CN105297793A - Device for vertical pulling-resistance static loading test of single pile - Google Patents
Device for vertical pulling-resistance static loading test of single pile Download PDFInfo
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- CN105297793A CN105297793A CN201510808284.1A CN201510808284A CN105297793A CN 105297793 A CN105297793 A CN 105297793A CN 201510808284 A CN201510808284 A CN 201510808284A CN 105297793 A CN105297793 A CN 105297793A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for a vertical pulling-resistance static loading test of a single pile and belongs to equipment for a ground foundation engineering test. The device is characterized in that a counterforce device comprises a batten-shaped rectangular hollow force transmission frame, a disc-shaped anchor basket used for connecting vertical stress steel bars, and a round connecting pillar axially connected to the lower surface of the force transmission frame and the center of the anchor basket; at least three circles of dozens of through holes with radial sections in a long bar shape are symmetrically and evenly distributed in the anchor basket with a disc as the center; a plurality of annular strengthening ribs are arranged between every two adjacent circles of through holes in the anchor basket; at least three pairs of radial bar-shaped strengthening ribs are further designed on the anchor basket; and a plurality of bolts penetrating through holes are configured on the anchor basket, wherein the lower ends of the bolts are welded to the upper ends of the vertical stress steel bars, and the upper ends of the bolts are matched with nuts for fixation. After the test run, the counterforce device is simple in structure and easy to mount and demount, and the device can meet the requirement for detection tests of foundation piles with different pile types and different pile diameters without additionally customizing special accessories; and test errors are greatly reduced, and the requirement for accuracy and authenticity of the detection test is met.
Description
Technical field: the equipment, particularly a kind of unit for single-pile vertical anti-pulling static-load testing device that the invention belongs to the test of a kind of ground foundation engineering.
Background technology: for ensureing the quality of pile foundation engineering, in pile foundation construction process, detection being carried out to the supporting capacity of single pile and is absolutely necessary.At present, static loading test be detect bearing capacity of single pile the most intuitively, the most reliable method.Stake stress form in pile foundation is divided into three kinds: 1., bear vertical compression power; 2. vertically pulling-resistant power, is born; 3., horizontal force is born.Stake in pile foundation may bear one or several power, is called for short uplift pile based on the stake of bearing vertically pulling-resistant power.Uplift pile is now widely used in towering structure and some hydraulic engineerings such as rock anchorage base, TV transmission tower of underground civil defense engineering by buoyancy, cable stayed bridge.
The accuracy of anti-pulling capacity testing result and data and authenticity, the guarantee for workmanship has vital meaning.The factor affecting the uplift resistance testing result of uplift pile is a lot, mainly contains the configuration of counterforce device, the installation of plant and instrument and operation.The science of counterforce device design and the accuracy of installation play conclusive effect to reduction testing error.The convenience that counterforce device is installed, also directly affects efficiency and the cost of detection.
Prior art 1 discloses " a kind of unit for single-pile vertical anti-pulling static-load testing device for Chinese patent ZL201120461629.8, comprise test pile, it is characterized in that, the composition of device and operating process, there is smooth location, build counter-force support, ornaments girder steel, installing counter-force support, place top counterforce device, install very heavy item, top counterforce device is connected with bottom counterforce device, the soldering apparatus of bottom counterforce device, weld with the reinforcing bar of test pile, start jack, top counterforce device drives bottom counterforce device, carry out test operation, measure the vertically pulling-resistant data of stake, described operating process, smooth location, builds counter-force support, according to the size of trial load, and selection material, smooth location, sets up counter-force support, to the process that place foundation soil carries out, ensures the intensity of foundation soil, the length of counter-force support and width, site condition, requirement of strength must meet the counter-force direction of load, and on the same axis, and two supports are equal with the distance of stake for the center of counter-force support and pile center, described ornaments girder steel, according to the size of trial load, select girder steel, the Breadth Maximum of girder steel, is not more than the minimum widith of counterforce device, described installing counter-force support, placement top counterforce device, counter-force support and jack are placed on the centre of girder steel, and the central point of counter-force support, the central point of jack and stake are on the same axis, jack, should not exceed the support of counterforce device in carrying at the height laid, described installing jack, the placement of top counterforce device, in the top of jack, each point coincides, institute is fascinated by portion's counterforce device with bottom counterforce device in be connected, if crab-bolt, top counterforce device is connected with bottom counterforce device, is connected by dowel bar, and crab-bolt passes prefabricated hole, the distance of counterforce device and dowel bar, and the width in beam both sides is 2cm ~ 5cm, bottom counterforce device upper surface is 20cm ~ 25cm to the soffit clear distance of beam, the soldering apparatus of described bottom counterforce device, carries out with test pile reinforcing bar welding, according to stake footpath size, selecting the diameter of soldering apparatus, according to load, select the thickness of the iron plate of soldering apparatus.When pile body reinforcing bar is connected with soldering apparatus, pile body bar bending angle is 1 ~ 10 degree; The height that test pile bassets, control at 20 ~ 25cm, the height of test pile free segment reinforcing bar, control at 20cm: described startup jack, top counterforce device drives bottom counterforce device, measure the vertically pulling-resistant data of stake, operation jack, jack item plays top counterforce device, and top counterforce device drives bottom counterforce device by dowel bar, and bottom counterforce device drives soldering apparatus, soldering apparatus and pile body bar connecting, reach the vertically pulling-resistant effect of stake, measure the vertically pulling-resistant data of stake, judge unit for single-pile vertical anti-pulling ability performance according to result of the test.”
There is following defect and deficiency in actual use in this unit for single-pile vertical anti-pulling static-load testing device of prior art 1:
1, counterforce device complex structure, not easily installing/dismounting, cannot be applicable to the detection experiment needs of foundation pile in different type pile, piles with different footpath." top counterforce device is connected with bottom counterforce device, the soldering apparatus of bottom counterforce device; weld with the reinforcing bar of test pile ", the soldering apparatus preparing dimension according to the diameter of stake is specially needed during obvious test, and in actual tests process, the diameter of soldering apparatus often exists with the diameter of tested pile crown and does not mate, need the soldering apparatus of the steel bar stress position customization different-diameter according to tested stake, after soldering apparatus periphery and the stressed vertical applied force reinforcement welding of tested pile crown, outer shape changes, and secondary uses difficulty; Due to top counterforce device and the equal complex structure of bottom counterforce device, connect with the soldering apparatus of dimension again, just can test after being welded one by one with the vertical applied force reinforcing bar of tested pile crown by the soldering apparatus enforcement of dimension again, after off-test, then need the stressed vertical applied force reinforcing bar of soldering apparatus and tested pile crown to throw off one by one and could dismantle.
2, produce larger testing error, the accuracy of test and the requirement of authenticity can not be met.Due to " when pile body reinforcing bar is connected with soldering apparatus; pile body bar bending angle is 1 ~ 10 degree ", can not be completely vertically stressed by the vertical applied force reinforcing bar of inspection stake when this just must cause testing, every root reinforcing bar Output power homogenization cannot be ensured, produce larger testing error thus, the accuracy of test and the requirement of authenticity can not be met, if can not completely vertical force-bearing situation serious, to crack in pile crown be caused, cause test failure.
As can be seen here, to study and to design a kind of counterforce device structure simple, easy installation and removal, the detection experiment of foundation pile in different type pile, piles with different footpath just can be applicable to without the need to the special accessory of unnecessary customization, there is angle of bend with when being connected between counterforce device in the vertical applied force reinforcing bar avoided by inspection stake, ensure that the accuracy of anti-pulling capacity result of the test and the intact unit for single-pile vertical anti-pulling static-load testing device of tested pile crown are necessary.
Summary of the invention: the object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, to study and to design a kind of counterforce device structure simple, easy installation and removal, the detection experiment of foundation pile in different type pile, piles with different footpath just can be applicable to without the need to the special accessory of unnecessary customization, there is angle of bend with when being connected between counterforce device in the vertical applied force reinforcing bar avoided by inspection stake, ensure that the accuracy of anti-pulling capacity result of the test and the intact unit for single-pile vertical anti-pulling static-load testing device of tested pile crown.
The technical scheme realizing the object of the invention is: a kind of unit for single-pile vertical anti-pulling static-load testing device, comprise top and expose the tested single pile having several vertical applied force reinforcing bar, the left side on the natural ground ground that balanced configuration is tamped in tested single pile both sides, right vertically reference pegs, symmetry is set up in a left side, a left side on right reference pegs, right horizontal reference beam, balanced configuration is in tested single pile both sides and a left side, a left side between right datum line beam, right displacement meter, the ground left side of natural ground that balanced configuration is tamped in tested single pile both sides, right buttress, be set up in a left side, the girder steel at right buttress top, be configured at the test hydraulic jack above girder steel mid point, it is characterized in that counterforce device comprises and be socketed on girder steel mid point position and inside top is matched with the bar tabular rectangular hollow power transmission frame at hydraulic jack top, for connecting the discoid anchor basket of vertical applied force reinforcing bar, axially be linked in the circular joint pin with Mao Lan center below power transmission frame, described anchor basket is evenly distributed with the elongated dozens of through hole of at least 3 ring cross-sections so that disc centre is radial symmetrically, anchor basket is provided with several ring stiffeners between adjacent 2 ring through hole, anchor basket is also designed with at least 3 to disc centre radial bar shaped reinforcing rib symmetrically, described anchor basket is configured with lower end and is welded in vertical applied force reinforcing bar upper end, through through hole and upper end is combined with nut with fixing several bolts.
The batten width of described bar tabular rectangular hollow power transmission frame is greater than hydraulic jack top diameter.The inside casing height of described bar tabular rectangular hollow power transmission frame is greater than hydraulic jack heights of roofs and girder steel depth of section sum.
The girder steel of described ornaments, should select according to the size of trial load, and the minimum widith of girder steel is not less than hydraulic jack diameter, and the Breadth Maximum of girder steel is not more than the clear span of rectangular hollow power transmission frame.
The test operation process of foundation pile vertically pulling-resistant static-load testing device of the present invention is as follows:
Described girder steel is through the rectangular hollow power transmission frame of experimental rig of the present invention, and handling girder steel and counterforce device, to a socle, make girder steel to set up by symmetrical centered by inspection stake.
Described hydraulic jack is placed on the center of girder steel, lifts experimental rig of the present invention, is steadily placed in the top of hydraulic jack, makes the central point of the central point of rectangular hollow power transmission frame, hydraulic jack and is subject to examine the center of stake on the same axis.
The anchor basket part of described experimental rig of the present invention is connected by examining the stressed vertical applied force reinforcing bar of stake with bottom by bolt, bolt top is through the through hole of anchor basket part, each bolting pad Upper gasket, screw on nut, each nut is tightened quantitatively with torque wrench, make the every root steel bar stress by inspection stake stressed almost just the same, really reach uniform force.
Described hydraulic jack starts to load, and hydraulic jack promotes experimental rig of the present invention and drives bolt upwards, reaches the effect to applying vertically pulling-resistant load by inspection stake.According to measuring the result judging unit for single-pile vertical anti-pulling bearing capacity by the resistance to plucking displacement and anti-pulling capacity of examining stake.
The foundation pile vertically pulling-resistant static-load testing device that the invention process obtains, through on probation, compared with prior art shows following beneficial effect:
1, counterforce device structure is simple, easy installing/dismounting, and just can be applicable to the detection experiment needs of foundation pile in different type pile, piles with different footpath without the need to the special accessory of unnecessary customization.Compared with unit for single-pile vertical anti-pulling static-load testing device a kind of disclosed in prior art 1, counterforce device only comprises hollow power transmission frame, discoid anchor basket, axially be linked in the circular joint pin with Mao Lan center below power transmission frame, structure is obviously simple, the dozens of through hole that more crucially at least 3 radial cross sections of circle of discoid anchor basket are elongated, completely different type pile can be adapted to, after the passing when detection experiment by inspection stake vertical applied force reinforcing bar of the foundation pile in piles with different footpath, that is undertaken that detection experiment requires by bolt and bottom by the every root vertical applied force reinforcing bar examining stake is vertically connected, the soldering apparatus accessory achieved without the need to unnecessary customization is special just can be applicable to different type pile, the detection experiment of the foundation pile in piles with different footpath needs.
2, drastically reduce the area testing error, ensure that accuracy and the authenticity requirement of detection experiment, also ensure that tested pile crown is intact.Just because at least 3 of discoid anchor basket encloses the elongated dozens of through hole in radial cross sections, completely different type pile can be adapted to, after the passing when detection experiment by inspection stake every root vertical applied force reinforcing bar of the foundation pile in piles with different footpath, that is undertaken that detection experiment requires by bolt and bottom by the every root vertical applied force reinforcing bar examining stake is vertically connected, to there will not be in prior art 1 " when pile body reinforcing bar is connected with soldering apparatus, pile body bar bending angle is 1 ~ 10 degree " situation, the soldering apparatus of the diameter customization different-diameter according to tested pile crown is not needed yet, and whole tested pile crown vertical applied force reinforcing bar can be detected, in addition, the anchor basket part of experimental rig of the present invention is connected by examining stake vertical applied force reinforcing bar with bottom by bolt, bolt top is through the respective through hole of anchor basket, each bolting pad Upper gasket, screw on nut, each nut is quantitatively tightened with torque wrench, make the every root vertical applied force reinforcing steel bar bear by inspection stake almost just the same, really reach uniform force consistent.This just drastically reduce the area testing error, and meet the accuracy of test and the requirement of authenticity, more impossible appearance causes crack in pile crown, causes the serious conditions of test failure.
Accompanying drawing illustrates: Fig. 1 is the structural representation meeting present subject matter; Fig. 2 is the structural representation of counterforce device of the present invention; Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the discoid anchor basket of counterforce device of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention: the technological means realized to make the present invention, creating feature, reach object and effect and understand and understand, below in conjunction with concrete diagram, the present invention is further described:
As Fig. 1, 2, shown in 3, a kind of unit for single-pile vertical anti-pulling static-load testing device, comprise top and expose the tested single pile 4 having several vertical applied force reinforcing bar 41, a left side for the recessed lower in natural ground ground that balanced configuration is tamped in tested single pile 4 both sides, right vertically reference pegs 5, symmetry is set up in a left side, a left side on right reference pegs 5, right horizontal reference beam 6, balanced configuration is in tested single pile 4 both sides and a left side, a left side between right datum line beam 6, right displacement meter 7, the ground left side of natural ground that balanced configuration is tamped in tested single pile 4 both sides, right buttress 8, be set up in a left side, the girder steel 9 at right buttress 8 top, be configured at the test hydraulic jack 10 above girder steel 9 mid point, it is characterized in that counterforce device comprises and be socketed on girder steel 7 mid point position and inside top is matched with the bar tabular rectangular hollow power transmission frame 1 at hydraulic jack 8 top, for connecting the discoid anchor basket 3 of vertical applied force reinforcing bar 41, axially be linked in the circular joint pin 2 with anchor basket 3 center below power transmission frame 1,
As shown in Figure 3, described anchor basket 3 is evenly distributed with the elongated dozens of through hole 31 of at least 3 ring cross-sections so that disc centre is radial symmetrically, the elongated design in dozens of through hole 31 cross section has adapted to the distribution needs of vertical applied force reinforcing bar 41 of foundation pile in different type pile, piles with different footpath, reach and make the vertical applied force reinforcing bar 41 of every 1 foundation stake all can pass suitable through hole 31, to be all subject to vertical counter-force in detection experiment process, and to there will not be the situation of " pile body bar bending angle is 1 ~ 10 degree ".
As shown in Figure 3, anchor basket 3 is provided with several ring stiffeners 32 between adjacent 2 ring through hole 31, anchor basket 3 is also designed with at least 3 to radial bar shaped reinforcing rib 33, this design of radial bar shaped reinforcing rib reaches the structural strength increasing anchor basket, to ensure carrying out smoothly of detection experiment.
As shown in Figure 3, described anchor basket 3 is configured with lower end and is welded in vertical applied force reinforcing bar 41 upper end, through through hole 31 and upper end is combined with nut with fixing several bolts 34, this design can make each bolting pad Upper gasket, screw on nut, each nut is twisted in advance with torque wrench, make the every root vertical applied force reinforcing steel bar bear by inspection stake even, ensure that accuracy and the authenticity of test.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the batten width of described bar tabular rectangular hollow power transmission frame 1 is greater than hydraulic jack 8 top diameter.This design can ensure that hydraulic jack 8 top is positioned at inside the batten of hollow power transmission frame 1, to carry out detection experiment smoothly on the one hand; Also ensure that on the other hand is between the side plate of hydraulic jack 8 rectangular hollow power transmission frame both sides, can not from landing above girder steel 9.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the inside casing both sides side sheet room of described bar tabular rectangular hollow power transmission frame 1 is apart from the breadth of section being greater than girder steel 9.The inside casing height of described bar tabular rectangular hollow power transmission frame 1 is greater than hydraulic jack 8 height and girder steel 9 depth of section sum.In concrete enforcement, the inside casing both sides side sheet room of hollow power transmission frame 1 is apart from the breadth of section that only need be a bit larger tham girder steel 9, the inside casing height of hollow power transmission frame 1 is greater than hydraulic jack 8 height and girder steel 9 depth of section sum, for stroke when applying counter-force to hydraulic jack 8 during detection experiment leaves enough distances, be generally 200-400 millimeter.The technique effects of above-mentioned two designs guarantee on the one hand the inside casing of girder steel 9 through bar tabular rectangular hollow power transmission frame 1, and stroke when hydraulic jack 8 applies counter-force when giving detection experiment on the other hand leaves enough distances.
In order to test card result of use of the present invention, provide two concrete detection experiment examples below:
The six-floor buildings that certain librares in university town of example 1 41.2m is high, design adopts Φ 1200mm long screw auger drilling deposited pile, concrete strength of pile C30, the long 22.1m of stake, according to geotechnical investigation data estimation single pile Ultimate Up-lift Bearing Capacity value 3300kN, providing design considerations for design construction with for designing, before engineering construction, carrying out test pile, foundation pile is friction end bearing pile, and bearing course at pile end is middle weathering tuff.Formation is respectively from top to bottom: plain fill, silty clay, rubble folder silty clay, completely decomposed tuff, severely-weathered tuff, middle weathering tuff composition.According to this engineering actual place ground situation, select the concrete 26 pieces erection buttress of long 2m, wide 1m, high 0.5m, select the girder steel of long 9m, high 0.9m, wide 0.5m, girder steel can bear the load of 7200kN, selects maximum output to be the hydraulic jack of 630kN.It is respectively 1m that girder steel both sides are erected on left and right width on buttress; The central point of the rectangular hollow power transmission frame of pulling resistance testing device of the present invention, the central point of hydraulic jack with by the center examining stake on the same axis.Counterforce device in the present invention is connected by examining stake muscle of being advocated by bolt and bottom, bolt top is through the through hole of anchor basket part, each bolting pad Upper gasket, screw on nut, twist each nut in advance with torque wrench, make the every root steel bar stress uniform force by inspection stake.Other testing arrangement is installed, starts test: single pile resistance to plucking test result, as shown in table 1:
Table 1
In process of the test, add hold lotus stablize, displacement meter stable reading, judges according to this result of the test, and vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile value is 3300kN.
Certain housing for survivor community project of example 2, design adopts Φ 350mm precast concrete static pressed pile, concrete strength of pile C80, the long 18m of stake, whether design uplift bearing capacity limiting value 920kN, after Construction of Engineering Pile completes, adopt static loading test to detect unit for single-pile vertical anti-pulling bearing capacity limiting value and meet design requirement, foundation pile is friction-type end bearing pile, and bearing course at pile end is severely-weathered andesite.Formation is respectively from top to bottom: plain fill, silty clay, gravelly soil, severely-weathered andesite, middle weathered andesite.This designs muscle 6 Φ 16 that advocated.According to this engineering actual place ground situation, select the concrete 26 pieces erection buttress of long 2m, wide 1m, high 0.5m, select the girder steel of long 9m, high 0.8m, wide 0.35m, girder steel can bear the load of 3000kN, selects maximum load to be the hydraulic jack of 2000kN.It is respectively 1m that girder steel both sides are erected on left and right width on buttress; The central point of the rectangular hollow power transmission frame in the present invention, the central point of hydraulic jack with by the center examining stake on the same axis.
Counterforce device in the present invention is connected by examining stake muscle of being advocated by bolt and bottom, bolt top is through the through hole of anchor basket part, each bolting pad Upper gasket, screw on nut, twist each nut in advance with torque wrench, make the every root steel bar stress uniform force by inspection stake.Other testing arrangement is installed, starts test: single pile resistance to plucking test result, as shown in table 2:
Table 2
In process of the test, add hold lotus stablize, displacement meter stable reading, judges according to result of the test: vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile value is 460kN as 920kN, unit for single-pile vertical anti-pulling characteristic load bearing capacity.
Claims (4)
1. a unit for single-pile vertical anti-pulling static-load testing device, comprise top and expose the tested single pile (4) having several vertical applied force reinforcing bar (41), a left side for the recessed lower in natural ground ground that balanced configuration is tamped in tested single pile (4) both sides, right vertically reference pegs (5), symmetry is set up in a left side, a left side on right reference pegs (5), right horizontal reference beam (6), balanced configuration is in tested single pile (4) both sides and a left side, a left side between right datum line beam (6), right displacement meter (7), balanced configuration is in the ground left side of natural ground of the compacting of tested single pile (4) both sides, right buttress (8), be set up in a left side, the girder steel (9) at right buttress (8) top, be configured at the test hydraulic jack (10) above girder steel (9) mid point, it is characterized in that counterforce device comprises and be socketed on girder steel (7) mid point position and inside top is matched with bar tabular rectangular hollow power transmission frame (1) at hydraulic jack (8) top, for connecting the discoid anchor basket (3) of vertical applied force reinforcing bar (41), axially be linked in the circular joint pin (2) with anchor basket (3) center below power transmission frame (1), described anchor basket (3) is evenly distributed with the elongated dozens of through hole (31) of at least 3 ring cross-sections so that disc centre is radial symmetrically, several ring stiffeners (32) are provided with between upper adjacent 2 ring through hole (31) of anchor basket (3), anchor basket (3) is also designed with at least 3 to disc centre radial bar shaped reinforcing rib (33) symmetrically, described anchor basket (3) is configured with lower end and is welded in vertical applied force reinforcing bar (41) upper end, through through hole (31) and upper end is combined with nut with fixing several bolts (34).
2. unit for single-pile vertical anti-pulling static-load testing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that the batten width of described bar tabular rectangular hollow power transmission frame (1) is greater than hydraulic jack (8) top diameter.
3. unit for single-pile vertical anti-pulling static-load testing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that the inside casing both sides side sheet room of described bar tabular rectangular hollow power transmission frame (1) is apart from the breadth of section being greater than girder steel (9).
4. unit for single-pile vertical anti-pulling static-load testing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that the inside casing height of described bar tabular rectangular hollow power transmission frame (1) is greater than hydraulic jack (8) height and girder steel (9) depth of section sum.
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