Uplift pile loading test method and device thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to static load of pile foundation lotus test field, relate to a kind of method that is applied in the vertical static load test of uplift pile specifically, also relate to the device of this test method special use.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of industry, it is more and more many that buildings or structures bear the situation of pulling out load.Bear the stake of pulling out load or bearing vertically pulling-resistant power in the engineering and be called uplift pile.Uplift pile belongs to the engineering pile foundation category, is widely used in the anchoring pile basis of first mate's basement anti-floating, towering buildings or structures resistance to plucking, tidal quay platform resistance to plucking, suspension bridge and cable-stayed bridge, the pile foundation of Large Ship Dock base plate and the anchoring pile basis in the dead load test pile etc.In engineering construction, the bearing capacity of uplift pile has become a very important technological means of control engineering quality.The accurate test of bearing capacity of single pile all plays a part very important for the design of design of all kinds of building foundations and even superstructure.And single-pile vertical orientation uplift pile static load test is to detect directly perceived, the most reliable method of single-pile vertical orientation uplift pile bearing capacity.In the single-pile static loading test, the load that acts in the stake is generally provided by counterforce device.The easy-to-use degree direct influence of counterforce device the process and the result of test, and commonly used have preloading reaction beam device and an anchoring pile reaction beam device.Anchoring pile reaction beam device can be divided into two kinds according to the difference of counter-force anchor again in concrete application: reaction frame and anchoring pile are linked together provides counter-force, is commonly called as anchoring pile reaction beam device; Several double helix are pierced underground use earth anchor counter-force is provided, be commonly called as anchor pole reaction beam device.Under lifting jack cooperated, this device can more evenly and lentamente be applied to force rate in the stake, can obviously improve the overshoot phenomenon in the electric oil pump loading, thereby made the size ratio of capacity value be easier to control.But anchoring pile reaction beam device, because in a single day earth anchor makes, the distance of earth anchor and counter-force application point just can not change, it is installed and has a centering problem, if the counter-force application point has departed from the center of pile crown, the lighter makes the test figure distortion, and weight person can make test pile be destroyed.And preloading reaction beam device can't satisfy the testing requirements of uplift pile static load.Therefore the method and apparatus device of existing load application is difficult to maybe can not satisfy design, request for utilization.To the method and apparatus device of uplift pile loading test load application, still none reasonable method and testing equipment device.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency a kind of uplift pile loading test method and device thereof is provided, and has solved the technical matters that test figure distortion or test pile are subject to destruction.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of uplift pile loading test method may further comprise the steps:
1.:, will test with roof beam structure being located in the uplift pile according to the test beam that the uplift pile selection adapts to;
2.: lifting jack is placed on test with on the crossbeam;
3.: the upper surface at lifting jack is placed load transfer device;
4.: placement pulling force pulley below lifting jack, steel cable is passed load transfer device and pulling force pulley, and wire rope symmetry on load transfer device is passed, and the two ends of wire rope are fixed together, on the axle of pulling force pulley anchor rib is set, the reinforcing bar of anchor rib and uplift pile is fixed;
5.: the operation lifting jack, the reinforcing bar of uplift pile begins evenly to be subjected to uplift force, and then under the effect of lifting jack upward force, makes the resistance to plucking muscle reach the maximum load that can bear.
Above-mentioned uplift pile loading test method, step 1. in test with the central point of beam, step 3. in the central point of the central point of upper surface central point, load transfer device of lifting jack and uplift pile on same axis.
The 3. described load transfer device of above-mentioned uplift pile loading test method, step is an annular disk, in the middle of the annular disk support is set, and the upper surface of lifting jack contacts with support, and 4. step is that steel cable is passed annular disk and pulling force pulley.
The 3. described load transfer device of above-mentioned uplift pile loading test method, step is the general-purpose force transmiting disk, and the general-purpose force transmiting disk is provided with through hole, and the upper surface of lifting jack contacts with the lower surface of general-purpose force transmiting disk; 4. step is steel cable to be passed the through hole and the pulling force pulley of general-purpose force transmiting disk.
Above-mentioned uplift pile loading test method is also placed semicircle pulling force wheel between wire rope and general-purpose force transmiting disk in step in 4., and the pulling force wheel is provided with groove, and wire rope is placed in the groove.
Above-mentioned uplift pile loading test method, step also are provided with ground tackle in 4. on anchor rib.
The device that above-mentioned uplift pile loading test method is used, comprise lifting jack, counterforce device and test use crossbeam, lifting jack to be placed on test with on the crossbeam, and the upper surface of lifting jack contacts with the lower surface of counterforce device, establish the pulling force pulley below the lifting jack, described counterforce device is made of load transfer device and wire rope, steel wire penetrating counterforce device and pulling force pulley, and wire rope symmetry on load transfer device is passed, the two ends of wire rope are fixed together, on the axle of pulling force pulley, anchor rib are set.
The device that above-mentioned uplift pile loading test method is used, described load transfer device is an annular disk, in the middle of the annular disk support is set, the upper surface of lifting jack contacts with support, steel wire penetrating annular disk and pulling force pulley.
The device that above-mentioned uplift pile loading test method is used, described load transfer device are the general-purpose force transmiting disks, and the general-purpose force transmiting disk is provided with through hole, the through hole of steel wire penetrating general-purpose force transmiting disk and pulling force pulley.
The device that above-mentioned uplift pile loading test method is used is placed semicircle pulling force wheel between the through hole of wire rope and general-purpose force transmiting disk, the pulling force wheel is provided with groove, and wire rope is placed in the groove, and ground tackle is set on anchor rib.
But the present invention's uplift pile loading test method is simple, this method can make the reinforcing bar of uplift pile evenly be subjected to pulling out load, accurately to be recorded each mechanics parameter of uplift pile, this test method is that the reinforcing bar with anchor rib and uplift pile is fixed together, what lifting jack was firm is placed on test with on the crossbeam, the upper surface of lifting jack withstands the lower surface of general-purpose force transmiting disk, power on the lifting jack passes on the wire rope by the general-purpose force transmiting disk like this, again by wire rope transfers to the single pile reinforcing bar, initialization phase, wire rope is tightened up gradually along with the stressed gradually of each center of effort, owing to be through hole and the pulling force reel that steel cable passes the general-purpose force transmiting disk, therefore wire rope continuous length of adjusting between through hole and pulling force wheel begins evenly to be subjected to uplift force until the reinforcing bar of each uplift pile in the process of tension, and then under the effect of the upward force of lifting jack, the maximum load that uplift pile is reached can bear, between general-purpose force transmiting disk and wire rope, add semicircle pulling force wheel, when lifting jack upwards pushes up like this, the stress of through hole wire rope is disperseed relatively, prolong the serviceable life of wire rope.According to different uplift piles, the method for the passing difference of wire rope of the present invention can be walked around adjacent two through hole and also can pass between non-conterminous two through hole.The present invention just can make the reinforcing bar of uplift pile evenly be subjected to pulling out load by simple method, accurately to be recorded each mechanics parameter of uplift pile.And test method of the present invention is simple, and test unit is simple in structure, and is easy to use, can satisfy the requirement of uplift pile vertical dead-load test.Uplift pile loading test method and device thereof are applicable to the anchoring pile basis of first mate's basement anti-floating, towering buildings or structures resistance to plucking, tidal quay platform resistance to plucking, suspension bridge and cable-stayed bridge, the pile foundation of Large Ship Dock base plate and the anchoring pile basis in the dead load test pile etc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the connection diagram of Fig. 1 load transfer device and wire rope;
Fig. 3 is the another kind of structural representation of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the connection diagram of Fig. 3 load transfer device and semicircle pulling force wheel and wire rope.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: a kind of uplift pile loading test method may further comprise the steps:
1.:, will test with roof beam structure being located in the uplift pile according to the test beam that the uplift pile selection adapts to;
2.: lifting jack is placed on test with on the crossbeam;
3.: the upper surface at lifting jack is placed annular disk, in the middle of the annular disk support is set, and the upper surface of lifting jack contacts with support;
4.: steel cable is passed on annular disk and the pulling force pulley, and wire rope symmetry on annular disk is passed, and the two ends of wire rope are fixed, and on the axle of pulling force pulley anchor rib is set, the reinforcing bar welding of anchor rib and uplift pile;
5.: the operation lifting jack, the reinforcing bar of uplift pile begins evenly to be subjected to uplift force, and then under the effect of the upward force of lifting jack, makes the resistance to plucking muscle reach the maximum load that can bear.
Embodiment 2: a kind of uplift pile loading test method, step 1., step 2. with step 5. with embodiment 1, the 3. described load transfer device of step is the general-purpose force transmiting disk, the general-purpose force transmiting disk is provided with through hole; 4. step is that wire rope symmetry on the general-purpose force transmiting disk is passed, and then the two ends of wire rope is fixed with the through hole and the pulling force pulley of steel cable precedence at the general-purpose force transmiting disk.
Embodiment 3: a kind of uplift pile loading test method, step 1., step 2., step 3. with step 5. with embodiment 2, step is 4. identical with embodiment 2,4. also place semicircle pulling force wheel between wire rope and general-purpose force transmiting disk in step in, the pulling force wheel is provided with groove, and wire rope is placed in the groove.
Above-mentioned uplift pile loading test method, preferable methods are that ground tackle is set on anchor rib, just need not weld can be directly the reinforcing bar of dowel and uplift pile to be fixed together, and can take off ground tackle easily after the off-test.
Above-mentioned uplift pile loading test method, best real mode be step 1. in test with the central point of beam, step 3. in the central point of the central point of upper surface central point, load transfer device of lifting jack and uplift pile on same axis, guarantee that like this reinforcing bar is subjected to uniform uplift force in the uplift pile, test figure is more accurate.
The device that uplift pile loading test method as depicted in figs. 1 and 2 is used, comprise lifting jack 4, counterforce device and test crossbeam 5, lifting jack is placed on test with on the crossbeam 5, the upper surface of lifting jack 4 contacts with the lower surface of counterforce device, below lifting jack, be provided with pulling force pulley 6, described counterforce device is made of load transfer device and wire rope 3, steel cable passes on counterforce device and the pulling force pulley 6, wire rope symmetry on counterforce device is passed, the two ends of wire rope are fixed, and on the axle of pulling force pulley 6 anchor rib 7 are set, and described load transfer device is an annular disk 10, support 11 is set in the middle of the annular disk, the upper surface of lifting jack contacts with support 11, and steel wire penetrating annular disk 10 and pulling force pulley 6 are provided with ground tackle 9 on anchor rib 7.
A kind of single-pile vertical orientation resistance to plucking static load test device as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, lifting jack is placed on test with on the crossbeam 5, the upper surface of lifting jack 4 contacts with the lower surface of general-purpose force transmiting disk 2, the pulling force pulley is set below the lifting jack, described counterforce device is made of general-purpose force transmiting disk 2 and wire rope 3, the general-purpose force transmiting disk is provided with through hole 8, steel cable passes the through hole 8 and pulling force pulley 6 of general-purpose force transmiting disk, wire rope symmetry on the general-purpose force transmiting disk is passed, on the axle of pulling force pulley 6, anchor rib 7 is set, between the through hole of wire rope and general-purpose force transmiting disk, place semicircle pulling force wheel 1, pulling force wheel 1 is provided with groove, and wire rope is placed in the groove, and ground tackle 9 is set on anchor rib, on adjacent two through hole of steel wire penetrating and the pulling force reel, wire rope symmetry on the general-purpose force transmiting disk is passed.
The central point of the central point of the test usefulness beam of apparatus of the present invention, the upper surface central point of lifting jack, load transfer device and the central point of uplift pile can make the data of measuring more accurate on same axis.
Apparatus of the present invention can also be according to different uplift piles, and the method for the passing difference of wire rope can be passed adjacent two through hole and also can be passed between non-conterminous two through hole, as long as symmetry can both realize the purpose of testing on the general-purpose force transmiting disk.
Principle of work of the present invention is as follows: according to the situation of uplift pile, on the general-purpose force transmiting disk, pass with the steel cable symmetry with the pulling force pulley room, the reinforcing bar of uplift pile is welded on the anchor rib, what lifting jack was firm is placed on test with on the crossbeam, the upper surface of lifting jack withstands the center of the lower surface of general-purpose force transmiting disk, power on the lifting jack passes on the wire rope by the general-purpose force transmiting disk like this, again by wire rope transfers to the single pile reinforcing bar, initialization phase, wire rope is tightened up gradually along with the stressed gradually of each center of effort, because wire rope can be movable on through hole and pulling force reel, therefore wire rope continuous length of adjusting in through hole begins evenly to be subjected to uplift force until the reinforcing bar of each uplift pile in the process of tension, the pulling capacity direction of reinforcing bar is consistent on the direction of counter-force acting force and the pile crown like this, and then under the effect of the upward force of lifting jack, the maximum load that uplift pile is reached can bear, the present invention just can make the reinforcing bar of uplift pile evenly be subjected to pulling out load by simple method, accurately to be recorded each mechanics parameter of uplift pile.