CN111894806B - Wind energy and tidal current energy coupling power generation method and system based on offshore horizontal axis wind turbine platform - Google Patents
Wind energy and tidal current energy coupling power generation method and system based on offshore horizontal axis wind turbine platform Download PDFInfo
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- CN111894806B CN111894806B CN202010663430.7A CN202010663430A CN111894806B CN 111894806 B CN111894806 B CN 111894806B CN 202010663430 A CN202010663430 A CN 202010663430A CN 111894806 B CN111894806 B CN 111894806B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/008—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with water energy converters, e.g. a water turbine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
- F03B3/121—Blades, their form or construction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/16—Stators
- F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
- F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0264—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for stopping; controlling in emergency situations
- F03D7/0268—Parking or storm protection
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
- F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
Abstract
The invention provides a wind energy and tidal current energy coupling power generation method and system based on an offshore horizontal axis wind turbine platform, which monitors and collects the active power of a wind generating set in a wind power generation platform in real time; calculating the difference between the active power of the wind generating set and the rated power of the wind generating set; the running state and the power output of the tidal current energy power generation unit are controlled according to the capacity difference signal obtained by calculation, and wind-tide coupling power generation is realized; the offshore wind power and tidal current energy coupling power generation system is constructed by taking the existing offshore wind power generation platform as a basis, fully utilizing the existing power transmission and transmission equipment of offshore wind power, integrating tidal current energy power generation and wind power, filling up the shortage of the offshore wind capacity through tidal current energy power generation, compensating wind power fluctuation by combining a wind and tide coupling control strategy, improving the comprehensive utilization rate of offshore renewable energy sources and the reliability of the power generation system with low construction cost and improving the economic benefit of the whole power generation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of offshore wind energy and tidal current energy combined power generation, and particularly relates to a wind energy and tidal current energy coupled power generation method and system based on an offshore horizontal axis wind turbine platform.
Background
The ocean covers seventy percent of the earth's surface, containing tremendous amounts of energy. The offshore energy is clean renewable energy which can be directly utilized by people in ocean energy, is scientifically developed, and has important strategic significance for relieving energy crisis, reducing environmental pollution and adjusting energy structure. At present, due to the limitation of technical conditions, offshore renewable energy sources with development and utilization values mainly comprise wind energy, tidal current energy and wave energy. Compared with other offshore energy utilization technologies, the offshore wind power generation technology has earlier research and development start, is mature at present, and is stepped into the stages of large-scale development and commercial operation and grid connection; with the continuous and deep research of corresponding theories and experiments, the power generation technologies of offshore tides, tidal current energy, wave energy and the like also make great progress in recent years, and are gradually developed to the processes of demonstration operation and large-scale development.
At present, the development mode of the offshore renewable energy sources tends to be single and specialized, that is, in a specific sea area, only a single form of energy is usually captured and converted and utilized, and an offshore wind power plant is the most typical application case. However, when the single energy source of offshore wind power is used alone for power generation, some bottleneck problems inevitably occur. Firstly, because the formation of high-quality sea wind has certain seasons and timeliness, the output power of the wind turbine set in a small wind speed period is far lower than the designed rated power, and the utilization rate of the existing assets and resources is reduced. Moreover, because wind energy has volatility in a time domain and the change of turbulence intensity of the wind energy is difficult to predict accurately, the output volatility of the wind turbine generator set is large, the voltage stability and the power balance of a land power grid are directly influenced after the wind turbine generator set is connected into the power grid, the grid connection difficulty and the power limitation condition often occur, and the waste of the productivity and the investment of wind power equipment is caused.
To solve the above problems, an offshore wind energy combined with other renewable energy cogeneration system is attracting attention. For example, the utility model discloses a 201320488987.7 application date is 2013.08.12 grant date is 2014.03.26's utility model discloses a wind energy and tidal current energy combined power generation device, its offshore wind power generation device chooses the horizontal axis wind turbine more commonly used, tidal current energy power generation device is the vertical axis impeller type that is fixed in on the wind turbine single pile, its whole submergence is below the sea, the two uses same set of transmission system in the design, the unstability of wind power generation has effectively been remedied, development cost has been reduced, and the renewable energy utilization ratio in sea area has been improved. However, the utility model is heavily focused on conceptual design to a great extent, and has certain difficulty in the engineering realization at the present stage. Generally, the layer section of the megawatt offshore wind turbine single-pile tower drum with the diameter below the sea surface is at least 5 meters, and if a vertical shaft impeller type tidal current energy generator is sleeved on the section of the single-pile tower drum, the size and the appearance of the generator become large correspondingly, and the self-starting difficulty is increased to a certain extent; simultaneously, the vertical axis trend machine set form on fan major diameter tower section, trend can the sea water of generator seal and anticorrosive method, be the difficult problem that awaits solution under actual conditions. Therefore, the characteristics of offshore wind fields and offshore wind power equipment are fully considered, the existing technical resources of tidal current energy power generation are integrated, and offshore wind energy and tidal current energy are fused for combined power generation, so that the utilization rate of renewable energy resources, the power output stability and the return on investment of the whole offshore wind field are improved, and the method becomes one of important research directions of the existing offshore renewable energy comprehensive power generation system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wind energy and tidal current energy coupling power generation method and system based on an offshore horizontal axis wind turbine platform, which improve the comprehensive utilization rate of renewable energy in the existing target sea area and make up for the defect of output stability of the existing single wind power generation system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a wind energy and tidal current energy coupling power generation method based on an offshore horizontal shaft wind turbine platform, which comprises the following steps of:
monitoring and collecting active power output by a wind generating set in a wind power generation platform in real time;
calculating the capacity difference between the active power output by the wind generating set and the rated power of the wind generating set;
controlling the running state and the output power of the tidal current energy power generation unit according to the calculated capacity difference;
the tidal current energy power generation unit is arranged on the sea surface in a floating manner and is connected with a single-pile supporting tower barrel in the wind power generation platform; meanwhile, the electric energy generated by the tidal current energy power generation unit is transmitted to a wind turbine generator side transformer in the wind power generation platform.
Preferably, when the sea surface wind speed is lower than the cut-in wind speed of the wind turbine, the impeller of the wind turbine is in a stop state, and the wind generating set does not output power, the tidal current energy generating unit is controlled to output electric energy at a rated power;
when the sea surface wind speed is greater than the cut-in wind speed of the wind turbine and less than the rated wind speed, the impeller of the wind turbine starts to rotate, the wind turbine generator set starts to be connected to the grid for power generation, and the active power of the wind turbine generator set is lower than the rated power of the wind turbine generator set, the power output of the tidal current energy power generation unit is controlled according to the capacity shortage between the active power and the rated power of the wind turbine generator set;
when the sea surface wind speed is greater than the rated wind speed of the wind turbine and less than the cut-out wind speed, the wind generating set operates at the rated power, and the tidal current energy generating unit is controlled to stop operating and generating electricity;
and when the sea surface wind speed is higher than the cut-out wind speed of the wind turbine and the wind generating set stops power output, controlling the tidal current energy generating unit to output electric energy at rated power.
Preferably, the tidal current energy power generation unit is provided with a plurality of tidal current energy power generation subsystems which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the single-pile support tower; the tidal current energy power generation subsystem comprises a circular hull, an inflatable floating body, a sealed cabin, a tidal current energy generator, a vertical axis water turbine and a flow guide cover, wherein the inflatable floating body is sleeved on the outer ring at the bottom of the circular hull; a sealed cabin is arranged on the deck of the circular hull; a hundred kilowatt-level tidal current energy generator is installed in the sealed cabin, and a rotor of the tidal current energy generator is connected with the vertical axis water turbine;
the bottom of the circular hull is provided with a pair of flow guide covers, and the vertical axis water turbine is arranged in a cavity formed by the flow guide covers;
and the electric energy output end of the tidal current energy generator is connected with a wind and tide combined power generation coupling control unit.
Preferably, the wind-tide combined power generation coupling control unit comprises a wind turbine active power monitor, a comparator, a control module and a tidal current energy power generation full-power frequency converter, wherein the electric energy output end of the tidal current energy generator is connected with the tidal current energy power generation full-power frequency converter, and the output end of the tidal current energy power generation full-power frequency converter is connected with the electric energy input end of a transformer at the side of the wind turbine generator;
the wind turbine active power monitor is used for collecting an active power value output by the wind turbine generator set and transmitting the active power value to the comparator;
the comparator is used for calculating a capacity difference between the active power value and the rated power of the wind generating set to obtain a capacity difference signal, and the capacity difference signal is output to the control module;
the control module is used for controlling the running state and the output power of the tidal current energy generator according to the received capacity difference signal.
A wind energy and tidal current energy coupling power generation system based on an offshore horizontal axis wind turbine platform comprises a wind power generation platform, a tidal current energy power generation unit and a wind and tide combined power generation coupling control unit; the tidal current energy power generation unit is arranged on the sea surface in a floating manner and is connected with a single-pile supporting tower barrel in the wind power generation platform; meanwhile, the electric energy output end of the tidal current energy power generation unit is connected with the input end of a wind turbine generator side transformer in the wind power generation platform through a wind-tide combined power generation coupling control unit;
electric energy output by the transformer at the wind turbine generator side is transmitted to a land booster station through a submarine cable in the wind power generation platform and is connected to the grid;
the wind and tide combined power generation coupling control unit is used for collecting active power output by a wind generating set in the wind power generation platform and controlling the running state and the output power of the tide energy power generation unit according to the collected active power.
Preferably, the tidal current energy power generation unit is provided with a plurality of tidal current energy power generation subsystems which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the single-pile support tower;
the tidal current energy power generation subsystem comprises a circular hull, an inflatable floating body, a sealed cabin, a tidal current energy generator, a vertical axis water turbine and a flow guide cover, wherein the inflatable floating body is sleeved on the outer ring at the bottom of the circular hull; a sealed cabin is arranged on the deck of the circular hull; a hundred kilowatt grade tidal current energy generator is installed in the sealed cabin, and a rotor of the tidal current energy generator is connected with a vertical shaft water turbine;
the bottom of the circular hull is provided with a pair of flow guide covers, and the vertical axis water turbine is arranged in a cavity formed by the flow guide covers;
and the electric energy output end of the tidal current energy generator is connected with a wind and tide combined power generation coupling control unit.
Preferably, the vertical axis water turbine includes a rotating main shaft, a plurality of lift type straight blades and blade support beams, wherein the lift type straight blades are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating main shaft and are connected with the rotating main shaft through the blade support beams.
Preferably, the wind-tide combined power generation coupling control unit comprises a wind turbine active power monitor, a comparator, a control module and a tidal current energy power generation full-power frequency converter, wherein the electric energy output end of the tidal current energy generator is connected with the tidal current energy power generation full-power frequency converter, and the output end of the tidal current energy power generation full-power frequency converter is connected with the electric energy input end of a transformer at the side of the wind turbine generator;
the wind turbine active power monitor is used for collecting an active power value output by the wind turbine generator set and transmitting the active power value to the comparator;
the comparator is used for calculating a capacity difference between the active power value and the rated power of the wind generating set to obtain a capacity difference signal, and the capacity difference signal is output to the control module;
the control module is used for controlling the running state and the output power of the tidal current energy generator according to the received capacity difference signal.
Preferably, the tidal current energy power generation unit is connected with a single-pile supporting tower barrel in the wind power generation platform through a tidal current linking unit.
Preferably, the wind tide link unit comprises a first fixed structure component, an annular structure connecting frame, a first displacement spring, a connecting pipe, a second displacement spring and a second fixed structure component, wherein the annular structure connecting frame is sleeved on a single pile support tower; the first fixed structure components are arranged in a plurality and are arranged along the circumferential direction of the annular structure connecting frame; the inner end of the first fixed structure component is fixed on the annular structure connecting frame; the outer end of the first fixed structure assembly is connected with one end of the connecting pipe through a first displacement spring, the other end of the connecting pipe is connected with one end of the second fixed structure assembly through a second displacement spring, and the other section of the second fixed structure assembly is fixed on the side wall of the circular hull of the tidal current energy power generation subsystem.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the wind energy and tidal current energy coupling power generation method and system based on the offshore horizontal axis wind turbine platform, on the basis of the existing offshore wind energy power generation platform, the existing power transmission and transmission equipment of offshore wind power is fully utilized, tidal current energy power generation and wind power generation are integrated, the undersea tidal current and the offshore wind energy are jointly generated, the comprehensive utilization rate of offshore renewable energy sources is effectively improved on the premise that a large number of marine constructions are not increased, and the economic and technical indexes of the whole power generation field are improved.
Furthermore, the tidal current energy source is regular and stable, and the defect of poor stability of offshore wind energy can be overcome; meanwhile, the coupling control strategy of the wind-tide combined power generation can utilize tide power generation to fill up the shortage of offshore wind capacity, compensate the fluctuation of wind power, enhance the reliability and output stability of the power generation system to a certain extent, enable the output power of the system to be smoother and improve the reliability of power output.
Furthermore, the blades of the tidal current energy water turbine adopt lift force type symmetrical wing sections, so that the structure is simple, the processing is easy, and the manufacturing cost is low; meanwhile, the vertical shaft impeller rotor can capture the incoming flow kinetic energy of tide from any direction, so that a complex yaw (to water) adjusting system is not required to be installed, and the integral structural design is simplified;
furthermore, the installation of the flow guide cover can play a role in gathering and accelerating flow, so that the power generation device can work in a sea area with lower flow velocity, and simultaneously effectively reduce the turbulence degree of an impeller flow field, and the system can run more stably;
furthermore, the tidal current energy generator is positioned in the cabin body of the floating carrier platform, so that the installation and maintenance are easy; the tidal current energy generator is not in direct contact with seawater, so that the corrosion of the marine environment to the unit can be effectively weakened, and the difficulty and cost of cabin sealing are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a tidal current energy generation subsystem according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a tide link unit according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a wind-tide combined power generation coupling control unit in the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to the attached drawing 1, the invention provides a wind energy and tidal current energy coupling power generation system based on an offshore horizontal axis wind turbine platform, which comprises a wind power generation platform 1, a tidal current energy power generation unit 2, a wind current link unit 3 and a wind current combined power generation coupling control unit 4, wherein the wind power generation platform 1 adopts a common offshore megawatt horizontal axis wind turbine set; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the wind power generation system comprises horizontal shaft fan blades 1-1, a wind generating set 1-2, a single-pile supporting tower barrel 1-3, a wind generator output end cable 1-4, a wind turbine full-power frequency converter 1-5, a wind generating set side transformer 1-6 and a submarine cable 1-7, wherein the wind generating set 1-2 is installed in a machine room at the top of the single-pile supporting tower barrel 1-3, and the bottom end of the single-pile supporting tower barrel 1-3 is fixed on a seabed.
The blades 1-1 of the horizontal-axis fan rotate under the action of wind power, and the rotating mechanical energy is transmitted to the wind generating set through the impeller main shaft and then converted into electric energy.
The electric energy output by the wind generating set 1-2 is rectified, filtered and inverted by a full-power frequency converter 1-5 of a wind turbine, boosted by a transformer 1-6 at the wind generating set side, output from the wind generating platform 1 through a submarine cable 1-7 and finally connected to a land booster station for grid connection.
The wind tide link unit 3 is sleeved on a single-pile supporting tower barrel 1-3 of the wind power generation platform 1; the tidal current energy power generation unit 2 is provided with three tidal current energy power generation subsystems; the tidal current energy power generation subsystem is in a sea surface floating form and is uniformly distributed around the single-pile supporting tower barrels 1-3 of the wind power generation platform 1 through the tidal current linking units 3; the tide link unit 3 is located above the sea surface.
The current output by the tidal current energy power generation unit 2 is converged with the current output by the wind generating set 1-2 through the wind and tide combined power generation coupling control unit 4, and is boosted through the transformer 1-6 at the wind generating set side, and then is accessed to a land boosting station for grid connection through the submarine cable 1-7 equipped on the wind generating platform 1.
The wind and tide combined power generation coupling control unit 4 is used for monitoring active power output by the rear ends of the full-power frequency converters 1-5 of the wind turbine, and further controlling starting (accessing) and stopping (cutting) of the tide energy power generation unit 2 and output power of the tide energy power generation unit.
Referring to fig. 2, the tidal current energy power generation subsystem adopts a vertical axis type; the tidal current energy power generation device comprises a circular ship body 2-1, an inflatable floating body 2-2, a sealed cabin 2-3, a tidal current energy power generator 2-4, a tidal current energy electric transmission line 2-5, a rotating main shaft 2-6, a lifting force type straight blade 2-7, a blade supporting beam 2-8 and a flow guide cover 2-9, wherein the inflatable floating body 2-2 is sleeved on the bottom outer ring of the circular ship body 2-1; a sealed cabin 2-3 is arranged on a deck of the circular ship body 2-1; the tidal current energy electric transmission line 2-5 comprises an electric energy transmission channel from the tidal current energy power generation subsystem to the wind power generation platform, and a feedback signal transmission channel from the wind power generation platform to the tidal current energy power generation subsystem.
A hundred kilowatt-level tidal current energy generator 2-4 is installed in the sealed cabin 2-3, and the tidal current energy generator 2-4 adopts a direct-drive permanent magnet low-rotation-speed generator. And the rotor of the tidal current energy generator 2-4 is connected with a rotating main shaft 2-6 of the vertical shaft water turbine.
Four lifting force type straight blades 2-7 are arranged and are arranged on the rotating main shaft 2-6 through blade supporting beams 2-8 to form the vertical shaft water turbine.
The lift type straight blades 2-7 are arranged in a space formed by a pair of (two) air guide hoods 2-9, and a gap is arranged between the inner wall of each air guide hood 2-9 and each lift type straight blade 2-7.
The pair of air guide sleeves 2-9 are vertically arranged at the bottom of the circular ship body 2-1; the pair of air guide sleeves 2-9 are designed to be symmetrical, and when the rising tide and the falling tide are alternately changed, the air guide sleeve inlet and the air guide sleeve outlet can be interchanged; the cross sections of the inflow port and the outflow port formed between the pair of air guide sleeves 2-9 are both vertical to the main flow direction of the fluctuation tide.
The inner walls of the air guide sleeves 2-9 are of wave structures, so that an inflow area formed by the two air guide sleeves 2-9 is of a gradually-reduced structure along the main flow direction; an outflow area formed by the two air guide sleeves 2-9 is of a gradually expanding structure along the main flow direction; the horizontal width of the narrowest part of the tapered and divergent structures is smaller than the diameter of the vertical water turbine.
The outer walls of the air guide sleeves 2-9 are of convex streamline structures.
The tidal current energy generator 2-4 converts the rotating mechanical energy of the lifting force type straight blades 2-7 into electric energy, and the output current of the tidal current energy generator is connected into the tidal current combined power generation coupling control unit 4 along the tidal current link unit 3 through an electric energy transmission channel in the tidal current energy electric transmission line 2-5.
Referring to fig. 3, the tidal linking unit 3 includes a first (tower-side) fixed structural component 3-1, a ring-shaped structural connection frame 3-2, a first (tower-side) displacement spring 3-3, a connection pipe 3-4, a second (tidal current side) displacement spring 3-5, and a second (tidal current side) fixed structural component 3-6 (shown in fig. 2).
The number of the first fixed structure assemblies 3-1 is three, and the three first fixed structure assemblies 3-1 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the annular structure connecting frame and fixed on the annular structure connecting frame 3-2.
The annular structure connecting frame 3-2 is sleeved on the single-pile supporting tower barrel 1-3 of the wind turbine.
The number of the first fixed structural components 3-1 is consistent with that of the tidal current energy generation subsystems. The first fixing structure assembly 3-1 is a cuboid structure, a first through hole and a second through hole are formed in the cuboid structure, and axes of the first through hole and the second through hole are perpendicular to each other. The first fixing structure assembly 3-1 is sleeved on the annular structure connecting frame 3-2 through a first through hole, and a tidal current energy electric transmission line 2-5 penetrates through the second through hole. The inner end of the first fixed structure component 3-1 extends into an inner cavity of the single-pile supporting tower barrel 1-3, a first displacement spring 3-3 is fixed at the outer end, and the other end of the first displacement spring 3-3 is connected with the tower barrel side end of the connecting pipe 3-4; the tide side end of the connecting pipe 3-4 is connected with a second displacement spring 3-5, and the other end of the second displacement spring 3-5 is fixed at the outer end of a second fixing structure component 3-6.
The first displacement spring 3-3 and the second displacement spring 3-5 can provide a certain displacement allowance for local shaking of the floating type tidal current energy power generation unit, and the whole tidal current link unit is prevented from being damaged.
The second fixed structure component 3-6 is a cuboid structure and is integrally fixed on the side wall of the round ship body 2-1. The second fixing structure component 3-6 is also provided with a through hole, and the tidal current energy electric transmission line 2-5 penetrates through the through hole.
The entire outer surfaces of the tidal current energy power generation unit 2 and the tidal current linking unit 3 are subjected to anticorrosion treatment, and the peripheries of all open pore structures are subjected to sealing waterproof treatment.
Referring to the attached figure 4, a wind and tide combined power generation coupling control unit 4 is integrally embedded between a full-power frequency converter 1-5 of a wind turbine and a side transformer 1-6 of a wind turbine generator, and the wind and tide combined power generation coupling control unit 4 comprises a wind turbine active power monitor 4-1, a comparator 4-2, a control module 4-3 and a tide energy power generation full-power frequency converter 4-4.
The wind turbine active power monitor 4-1 is used for monitoring and collecting power output of the rear end of the wind turbine full-power frequency converter 1-5 and transmitting the power value to the comparator 4-2;
the comparator 4-2 is used for calculating a capacity difference between the active power value of the wind turbine and the rated power of the transformer 1-6 at the side of the wind turbine (namely the rated power value of the wind turbine generator), obtaining a capacity difference signal and outputting the capacity difference signal to the control module 4-3;
and the control module 4-3 sends an instruction to the tidal current energy power generation unit through a feedback signal transmission channel in the tidal current energy electric transmission line 2-5 according to the received capacity difference signal, so as to control the running state and the output power of the tidal current energy generator 2-4.
When the tidal current energy generator 2-4 receives a starting instruction of the control module 4-3, the tidal current energy power generation subsystem operates and is in a power generation state, alternating current generated by the tidal current energy power generation subsystem is connected into the tidal current energy power generation full-power frequency converter 4-4 through an electric energy transmission channel in the tidal current energy electric transmission line 2-5, and electric energy output after rectification and inversion processing and electric energy output by the wind turbine full-power frequency converter 1-5 are converged into the wind turbine generator side transformer 1-6.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
(1) When the sea surface wind speed is lower than the cut-in wind speed of the wind turbine: the impeller of the wind turbine is in a stall state, and the wind driven generator has no power output; the wind-tide combined power generation coupling control unit controls the vertical axis water turbine to rotate under the action of sea current of horizontal movement, and the generated rotary mechanical energy drives the rotor of the tidal current energy generator to rotate through the main shaft to generate electric energy for output. The whole system is singly powered by the tidal current energy power generation subsystem.
(2) When the sea surface wind speed is greater than the cut-in wind speed of the wind turbine and is less than the rated wind speed at the same time: the impeller of the wind turbine starts to rotate, the wind generating set starts to be connected to the grid for generating electricity, however, the active power of the wind generating set is lower than the rated power, and the generating system has capacity shortage; the tidal current energy power generation subsystem continuously keeps an operation power generation state and is used for compensating wind power so as to fill up the shortage of offshore wind capacity, at the moment, the whole system is used for wind energy and tidal current energy combined power generation, the wind and tidal current combined power generation coupling control unit adjusts the power output of the tidal current energy power generation unit according to the shortage of wind power capacity on the basis of the actual output of the wind power generation unit, and the overload of an electric transmission system is avoided while the wind power is compensated.
(3) When the sea surface wind speed is greater than the rated wind speed of the wind turbine and is less than the cut-out wind speed: the wind driven generator is in a full-power state and operates at rated output power; the wind and tide combined power generation coupling control unit controls the tidal current energy power generation subsystem to stop generating power so as to prevent the overload of the electric transmission system caused by overlarge output power. The whole system generates electricity for wind energy singly.
(4) When the sea surface wind speed is higher than the cut-out wind speed of the wind turbine: the wind turbine impeller is retracted to brake, and the wind turbine generator set stops power output; and the tidal current combined power generation coupling control unit controls the tidal current energy power generation subsystem to be switched in again for starting operation. And at the moment, the whole system generates power singly for the tidal current energy power generation subsystem.
The above description is only a preferred guiding embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any persons skilled in the art can easily conceive of equivalent replacement of main components in the wind power generation platform, the tidal current energy power generation unit, the tidal current linking unit, and the similar replacement of main body control strategy in the tidal current combined power generation coupling control unit within the spirit, principle, and technical scope of the present invention, and shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A wind energy and tidal current energy coupling power generation system based on an offshore horizontal axis wind turbine platform is characterized by comprising a wind power generation platform (1), a tidal current energy power generation unit (2) and a wind and tidal combined power generation coupling control unit (4); the tidal current energy power generation unit (2) is arranged on the sea surface in a floating manner and is connected with a single-pile supporting tower barrel (1-3) in the wind power generation platform (1); meanwhile, the electric energy output end of the tidal current energy power generation unit (2) is connected with the input end of a wind turbine generator side transformer (1-6) in the wind power generation platform (1) through a wind and tide combined power generation coupling control unit (4);
electric energy output by the transformer (1-6) at the wind turbine generator side is transmitted to a land booster station through a submarine cable (1-7) in the wind power generation platform (1) and is connected to the grid;
the wind-tide combined power generation coupling control unit (4) is used for collecting active power output by a wind generating set (1-2) in the wind power generation platform (1) and controlling the running state and the output power of the tidal current energy power generation unit (2) according to the collected active power;
the tidal current energy power generation unit (2) is provided with a plurality of tidal current energy power generation subsystems which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the single-pile support tower barrels (1-3);
the tidal current energy power generation unit (2) is connected with a single-pile supporting tower barrel (1-3) in the wind power generation platform (1) through a tidal current linking unit (3);
the wind tide linkage unit (3) comprises a first fixed structure assembly (3-1), an annular structure connecting frame (3-2), a first displacement spring (3-3), a connecting pipe (3-4), a second displacement spring (3-5) and a second fixed structure assembly (3-6), wherein the annular structure connecting frame (3-2) is sleeved on the single-pile supporting tower barrel (1-3); the first fixed structure components (3-1) are arranged in plurality and are arranged along the circumferential direction of the annular structure connecting frame (3-2); the inner end of the first fixed structure component (3-1) is fixed on the annular structure connecting frame (3-2); the outer end of the first fixed structure assembly (3-1) is connected with one end of a connecting pipe (3-4) through a first displacement spring (3-3), the other end of the connecting pipe (3-4) is connected with one end of a second fixed structure assembly (3-6) through a second displacement spring (3-5), and the other section of the second fixed structure assembly (3-6) is fixed on the side wall of the circular hull (2-1) of the tidal current energy power generation subsystem;
when the sea surface wind speed is lower than the cut-in wind speed of the wind turbine, the impeller of the wind turbine is in a stall state, and the wind generating set does not output power, the tidal current energy generating unit is controlled to output electric energy at a rated power;
when the sea surface wind speed is greater than the cut-in wind speed of the wind turbine and less than the rated wind speed, the impeller of the wind turbine starts to rotate, the wind turbine generator set starts to be connected to the grid for power generation, and the active power of the wind turbine generator set is lower than the rated power of the wind turbine generator set, the power output of the tidal current energy power generation unit is controlled according to the capacity shortage between the active power and the rated power of the wind turbine generator set;
when the sea surface wind speed is higher than the rated wind speed of the wind turbine and lower than the cut-out wind speed, the wind generating set operates at the rated power, and the tidal current energy generating unit is controlled to stop operating and generating electricity;
and when the sea surface wind speed is higher than the cut-out wind speed of the wind turbine and the wind generating set stops power output, controlling the tidal current energy generating unit to output electric energy at rated power.
2. The offshore horizontal axis wind turbine platform based wind energy and tidal current energy coupled power generation system of claim 1,
the tidal current energy power generation subsystem comprises a circular ship body (2-1), an inflatable floating body (2-2), a sealed cabin (2-3), a tidal current energy generator (2-4), a vertical axis water turbine and a flow guide cover (2-9), wherein the inflatable floating body (2-2) is sleeved on the outer ring of the bottom of the circular ship body (2-1); a sealed cabin (2-3) is arranged on the deck of the circular ship body (2-1); a hundred-kilowatt-level tidal current energy generator (2-4) is installed in the sealed cabin (2-3), and a rotor of the tidal current energy generator (2-4) is connected with a vertical axis water turbine;
a pair of air guide hoods (2-9) are installed at the bottom of the circular ship body (2-1), and the vertical axis water turbine is arranged in a cavity formed by the air guide hoods;
the electric energy output end of the tidal current energy generator (2-4) is connected with a wind and tide combined power generation coupling control unit (4).
3. The offshore horizontal axis wind turbine platform based wind energy and tidal current energy coupled power generation system according to claim 2, wherein the vertical axis water turbine comprises a rotating main shaft (2-6), lift type straight blades (2-7) and blade support beams (2-8), wherein the lift type straight blades (2-7) are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotating main shaft (2-6) and are connected with the rotating main shaft (2-6) through the blade support beams (2-8).
4. The offshore horizontal axis wind turbine platform-based wind energy and tidal current energy coupling power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the wind and tidal current combined power generation coupling control unit (4) comprises a wind turbine active power monitor (4-1), a comparator (4-2), a control module (4-3) and a tidal current energy power generation full-power frequency converter (4-4), wherein an electric energy output end of the tidal current energy generator (2-4) is connected with the tidal current energy power generation full-power frequency converter (4-4), and an output end of the tidal current energy power generation full-power frequency converter (4-4) is connected with an electric energy input end of a wind turbine side transformer (1-6);
the wind turbine active power monitor (4-1) is used for collecting an active power value output by the wind turbine generator set (1-2) and transmitting the active power value to the comparator (4-2);
the comparator (4-2) is used for calculating a capacity difference between the active power value and the rated power of the wind generating set (1-2) to obtain a capacity difference signal, and the capacity difference signal is output to the control module (4-3);
the control module (4-3) is used for controlling the operation state and the output power of the tidal current energy generator (2-4) according to the received capacity difference signal.
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| CN202010663430.7A CN111894806B (en) | 2020-07-10 | 2020-07-10 | Wind energy and tidal current energy coupling power generation method and system based on offshore horizontal axis wind turbine platform |
| PCT/CN2020/115083 WO2022007187A1 (en) | 2020-07-10 | 2020-09-14 | Wind energy and tidal current energy coupled power generation method and system based on offshore horizontal axis wind turbine platform |
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