that:
The compression conveyor and the gas and water separator before the tinning, i.e. water ring compressor, the air water separator that also comprise gas;
Described gas-cleaning installation comprises cyclonic separator and composite filtering equipment; Described cyclonic separator is a upper coarse and lower fine hollow rotary structure, and its top is offered inlet mouth and air outlet respectively, and said inlet mouth is offered along the tangential direction of said revolution body wall, and said air outlet is located near center or its of said solid of revolution napex; Said composite filtering equipment is the integral type composite structure that comprises water-bath spray thrower, interchanger and dry filter; Its inside is communicated to the inlet plenum of interchanger successively from the top of said water-bath spray thrower through air delivering pipeline; Be communicated to the bottom of said dry filter again from the discharge chamber of interchanger, the inlet plenum of said interchanger and discharge chamber are connected through the heat transfer tube that is dipped in the heat transfer zone cooling circulating water; The inlet mouth of said composite filtering equipment is positioned at the middle part of its water-bath spray thrower and more than the water-bath top water-level, its air outlet is positioned at the top of dry filter; The bottom of said cyclonic separator and composite filtering equipment is respectively equipped with wash water valve;
Said dry filter comprises at least that up and down two-layer structure and every layer comprise the above filtering net in four roads;
Link to each other successively through air delivering pipeline between said producer gas generator, cyclonic separator, composite filtering equipment, water ring compressor, air water separator, the pressurized vessel, pressurized vessel then is connected with the user side gas line network through reducing valve;
The air delivering pipeline of the inlet end of said water ring compressor also is connected with pressure equalizing pipe, and the other end of said pressure equalizing pipe connects the air delivering pipeline of the outlet side of air water separator;
Said air water separator is provided with water discharge valve and liquidometer.
For further improving the effect and the filtering effect of gas-water separation, said air water separator inside is leaned on and is horizontally installed with filtering net, and its inlet mouth is located at below the said filtering net.
As better a kind of design, the filtering net in the said air water separator is a funnel type, and its filtration area is bigger on the one hand, and the water under being convenient to simultaneously filter drips rapidly, to improve filtering efficient.
For obtaining to generate the better rotate effect of gas; So that improve the effect of settling of impurity; The hollow rotary structure of said cyclonic separator comprises two parts that connection up and down is welded as a whole; Top is hollow circular cylinder, and the bottom is a hollow rounding stage body, the outside diameter circle of said rounding stage body and said cylindrical equal diameters.
The free air delivery scope of said water ring compressor is: 90m
3/ h~1800m
3/ h, MWP are 0.6MPa, and the maximum safety pressure power of corresponding pressurized vessel is that 0.8MPa gets final product.
Utilize above-mentioned gasifying biomass equipment to carry out the technology of gasifying biomass; Comprise the compression memory step of the preparation step of biomass fuel, the generation step of combustion gas, the purification filtering step of combustion gas, pure combustion gas and pass through the step of reducing valve, it is characterized in that to the user side delivery of fuel gas:
In the purification filtering step of said combustion gas; Tangential direction along its solid of revolution gets in the cyclonic separator from whirlwind separator top inlet mouth in the combustion gas that generates; And it is downward around its spiral inner wall; Buffering and settling process take place in gas, and partial impurities comprises that dust, wood tar oil, wood vinegar are settled down to the bottom of cyclonic separator; The gas that rises carries out water-bath, spray, heat exchange and filtration drying along gas pipe line successively in the inlet mouth entering composite filtering equipment of water-bath spray chamber under the draft effect of water ring compressor; Cyclonic separator and composite filtering equipment regularly carry out blowdown;
In the compression memory step of said pure combustion gas, the combustion gas after the purification is carried out gas-water separation and dry type filtration through air water separator under the effect of water ring compressor, is compressed to be stored in the pressurized vessel; The free air delivery scope of said water ring compressor is: 90m
3/ h~1800m
3/ h,, MWP is 0.6MPa; Air water separator carries out uninterrupted draining according to the demonstration of its liquidometer.
Compare prior art, technique effect of the present invention comprises the following aspects:
(1) the present invention adopts the power-equipment of water ring compressor as combustion gas transmission and compression, because the water conservancy project of water ring compressor band is done, by recirculated water its internal clearance is sealed; Though the combustion gas after the purification has micro-wood tar oil; But the wood tar oil of said trace can get in the said recirculated water, and is recycled water and takes out of outside the water ring compressor, thereby has prevented that the wood tar oil deposition is bonded in water ring compressor inwall; Significantly reduced maintenance cost, gasifying process is more steadily reliable;
On the other hand, because water ring compressor compresses gas is to adopt water cycle work, thereby has better explosion-proof performance, it is also safer to be used to extract out combustion gas; And, owing to do not have vent valve and friction surface, can extract gas, condensable gases and the air-water mixture of band dust out; Sealing between its tumbler and the mounting block can directly be accomplished by water seal, and stopping property is fabulous;
Simultaneously, the water ring compressor arrangement is simple, compact, and floor space is also little, and the revolution of pump is higher, generally can with the phonomoter direct connection, need not speed reduction, so with little scantlings of the structure, can obtain big free air delivery, the free air delivery scope of water ring compressor is in this programme: 90m
3/ h~1800m
3/ h.
(2) cyclonic separator is simple in structure, and design science take up an area of and lack, but the effect of settling of impurity is better, and the purification that generates combustion gas is more effective;
(3) design of composite filtering equipment more compact structure not only, floor space is little, and it is more convenient to install; Its bath of catchmenting that more outstanding is, spray, strainer filtering are one, do wet the filtration and combine, and multiple times of filtration combines with repeatedly lowering the temperature; The technological process high in efficiency and convenience is filtered also more abundant; Last one dry filter of combustion gas is through the gas-water separation of air water separator and filters once more, obtains more high purity, more cleaning, free of contamination combustion gas at last, and its detar rate reaches more than 99%.
In a word, this cover gasifying biomass equipment and gasifying process integrate generation, purification filtering and the compressing, stalling and transporting of combustion gas; More reasonable structure is compacter, and floor space is little, more simple, the efficient and safety of technology; Obtain higher, the more combustion gas of cleanliness without any pollution of purity; Especially solved the separation problem of wood tar oil, thereby prevented that effectively the burn in the pipeline from stopping up and environmental pollution problems, meets the environmental requirement of energy-saving and emission-reduction; Thereby effectively guaranteed the without interruption of combustion gas, reduced maintenance time, reduced production cost, gasification efficiency reaches 95%, and fuel gases calorific value reaches 1661kcal/m
3
The present invention is converted into low-calorie biomass material and waste the biological fuel gas of the clean environment firendly of high heating value; Technology is simple; Design science, energy-saving and emission-reduction, it is widely used; Especially make the biomass waste in rural area realize gasification, canalization as early as possible, let use the same of common people in rural area clean combustion gas easily with the urban resident.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of gasifying biomass equipment according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.Among the figure,
1, gas blower
2, producer gas generator
3, cyclonic separator
31, wash water valve 32, inlet mouth 33, air outlet
4, composite filtering equipment
41, water-bath spray thrower
42, dry filter
43, interchanger
431, inlet plenum 432, heat transfer zone 433, discharge chamber
44,45, wash water valve
5, water ring compressor
6, pressure equalizing pipe
7, air water separator
71, filtering net 72, liquidometer 73, water discharge valve
Embodiment
The gasifying biomass equipment; Like Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2; Comprise the gas blower 1, producer gas generator 2, cyclonic separator 3, composite filtering equipment 4, water ring compressor 5, air water separator 7 and the pressurized vessel that are linked to each other successively by air delivering pipeline, pressurized vessel is connected with the user side gas line network through reducing valve decompression back again; For guaranteeing the normal operation of water ring compressor, also be furnished with pressure equalizing pipe 6, said pressure equalizing pipe 6 one ends connect the air delivering pipeline of water ring compressor 5 inlet ends, and the other end connects the air delivering pipeline of the outlet side of air water separator 7.
Described cyclonic separator 3 is hollow rotary structures, comprises two parts that are communicated with up and down, and top is hollow circular cylinder; The bottom is a hollow rounding stage body; Upper coarse and lower fine, the outside diameter circle of said rounding stage body and said cylindrical equal diameters, two portions are integrally welded up and down.The top of cyclonic separator 3 is offered inlet mouth 32 and air outlet 33 respectively, and said inlet mouth 32 is offered along the tangential direction of said revolution body wall, said give vent to anger 33 be located at said solid of revolution napex the center, as shown in Figure 2;
Said composite filtering equipment 4 is the integral type composite structures that comprise water-bath spray thrower 41, interchanger 43 and dry filter 42; Its inside is communicated to the inlet plenum 431 of interchanger successively from the top of said water-bath spray thrower 41 through air delivering pipeline; Be communicated to the bottom of said dry filter 42 again from the discharge chamber 433 of interchanger, the inlet plenum 431 and the discharge chamber 433 of said interchanger are connected through the heat transfer tube that is dipped in heat transfer zone 432 cooling circulating waters; The inlet mouth of said composite filtering equipment 4 is positioned at the middle part of its water-bath spray thrower 41 more than the water-bath top water-level; In the water of the air delivering pipeline of air inlet storage in said inlet mouth inserts water-bath spray thrower 41, the air outlet of composite filtering equipment 4 is positioned at the top of dry filter 42; Said dry filter 42 comprises up and down two-layer structure, have between two-layer interlayer separately and have air delivering pipeline to be connected, and every layer comprises three road filtering nets; Said filtering net can be selected 80~350 purpose steel meshes for use.
Said cyclonic separator 3 is respectively equipped with wash water valve 31,44 and 45 with the bottom of composite filtering equipment 4.
Be horizontally installed with filtering net 71 on said air water separator 7 inner the leaning on, said filtering net 71 is funnel type; The inlet mouth of air water separator is located at said filtering net below 71.Said air water separator 7 also is provided with liquidometer 72 and water discharge valve 73.
The technology of using this equipment to gasify is following:
Multiple kinds of crops, waste and organic waste packed into fill and lead up in the producer gas generator 2, compacting, the igniting sealing with gas blower 1 blowing in the producer gas generator 2, causes anoxycausis, inflammable gass such as generation carbon monoxide, methane, ethane, hydrogen again;
Above-mentioned combustion gas is taken out through water ring compressor 5 inward, gas is produced flow, at first get into cyclonic separator 3; The combustion gas that contains a large amount of impurity is after the inlet mouth of aforementioned cyclonic separator enters into cyclonic separator 3; Promptly can under the wall screw, form the whirlwind form, impurity, dust, wood tar oil and the water molecules generation sedimentation of part around here; The impurity that settles down etc. are slipped to the cyclonic separator bottom along wall, can regularly open wash water valve 31 and discharge above-mentioned sediment.
Purified gas rises and under the effect of draft, is undertaken getting in the air delivering pipeline in the spray chamber 41 of composite filtering equipment by the air outlet again; Elder generation in spray chamber is after water-bath and spray processing; Through aforesaid twice cleaning and cooling, remove impurity and separate part wood tar oil, wood vinegar; The combustion gas that process is cleaned is after inner air delivering pipeline gets into interchanger 43 further coolings along it then under the effect of draft; Getting into dry filter 42 along inner air delivering pipeline filters once more. and the filtration chamber is divided into two-layer up and down; There is interlayer separately and have air delivering pipeline to be connected between two-layer; Every layer has four road filtering nets, is mainly used in removal of contamination, separates wood tar oil, wood vinegar.
Gas through after filtering gets into water ring compressor 5, and water ring compressor 5 has two effects, and the one, vacuumize and make gas flow; The 2nd, the pure gas of taking out is compressed; Its free air delivery scope is: 90m
3/ h~1800m
3/ h, working pressure range are 0.15MPa~0.6MPa.
Gas after 5 compressions of water ring compressor is sent into air water separator 7, carries out gas-water separation and filtration, further improves the quality of combustion gas; Air water separator 7 carries out uninterrupted draining according to the demonstration of its liquidometer 72.
Combustion gas after gas-water separation and filtration gets into pressurized vessel under the effect of the pressure of water ring compressor 5, pressurized vessel is the place of stored-gas, and its working pressure range is 0.1MPa~0.8MPa; With 90m
3Pressurized vessel be example, when the WP of water ring compressor 5 was 0.3MPa, the WP of pressurized vessel also was 0.3MPa, then the gas of container storage is 270m
3When the WP of water ring compressor 5 was 0.6MPa, the WP of pressurized vessel was 0.6MPa, and then the gas of container storage is 540m
3
At last; Combustion gas in the pressurized vessel is after reducing valve is decompressed to less than 0.1MPa; Send into gas pipe line, the combustion gas that gets into gas pipe line gets into user's gas pipe line at last, and user's pneumatic tube pressure is decompressed to 3000Pa through reducing valve once more; Directly supply with kitchen range then and use, and can guarantee the needs of continuous air feed.
Cycle of the present invention is short, and efficient is high, cleaning, and environmental protection is prone to realize canalization that production cost is low, per kilogram fuel can produce 2m
3Gas is suitable for city, township, town and the promotion and application of vast rural area.Both clean environment, reduced pollution again, realized the second stage employ of refuse.This project meets the industry policy of country, meets environmental protection requirement, energy-saving and emission-reduction, and effect is splendid.
The above; Be merely the preferable embodiment of the present invention; But protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; Any technician who is familiar with the present technique field is equal to replacement or change according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof in the technical scope that the present invention discloses, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.