CN101424469B

CN101424469B - Refrigerant filling apparatus of refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus and refrigerant filling method of refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN101424469B
Application number: CN2008101441059A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 堺达纪; 四十宫正人; 柴广有
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Current assignee: Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date: 2007-11-01
Filing date: 2008-07-29
Publication date: 2011-07-27
Anticipated expiration: 2028-07-29
Also published as: JP4474455B2; JP2009109156A; CN101424469A

Abstract

The present invention is directed to a refrigerant filling apparatus of the refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus that can automatically finish filling of a refrigerant after filling to an appropriate amount, without a need to install an extra valve except for a valve provided at a refrigerant cylinder, in between the refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus and the refrigerant cylinder, which is necessary for filling the refrigerant. The refrigerant filling apparatus of the refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus, which includes: a refrigerant circuit having a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, an indoor side heat exchanger 3, a pressure reducing solenoid valve 4, an outdoor side heat exchanger 3, and an accumulator 6; a refrigerant cylinder 10 connected to the refrigerant circuit; a control unit that controls filling of the refrigerant from the refrigerant cylinder 10 to the refrigerant circuit and decides refrigerant filling modes; and a display unit installed to the control unit and displays the refrigerant filling modes.

Description

Cold-producing medium filling device and coolant filling method towards refrigerating air-conditioning

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of towards refrigerating air-conditioning the cold-producing medium filling device and towards the coolant filling method of refrigerating air-conditioning.

Background technology

The refrigerating air-conditioning that constitutes freeze cycle generally is made of the pipe arrangement between indoor set, off-premises station, connection indoor set and the off-premises station.Indoor set has indoor side heat exchanger etc.In addition, off-premises station has outdoor heat exchanger, compressor, vacuum solenoid valve etc., is connected by pipe arrangement in off-premises station inside respectively.Be connected by pipe arrangement in the erecting bed with off-premises station by these indoor sets that constitute, and as refrigerating air-conditioning performance function.

The installation environment of refrigerating air-conditioning is varied.The connecting pipings that connects the length corresponding with this installation environment.Therefore, the solvent in the freeze cycle is according to connecting pipings length and difference.In addition, indoor side heat exchanger 3 also has different volumes according to set indoor set B, so at each installation environment refrigerant loop volume difference.

In order to make refrigerating air-conditioning performance function, the cold-producing medium that need in refrigerant loop, circulate.According to the difference of the refrigerant loop volume that causes owing to above-mentioned installation environment, required refrigerant amount difference is so be difficult to fill all required refrigerant amounts according to volume in advance in refrigerant loop.

In the past, in order automatically to fill the suitable refrigerant amount that appends with respect to the state that is provided with of refrigerating air-conditioning, and guarantee the reliability of freeze cycle, a kind of cold-producing medium filling device and coolant filling method have been proposed, at having compressor, outdoor heat converter, decompressor, the outdoor unit of accumulator, with have indoor side heat exchanger, the indoor unit of decompressor carries out the freeze cycle that pipe arrangement is formed by connecting, the cold-producing medium of ormal weight is filled in indoor unit, or append the filling cold-producing medium, wherein, this cold-producing medium filling device disposes the main flow portion that possesses the supercooling heat exchanger of secondary flow portion between the accumulator of outdoor unit and indoor unit, one side of secondary flow portion fills magnetic valve via cold-producing medium and is connected to the cold-producing medium cylinder, the opposing party is connected to the suction side of compressor, controls the switching (for example with reference to patent documentation 1) that cold-producing medium is filled magnetic valve with the cold-producing medium supercooling degree of main flow portion outlet side relatedly.

In addition, can be suitably when installing and automatically adjust the coolant filling method at freeze cycle of the refrigerant amount of the filling of appending for the scene that is provided at freeze cycle, a kind of coolant filling method and device thereof at freeze cycle proposed, when the test running of using after connecting piece has linked the unit of the unit of outside and indoor survey, when the refrigerant-cycle systems path replenishes cold-producing medium to the refrigerant pressure at the each point place of regulation cold-producing medium circulating path, the operating parameters of the regulation of refrigerant temperature monitors, come the degree of superheat and/or the supercooling degree of cold-producing medium are detected, by reaching these degrees of superheat and/or supercooling degree, be made as and filled an amount of cold-producing medium, and automatically stop to replenish (for example with reference to the patent documentation 2) of cold-producing medium.

In addition, proposed to comprise the fill method of the heat pump assembly of following process: utilize its fill port to be installed to the process of heat pump assembly the cold-producing medium supply source; Make above-mentioned compressor action and interim ground fill the process of the cold-producing medium of ormal weight one by one; When having filled the cold-producing medium of ormal weight to the inlet temperature of coil and the process that outlet temperature detects within doors; Obtain the process of the temperature difference of detected above-mentioned two temperature; The process that said temperature difference and the temperature difference obtained are in advance compared; And if the difference of the temperature difference of above-mentioned comparison reaches the threshold value of regulation, then stop the process (for example with reference to patent documentation 3) of filling.

Patent documentation 1: the spy opens the 2005-114184 communique

Patent documentation 2: the spy opens the 2005-241172 communique

Patent documentation 3: special fair 6-21749 communique

Summary of the invention

But, in the coolant filling method of above-mentioned

patent documentation

1,2, fill for control cold-producing medium thereafter after automatically filling cold-producing medium to the refrigerant loop of refrigerating air-conditioning and filling appropriate amount, must between the connection of refrigerant loop and cold-producing medium cylinder, possess autocontrol valve.It not only becomes the problem of cost, resource, and the scope of operable refrigerating air-conditioning also is defined.

In the coolant filling method of above-mentioned patent documentation 3, use the degree of superheat of evaporimeter to judge refrigerant amount, do not mention the control method that the delay refrigerant amount of condenser and liquid pipe arrangement is caused the decompression member of big influence but then.If consider the situation in condenser and the liquid pipe arrangement of most being stranded in of cold-producing medium, then think to be difficult to realize high-precision refrigerant amount adjustment in the prior art.In addition, be suitably or deficiency even judged refrigerant amount, whether too much do not judge yet.Its result when filling cold-producing medium on a small quantity one by one, need carry out instrumentation to the degree of superheat of evaporator outlet and judge that whether refrigerant amount is an amount of, exists the problem of trouble and spended time.In addition, do not mention the situation that shows operating condition to the outside, be stopped, be filled to automatically so can be construed to cold-producing medium and mention to fill.Need special service valve and the control corresponding with the valve of special use similarly be set with above-mentioned

patent documentation

1,2.

The present invention finishes in order to solve problem as described above, its purpose be to provide a kind of towards refrigerating air-conditioning the cold-producing medium filling device and towards the coolant filling method of refrigerating air-conditioning, at refrigerating air-conditioning with in order to fill cold-producing medium between the connection of required cold-producing medium cylinder, be not arranged on the valve valve in addition that possesses in the cold-producing medium cylinder, fill and after having filled suitable refrigerant amount, can automatically finish cold-producing medium.

In addition, a kind of coolant filling method of refrigerating air-conditioning is provided, even do not possess special service valve and the special-purpose refrigerant amount that yet can correctly grasp in the refrigerant loop of controlling that cold-producing medium is filled usefulness, and indication be shown or show, even with under the situation of short of refrigerant up to cold-producing medium become an amount of till every the stipulated time by manually also filling the cold-producing medium of ormal weight.In addition, provide a kind of coolant filling method of refrigerating air-conditioning, also hypothesis judges owing to the cold-producing medium filling deviation that manually causes the refrigerant amount of refrigerant loop is which state in not enough, an amount of, too much, and the operator is shown.

Cold-producing medium filling device towards refrigerating air-conditioning of the present invention is characterised in that to possess: refrigerant loop, this refrigerant loop have compressor, cross valve, indoor side heat exchanger, decompressor, outdoor heat exchanger, liquid storage device; The cold-producing medium cylinder is connected with above-mentioned refrigerant loop; Control device carries out from the control of above-mentioned cold-producing medium cylinder when above-mentioned refrigerant loop is filled cold-producing medium, and judges occupied state; And display unit, be set at above-mentioned control device, show the occupied state of above-mentioned cold-producing medium.

Cold-producing medium filling device towards refrigerating air-conditioning of the present invention is at refrigerating air-conditioning with in order to fill cold-producing medium between the connection of required cold-producing medium cylinder, be not arranged on the valve valve in addition that possesses in the cold-producing medium cylinder, and can fill cold-producing medium to refrigerating air-conditioning from the cold-producing medium cylinder.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the figure that embodiment 1 is shown, and is the cold-producing medium of the air conditioner refrigerant loop figure when filling.

Fig. 2 is the figure that embodiment 1 is shown, and is that the cold-producing medium that coolant filling method is shown is filled flow chart.

Fig. 3 is the figure that embodiment 1 is shown, and is the figure that the control object of the control device 30 when having selected the cold-producing medium loading to judge operation mode is shown.

Fig. 4 is the figure that embodiment 1 is shown, and is the figure that outer temperature and the time relation till freeze cycle is stable are shown.

Fig. 5 is the figure that embodiment 1 is shown, and is the figure of control method of the revolution of the compressor 1 when cold-producing medium being shown filling.

Fig. 6 is the figure that embodiment 1 is shown, and is the figure of the control method of the cross valve 2 when the cold-producing medium filling is shown.

Fig. 7 is the figure that embodiment 1 is shown, and is the figure of the fill method of the cold-producing medium when the cold-producing medium filling is shown.

Fig. 8 is the figure that embodiment 1 is shown, and is the refrigerant loop figure of the cold-producing medium of the air conditioner variation when filling.

Fig. 9 is the figure that embodiment 2 is shown, and is the cold-producing medium of the air conditioner refrigerant loop figure when filling.

Figure 10 is the figure that embodiment 3 is shown, and is the cold-producing medium of the air conditioner refrigerant loop figure when filling.

Figure 11 is the figure that embodiment 4 to 6 is shown, and is the cold-producing medium of the air conditioner refrigerant loop figure when filling.

Figure 12 is the figure that embodiment 4 to 6 is shown, and is that the cold-producing medium that coolant filling method is shown is filled flow chart.

Label declaration

The A off-premises station

The B indoor set

C gas side connecting pipings

D liquid side connecting pipings

1 compressor

2 cross valves

3 indoor side heat exchangers

4 vacuum solenoid valves

5 outdoor heat exchangers

6 reservoirs

7 low-pressure sides filling port

8 flexible pipes

9 cold-producing medium cylinder valves

10 cold-producing medium cylinders

11 indoor fans

12 outside fans

13 power receivers

14 2 vacuum solenoid valves

15 autocontrol valves

21 compressor discharge pipe temperature-detecting devices

22 indoor side heat exchanger temperature-detecting devices

23 indoor side heat exchanger outlet temperature checkout gears

24 indoor blow-off outlet temperature-detecting devices

25 outdoor heat exchanger inlet temperature checkout gears

26 outdoor heat exchanger temperature-detecting devices

27 outside blow-off outlet temperature-detecting devices

30 control device

31 memory units

32 determining amount of refrigerant parts

40 display unit

T1 off-premises station environment temperature detection part

T2 indoor set environment temperature detection part

T3 two-phase system refrigerant temperature detection part

T4 outlet temperature detection part

The specific embodiment

Embodiment 1

Below, be that example describes with air conditioner as an example of refrigerating air-conditioning.As refrigerating air-conditioning, except air conditioner, for example also has refrigerator etc.

Fig. 1 to Fig. 8 is the figure that embodiment 1 is shown, Fig. 1 is the refrigerant loop figure of the cold-producing medium of air conditioner when filling, Fig. 2 illustrates the cold-producing medium of coolant filling method and fills flow chart, Fig. 3 is the figure that the control object of the control device 30 when having selected the cold-producing medium loading to judge operation mode is shown, Fig. 4 is the figure that outer temperature and the time relation till freeze cycle is stable are shown, Fig. 5 is the figure of control method of the revolution of the compressor 1 when cold-producing medium being shown filling, Fig. 6 is the figure of the control method of the cross valve 2 when the cold-producing medium filling is shown, Fig. 7 is the figure of the fill method of the cold-producing medium when cold-producing medium being shown filling, and Fig. 8 is the refrigerant loop figure of the variation of the cold-producing medium of air conditioner when filling.

In Fig. 1, air conditioner possesses off-premises station A and indoor set B.Off-premises station A is built-in with compressor 1, cross valve 2, vacuum solenoid valve 4 (example of decompressor), outdoor heat exchanger 5 and reservoir 6 (example of liquid storage device) etc.In addition, indoor set B is built-in with indoor side heat exchanger 3 etc.

Using gases side connecting pipings C connects the end of off-premises station A and the end of indoor set B.On the other hand, use liquid side connecting pipings D to connect the other end of off-premises station A and the other end of indoor set B.Thus, form refrigerant loop.

Among formed refrigerant loop, be built in the effect that the cross valve 2 among the off-premises station A has the direction of advance of change refrigerant loop.Usually, the refrigerating air-conditioning that has refrigeration and heat this two side's function is sent at the cold-producing medium of the HTHP that will spue from compressor 1 under the situation of outdoor heat exchanger 5 and is carried out cooling operation, heats running under the situation of sending into indoor side heat exchanger 3.Cross valve 2 has the effect of switching this operation cycle, can freely switch operation cycle by the slide-valve that switching is positioned at cross valve 2.

On the other hand, the vacuum solenoid valve 4 that is built in off-premises station A has reduce pressure to the effect of the pressure that is easy to evaporate of the liquid cold-producing medium by the cryogenic high pressure of heat exchanger condensation.Promptly, after compressor 1 spues, regulation stream by the refrigerant loop corresponding with the operation cycle of freezing or heat, till arriving vacuum solenoid valve 4, cold-producing medium is kept high pressure, from vacuum solenoid valve 4 by the refrigerant loop that till the suction inlet that arrives compressor 1, passes through later on, become low pressure.

Device with the refrigerant loop that forms as mentioned above need be filled cold-producing medium for as air conditioner performance function in refrigerant loop.In the method for filling cold-producing medium to the refrigerant loop of air conditioner be, generally cold-producing medium cylinder 10 is connected to the low-pressure side filling port 7 that is arranged in refrigerant loop via flexible pipe 8, open the cold-producing medium cylinder valve 9 that possesses in the cold-producing medium cylinder 10, thereby in the loop, fill cold-producing medium.

Even in the coolant filling method of present embodiment,, also carry out same connection as the pre-preparation of filling cold-producing medium.That is, the cold-producing medium cylinder 10 that will have cold-producing medium cylinder valve 9 is connected to the preparatory stage that the coolant filling method that provides in the present embodiment is provided refrigerant loop (as the suction side of the compressor 1 of low-pressure side) via flexible pipe 8.

Describe according to the coolant filling method towards air conditioner of Fig. 2 after above-mentioned being ready to complete.Fig. 2 is that the cold-producing medium that coolant filling method is shown is filled flow chart.

At first, if connect the switch (not shown) that sets in advance the regulation of (with reference to Fig. 3) on the control device 30 of off-premises station A, then select the cold-producing medium loading to judge operation mode (S1).

Selecting the cold-producing medium loading to judge under the situation of operation mode, be built under the situation of off-premises station A, beginning to heat running (S2) at vacuum solenoid valve 4 as shown in Figure 1.In heating running, the cold-producing medium of enclosing in the reservoir 6 that is built in off-premises station A with required bottom line circulates in refrigerant loop along the direction of representing with the arrow of Fig. 1.It is described to carry out the reasons are as follows of cold-producing medium loading judgement in heating running.In off-premises station A, (reservoir 6) enclosed required MIN cold-producing medium in this refrigerant loop when dispatching from the factory.In indoor set B, do not fill cold-producing medium.Therefore, when installing an air-conditioner machine, at first off-premises station A is connected with the cut state of refrigerant loop with indoor set B.After the air of having emitted indoor set B, carry out evacuation.Under this state, remove the cut state of refrigerant loop of (opening) off-premises station A and indoor set B.So, to indoor set B, flow into the required MIN cold-producing medium that is pre-filled in off-premises station A, become the state that air conditioner can turn round.

The length that connects the connecting pipings (prolongation pipe arrangement) of off-premises station A and indoor set B changes according to the installation situation.In this connecting pipings (prolongation pipe arrangement), exist under the state of cold-producing medium, judge, improve and judge precision by carrying out the cold-producing medium loading.As shown in Figure 1, be positioned at vacuum solenoid valve 4 under the situation of off-premises station A,, the liquid cold-producing medium be present among the liquid side connecting pipings D as one of connecting pipings (prolongation pipe arrangement) by heating running.If it is made as cooling operation, then flow into gas-liquid two-phase system cryogen to liquid side connecting pipings D, outdoor heat exchanger 5 becomes condenser, and liquid refrigerant is present between outdoor heat exchanger 5 and the vacuum solenoid valve 4.Therefore, being difficult to carry out the cold-producing medium loading corresponding with the length of connecting pipings (prolongation pipe arrangement) in cooling operation judges.

Fig. 3 illustrates the control object when having selected the cold-producing medium loading to judge operation mode.Air conditioner carries out the control of off-premises station A, indoor set B for according to the optimal operating condition of environmental selection.

As the temperature-detecting device that is used to grasp the refrigerant temperature in the refrigerant loop, be provided with following device.

(1) the compressor discharge pipe temperature-detecting device 21 that the temperature of the discharge pipe of the compressor 1 of off-premises station A is detected;

(2) the indoor side heat exchanger temperature-detecting device 22 that the temperature of the indoor side heat exchanger of indoor set B is detected;

(3) the indoor side heat exchanger outlet temperature checkout gear 23 that the temperature of the indoor side heat exchanger of indoor set B outlet is detected;

(4) air themperature of the blow-off outlet of indoor set B is carried out the indoor blow-off outlet temperature-detecting device 24 of detected temperatures;

(5) the outdoor heat exchanger inlet temperature checkout gear 25 that the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger of off-premises station A inlet is detected;

(6) the outdoor heat exchanger temperature-detecting device 26 that the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger of off-premises station A is detected;

(7) air themperature of the blow-off outlet of off-premises station A is carried out the outside blow-off outlet temperature-detecting device 27 of detected temperatures.

In addition, the temperature-detecting device that the environment temperature of indoor set B is detected and the air that the temperature-detecting device that the environment temperature of off-premises station A detects is separately positioned on indoor set B and off-premises station A sucked is surveyed.

Control device 30 is by detecting in real time above-mentioned (1) to (7) equitemperature checkout gear, and compressor 1, vacuum solenoid valve 4, indoor fan 11 and outside fan 12 are controlled according to this situation, guarantee stable operating condition, play effect as air conditioner.

Control device 30 has the display unit 40 (for example LED (light emitting diode)) that shows cold-producing medium occupied state etc.Control device 30 constitutes microcomputer (microcomputer) etc. is installed on the substrate that is installed on off-premises station A.Control device 30 carries out at least from the control of cold-producing medium cylinder 10 when refrigerant loop is filled cold-producing medium.

In the coolant filling method of present embodiment, also by using above-mentioned (1) that air conditioner is controlled to each detected temperature of the temperature-detecting device of (7), judgement could be guaranteed the suitable operating condition that heats, and judges the state of the refrigerant amount of refrigerant loop.

By the running that heats of S2, compressor 1 entry into service, cold-producing medium circulates in the loop.Herein, outside low and gas side connecting pipings C of temperature and liquid side connecting pipings D long, enclose under the extreme not enough situation of refrigerant amount in the reservoir 6, the state very few with refrigerant amount turns round.

In this case, in refrigerant loop, do not satisfy required MIN loading, compressor 1 cold-producing medium that spues, on the other hand the cold-producing medium that is sucked not circulation come, so become vacuum to the pipe arrangement path that compressor 1 connects from reservoir 6.Above operating condition might cause the fault of compressor 1, so under the very few situation of refrigerant amount, notify cold-producing medium the extreme not enough meaning immediately, urges cold-producing medium filling fast.Display unit 40 shows the situation (S4) of cold-producing medium very few (X=1, aftermentioned).The display unit 40 (LED) that receives signal from control device 30 for example extinguishes the notice to the worker by lighting, and urges cold-producing medium filling fast.

Refrigerant amount is not under the very few situation in S3, and freeze cycle is stable, up to judge suitable refrigerant amount state during, the state that keeps not appending refrigerant amount turn round (S5).

The running of S5 is not only judging that when the current refrigerant amount that circulates whether suitably be necessary in refrigerant loop, and also is important on the reliability of guaranteeing freeze cycle itself.

The duration of runs till freeze cycle is stable by outer temperature about.

In S6, outer temperature degree and setting α ℃ are compared.Predetermined value ℃ for example is 10 ℃.

Outside under the situation that temperature is low, the high temperature that spues by compressor 1, the cold-producing medium of high pressure in by the process of the pipe arrangement till indoor side heat exchanger 3 (condenser) since outside gas be cooled, so the difference of condensation temperature and room temperature becomes little value, and the supercooling degree also roughly becomes 0.In this case, for influence and the raising refrigerant temperature that is not subjected to outer temperature, need to improve the frequency of compressor 1, so stable up to freeze cycle, condensation temperature needs the time till rising.

Be lower than at S6 China and foreign countries temperature degree under setting α ℃ the situation, enter S7, judge and whether passed through stipulated time F (minute).In S7, do not pass through stipulated time F (minute) situation under, be made as the time of judging the cold-producing medium loading, suppress the filling of cold-producing medium and then turn round.Stipulated time F (minute) be the time till, condensation temperature stable up to freeze cycle rises, for example be 20 minutes.Stipulated time F (minute) be outside each, under the temperature condition, to determine by the numerical value of obtaining the time till the steady running of refrigerating air-conditioning experimentally.Fig. 4 illustrates outer temperature and the time relation till freeze cycle is stable.As shown in Figure 4, temperature guarantees under the situation that temperature is low, to compare with the situation that outer temperature is high outside in the temperature range for running outside, and the time till the steady running of refrigerating air-conditioning is longer.

On the other hand, under the situation that temperature is high, compare outside with the situation that above-mentioned outer temperature is low because the state condensation temperature height low according to the frequency of compressor 1, so the time till freeze cycle stable be shortened.

Be higher than at S6 China and foreign countries temperature degree under setting α ℃ the situation, enter S8 and judge and whether passed through stipulated time E (minute).Stipulated time E (minute) be than S7 F (minute) the short time.Stipulated time E (minute) be stable up to freeze cycle, the time till condensation temperature rises for example is 12 minutes.In S8, do not pass through stipulated time E (minute) situation under, be made as the time of judging the cold-producing medium loading, suppress the filling of cold-producing medium and then turn round.

Like this, consider the difference of the stabilization time of freeze cycle, change maintenance according to outer temperature and do not append the time that refrigerant amount turns round.

Next, the display packing to the refrigerant amount condition judgement value X of the S9 of coolant filling method flow chart shown in Figure 2 describes.

If passed through according to the specified stand-by time of outer temperature (E, F (minute)), then refrigerant amount condition judgement value X in each factor of freeze cycle state, that utilize supercooling degree and the condensation temperature parameter to be calculated is represented in output.About refrigerant amount condition judgement value X, calculate in real time according to the freeze cycle state that changes constantly, as the parameter that calculates, supercooling degree after utilizing the freeze cycle stable state to shift and condensation temperature and room temperature poor, according to the scope of supercooling degree, decide refrigerant amount condition judgement value X divided by the value of the difference gained of condensation temperature and room temperature.

Carry out result's demonstration by the display unit 40 (LED) on the control device 30 (substrate) that is arranged on off-premises station A.As the display packing of LED, pass on various signals clearly by making lighting of 1 LED extinguish change in pattern.For example, during with 6 seconds, be thought of as under the situation of 1 setting (set), extinguish 1 time, 2 times, 3 times, 4 times by being distributed into therein to light, the refrigerant amount of passing on output in real time to be present in the refrigerant loop is very few, little, suitable or crosses the refrigerant amount condition judgement value of filling.

That is, in S7 the duration of runs be F (minute) more than situation, S8 in the duration of runs be E (minute) more than situation under enter S9, the refrigerant amount condition judgement value X that output utilizes supercooling degree and condensation temperature parameter to calculate.Refrigerant amount condition judgement value X is divided into 4 following grades.

X=1 (refrigerant amount is very few)

X=2 (refrigerant amount is little)

X=3 (refrigerant amount is suitable)

X=4 (refrigerant amount was to fill)

Calculate refrigerant amount condition judgement value X by control device 30 in real time according to the freeze cycle state that changes constantly.The result of calculation of control device 30 is presented on the display unit 40 (for example LED (light emitting diode)) on the substrate (not shown) that is arranged at off-premises station A.

Coolant filling method when next, the result of determining amount of refrigerant among the S10 of coolant filling method flow chart shown in Figure 2 being judged as lack of refrigerant describes.

The result who judges is being judged as under the few situation of refrigerant amount, shifts to the operation of filling cold-producing medium.

In S10, take a decision as to whether X=1 or X=2.Under the situation of X=1 or X=2, enter S11, fill cold-producing medium.

Under the situation of refrigerant amount very few (X=1), on display unit 40, show refrigerant amount very few (X=1) (S11).

Then, fill in advance the refrigerant amount of filling to the required bottom line of refrigerant loop (for example reservoir 6) 3% with interior cold-producing medium (S13).Approximately carried out 1 time every 1 minute.The refrigerant amount of filling for 1 time is made as the refrigerant amount that is pre-charged with 3% with interior the reasons are as follows described.

That is, transfer at refrigerating air-conditioning under the situation of stable operating condition, the distribution of the cold-producing medium that circulates in refrigerant loop there are differences according to the place, but is in the state of diffusion.Under this operating condition, under the situation of having carried out the cold-producing medium filling more than 3% with respect to initial refrigerant amount, become the high partly freeze cycle running of refrigerant density, from breaking away from as the stable operating condition of freeze cycle.Under this state, be difficult to carry out correct judgement, produce up to operating condition transfer to stable till the shortcoming of spended time.Per 1 minute maximum when thus, stipulating out to carry out the cold-producing medium filling.

Under the situation of refrigerant amount little (X=2), on display unit 40, show refrigerant amount little (X=2), fill in advance the refrigerant amount of filling to the required bottom line of refrigerant loop (for example reservoir 6) 1% with interior cold-producing medium (S12).

Append refrigerant amount, till becoming the stable state that reflects the freeze cycle of appending refrigerant amount, generation time is poor owing to append.Therefore, continue to append at the state that from refrigerant amount is refrigerant amount little (X=2) and filled in advance under 1% situation of refrigerant amount that the required bottom line of refrigerant loop is filled with interior cold-producing medium, refrigerant amount is being judged as the reasonable time point, having actual refrigerant amount is the possibility of too much state.Therefore, need be similar to suitable refrigerant amount and reduce one by one and append refrigerant amount along with decision content.

Next, to when the cold-producing medium loading of the S14 of coolant filling method flow chart shown in Figure 2 is judged, be judged as refrigerant amount suitably (X=3) or refrigerant amount cross fillings (X=4), and the step that stops cold-producing medium loading judgement operation mode describes.

By above-mentioned coolant filling method, in S14, when first judgement or repeated to append the result that cold-producing medium is filled, be judged as refrigerant amount suitably (X=3) or refrigerant amount cross under the situation of filling (X=4), to the mode shifts of the running that stops to judge refrigerant amount.

That is, in S14, judge X, in S14, enter S15 under the situation of X=3 or X=4,,, stop the cold-producing medium loading and judge running (S15) so transfer to the running stop mode because refrigerant amount is suitably.Under the situation of transferring to the running stop mode, compressor 1 stops automatically.When compressor 1 stops, be arranged on the display unit 40 (LED) on the substrate of off-premises station A and demonstrating suitable result of determination (S16).Thus, the operator can grasp the meaning that the cold-producing medium filling operation finishes.

And then, judge running if stopped the cold-producing medium loading, then compressor 1 stops, and cross valve 2 switches.And then vacuum solenoid valve 4 becomes standard-sized sheet (S15).Under the situation of such refrigerant loop shown in Figure 1, the interval that the inside of cross valve 2 possesses is clamped, and the different cold-producing medium of state of the cold-producing medium of the cold-producing medium of the HTHP that flows into from the exhaust end of compressor 1 and the normal temperature low pressure that flows into from outdoor heat exchanger 5 passes through.

The coolant filling method of present embodiment is characterised in that, cold-producing medium cylinder 10 is connected to the low-pressure side of refrigerant loop via flexible pipe 8, utilization reduces by the pressure of the pipe arrangement in the running air conditioner refrigerant loop that produce, that connected, is filled in the loop reposefully according to the pressure differential cold-producing medium.

But, even after suitably having filled cold-producing medium, owing between cold-producing medium cylinder 10 and refrigerant loop, do not have control valve, so might still continue to fill cold-producing medium.

Therefore, by the different cross valve that cold-producing medium passed through 2 of switching state as mentioned above mutual cold-producing medium is carried out bypass, the pressure in the refrigerant loop becomes even.Thus, the pressure differential of refrigerant loop and cold-producing medium cylinder 10 is eliminated, and can suppress cold-producing medium and fill the required above cold-producing medium filling of turning round after finishing.

And then there is vacuum solenoid valve 4 in the device as producing pressure differential in refrigerant loop.In such the heating in the running of Fig. 1, vacuum solenoid valve 4 has the effect that the liquid cold-producing medium from the next cryogenic high pressure of indoor side heat exchanger 3 streams is converted to the gas-liquid two-phase system cryogen of low-temp low-pressure by the sectional area of adjusting stream.

That is, constitute in the running of air conditioner, produce pressure differential in the front and back of vacuum solenoid valve 4.When finishing, with these vacuum solenoid valve 4 standard-sized sheets with cold-producing medium filling running.Promptly even by the sectional area that makes the stream on the loop, can not produce pressure differential, and can similarly make the pressure in the refrigerant loop become even with cross valve 2.Thus, also play the effect that cold-producing medium is filled the required above cold-producing medium filling after running is finished that suppresses.

Next, the record of the running history after the determining amount of refrigerant operation mode of the S17 of coolant filling method flow chart shown in Figure 2 is finished describes.

After finishing cold-producing medium filling running, to the substrate record running historical (S17) of off-premises station A.Fill the situation of running operation by the cold-producing medium of record before being right after, when the inspection of air conditioner etc., can grasp as where having carried out the filling operation of cold-producing medium, can test out moment at refrigerant amount is the freeze cycle that turned round under which type of state.Thus,, can reduce burden, and help the raising of system about the maintenance of air conditioner.

During to the coolant filling method in implementing present embodiment, the action of cold-producing medium filling process during refrigerant amount condition judgement operation mode and the on-stream compressor of controlling 1, cross valve 2 describes.

Fig. 5 illustrates an example of the FREQUENCY CONTROL that the compressor 1 in the refrigerant amount condition judgement operation mode carries out, and Fig. 6 illustrates an example of the switching controls that cross valve 2 carries out, and Fig. 7 illustrates cold-producing medium and fills situation.

S1, S2 on the flow chart as shown in Figure 2 are such, judge operation mode by selecting cold-producing medium to fill, and heat the running beginning.Simultaneously, receive the also entry into service of compressor 1 of signal from control device 30, cross valve 2 also switches, thereby guarantees as the path direction that heats the cold-producing medium in refrigerant loop of running.

From running, improve by make frequency along with effluxion compressor 1, impel the circulation of cold-producing medium, thereby guarantee the stable freeze cycle running under the temperature environment of being placed.At this moment, as the key element of judging the stable state of whether having guaranteed freeze cycle, utilize each temperature-detecting device shown in Figure 3, compressor discharge pipe temperature-detecting device 21, indoor side heat exchanger temperature-detecting device 22, indoor side heat exchanger outlet temperature checkout gear 23, indoor blow-off outlet temperature-detecting device 24, outdoor heat exchanger inlet temperature checkout gear 25, outdoor heat exchanger temperature-detecting device 26, outside blow-off outlet temperature-detecting device 27, compressor 1 comes change frequency constantly according to its detected status.

Stable in freeze cycle, and passed through after the duration of runs of the regulation of selecting among S7, the S8 of Fig. 2, result of determination as S9, exported.Under the situation that is judged as cold-producing medium very few (X=1), this stage is equivalent to the duration of runs " ァ " of Fig. 5～Fig. 7, begins cold-producing medium as shown in Figure 7 from this stage and fills.

After having filled indicated cold-producing medium, arrive the duration of runs " イ " of Fig. 5～Fig. 7, after the demonstration of having confirmed to make per 1 minute cold-producing medium loading to change, as shown in Figure 7 and then fill as indicated refrigerant amount.

Repeat this cold-producing medium filling operation, be judged as under the suitable situation of cold-producing medium loading, shown in the S 15 of the flow chart of Fig. 2, transfer to refrigerant amount and fill the stop mode of judging running.

This stage, compressor 1 roughly stopped simultaneously with the signal that receives the transfer of running stop mode corresponding to Fig. 5～duration of runs " ウ " shown in Figure 7, and cross valve 2 also switches immediately.Thus, suppress the above filling of current amount of cold-producing medium.

And then, the refrigerant loop figure of the 1st variation the when cold-producing medium that Fig. 8 illustrates air conditioner is filled.Refrigerant loop shown in Figure 8 is the receiver loop with power receiver 13.And, compare with refrigerant loop shown in Figure 1, the power receiver 13 that replaces reservoir 6 the to install portion within it of constituting puts into the connecting pipings between indoor side heat exchanger 3 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5, and has 4,2 vacuum solenoid valves 14 of vacuum solenoid valve in front and back.

The effect that the power receiver 13 that replaces reservoir 6 to install has the accumulator tank of the residual refrigerant that is had by reservoir 6.And then, the gas-liquid two-phase system cryogen that will be become low temperature, low pressure by vacuum solenoid valve 4 is sent into power receiver 13, only further reduce pressure by 2 vacuum solenoid valves 14 after the withdrawal liquid in the exit, thereby liquid refrigerant by 2 stages low pressureization effectively, had the effect that increases running efficiency.

Even in the refrigerant loop of the structure of Fig. 8,, become the freeze cycle that exactly likes with reservoir loop shown in Figure 1, so can certainly utilize the coolant filling method same with embodiment 1 by 2 vacuum solenoid valves 14 are made as standard-sized sheet.

Embodiment 2

Fig. 9 is the figure that embodiment 2 is shown, and is the cold-producing medium of the air conditioner refrigerant loop figure when filling.The point different with Fig. 1 is that vacuum solenoid valve 4 is built in indoor set B side.

In indoor set B, be built-in with under the situation of vacuum solenoid valve 4, circulate at refrigerant loop, can realize and the same coolant filling method of content shown in the embodiment 1 by direction according to the arrow of Fig. 9.That is,, express at vacuum solenoid valve 4 and be positioned under the situation of off-premises station A side, need heat running, and under the situation that is positioned at indoor set B side, need carry out cooling operation in order to grasp the refrigerant amount state.

Wherein, the density of cold-producing medium is the highest, promptly to need most interval on the refrigerant loop of refrigerant amount be path from condenser (outdoor heat exchanger 5) to liquid side connecting pipings D.This situation results from above-mentioned interval cold-producing medium liquefaction.Certainly, there is big difference on the density of gaseous state and liquid condition.In refrigerant loop, major part is passed through with gaseous state, but is being thought of as under the situation of refrigerant amount, is the interval of possessing refrigerant amount most between above-mentioned liquify area.Therefore, under the situation of using the coolant filling method of the present invention of studying the refrigerant amount state by the adjustment of vacuum solenoid valve 4, the freeze cycle (cooling operation) that is made as the density that can grasp above-mentioned interval is suitable.

Embodiment 3

On the other hand, even have the refrigerant loop same with Fig. 1, and have the coolant filling method as shown in Figure 10 that can between cold-producing medium cylinder 10 and refrigerating circuit, realize the autocontrol valve 15 that opens and closes, also can use the method for operation till above-mentioned.

In coolant filling method of the present invention, being judged as refrigerant amount is the suitable stage, stop to heat operation mode, when stopping compressor 1, switch cross valve 2, and then by vacuum solenoid valve 4 is made as standard-sized sheet, thereby eliminate owing to the pressure differential that heats in the refrigerant loop that produces that turns round, its result suppresses later excessive cold-producing medium and fills.

Relative with it, between cold-producing medium cylinder 10 and refrigerant loop, appended and to have realized in the loop shown in Figure 10 of autocontrol valve 15 of the switching that opens and closes by off-premises station running control, can judge that the stage of running open autocontrol valve 15 in order to fill cold-producing medium carrying out the cold-producing medium loading, end immediately to turn round and stop later cold-producing medium filling suitably judging by refrigerant amount when stopping by closing autocontrol valve 15.

The most important advantage of the refrigerant loop of Figure 10 is, can stop fully owing to closing the cold-producing medium loading that autocontrol valve 15 causes to judge that running stops later cold-producing medium and fills.Therefore, can more correctly fill refrigerant amount, seek to improve reliability of products.

Embodiment 4

Figure 11, Figure 12 are the figure that embodiment 4 is shown, and Figure 11 is the refrigerant loop figure of the cold-producing medium of air conditioner when filling, and Figure 12 is that the cold-producing medium that coolant filling method is shown is filled flow chart.

In Figure 11, air conditioner possesses off-premises station A and indoor set B.Off-premises station A possesses compressor 1, cross valve 2, the vacuum solenoid valve 4 as decompressor, outdoor heat exchanger 5 and reservoir 6 (example of liquid storage device), and indoor set B has indoor side heat exchanger 3 etc.

Among formed refrigerant loop, the cross valve 2 that possesses among the off-premises station A has the effect of the direction of advance of change refrigerant loop.Usually, the refrigerating air-conditioning that has refrigeration and heat this two side's function is sent at the cold-producing medium of the high temperature that will spue from compressor 1, high pressure under the situation of outdoor heat exchanger 5 and is carried out cooling operation, heats running under the situation of sending into indoor side heat exchanger 3.Cross valve 2 has the effect of switching this operation mode, can freely switch the operation mode that freezes and heat by the slide-valve that switching is positioned at cross valve 2.And, indoor side heat exchanger 3 becomes the condenser of condensating refrigerant when heating operation mode, and outdoor heat exchanger 5 becomes the evaporimeter of vaporized refrigerant, and, indoor side heat exchanger 3 becomes evaporimeter on the contrary when cooling operation, and outdoor heat exchanger 5 becomes condenser.

On the other hand, being built in the vacuum solenoid valve 4 of off-premises station A will be by indoor side heat exchanger 3, the outdoor heat exchanger 5 condensed high pressure liquid cold-producing mediums evaporating pressure that reduces pressure.

Next thermal resistor equitemperature detection part is described.T1 is the off-premises station temperature detection part that the environment temperature to off-premises station A detects, externally temperature detects, T2 is the indoor set environment temperature detection part that the environment temperature to indoor set B detects, T3 is the two-phase system refrigerant temperature detection part that the two-phase system refrigerant temperatures in the indoor side heat exchanger 3 are detected, and T4 is used for the outlet temperature detection part that the outlet temperature to the side that is communicated with liquid side connecting pipings D of indoor side heat exchanger 3 detects.Control device 30 comprises the memory unit 31 of the determining amount of refrigerant parts 32 of the refrigerant amount of judging that refrigerant loop is interior and the threshold value of the judgement that stores these determining amount of refrigerant parts 32 etc., operating condition to compressor 1, vacuum solenoid valve 4, outdoor fan (not shown), indoor fan (not shown) is controlled, and stores off-premises station temperature detection part T1, indoor set environment temperature detection part T2, two-phase system refrigerant temperature detection part T3, the detected value of outlet temperature detection part T4 into above-mentioned memory unit 31 etc.The result of determination of refrigerant amount state is displayed on the display unit 40.Display unit 40 for example can be enumerated the LED lamp that possesses on the control device 30 or remote control display part etc.In addition, in an example of this embodiment, constitute as the control device 30 of control device microcomputer (microcomputer) etc. is installed on the substrate that is installed on off-premises station A.

Device with the refrigerant loop that forms as mentioned above needs cold-producing medium to be present in the refrigerant loop for as air conditioner performance function.

According to Figure 12 the refrigerant amount fill method of air conditioner is described.

At first, carry out flexible pipe Connection Step 101 as the 1st process.In flexible pipe Connection Step 101, the low-pressure side filling port 7 that the flexible pipe 8 that uses cold-producing medium to fill usefulness connects the cold-producing medium cylinder 10 of the refrigerant supplying device of supplying with the cold-producing medium that will fill as being connected with refrigerant loop and is communicated with the suction pipe arrangement of the low-pressure side that becomes above-mentioned refrigerant loop.In addition, as refrigerant supplying device, suppose to carry and to possess the cold-producing medium cylinder 10 of cold-producing medium cylinder valve 9.

To describing as the selected step 102 of the running of the 2nd process.Selectedly in the selected step 102 of this running carry out the running that the determining amount of refrigerant based on determining amount of refrigerant parts 32 and display unit 40, the cold-producing medium that shows running fill running and begin, if connect the switch (not shown) that is located at the regulation in the control device 30, then air conditioner is selected determining amount of refrigerant, is shown operation mode.Selecting determining amount of refrigerant, showing under the situation of operation mode, formation can heat the refrigerant loop of running under the situation of the present embodiment that possesses vacuum solenoid valve 4 in off-premises station A.The flow direction of the cold-producing medium that heats when running is shown with arrow in Figure 11.Vacuum solenoid valve 4 is being arranged in the device of off-premises station A, in heating running, is carrying out determining amount of refrigerant, show running.Its reason is, be full of by the high pressure liquid cold-producing medium owing to heat in the liquid pipe arrangement in when running, so under the long situation of connecting pipings, and compare under the situation of cooling operation, a side who heats running needs more refrigerant amount, can more correctly carry out the judgement of refrigerant amount.Because same reason is being arranged on vacuum solenoid valve 4 in the device of indoor set B, select the operation mode of cooling operation as determining amount of refrigerant, demonstration running.

Next, describe carrying out the time deciding step 103 of the stipulated time of starting operation as the decision of the 3rd process.In this time deciding step 103, the stipulated time that the starting operation of starting operation step 104 described later is carried out in control device 30 decisions, decide the starting operation time according to outer temperature degree by the detected ambient air temperature of off-premises station temperature detection part T1 as the off-premises station environment temperature.The detected temperatures of off-premises station temperature detection part T1 and starting operation time relation formula are stored in the memory unit 31 of control device 30 in advance.Said temperature is low more, and is stable for making freeze cycle, must be long more with the starting operation time set.The starting operation time be for make freeze cycle stable so that can carry out the judgement of refrigerant amount of freeze cycle accurately the required time, general about 10 minutes is a benchmark.In addition, even the starting operation time also can be set the time of the stable length of freeze cycle under low outer temperature, but by utilizing outer temperature to determine the time uniquely, have the effect of the elongated situation of the loss that can prevent the starting operation of unnecessarily growing under temperature is not low outside the situation and cause energy or cold-producing medium filling operation.

Next, the starting operation step 104 as the 4th process is described.In starting operation step 104, fill running if in the selected step 102 of running, selected the cold-producing medium that carries out determining amount of refrigerant and demonstration, then carry out the stipulated time starting operation of decision in time deciding step 103.That is, make compressor 1 entry into service and carry out starting operation.The starting operation time is made as the time of decision in the time of the 3rd process deciding step 103.During this period, on the display unit 40 of control device 30 with mark, numeral, light the mode of extinguishing and wait that to demonstrate be the meaning in the starting operation.The content of in the back side of the peripheral panel that is easy to take off off-premises station A or operational manual etc., expressing these meanings.Compressor 1, vacuum solenoid valve 4, outdoor fan are by variable control, so that freeze cycle is stable.

Next, the judgement, the step display that are made of step 105 (comprising 105a, 105b) as the 5th process are described.In this judgement, step display 105 (comprises 105a, 105b), after the starting operation time of having passed through based on starting operation step 104, whenever the process stipulated time, supercooling degree to condenser (being indoor side heat exchanger 3 in the present embodiment) detects, and the ambient air temperature of condenser 3 is detected by indoor set environment temperature detection part T2, judge that according to the value of these supercooling degree and ambient air temperature the refrigerant amount of refrigerant loop is not enough by determining amount of refrigerant parts 32, in right amount, or which state too much, this result of determination is presented on the display unit 40.That is, each temperature is detected by the two-phase system refrigerant temperature detection part T3 of indoor set environment temperature detection part T2, indoor side heat exchanger 3, the liquid refrigerant outlet temperature detection part T4 of indoor side heat exchanger 3.Obtain the supercooling degree according to 2 temperature values of the latter, be used for determining amount of refrigerant ordinatedly with the indoor set environment temperature.

The relation of supercooling degree and indoor set environment temperature, with short of refrigerant, an amount of, cross multi-mode relational expression and threshold value is stored in the memory unit 31 of control device 30 in advance.By determining amount of refrigerant parts 32 these are compared and to judge refrigerant amount state (step 105a), on display unit 40 with mark, numeral, light the mode of extinguishing and wait and represent deficiency, an amount of, the too much meaning (step 105).The content of in the back side of the panel of off-premises station A or operational manual etc., expressing these meanings.After having passed through the starting operation time, carry out refrigerant amount and demonstration every the stipulated time (step 105b).As the stipulated time, consider the time constant of freeze cycle and preferably be made as 1～2 minute.In addition, if in detail expression is based on an example of the demonstration of the short of refrigerant of display unit 40, an amount of, too much state, then for example by light at LED under the situation of deficiency, LED lights lentamente and extinguishes, lights apace to extinguish to wait under too much situation and show when an amount of, 3 LED perhaps also can independently be set represent, to show each state.

Next, the cold-producing medium filling step 106 as the 6th process is described.This cold-producing medium filling step 106 be judge, the determining amount of refrigerant result (step 105a) of step display 105 for the short of refrigerant state during, compressor 1 remains in operation, make cold-producing medium cylinder valve 9 actions that in cold-producing medium cylinder 10, possess, fill the step of cold-producing medium to refrigerant loop.

That is, be judged to be under the situation of short of refrigerant in the judgement of the 5th process, step display, compressor 1 remains in operation.During this period, cold-producing medium cylinder valve 9 actions of preferred operator by manually making cold-producing medium cylinder 10 are regularly being filled refrigerant amount arbitrarily to refrigerant loop arbitrarily.In fact the required time can be thought when per 1 time filling and to need 2～3 minutes in the affirmation of the preparation of cold-producing medium filling operation, filling, post processing, display unit.In addition, in order not wish to carry out per operator who needs to fill the estimation of how many cold-producing mediums for 1 time, preferably in job description etc., record and narrate per 1 time recommendation filling refrigerant amount.In addition, under the situation of the operation of not carrying out the 6th process (cold-producing medium filling step 106), the state of certain the 5th process (judgement, step display 105,105a, 105b) continues.

Next, the stopping of the 7th process, step display 107 are described.Stop, step display 107 is to judge, under the situation that the determining amount of refrigerant result (step 105a) of step display 105 is an amount of or too much for refrigerant amount, stopping compressor 1 and utilize display unit 40 to show the step of refrigerant amount states.

That is, under the result of determination of refrigerant amount state in the judgement of the 5th process, step display 105 was an amount of or too much situation, refrigerating air-conditioning automatically stopped compressor 1.Show that on display unit 40 the refrigerant amount state is an amount of or too much meaning.The operator observes compressor 1 and stops or showing finishing filling operation.At this moment, the manual cold-producing medium cylinder valve 9 of cold-producing medium cylinder 10 still stays open.In order not continue to fill cold-producing medium after stopping at compressor 1 to refrigerant loop, after compressor 1 stops, at several seconds with the stream of interior switching cross valve 2 and refrigerant loop is become all press and the practice that is difficult to fill cold-producing medium is effective.That is, by all pressures in the refrigerant loop, the pressure differential of the pressure of cold-producing medium cylinder 10 and the connecting portion of refrigerant loop tails off, and should be difficult to fill cold-producing medium.In addition, when switching cross valve 2, produce cold-producing medium and all press sound (producing the sound of bigger whiz), even can all not press sound to grasp the refrigerant amount state to be an amount of or too much situation, the situation that compressor 1 stops, can easily to carry out the cold-producing medium filling operation by cold-producing medium so the operator does not observe display unit 40 yet.In addition, preferably in memory unit 31 storage implementation fill situation from the running of cold-producing medium to this refrigerant loop, result of determination be an amount of or too much situation, Useful Information during the service of the refrigerating air-conditioning after becoming etc. are safeguarded.

Next, describe closing step 108 as the open and close valve of the 8th process.It is after stopping, stopping compressor 1 and demonstrate the refrigerant amount state in the step display 107 that open and close valve is closed step 108, closes total step of the cold-producing medium cylinder valve 9 that possesses in the cold-producing medium cylinder 10.

Promptly, close in the step 108 at the open and close valve of the 8th process, if compressor 1 stops, and the refrigerant amount state of confirming refrigerant loop by display unit 40 is for an amount of or too much, then by manually closing the cold-producing medium cylinder valve 9 that possesses in the cold-producing medium cylinder 10.

Like this, a kind of coolant filling method towards refrigerating air-conditioning is provided, this refrigerating air-conditioning possesses: refrigerant loop, this refrigerant loop have compressor 1, cross valve 2, condenser, vacuum solenoid valve 4, evaporimeter and as the reservoir 6 of liquid storage device; Temperature detection part detects the temperature of refrigerant loop and the ambient air temperature of condenser; Control device 30, the memory unit 31 of threshold value that comprises the determining amount of refrigerant parts 32 of judging the refrigerant amount in the refrigerant loop and store the judgement of determining amount of refrigerant parts 32; Display unit 40 shows by the refrigerant amount state of determining amount of refrigerant parts 32 judgements and to external notification; And cold-producing medium cylinder 10, be connected with refrigerant loop, should comprise following step towards the coolant filling method of refrigerating air-conditioning: flexible pipe Connection Step 101, the flexible pipe 8 that uses cold-producing medium to fill usefulness connect the low-pressure side filling port 7 of cold-producing medium cylinder 10 and refrigerant loop; The selected step 102 of running, selected carrying out based on the determining amount of refrigerant of determining amount of refrigerant parts 32 and display unit 40 and the running of demonstration; Starting operation step 104 if selected the running of carrying out determining amount of refrigerant and demonstration in the selected step 102 of running, is then carried out the stipulated time with starting operation; Judgement, step display 105 (comprising 105a, 105b), after the starting operation time of having passed through based on starting operation step 104, whenever detecting and detect by the ambient air temperature of temperature detection part to condenser through the supercooling degree of stipulated time to condenser, by determining amount of refrigerant parts 32 according to the value of these supercooling degree and environment temperature judge the refrigerant amount of refrigerant loop be not enough, an amount of or too much in which state, this result of determination is presented on the display unit 40; Cold-producing medium filling step 106, during the determining amount of refrigerant result of judgement, step display 105 is the state of short of refrigerant, compressor 1 remains in operation, and makes cold-producing medium cylinder valve 9 actions that possess in the cold-producing medium cylinder 10, fills cold-producing medium to refrigerant loop; And stop, step display 107, determining amount of refrigerant result at judgement, step display 105 (comprising 105a, 105b) is under an amount of or too much situation of refrigerant amount, stop compressor 1 and utilize display unit 40 to show the refrigerant amount state, so even do not possess special service valve and the special-purpose refrigerant amount that also can correctly grasp in the refrigerant loop of controlling that cold-producing medium is supplied with usefulness.In addition, refrigerating air-conditioning judges that every the stipulated time refrigerant amount of refrigerant loop be which state in not enough, an amount of, too much, and the operator shown, so the operator can be by manually making the open and close valve action of refrigerant supplying device, regularly filling arbitrarily refrigerant amount and filling an amount of refrigerant amount arbitrarily to refrigerant loop.In addition, because operation error etc. and under the situation that the refrigerant amount of refrigerant loop becomes too much, refrigerating air-conditioning was judged to be multimode and showed to the operator.Thus, having the operator can be by reclaiming the effect that residual refrigerant etc. makes an amount ofization of cold-producing medium in the refrigerant loop.

In addition, possess: refrigerant loop, this refrigerant loop have compressor 1, cross valve 2, condenser, vacuum solenoid valve 4, evaporimeter, reservoir 6; Temperature detection part detects the temperature of refrigerant loop and the ambient air temperature of condenser; Control device 30 comprises the determining amount of refrigerant parts 32 of judging the refrigerant amount in the refrigerant loop, stores the memory unit 31 of threshold value of the judgement of determining amount of refrigerant parts 32 at least; Display unit 40 shows by the refrigerant amount state of determining amount of refrigerant parts 32 judgements and to external notification; And cold-producing medium cylinder 10, be connected with refrigerant loop, wherein, determining amount of refrigerant parts 32 judge that the refrigerant amount of refrigerant loop is not enough, in right amount, or which state too much, and show that on display unit 40 refrigerant amount is not enough, in right amount, or any one the result of determination too much, even so do not possess the special service valve and the special-purpose refrigerant amount that also can correctly grasp in the refrigerant loop of controlling of cold-producing medium supply usefulness is deficiency, in right amount, which state too much, and the operator shown, so have cold-producing medium cylinder valve 9 actions that the operator can be by manually making cold-producing medium cylinder 10, and easily fill the effect of cold-producing medium to refrigerant loop.Especially, cross multimode and show to the operator owing to take a decision as to whether cold-producing medium, having the operator thus can be by reclaiming the effect that residual refrigerant etc. makes an amount ofization of cold-producing medium in the refrigerant loop.

Embodiment 5

Below, be that example describes with air conditioner as an example of refrigerating air-conditioning.

Figure 11 illustrates the refrigerant loop figure of embodiment 5, and Figure 12 is that cold-producing medium is filled flow chart, and identical with embodiment 1, because loop structure, action are identical with embodiment 1, so omit detailed explanation.Next the starting operation step 104 to present embodiment describes.

Starting compressor 1 in starting operation step 104 and entry into service.The starting operation time is to utilize the environment temperature of off-premises station A to determine uniquely.Under the high situation of off-premises station A environment temperature, be made as the short time, under low situation, be made as long-time.

Be short under the situation of several m to 30m at the prolongation pipe arrangement, cold-producing medium can circulate in refrigerant loop at short notice.In this case, begin the back tens seconds cold-producing medium distributional stabilities to a few minutes inner refrigerant loops from starting operation, the refrigerant pressure in the condenser also rises.Its result exists the difference of the environment temperature of the two-phase system refrigerant temperature of condenser (in the present embodiment for indoor side heat exchanger 3) and condenser also to become big tendency.For example the threshold value with the difference of the environment temperature of the two-phase system refrigerant temperature of condenser and condenser is made as 6deg, will be made as 3～5 minute these minute the stipulated time.Be short under the situation of several m to 30m at the prolongation piping length, the difference of the environment temperature of the two-phase system refrigerant temperature of condenser and condenser becomes more than the above-mentioned threshold value begun to pass through the afore mentioned rules time from starting operation after.

On the other hand, in air conditioner, be filled with the cold-producing medium of the prolongation piping length part of tens m in advance to off-premises station.Be commonly referred to as and owe filling (charge less) method, in the cabinet air-conditioner of shop or professional usefulness, be used on most machines.

As an example, suppose to adopt the R410A cold-producing medium, owing initially to fill refrigerant amount in the packing method at 30m is 5 horsepowers of off-premises stations of 4.3kg.In addition, in 5 horsepowers standard pipe arrangement caliber, flue is 15.88mm, and the liquid pipe is 9.52mm, and appending the every 1m of refrigerant amount is 0.06kg.In this case, the refrigerant amount that is stranded in the pipe arrangement is 1.8kg, and it is the amount that is stranded in off-premises station, indoor set that remaining 2.5kg is said to.

At the pipe arrangement that connects this off-premises station and indoor set is under the situation of 5m, and (25m * 0.06kg/m=1.5kg) becomes residue to the 1.5kg suitable with the cold-producing medium of 25m size.Because 1.5kg is equivalent to 35% of integral body, so if carry out determining amount of refrigerant in above-mentioned judgement, step display 105, it is too much then to judge into refrigerant amount.

Under the short situation of piping length, cooling operation, heat running, difference that the refrigerant loop in each running of the running of thawing is detained refrigerant amount (required refrigerant amount) is little, so that even the refrigerant amount in the refrigerant loop becomes is too much, also can in reservoir 6, be detained the refrigerant amount difference suitable residual refrigerant required, so no problem on reliability with each when running.So, at piping length in short-term, wish to judge that refrigerant amount all is an amount of till the suitable multimode excessively that becomes the degree that becomes problem on the reliability.

Determining amount of refrigerant is that the relation by the environment temperature of the supercooling degree of condenser and condenser decides.Haply,, then be judged to be too much,, then be judged to be deficiency if little if the supercooling degree is big.If increase to distinguish the threshold value of an amount of and too much supercooling degree, then can judge and become an amount of being judged to be too much situation usually.For example make 8deg become 16deg etc. usually.

As mentioned above, the difference of the environment temperature of the two-phase system refrigerant temperature of condenser and condenser for example becomes under the situation more than the 6deg for example begun to pass through 3～5 minutes from starting operation after, by becoming big direction (for example from 8deg to 16deg) to the supercooling degree and change judging, will distinguish in the step display 105 an amount of the and too much threshold value of refrigerant amount, thereby under the short situation of piping length, usually the part that becomes too much judgement can be made as an amount of judgement, can omit the trouble whether consideration needs cold-producing medium to fill once more.

Embodiment 6

Figure 11 illustrates the refrigerant loop figure of embodiment 6, and Figure 12 is that cold-producing medium is filled flow chart, and identical with embodiment 4, because loop structure, action are identical with embodiment 4, so omit detailed explanation.Below the starting operation step 104 of present embodiment is described.

Under the situation that refrigerant amount in refrigerant loop is not enough significantly, on-stream low drops and compressor 1 might become the negative pressure suction condition.Continue if negative pressure sucks running, will take place that then valve fault in the compressor 1 and axle wear and tear etc., the possibility height that compressor 1 breaks down.Because this moment, the circulating mass of refrigerant of refrigerant loop was almost nil, so the environment temperature of the two-phase system refrigerant temperature of condenser and condenser is roughly the same.

For example the threshold value with temperature difference is made as 3deg, will be made as the stipulated time 10 minutes.Under the not enough significantly situation of refrigerant amount, beginning to have passed through afore mentioned rules from starting operation after the time, the difference of the two-phase system refrigerant temperature of condenser and the environment temperature of condenser becomes below the above-mentioned threshold value.

Wish that under the situation that above-mentioned state has taken place notice is a short of refrigerant as early as possible, thus after detection, be judged to be short of refrigerant immediately, and show this meaning.

As mentioned above, the difference of the environment temperature of the two-phase system refrigerant temperature of condenser and condenser for example becomes under the situation below the 2deg for example begun to pass through 10 minutes from starting operation after, by being judged to be short of refrigerant immediately, and showing and guarantee compressor reliability.

As above-mentioned embodiment 4～6, according to the coolant filling method of refrigerating air-conditioning of the present invention, wherein, refrigerating air-conditioning possesses: refrigerant loop has compressor, cross valve, condenser, decompressor, evaporimeter, liquid storage device; Temperature detection part detects the temperature of above-mentioned refrigerant loop and the ambient air temperature of above-mentioned condenser; Control assembly comprises determining amount of refrigerant parts and the memory unit of judging the refrigerant amount in the above-mentioned refrigerant loop; Display unit shows by the refrigerant amount state of above-mentioned determining amount of refrigerant parts judgement and to external notification; And refrigerant supplying device, being connected with above-mentioned refrigerant loop, the coolant filling method of this refrigerating air-conditioning comprises following step: the starting operation step, the stipulated time is carried out in starting operation; Judgement, step display, after the starting operation time of having passed through based on above-mentioned starting operation step, whenever detecting and detect by the ambient air temperature of said temperature detection part to above-mentioned condenser through the supercooling degree of stipulated time to above-mentioned condenser, by above-mentioned determining amount of refrigerant parts according to the value of these supercooling degree and environment temperature judge the refrigerant amount of above-mentioned refrigerant loop be not enough, an amount of or too much in which state, this result of determination is presented on the above-mentioned display unit; The cold-producing medium filling step, the determining amount of refrigerant result of above-mentioned judgement, step display be the short of refrigerant state during, above-mentioned compressor remains in operation, and makes the open and close valve action that possesses in the above-mentioned refrigerant supplying device, fills cold-producing medium to above-mentioned refrigerant loop; And stop, step display, determining amount of refrigerant result at above-mentioned judgement, step display is under an amount of or too much situation of refrigerant amount, stop above-mentioned compressor and utilize above-mentioned display unit to show the refrigerant amount state, so even do not possess special service valve and the special-purpose refrigerant amount that also can correctly grasp in the refrigerant loop of controlling that cold-producing medium is supplied with usefulness.In addition, refrigerating air-conditioning judges that every the stipulated time refrigerant amount of refrigerant loop be which state in not enough, an amount of, too much, and the operator shown, so the operator can be by manually making the open and close valve action of refrigerant supplying device, regularly filling arbitrarily refrigerant amount and filling an amount of refrigerant amount arbitrarily to refrigerant loop.On the other hand, because operation error etc. and under the situation that the refrigerant amount of refrigerant loop becomes too much, refrigerating air-conditioning was judged to be multimode and showed to the operator.Thus, having the operator can be by reclaiming the effect that residual refrigerant etc. makes an amount ofization of cold-producing medium in the refrigerant loop.

In addition, owing to possess the time deciding step that above-mentioned control assembly determines the stipulated time of carrying out starting operation of above-mentioned starting operation step, so can determine the time of starting operation effectively.

In addition, determine uniquely according to outer temperature owing to carry out the stipulated time of above-mentioned starting operation, so have the effect that can determine the required time of starting operation effectively.

In addition, possess after above-mentionedly stopping, stopping above-mentioned compressor and demonstrate the refrigerant amount state in the step display, close the open and close valve of the above-mentioned open and close valve that possesses in the above-mentioned refrigerant supplying device and close step, so the operator is easy to carry out the cold-producing medium filling operation.

In addition, possess indoor set and off-premises station, and be formed in and heat running under the situation that above-mentioned decompressor is equipped on above-mentioned off-premises station and be equipped on the running that the above-mentioned refrigerant loop that can carry out cooling operation under the situation of above-mentioned indoor set is filled cold-producing medium at above-mentioned decompressor, no matter, can fill cold-producing medium so indoor set and off-premises station which decompressor is positioned at.

In addition, make the revolution of above-mentioned compressor and the decompression quantitative changeization of above-mentioned decompression member, so that the refrigerant temperature state of above-mentioned refrigerant loop becomes predetermined target value, so can judge the refrigerant amount of freeze cycle accurately.

In addition, be not enough in the determining amount of refrigerant result of above-mentioned judgement, step display, and do not implement to continue above-mentioned judgement, step display under the situation of above-mentioned cold-producing medium filling step, so be easy to carry out cold-producing medium filling operation to refrigerant loop.

In addition, above-mentionedly stop, the determining amount of refrigerant result is for an amount of or too much and stop under the situation of above-mentioned compressor in the step display, the stream of stating cross valve is changed with inscribe in after above-mentioned compressor stops several seconds, fills so be difficult for becoming crossing of cold-producing medium.

In addition, use the sound of the stream that switches above-mentioned cross valve to inform that the determining amount of refrigerant result is for situation an amount of or too much and that above-mentioned compressor stops, so the operator is easy to judge flow chart.

In addition, according to the cold-producing medium filling device towards refrigerating air-conditioning of the present invention, it possesses as above-mentioned embodiment: refrigerant loop has compressor, cross valve, condenser, decompressor, evaporimeter, liquid storage device; Temperature detection part detects the temperature of above-mentioned refrigerant loop and the ambient air temperature of above-mentioned condenser; Control assembly comprises the determining amount of refrigerant parts of judging the refrigerant amount in the above-mentioned refrigerant loop and stores the memory unit of threshold value of the judgement of above-mentioned determining amount of refrigerant parts at least; Display unit shows by the refrigerant amount state of above-mentioned determining amount of refrigerant parts judgement and to external notification; And refrigerant supplying device, be connected with above-mentioned refrigerant loop, wherein, above-mentioned determining amount of refrigerant parts judge that the refrigerant amount of above-mentioned refrigerant loop is for not enough, in right amount, or which state too much, and show that on display unit refrigerant amount is not enough, in right amount, or any one the result of determination too much, even so do not possess the special service valve and the special-purpose refrigerant amount that also can correctly grasp in the refrigerant loop of controlling of cold-producing medium supply usefulness is deficiency, in right amount, which state too much, and the operator shown, so having the operator can be by manually making the open and close valve action of refrigerant supplying device, and easily fills the effect of cold-producing medium to refrigerant loop.

In addition, be under an amount of or too much situation of refrigerant amount in the result of determination of above-mentioned determining amount of refrigerant parts, stop above-mentioned compressor, so the operator is easy to carry out the cold-producing medium filling operation.

Claims

1. cold-producing medium filling device towards refrigerating air-conditioning is characterized in that possessing:

Refrigerant loop, this refrigerant loop have compressor, cross valve, indoor side heat exchanger, decompressor, outdoor heat exchanger, liquid storage device;

The cold-producing medium cylinder is connected with the low-pressure side of above-mentioned refrigerant loop;

Control device carries out from the control of above-mentioned cold-producing medium cylinder when above-mentioned refrigerant loop is filled cold-producing medium, and judges occupied state; And

Display unit is set on the above-mentioned control device, shows the occupied state of above-mentioned cold-producing medium,

Under the refrigerant amount condition judgement value as the occupied state of being judged by above-mentioned control device is suitable situation, stops above-mentioned compressor and switch above-mentioned cross valve and stop the cold-producing medium loading and judge running.

2. the cold-producing medium filling device towards refrigerating air-conditioning according to claim 1 is characterized in that, Yi Bian this refrigerating air-conditioning that turns round, Yi Bian fill cold-producing medium to above-mentioned refrigerant loop from above-mentioned cold-producing medium cylinder.

3. the cold-producing medium filling device towards refrigerating air-conditioning according to claim 1 is characterized in that, possesses the temperature-detecting device that the state to above-mentioned refrigerant loop detects.

4. coolant filling method towards refrigerating air-conditioning, this refrigerating air-conditioning has: refrigerant loop, this refrigerant loop have compressor, cross valve, indoor side heat exchanger, decompressor, outdoor heat exchanger, liquid storage device; Temperature-detecting device is at least to room temperature, outer temperature, condensation temperature, evaporating temperature and become the above-mentioned indoor side heat exchanger of condenser or the outlet temperature of above-mentioned outdoor heat exchanger detects; The cold-producing medium cylinder is connected with the low-pressure side of above-mentioned refrigerant loop when cold-producing medium is filled; And control device, carry out from the control of above-mentioned cold-producing medium cylinder when above-mentioned refrigerant loop is filled cold-producing medium, and judge occupied state, should be characterised in that towards the coolant filling method of refrigerating air-conditioning,

5. the coolant filling method towards refrigerating air-conditioning according to claim 4 is characterized in that, under above-mentioned refrigerant amount condition judgement value is suitable situation, and then with above-mentioned decompressor standard-sized sheet and stop the cold-producing medium loading and judge running roughly.

6. the coolant filling method towards refrigerating air-conditioning according to claim 4 is characterized in that above-mentioned control device has display unit,

Under the very few situation of refrigerant amount, on above-mentioned display unit, show the extreme not enough meaning of cold-producing medium, promptly carry out cold-producing medium and fill.

7. the coolant filling method towards refrigerating air-conditioning according to claim 4 is characterized in that, possesses indoor set and off-premises station,

Be set at above-mentioned decompressor under the situation of above-mentioned off-premises station, operating as of this refrigerating air-conditioning heats running.

8. the coolant filling method towards refrigerating air-conditioning according to claim 4 is characterized in that, possesses indoor set and off-premises station,

Be set at above-mentioned decompressor under the situation of above-mentioned indoor set, this refrigerating air-conditioning operate as cooling operation.

9. the coolant filling method towards refrigerating air-conditioning according to claim 4 is characterized in that, changes the time that state that maintenance do not append refrigerant amount turns round according to above-mentioned outer temperature.

10. the coolant filling method towards refrigerating air-conditioning according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, temperature is higher than under the situation of setting outside above-mentioned, compare with the situation that above-mentioned outer temperature is lower than setting, append the state of cold-producing medium and time of turning round is set as shorter from above-mentioned cold-producing medium cylinder keeping not.

11. the coolant filling method towards refrigerating air-conditioning according to claim 4 is characterized in that above-mentioned control device has display unit,

Above-mentioned control device calculates above-mentioned refrigerant amount condition judgement value in real time, and the result of calculation of this control device is presented on the above-mentioned display unit.

12. the coolant filling method towards refrigerating air-conditioning according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned refrigerant amount condition judgement value be very few or hour the filling of cold-producing medium in, the maximum of filling cold-producing medium at the appointed time be made as the refrigerant amount in above-mentioned refrigerant loop, enclosed in advance with required bottom line 3% in.

13. the coolant filling method towards refrigerating air-conditioning according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the record running after having finished cold-producing medium loading judgement running of above-mentioned control device is historical.