CN101413472A - Free style electric generating apparatus of river water stream - Google Patents
Free style electric generating apparatus of river water stream Download PDFInfo
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- CN101413472A CN101413472A CNA2008102034492A CN200810203449A CN101413472A CN 101413472 A CN101413472 A CN 101413472A CN A2008102034492 A CNA2008102034492 A CN A2008102034492A CN 200810203449 A CN200810203449 A CN 200810203449A CN 101413472 A CN101413472 A CN 101413472A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a free type power generating unit for river flow, which belongs to the technical field of renewable energy source power generation. The generating unit comprises a propeller hydroelectric generating set, a motor output connector, an inverter, an inverter output connector, an auxiliary circuit module, a damping load and an electric power parameter sensing module. The river flow flows into from a prepositive propeller of the propeller hydroelectric generating set, sequentially passes through a main propeller and a hydraulic generator, and flows out from the rear end of a cylindrical shell. The main propeller converts hydraulic energy into rotative moments of the main propeller and a rotating main shaft under effective push of water flow, and the main propeller drives a rotor of the hydraulic generator to rotate; a three-phase alternating current electric power is formed at an output interface and is outputted; and the three-phase alternating current electric power is transmitted to the inverter for realizing synchronical following of electric power parameters outputted by the hydraulic generator with electric fence parameters and controlling the operation of the device under the decision of the auxiliary circuit module. The generating unit improves converting efficiency of hydraulic energy, and realizes the limitation on extra-high rotating speed of a propeller hydraulic generator.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the electricity generating device in a kind of power technology field, specifically is a kind of free style electric generating apparatus of river water stream.
Background technique
The hydraulic generator unit that is widely used at present, water turbine wherein can be divided into impulse turbine and reaction turbine two big classes substantially.The runner of impulse turbine is subjected to the impact of current and rotates, and the pressure of current is constant in the working procedure, mainly is the conversion of kinetic energy; The runner of reaction turbine is subjected to the reaction force of current and rotates in water, the pressure of current energy and kinetic energy all change in the working procedure, but mainly is the conversion of pressure energy.Impulse turbine can be divided into formula of hitting of cutting (claiming water bucket type again) and tilt-impulse type two classes by the flow direction of current.Reaction turbine can be divided into mixed-flow, axial flow, diagonal flow type and pouring type.
The water turbine of current all various models all is to design at the waterpower resourses with water development value, and specifically, if water resources does not have certain height of water and water flow, then this water resources does not just possess hydroelectric exploitation value.According to present hydroelectric power design code, the current that are dispersed throughout the intermountain brook in the vast zone and plain tract on the earth must be raised upper pool elevation and concentrated flow could be realized hydroelectric power by mode such as construct a dam to store water.That is to say that low water head current such as the river course of relatively flat or small flow current do not have value to current hydroelectric power standard.
How the low energy densities waterpower resourses with similar common streamflow are used, and face in the current whole world under the situation of energy scarcity, have more and more attracted much attention power.Though, it is limited developing the unit group electric power that these type of waterpower resourses can produce, can't compare with the large medium-size station of high head, big flow fully, but, the former can not look down upon at total amount on earth, and its maximum advantage is need not people and drops into huge fund and carry out the indispensable water conservancy projects construction of conventional hydropower station.
Although there is no lack of precedents to be devoted to the research of low water head, small flow hydraulic power generation technology, and various innovative idea and technology are also many, and up to now, all there are many defectives in these correlation techniques, therefore are difficult to be promoted application.
Find by prior art documents, number of patent application is 200710120011.3 Chinese invention patent, patent name is: water flow power ship and power station thereof, this patent is made up of with adjusting device three big main functional parts generating hull, whole circulation plates sprocket-type water turbine, generator and transmission thereof, and the water flow power ship power station of its large-scale form is together to be made of the river course that cooperates construction with the generating ship supporting facility of catchmenting.This technological scheme is feasible, but exists tangible technological deficiency: 1, the river course that cooperates construction with the generating ship supporting facility of catchmenting must be arranged, and this certainly will limit to the Applicable scope of this technology; 2, whole circulation plates sprocket-type water turbine obviously is a kind of waterpower transducing machinery that comparatively falls behind, because the hydraulic characteristic of its very simple plate sprocket-type mechanical structure has limited the raising of water energy conversion efficiency; 3, its generator and transmission thereof and adjusting device facility can't be realized the optimization tracking that electric power is incorporated into the power networks.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of free style electric generating apparatus of river water stream is provided, the overall structure of apparatus of the present invention is simple, easy for installation, be applicable to big or small streamflow generating, the current of low water head even small flow can be generated electricity, but also have the optimization of energy conversion efficiency and the synchronous following function of the automation of electrical network parameter.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes: propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit, the motor out connector, inverter, the inversion out connector, the auxiliary cicuit module, damping loads, the parameters of electric power sensing module, the output interface of propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit is connected with the input port of motor out connector, the output port of motor out connector is connected with the input interface of inverter, the output interface of inverter is connected with the input port of inverter out connector, the output port of inverter out connector is connected with electrical network, and the control input interface of inverter is connected with parameters of electric power sensing module output interface; The output interface of propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit is connected with the damping loads input interface simultaneously; First output interface of auxiliary cicuit module is connected with the control signal input port of motor out connector, second output interface of auxiliary cicuit module is connected with the control signal input port of inverter out connector, the 3rd output interface of auxiliary cicuit module is connected with the control signal input interface of damping loads, the input interface of auxiliary cicuit module is connected with parameters of electric power sensing module output interface, and the input interface of parameters of electric power sensing module is connected with electrical network.
Described propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit, comprise: propeller water turbine, hydraulic turbine generator, generator fixed support and cylinder blanket, wherein: the rotating spindle of propeller water turbine is connected with the rotating spindle of hydraulic turbine generator, propeller water turbine and hydraulic turbine generator are installed in the cylinder blanket by the generator fixed support, propeller water turbine is in the front portion in the cylinder blanket, and hydraulic turbine generator is in the rear portion of cylinder blanket; When propeller water turbine rotates, drive the rotation of generator amature for as the active moment of hydraulic turbine generator the rotating spindle of hydraulic turbine generator by the rotating spindle transmission in the moment of rotation that its axle head produced.
Described propeller water turbine, its rotating spindle is connected with the rotating spindle of hydraulic turbine generator by flange plate, and both rotating spindle joints are propeller water turbine torque output terminal, also are the torque input ends of hydraulic turbine generator.
Described cylinder blanket, it is used for fixing propeller water turbine and hydraulic turbine generator, can improve simultaneously the hydraulic characteristic of propeller water turbine, the outer current of the working flow of feasible each blade of propeller water turbine of flowing through and cylinder blanket are isolated, guarantee to flow through current behind each blade along the axial flow of unit, play the rectified action that current flow out, avoided the interference of the turbulent flow of unit water outlet end and Karman vortex street, therefore can obviously improve the hydraulic energy conversion efficiency main screw vacuum side of blade pressure.
Described propeller water turbine, comprise: main screw, preposition propeller cavitation, rotating spindle, wherein, be provided with a bulge loop in the oar axle of preposition propeller cavitation, the front end of rotating spindle is provided with a scrobicular ring, preposition propeller cavitation is meshed with the scrobicular ring of rotating spindle by bulge loop, preposition propeller cavitation can rotate freely at an end of rotating spindle, be provided with main screw after the preposition propeller cavitation, main screw and rotating spindle are fastenedly connected, constitute one, when main screw is subjected to the hydro-flow thrust effect and when rotating, drives rotating spindle and rotate.
Described preposition propeller cavitation, its diameter is identical with the diameter of main screw, and both diameters are again less than the inner diameter of cylinder blanket.
Among the present invention, preposition propeller cavitation plays a part water conservancy diversion, when current are flowed through preposition propeller cavitation, utilizes the hydraulic characteristic of preposition propeller blade to form a kind of special angle of current, so produces the maximum thrust to the main screw blade; The thrust that each blade of main screw is produced is concentrated the running torque that converts rotating spindle to, and the running torque that propeller water turbine produced is transferred to the rotating spindle of hydraulic turbine generator again by rotating spindle.Preposition propeller cavitation is when carrying out water conservancy diversion to the incident current, self also is subjected to the promotion of current and produces the rotation opposite with the main screw sense of rotation, therefore, can be rightly with water flow maximal efficiency ground, DYNAMIC DISTRIBUTION on the focusing surface of each blade of main screw, both improve water energy conversion efficiency, and can overcome the radially vibrations of propeller water turbine again.
Described motor out connector, it is propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit output electric energy and the derailing switch that is connected of inverter, constitute the three-phase passage by three electronic power switch devices, utilize the soft switching characteristic of electronic power switch device to realize that the no-voltage of the three-phase electric energy process of circulation opens the function with zero-current switching.
Described inverter out connector, i.e. the derailing switch that is connected of inverter and electrical network, its internal structure is identical with the motor out connector.
Described inverter, comprise: the inverter input interface, three-phase commutation bridge, input filter, three phase inverter bridge, output filter, control module, drive isolation module, the inverter output interface, wherein: the output port of inverter input interface is connected with the input port of three-phase commutation bridge, the output port of three-phase commutation bridge is connected with the input port of input filter, the output port of input filter is connected with the input port of three phase inverter bridge, the output port of three phase inverter bridge is connected with the input port of output filter, and the output port of output filter is connected with the input port of inverter output interface; The control signal input port of three phase inverter bridge is connected with the output port that drives isolation module, the input port that drives isolation module is connected with the output port of control module, and the input port of control module is that the control input interface of inverter is connected with the output interface of parameters of electric power sensing module.
Described control module, comprise: inversion control analog-digital converter and SPWM maker, the input port of inversion control analog-digital converter is the input interface of control module, be connected with the output port of parameters of electric power sensing module, the input port of inversion control analog-digital converter has 6 analogue signal input channels, be used for accepting respectively electric parameter signal from voltage in three phases and current sensor, the inversion control analog-digital converter comprises 6 A/D submodules, respectively 6 road input signals are carried out analog-to-digital conversion, the output port of inversion control analog-digital converter is connected with the input port of SPWM maker, the output port of SPWM maker is the output port of control module, the SPWM maker is responsible for generating the SPWM signal, and the SPWM signal is the sinusoidal wave pulse modulation signal.
Described SPWM maker, PWM wherein (pulsewidth modulation) are according to the important conclusion of sampling control: the equal and variform burst pulse of momentum is added on the link with inertia, and its basic role effect is identical.Therefore every half period of a sine wave is carried out five equilibrium, the area that the sinusoidal curve of every five equilibrium and axis of abscissas are surrounded replaces with a contour rectangular pulse that equates with this area then, and then the width of each pulse will change by sinusoidal rule; Usually the choosing sine wave is a modulated wave, as carrier wave, promptly constitutes sinusoidal wave pulse modulated wave SPWM by both crossing modulation with high-frequency isosceles triangle.
Described damping loads, comprise: three bidirectional thyristors and three water resistances, each bidirectional thyristor and a water resistance constitute a single-phase damping loads, three bidirectional thyristors and three water resistances constitute three single-phase damping loads respectively, three input terminations of three bidirectional thyristors are as the input interface of damping loads, the output termination of three bidirectional thyristors is connected with the input termination of three water resistances respectively, and the control signal input termination of three bidirectional thyristors is as three control signal input interfaces of damping loads.
Described water resistance, it assigns two electrodes being equipped with on container of water, with water as electric conductor, utilize the electric conductivity of water bad, waiting with salt, sulfur waste acid in water increases its electric conductivity to have formed the electric conductor of little, a suitable heavy-current discharge of resistance, can carry out electrolysis to water after the solution in the water resistance feeds electric current, consuming a large amount of electric energy, therefore it can play resistance wire the effect that can not play, can not take place seriously to generate heat and burn.
Among the present invention, certainly will cause the rotating speed of propeller water turbine too high when the unit removal of load of propeller cavitation hydraulic generator or because of certain reason causes the inverter out connector to turn-off, insert damping loads this moment, make the output of hydraulic turbine generator three-phase in time be access in three loads, allow hydraulic turbine generator that propeller water turbine is formed a kind of electromagnetic resistance square, therefore can hang down by in time that propeller water turbine is too high speed drop, play the effect of speed limit.Just because of this characteristic that can increase hydraulic turbine generator electromagnetic resistance square of utilizing damping loads, make the speed limit function of water turbine be protected, the utilization of damping loads can either the place of water turbine speed regulating structure, save the indispensable speed measurement device of general water turbine again, it is very succinct, compact and reliable that whole device seems.
Described auxiliary cicuit module, comprise: assist control analog-digital converter and data processing system, the input port of assist control analog-digital converter is as the input interface of auxiliary cicuit module, be connected with the output port of parameters of electric power sensing module, the input port of assist control analog-digital converter has 6 analogue signal input channels, the assist control analog-digital converter comprises 6 A/D submodules, be used for accepting respectively electric parameter signal from electrical network voltage in three phases and current sensor, the output port of assist control analog-digital converter is connected with the input interface of data processing system, the output interface of data processing system is the output interface of auxiliary cicuit module, after the assist control analog-digital converter was transported to data processing system with the electric parameter digital signal, data processing system was according to the three-phase voltage of electrical network, information such as the zero passage moment of the characteristic parameter of electric current and voltage and electric current are done following processing respectively:
Control the opening or turn-offing of motor out connector: do not send when going code to damping loads in the auxiliary cicuit module, control motor out connector is in opening state all the time; When the auxiliary cicuit module is sent when going code to damping loads, then send and turn-off instruction to the motor out connector, promptly when damping loads inserts the output of hydraulic turbine generator three-phase, the motor out connector is turned off simultaneously, this moment, damping loads became unique output loading of hydraulic turbine generator, otherwise the motor out connector keeps or the recovery opening state;
Control inverter out connector: when inverter output power electric parameter and electrical network electric parameter reach synchronous tracking, open the inverter out connector, otherwise turn-off the inverter out connector;
The access or the disconnection of control damping loads: when the inverter out connector is converted to off state from opening state, trigger the three-phase bidirectional thyristor conducting in the damping loads, make each the single-phase damping loads in the damping loads be in access state, directly become the threephase load of hydraulic turbine generator, meanwhile, the motor out connector is in off state; Otherwise, be in off state between the output interface of control damping loads and propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit;
The electrical network electric parameter that obtains from the parameters of electric power sensing module when the auxiliary cicuit module is judged to be by wherein data processing system and allows unit normally during the parameter of output power, and the auxiliary cicuit module will control again that damping loads disconnects, the recovery of motor out connector is opened, the inverter out connector is open-minded.
Described parameters of electric power sensing module, comprise: three voltage transducers and three current sensors, each voltage transducer and a current sensor detect each single-phase voltage and current signal respectively, and the output port of the output port of three voltage transducers and three current sensors is that the input port of the control module in the inverter, the input interface of auxiliary cicuit module are connected with the control input interface of inverter respectively.
Described auxiliary cicuit module, data processing system wherein can link to each other with the GPRS long distance control system, realize generating output parameter and the data interaction between the GPRS long distance control system in the system and device, and realize that by the GPRS long distance control system unattended full-automatic generator operation controls.
Working procedure of the present invention is as follows:
The propeller water turbine of propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit is faced the flow velocity direction of current, be connected with the pile on riverbank, regulate the length of cable wire, its integral body is slipped in the streamflow by cable wire; When the preposition propeller cavitation of streamflow from propeller water turbine, the front end that is cylinder blanket flows into, successively through behind main screw and the hydraulic turbine generator, when flow out the rear end of cylinder blanket, main screw is converted to hydraulic energy the moment of rotation of main screw and rotating spindle under effective promotion of current; The torque of main screw output is by driving the rotation of hydraulic generator rotor simultaneously with Axile connection structure; Therefore the rotation cutting stator iron core magnetic line of force of hydraulic generator rotor produces induction electromotive force at stator coil, and promptly the output interface at hydraulic turbine generator forms three-phase ac power output;
Three-phase ac power exports inverter to by the motor out connector, control module in the inverter is determined output voltage, frequency and the phase number of three phase inverter bridge according to the detection information of electrical network parameter, realize hydraulic turbine generator output power parameter following synchronously to electrical network parameter, and under the decision-making of auxiliary cicuit module, control inverter out connector open-minded; In case occur: the anomaly of electrical network or load, the auxiliary cicuit module is by detection and judgement to voltage, current sensor output signal, whether decision-making in real time makes inverter out connector and motor out connector be in off state immediately, and inserts damping loads and limit the excessive speeds of propeller water turbine and avoid the unloaded high voltage of hydraulic turbine generator to cause infringement to motor.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The first, propeller water turbine of the present invention has good hydraulic characteristic;
The second, can realize restriction by the method that inserts damping loads, therefore simplify the arrangements for speed regulation of propeller water turbine the propeller water turbine excessive speeds;
Three, to the operating conditions of propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit without any need for restriction, the parameters of electric power that unit is exported can obtain the good tracking of operation of power networks parameter with synchronously by inverter;
Four, has security of operation security function very reliably;
Five, whole machine installation is convenient;
Six, using scope is extensive, as: river course, intermountain waterfall, hydropower station tail water etc., can also make the different high or low powers of suitable environmental conditions and the propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit of physical dimension according to the geographical hydraulics of reality;
Seven, need not to invest the water resource infrastructure construction, save expenses such as a large amount of financial funds and immigrant, also can natural landscape and ecotope not damaged;
Eight, take care of the pence, minimum one-tenth is big, have in the rivers,lakes and seas of mobile current and all can obtain the canonical parameter electric energy as long as the technology of the present invention is positioned over be not suitable for the large medium-size station construction any, finally make the human very objective renewable power resource of total amount that obtains.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention system schematic.
Fig. 2 is propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit scheme of installation among the present invention;
Wherein, (a) be the side view that propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit places the river course; (b) be the front view that propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit places the river course; (c) be the rear view of propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit afterbody end.
Fig. 3 is bindiny mechanism's schematic representation of preposition propeller cavitation among the present invention and rotating spindle.
Fig. 4 is an inverter structure schematic representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment has provided detailed mode of execution and process being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment comprises: propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit 1, motor out connector 2, inverter 3, inverter out connector 4, auxiliary cicuit module 5, damping loads 6, parameters of electric power sensing module 7, wherein:
The output interface of propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit 1 is connected with the input port of motor out connector 2, the output port of motor out connector 2 is connected with the input interface of inverter 3, the output interface of inverter 3 is connected with the input port of inverter out connector 4, the output port of inverter out connector 4 is connected with electrical network, and the control input interface of inverter 3 is connected with parameters of electric power sensing module 7 output interfaces; The output interface of propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit 1 is connected with damping loads 6 input interfaces simultaneously; First output interface of auxiliary cicuit module 5 is connected with the control signal input port of motor out connector 2, second output interface of auxiliary cicuit module 5 is connected with the control signal input port of inverter out connector 4, the 3rd output interface of auxiliary cicuit module 5 is connected with the control signal input interface of damping loads 6, and the input interface of auxiliary cicuit module 5 is connected with parameters of electric power sensing module 7 output interfaces.
As shown in Figure 2, described propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit, comprise: propeller water turbine 16, hydraulic turbine generator 17, generator fixed support 18 and cylinder blanket 19, wherein: the rotating spindle of propeller water turbine 16 is connected with the rotating spindle of hydraulic turbine generator 17, propeller water turbine 16 and hydraulic turbine generator 17 are installed in the cylinder blanket 19 by the generator fixed support, propeller water turbine 16 is in the front portion of cylinder blanket 19, and hydraulic turbine generator 17 is in the rear portion of cylinder blanket 19; When propeller water turbine 16 rotates, drive the rotation of generator amature for as the active moment of hydraulic turbine generator the rotating spindle of hydraulic turbine generator 17 by the rotating spindle transmission in the moment of rotation that its axle head produced.
Described propeller water turbine 16, its rotating spindle is connected by the rotating spindle of flange plate with hydraulic turbine generator 17, and both rotating spindle joints are propeller water turbine torque output terminal, also are the torque input ends of hydraulic turbine generator.
Described cylinder blanket 19, it is used for fixing propeller water turbine 16 and hydraulic turbine generator 17, can improve simultaneously the hydraulic characteristic of propeller water turbine 16, current outside the working flow of feasible propeller water turbine 16 each blade of flowing through and the cylinder blanket 19 are isolated, guarantee to flow through current behind each blade along the axial flow of unit, play the rectified action that current flow out, avoided the interference of the turbulent flow of unit water outlet end and Karman vortex street, therefore can obviously improve the hydraulic energy conversion efficiency main screw 20 vacuum side of blade pressure.
As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, described propeller water turbine 16, comprise: main screw 20, preposition propeller cavitation 21, rotating spindle 22, wherein, be provided with a bulge loop 23 in the oar axle of preposition propeller cavitation 21, the front end of rotating spindle 22 is provided with a scrobicular ring 24, preposition propeller cavitation 21 is meshed with the scrobicular ring 24 of rotating spindle 22 by bulge loop 23, preposition propeller cavitation 21 can rotate freely at an end of rotating spindle 22, be provided with main screw 20 after the preposition propeller cavitation 21, main screw 20 is fastenedly connected with rotating spindle 22, constitute one, when main screw 20 is subjected to the hydro-flow thrust effect and when rotating, drives with rotating spindle 22 and rotate;
Described hydraulic turbine generator 17, it is the synchronous submersible electric generator of Thee-phase alternating current permanent-magnetic, technical characteristics is as follows: 1. three phase winding A-X, B-Y, C-Z placed respectively along round being separated by 120 ° in the stator iron core; 2. rotor iron core is a permanent magnet; 3. band protects the water-stop overcoat, guarantees generator under the diving working state, and motor internal can not intake, and the output interface of hydraulic turbine generator is the output interface of propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit.
Described main screw 20, the diameter of its diameter and preposition propeller cavitation 21 is 1000mm.
Described hydraulic turbine generator 17, its maximum electromotive power output 200kW.
Described motor out connector 2, it is propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit 1 output electric energy and the derailing switch that is connected of inverter 4, constitute the three-phase passage by three electronic power switch devices, utilize the soft switching characteristic of electronic power switch device to realize that the no-voltage of the three-phase electric energy process of circulation opens the function with zero-current switching.
Described inverter out connector 3, i.e. the derailing switch that is connected of inverter 4 and electrical network, its internal structure is identical with motor out connector 2.
The electronic power switch device that described motor out connector 2, itself and inverter are exported in the device 4 in succession all adopts IGBT, and the basic parameter of each IGBT is maximum operating currenbt 450A, maximum working voltage 500V;
As shown in Figure 4, described inverter 3, comprise: inverter input interface 8, three-phase commutation bridge 9, input filter 10, three phase inverter bridge 11, output filter 12, control module 13, drive isolation module 14, inverter output interface 15, annexation is as follows: inverter input interface 8 is connected with the input port of three-phase commutation bridge 9, the output port of three-phase commutation bridge 9 is connected with the input port of input filter 10, the output port of input filter 10 is connected with the input port of three phase inverter bridge 11, the output port of three phase inverter bridge 11 is connected with the input port of output filter 12, and the output port of output filter 12 is connected with the input port of inverter output interface 15; The control signal input port of three phase inverter bridge 11 is connected with the output port that drives isolation module 14, the input port that drives isolation module 14 is connected with the output port of control module 13, and the input port of control module 13 is that the control input interface of inverter 3 is connected with the output interface of parameters of electric power sensing module 7.
Described three phase inverter bridge 11, it adopts the integrated IPM module of power electronics, single-phase maximum current output 400A.
Described control module 13, comprise: inversion control analog-digital converter and SPWM maker, the input port of inversion control analog-digital converter is the input interface of control module, be connected with the output port of parameters of electric power sensing module, the input port of inversion control analog-digital converter has 6 analogue signal input channels, be used for accepting respectively electric parameter signal from voltage in three phases and current sensor, the inversion control analog-digital converter comprises 6 A/D submodules, 6 road input signals carry out analog-to-digital conversion respectively, the output port of inversion control analog-digital converter is connected with the input port of SPWM maker, the output port of SPWM maker is the output port of control module, the SPWM maker is responsible for generating the SPWM signal, and the SPWM signal is the sinusoidal wave pulse modulation signal.
Described control module 13, its acp chip adopts the TMS320LF2407A dsp chip, for output performance the different inverters 3 that require is arranged, and only needs software is made amendment and can be met the demands.
Described inverter 4, its inversion process is as follows: the threephase AC that hydraulic turbine generator sends through the inverter input interface enter the three-phase commutation bridge rectification and carry out filtering by input filter convert direct current to after, send into three phase inverter bridge; Meanwhile, the input port of control module receives three-phase voltage and the current sensor output signal from the parameters of electric power sensing module, three-phase voltage and current sensor signal 6 A/D submodules in control module convert digital signal to, send into the SPWM maker, the SPWM maker can be determined the three-phase SPWM signal output of the particular form of tracking electrical network basic parameter synchronously according to the electrical network basic parameter information (as: voltage magnitude, effective value, frequency and phase place etc.) that digital signal provided of electrical network three-phase voltage and electric current; Three-phase SPWM signal is transported to the input port that drives isolation module, after the optical coupling pipe of the isolation module of overdriving is isolated, exports the inversion waveform and the characteristic of the control signal input port control three-phase power of three phase inverter bridge to; Three-phase power is promptly converted to the 50Hz threephase AC of standard by copped wave through three phase inverter bridge, behind output filter filtering harmonic wave, export to load or the operation that is connected to the grid, this working procedure of inverter abbreviates AC-DC-AC as, i.e. interchange-AC/DC conversion.Control module guarantees that all the time the output power parameter of inverter has the output voltage of standard, frequency and the locking phase when being incorporated into the power networks, as: when being incorporated into the power networks, the real-time detection of grid Operational Limits of control module, according to the real-time parameter of electrical network, determine that control decision to three phase inverter bridge is so that reach its output voltage, frequency and phase place following synchronously the operation of power networks parameter.
Described damping loads 6, comprise: three bidirectional thyristors and three water resistances, each bidirectional thyristor and a water resistance constitute a single-phase damping loads, three bidirectional thyristors and three water resistances constitute three single-phase damping loads respectively, three input terminations of three bidirectional thyristors are as the input interface of damping loads, the output termination of three bidirectional thyristors is connected with the input termination of three water resistances respectively, and the control signal input termination of three bidirectional thyristors is as three control signal input interfaces of damping loads.
Described damping loads 6, three bidirectional thyristor basic parameters wherein are maximum operating currenbt 500A, maximum working voltage 500V;
Described water resistance, it assigns two electrodes being equipped with on container of water, with water as electric conductor, utilize the electric conductivity of water bad, waiting with salt, sulfur waste acid in water increases its electric conductivity to have formed the electric conductor of little, a suitable heavy-current discharge of resistance, can carry out electrolysis to water after the solution in the water resistance feeds electric current, consuming a large amount of electric energy, therefore it can play resistance wire the effect that can not play, can not take place seriously to generate heat and burn.
Described auxiliary cicuit module 5, comprise: assist control analog-digital converter and data processing system, the input port of assist control analog-digital converter is as the input interface of auxiliary cicuit module, be connected with the output port of parameters of electric power sensing module, the input port of assist control analog-digital converter has 6 analogue signal input channels, the assist control analog-digital converter comprises 6 A/D submodules, be used for accepting respectively electric parameter signal from electrical network voltage in three phases and current sensor, the output port of assist control analog-digital converter is connected with the input interface of data processing system, the output interface of data processing system is the output interface of auxiliary cicuit module, after the assist control analog-digital converter was transported to data processing system with the electric parameter digital signal, data processing system was according to the three-phase voltage of electrical network, information such as the zero passage moment of the characteristic parameter of electric current and voltage and electric current are done following processing respectively:
Control opening or turn-offing of motor out connector 2: as long as auxiliary cicuit module 5 is not sent to damping loads 6 and gone code, motor out connector 2 is in opening state all the time; In case auxiliary cicuit module 5 is sent to damping loads 6 and is gone code, meanwhile, auxiliary cicuit module 5 also sends to motor out connector 2 and opens instruction, in other words, when damping loads 6 inserted the output of hydraulic turbine generator three-phase, motor out connector 2 was turned off simultaneously, and this moment, damping loads 6 became unique output loading of hydraulic turbine generator, otherwise motor out connector 2 keeps or the recovery opening state;
Control inverter out connector 4: when inverter output power electric parameter and electrical network electric parameter reach synchronous tracking, open inverter out connector 4, otherwise turn-off inverter out connector 4;
The access or the disconnection of control damping loads 6: when inverter out connector 4 is converted to off state from opening state, when motor out connector 2 is in off state simultaneously, trigger the three-phase bidirectional thyristor conducting in the damping loads 6, make each the single-phase damping loads in the damping loads 6 be in access state, directly become the threephase load of hydraulic turbine generator; Otherwise, be in off state between the output interface of control damping loads 6 and propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit 1.
The opening or turn-offing of motor out connector 2 and inverter out connector 4, and the access of damping loads 6 or disconnection, state relation wherein further sees table:
| Operating states of the units | The motor out connector | The inverter out connector | Damping loads |
| Cold start-up | Open-minded | Turn-off | Disconnect |
| Enter operation | Open-minded | Open-minded | Disconnect |
| Break away from electrical network | Turn-off | Turn-off | Insert |
| Restart | Open-minded | Turn-off | Disconnect |
| Reenter operation | Open-minded | Open-minded | Disconnect |
Described auxiliary cicuit module 5, data processing system wherein also has generated energy calculating and information data shows and communication function, wherein, it also is the electrical network electric parameter that obtains according to the parameters of electric power sensing module that generated energy calculates, be that the characteristic parameter of three-phase voltage, electric current and the zero passage of voltage and electric current are obtained three-phase voltage, current effective value, power factor constantly, thereby obtain the active power of output of local unit, calculate the electric energy total amount that this unit is carried to electrical network according to unit operation time continuous integration again; Information data shows it is that VGA interface by data processing system is connected with the input interface of liquid crystal display panel, utilize the electric parameter display software of establishment in advance, realizes the real-time demonstration on the terminal liquid crystal display panel at the scene of data such as three-phase voltage effective value, current effective value, power factor and electric energy total amount that free style electric generating apparatus of river water stream of the present invention exports; Communication function is that the RS232 serial line interface by data processing system is achieved, and is specific as follows:
The first, the RS232 serial line interface of data processing system is connected with the RS232 serial line interface of notebook computer or embedded system, realizes the generating output parameter of this device and the data communication of notebook computer or embedded system;
The second, the RS232 serial line interface is connected with the RS232 serial line interface of the remote terminal GPRS module of GPRS remote monitoring, the data interaction of the generating output parameter of implement device and GPRS remote monitoring center and tour terminal thereof.
Described GPRS long distance control system, comprise: transmit/receive antenna, GPRS serving GPRS support node, GPRS backbone network, gateway support node, internet, road network monitoring central server and terminal GPRS module, wherein, GPRS is the abbreviation of GPRS, is a kind of communication technology between the second generation and the third generation.GPRS adopts frequency range, frequency bandwidth, burst structure, wireless-modulated standard, frequency modulation rule and the identical TD-MA frame structure identical with the logical cordless communication network GSM of numeral.The GPRS long distance control system is introduced two new network nodes on the logical cordless communication network GSM basis of original numeral: GPRS serving GPRS support node and gateway support node, GPRS serving GPRS support node track terminal storage unit realizes Safety function and Access Control, and be connected to base station system by frame relay, gateway support node is supported the intercommunication with external packet-switched networks, and is communicated with via GPRS backbone network and GPRS serving GPRS support node.The GPRS terminal obtains data by interface from client (signal processor the present embodiment), GPRS grouped data after the processing sends to the GSM base station, grouped data is after the encapsulation of GPRS serving GPRS support node, support that by GPRS backbone network and gateway contact communicates, gateway support node is handled accordingly to grouped data, re-sends to the purpose network.If grouped data is to send to another GPRS terminal, then generally data are sent to the GPRS serving GPRS support node by the GPRS backbone network, send to the GPRS terminal through transmit/receive antenna again, therefore constitute complete GPRS long distance control system.
Described terminal GPRS module comprises single-chip microcomputer, GPRS chip, SIM, external interface and growth data storage.Wherein, single-chip microcomputer is supported ICP/IP protocol, is used to control the information reception of GPRS chip and send, and carries out data communication by standard RS232 serial ports and peripheral control unit (data processing system in the present embodiment), realize interrupting with software simultaneously, transmit to finish data.
Therefore, free style electric generating apparatus of river water stream can be realized unattended full-automatic generator operation by the data processing system data communication function in the auxiliary cicuit module in the present embodiment.
The working procedure of present embodiment is as follows:
The propeller water turbine 16 of propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit 1 is faced the flow velocity direction of current, be connected with the pile on riverbank, regulate the length of cable wire, its integral body is slipped in the streamflow by cable wire; When the preposition propeller cavitation 21 of streamflow from propeller water turbine 16, the front end that is cylinder blanket 19 flows into, pass through main screw 20 and hydraulic turbine generator 17 successively after, when flowing out from the rear end of cylinder blanket 19, main screw 20 is converted to hydraulic energy the moment of rotation of main screw 20 and rotating spindle 22 under effective promotion of current; The torque of main screw 20 outputs is by driving the rotation of hydraulic turbine generator 17 rotors simultaneously with Axile connection structure; Therefore the rotation cutting stator iron core magnetic line of force of hydraulic turbine generator 17 rotors produces induction electromotive force at stator coil, and promptly the output interface at hydraulic turbine generator 17 forms three-phase ac power output;
Three-phase ac power exports inverter 3 to, control module 13 in the inverter 3 is determined output voltage, frequency and the phase number of three phase inverter bridge 11 according to the detection information of electrical network parameter, realize of the synchronous tracking of hydraulic turbine generator 17 output power parameters to electrical network parameter, and under the decision-making of auxiliary cicuit module 5, control inverter out connector 4 open-minded; In case occur: the anomaly of electrical network or load, auxiliary cicuit module 5 is by detection and judgement to three voltages, current sensor output signal, whether decision-making in real time makes inverter out connector 4 and motor out connector 2 be in off state immediately, and inserts damping loads 6 and limit the excessive speeds of propeller water turbine 16 and avoid the unloaded high voltage of hydraulic turbine generator 17 to cause infringement to motor;
Install in service, VGA interface by the data processing system in the auxiliary cicuit module 5 be connected with the input interface of liquid crystal display panel, utilize the electric parameter display software of establishment in advance, realizes the real-time demonstration on the terminal liquid crystal display panel at the scene of data such as three-phase voltage effective value, current effective value, power factor and electric energy total amount that free style electric generating apparatus of river water stream of the present invention exports; Simultaneously, the RS232 serial line interface of the terminal GPRS module in the RS232 serial line interface by the data processing system in the auxiliary cicuit module 5 and the GPRS long distance control system is connected, realize the generating output parameter with the GPRS remote monitoring center and make an inspection tour the data interaction of terminal, make GPRS remote monitoring center and make an inspection tour terminal and can understand in real time with grasp present embodiment device and be distributed in everywhere generator operation situation.
The actual implementation result of present embodiment:
The first, the present embodiment propeller water turbine has been set up preposition propeller cavitation and is made water inlet water conservancy diversion angle be in the optimum state, and adopt the water outlet of cylinder blanket guiding afterbody to overcome the interference of water turbulence and Karman vortex street to main screw vacuum side of blade pressure, therefore can obviously improve the hydraulic energy conversion efficiency, experimental result confirms: the water power conversion efficiency reaches 95%;
The second, insert the restriction of the method realization of damping loads, show the validity of the simplification arrangements for speed regulation of propeller water turbine the propeller water turbine excessive speeds;
Three, inverter can effectively be eliminated output harmonic wave when realizing that propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit output power parameter is well followed the tracks of the operation of power networks parameter;
Four, unit operation safety, reliable;
Five, whole machine installation is convenient;
Six, realize terminal unmanned and remote real-time monitoring function.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of free style electric generating apparatus of river water stream, it is characterized in that, comprise: propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit, the motor out connector, inverter, the inversion out connector, the auxiliary cicuit module, damping loads, the parameters of electric power sensing module, the output interface of propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit is connected with the input port of motor out connector, the output port of motor out connector is connected with the input interface of inverter, the output interface of inverter is connected with the input port of inverter out connector, the output port of inverter out connector is connected with electrical network, and the control input interface of inverter is connected with parameters of electric power sensing module output interface; The output interface of propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit is connected with the damping loads input interface simultaneously; First output interface of auxiliary cicuit module is connected with the control signal input port of motor out connector, second output interface of auxiliary cicuit module is connected with the control signal input port of inverter out connector, the 3rd output interface of auxiliary cicuit module is connected with the control signal input interface of damping loads, the input interface of auxiliary cicuit module is connected with parameters of electric power sensing module output interface, and the input interface of parameters of electric power sensing module is connected with electrical network.
2, free style electric generating apparatus of river water stream according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit, comprise: propeller water turbine, hydraulic turbine generator, generator fixed support and cylinder blanket, wherein: the rotating spindle of propeller water turbine is connected with the rotating spindle of hydraulic turbine generator, propeller water turbine and hydraulic turbine generator are installed in the cylinder blanket by the generator fixed support, propeller water turbine is in the front portion in the cylinder blanket, and hydraulic turbine generator is in the rear portion of cylinder blanket.
3, free style electric generating apparatus of river water stream according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described propeller water turbine, comprise: main screw, preposition propeller cavitation, rotating spindle, wherein, be provided with a bulge loop in the oar axle of preposition propeller cavitation, the front end of rotating spindle is provided with a scrobicular ring, preposition propeller cavitation is meshed with the scrobicular ring of rotating spindle by bulge loop, preposition propeller cavitation can rotate freely at an end of rotating spindle, is provided with main screw after the preposition propeller cavitation, and main screw and rotating spindle are fastenedly connected, constitute one, when main screw is subjected to the hydro-flow thrust effect and when rotating, drives and rotate with rotating spindle.
4, free style electric generating apparatus of river water stream according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described motor out connector, be meant the derailing switch that is connected of propeller cavitation hydraulic generator unit output electric energy and inverter, constitute the three-phase passage by three electronic power switch devices, utilize the soft switching characteristic of electronic power switch device to realize that the no-voltage of the three-phase electric energy process of circulation opens the function with zero-current switching; The inverter out connector is as the be connected derailing switch of inverter with electrical network, and its internal structure is identical with the motor out connector.
5, free style electric generating apparatus of river water stream according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described inverter, comprise: the inverter input interface, three-phase commutation bridge, input filter, three phase inverter bridge, output filter, control module, drive isolation module, the inverter output interface, wherein: the output port of inverter input interface is connected with the input port of three-phase commutation bridge, the output port of three-phase commutation bridge is connected with the input port of input filter, the output port of input filter is connected with the input port of three phase inverter bridge, the output port of three phase inverter bridge is connected with the input port of output filter, and the output port of output filter is connected with the input port of inverter output interface; The control signal input port of three phase inverter bridge is connected with the output port that drives isolation module, the input port that drives isolation module is connected with the output port of control module, and the input port of control module is that the control input interface of inverter is connected with the output interface of parameters of electric power sensing module.
6, free style electric generating apparatus of river water stream according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described control module, comprise: inversion control analog-digital converter and SPWM maker, the input port of inversion control analog-digital converter is the input interface of control module, be connected with the output port of parameters of electric power sensing module, the input port of inversion control analog-digital converter has 6 analogue signal input channels, be used for accepting respectively electric parameter signal from voltage in three phases and current sensor, the inversion control analog-digital converter comprises 6 A/D submodules, 6 road input signals carry out analog-to-digital conversion respectively, the output port of inversion control analog-digital converter is connected with the input port of SPWM maker, the output port of SPWM maker is the output port of control module, the SPWM maker is responsible for generating the SPWM signal, and the SPWM signal is the sinusoidal wave pulse modulation signal.
7, free style electric generating apparatus of river water stream according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described damping loads, comprise: three bidirectional thyristors and three water resistances, each bidirectional thyristor and a water resistance constitute a single-phase damping loads, three bidirectional thyristors and three water resistances constitute three single-phase damping loads respectively, three input terminations of three bidirectional thyristors are as the input interface of damping loads, the output termination of three bidirectional thyristors is connected with the input termination of three water resistances respectively, and the control signal input termination of three bidirectional thyristors is as three control signal input interfaces of damping loads.
8, free style electric generating apparatus of river water stream according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described auxiliary cicuit module, comprise: assist control analog-digital converter and data processing system, the input port of assist control analog-digital converter is as the input interface of auxiliary cicuit module, be connected with the output port of parameters of electric power sensing module, the input port of assist control analog-digital converter has 6 analogue signal input channels, the assist control analog-digital converter comprises 6 A/D submodules, be used for accepting respectively electric parameter signal from electrical network voltage in three phases and current sensor, the output port of assist control analog-digital converter is connected with the input interface of data processing system, the output interface of data processing system is the output interface of auxiliary cicuit module, after the assist control analog-digital converter was transported to data processing system with the electric parameter digital signal, data processing system was according to the three-phase voltage of electrical network, the zero passage time information of the characteristic parameter of electric current and voltage and electric current is handled respectively.
9, according to claim 1 or 8 described free style electric generating apparatus of river water stream, it is characterized in that, described auxiliary cicuit module, digital processing unit wherein links to each other with the GPRS long distance control system, data interaction between generating output parameter in the realization system and device and the GPRS long distance control system realizes unattended full-automatic generator operation control by the GPRS long distance control system.
10, free style electric generating apparatus of river water stream according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described parameters of electric power sensing module, comprise: three voltage transducers and three current sensors, each voltage transducer and a current sensor detect each single-phase voltage and current signal respectively, and the output port of the output port of three voltage transducers and three current sensors is that the input port of the control module in the inverter, the input interface of auxiliary cicuit module are connected with the control input interface of inverter respectively.
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| CN101936249A (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2011-01-05 | 黄晋生 | Oscillating sea-wave power generation |
| CN102433864A (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-05-02 | 罗俊亚 | Hydrogen production hydropower station |
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| CN104935188A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-09-23 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Hydraulic turbine speed power external characteristic simulation device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101936249A (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2011-01-05 | 黄晋生 | Oscillating sea-wave power generation |
| CN102486153A (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2012-06-06 | 西安博昱新能源有限公司 | Liquid pipeline generating set |
| CN102433864A (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-05-02 | 罗俊亚 | Hydrogen production hydropower station |
| CN104935188A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-09-23 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Hydraulic turbine speed power external characteristic simulation device |
| WO2019061841A1 (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-04-04 | 河海大学 | Multi-stage tidal current energy water turbine based on real-time adjustable guide cover rotation angle |
| WO2019061839A1 (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-04-04 | 河海大学 | Tidal water turbine having energized rotary wheel |
| CN107941203A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-20 | 张建洲 | A kind of intellectual faculties and method |
| CN108252844A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-07-06 | 毛杰 | A kind of environmental hydroelectric power generating apparatus based on remote control |
| CN112530151A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-19 | 重庆中节能悦来能源管理有限公司 | Energy supply system capable of carrying out wireless monitoring |
| CN113653687A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-11-16 | 天津科技大学 | Energy conversion module and rotary hydraulic converter thereof |
| CN113653687B (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2023-09-22 | 天津科技大学 | Energy conversion module and rotary hydraulic converter thereof |
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| CN101413472B (en) | 2010-09-29 |
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