CN101411468B - Pine needle extract of slash pine and use thereof in food fresh keeping - Google Patents
Pine needle extract of slash pine and use thereof in food fresh keeping Download PDFInfo
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- CN101411468B CN101411468B CN2008101625315A CN200810162531A CN101411468B CN 101411468 B CN101411468 B CN 101411468B CN 2008101625315 A CN2008101625315 A CN 2008101625315A CN 200810162531 A CN200810162531 A CN 200810162531A CN 101411468 B CN101411468 B CN 101411468B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pine needle extract and application thereof, in particular to a slash pine water extract and application thereof in food preservation. The slash pine needle extract is light brown powder obtained by the steps of washing fresh slash pine needle by water, drying, cutting the fresh slash pine needle into short sections, adding water, extracting in boiling water bath, filtering to obtain filtrate, condensing the filtrate at reduced pressure into paste, and then drying the paste in vacuum. The invention also discloses the application of the slash pine needle extract to food sterilization and preservation. The obtained slash pine needle extract has stronger inhibiting effect on gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria and mould fungus, and has stronger oxidation resistance; the preservative has favorable stability for heat and wider pH use range; and the pine needle extract is dissolved into solution with different concentrations by water, so as to be used for preservation of different food and has good preservation effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of extract from pine needles and application thereof, relate in particular to wet-land pine tree water extract and the application in food fresh keeping thereof.
Background technology
Along with the raising of living standards of the people with to the growing interest of health; The notion of healthy food, pollution-free food is more and more accepted by masses; People more and more tends in food processing and storage, use as far as possible natural goods as anti-corrosive fresh-keeping, and the natural antisepsis fresh-keeping agent of therefore developing efficiency natural, safety non-toxic receives common concern.China's pine genus plant aboundresources, kind is numerous, pine needle is one of main accessory substance of pine genus plant, be a kind of reproduction speed soon, the natural regenerated resources of big, the sustainable use of extensive, the natural accumulation of all can gathering throughout the year, distribute.Pine genus plant has effects such as antibacterial, anti-oxidant, the Nanutal food fresh-keeping agent in exploitation pine needle source, and this will help exploitation, the utilization of pine needle resource.China has planted large-area wet-land pine tree from the middle and later periods nineties middle and later periods seventies 20th century to 20th century in many places, has formed a plurality of artificial swamp pine forests district.This not only extensive but also relative distributed pole of concentrating helps the processing and utilization of pine needle.
At present wet-land pine tree pine needle research major side is overweighted the research of wet-land pine tree pine needle volatile oil; Wet-land pine tree pine needle essential oil extraction method is disclosed like " the GC/MS analysis of masson pine and wet-land pine tree pine needle volatile oil is produced in the Liuzhou " (mass spectrum journal the 29th is rolled up in March, 2008 the 2nd phase); The fresh pine needle sample that takes by weighing the 500.0g pulverizing places the 2000mL three-neck flask; Press waterleaf and added distilled water than 2: 1; In homemade steam distillation device, distill then, distillate until no grease and promptly stop distillation, obtain having little yellow oily liquid of delicate fragrance breath.After the water-oil separating, use anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, preserve down in 0～5 ℃, to be analyzed.
Pine needle volatile oil be present in the pine needle one type have aromatic odor, can with steam distillation come out and with the not miscible volatility oily composition of water; Mainly produce through steam distillation; See with ter penoids in its composition more; Be soluble in the organic solvents such as ether, chloroform, benzinum, the solubility in water is very little, and normal temperature is liquid down mostly.Because therefore poorly water-soluble need add organic solvent when in use, can't guarantee pure natural.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wet-land pine tree pine needle water extract, it is a kind of natural product, has the advantages that water-soluble can be good.Another object of the present invention provides a kind of purposes of wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles.The 3rd purpose of the present invention provides a kind of food antimicrobial antistaling agent, and it has good stable property to heat, has the pH scope of application of broad, and fresh-keeping effect is remarkable.
In order to realize first above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme below the present invention has adopted:
The wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles, this wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles washes for adopting fresh wet-land pine tree pine needle, drains, and is cut into short broken section, adds water, and boiling water bath extracts, and crosses leaching filtrating, is evaporated to paste, then the light brown powder that obtains of vacuum drying.
As preferably, above-mentioned amount of water is 10～14 times of fresh wet-land pine tree pine needle weight, and boiling water bath extraction time is 1.5～3.0h.
As preferably, above-mentioned decompression concentrate with vacuum drying temperature be 50～60 ℃.
Wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles main component of the present invention is a flavone compound, and Main Ingredients and Appearance is different from pine needle volatile oil, and wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles of the present invention is soluble in water, can be made into solid and preserves.The yield of wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles is 10-14%.
In order to realize second above-mentioned purpose, wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles of the present invention is used for the food anti-bacterial refreshing.Method for using is that the wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles is configured to the aqueous solution, and the wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles aqueous solution joins in the food.
In order to realize the 3rd above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme below the present invention has adopted:
A kind of food antimicrobial antistaling agent, this antistaling agent comprise above-mentioned wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles.Certainly can add other auxiliary materials or not add other auxiliary materials as a kind of food antimicrobial antistaling agent.
The wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles that the present invention obtains has stronger inhibitory action to gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, mould; And has a stronger anti-oxidation function; This antistaling agent has good stable property to heat, has the pH scope of application of broad, and water is dissolved into variable concentrations solution with extract from pine needles; It is fresh-keeping to be used for different food products, and fresh-keeping effect is obvious.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that variable concentrations wet-land pine tree pine needle water extract is removed the superoxide radical capability chart.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles:
1. gather fresh wet-land pine tree pine needle, the running water flushing drains.
2. the above-mentioned pine needle of 100g is cut into broken section of about 1cm length, adds the 1000ml running water, boiling water bath extracts 1.5h.
3. cross leaching filtrating, decompression concentrates (50 ℃) to paste.
4. vacuum drying (50 ℃) gets light brown powder 10.9g.
The preparation method of wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles:
1. gather fresh wet-land pine tree pine needle, the running water flushing drains.
2. the above-mentioned pine needle of 80g is cut into broken section of about 1cm length, adds the 1120ml running water, boiling water bath extracts 2.5h.
3. cross leaching filtrating, decompression concentrates (60 ℃) to paste.
4. vacuum drying (55 ℃) gets light brown powder 9.8g.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles:
1. gather fresh wet-land pine tree pine needle, the running water flushing drains.
2. the above-mentioned pine needle of 80g is cut into broken section of about 1cm length, adds the 480ml running water, boiling water bath extracts 1.5h, filters, and filter residue adds the 480ml running water again, and boiling water bath extracts 1.5h, filters merging filtrate.
3. filtrate decompression concentrates (55 ℃) to paste.
4. vacuum drying (50 ℃) gets light brown powder 10.9g.
The wet-land pine tree pine needle water extract that the inventive method obtains is light brown powder, good water solubility.
Test Example 1
The bacteriostatic experiment of the wet-land pine tree pine needle water extract that the inventive method obtains
Escherichia coli are common fecal pollution indicator bacterias, and proteus can cause food poisoning, and the both belongs to gramnegative bacterium, are common food spoilage bacterium.Can find out that from table 1 the wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles all has certain inhibitory action to the growth of these two kinds of bacteriums, along with the reduction that supplies the examination substrate concentration, inhibitory action weakens.Supplying the examination thing that the inhibitory action of proteus growth is better than colibacillary effect, is 0.04g/ml to colibacillary minimum inhibitory concentration, and is 0.02g/ml to the minimum inhibitory concentration of proteus.
The wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles of table 1 variable concentrations is to the inhibitory action [antibacterial circle diameter (cm)] of Escherichia coli and proteus growth
Hay bacillus, bacillus megaterium etc. supply the examination bacterium all to belong to gram-positive bacterium for five kinds; Also be common food spoilage bacterium, can find out that the wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles all has certain inhibitory action to the growth of these five kinds of bacteriums from table 2; Supply the examination substrate concentration high more, bacteriostasis is strong more; From table, it can also be seen that, supply examination thing inhibiting strong and weak different to different bacterium, the strongest to Bacillus cercus and aureus with inhibition under same concentrations, and the staphylococcic inhibitory action of dialogue relatively a little less than; Supply the examination thing that the minimum inhibitory concentration of these five kinds of bacteriums also is not quite similar simultaneously; Wherein the staphylococcic minimum inhibitory concentration of dialogue is 0.04g/ml; Minimum inhibitory concentration to hay bacillus, bacillus megaterium, Bacillus cercus is 0.03g/ml, and the minimum inhibitory concentration of staphylococcus aureus is reached 0.02g/ml.
The wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles of table 2 variable concentrations is to the inhibitory action [antibacterial circle diameter (cm)] of hay bacillus etc.
Aspergillus niger is commonly in the food to cause one of mould, can find out from table 3, is supplying under the examination concentration; Water extract all has significant inhibitory effect to the growth of aspergillus niger, compares with contrast, shows as the bacterium colony loop diameter and reduces; Mycelial density weakens, and sporulation quantity obviously reduces, and the mycelial growth amount descends.Compare confession examination thing to testing the influence of several kinds of used bacterial growths, supply the examination thing stronger to the inhibitory action of aspergillus niger growth, the growth to aspergillus niger when confession examination substrate concentration is low to moderate 0.001g/ml also has utmost point significant inhibitory effect.
The wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles of table 3 variable concentrations is to the inhibitory action of aspergillus growth
The growth of bacterium, mould itself can receive the influence of pH value, can see from table 4, and pH=4,5 o'clock hay bacilluses do not grow, and pH=6 is a little less than growing, so can't measure the bacteriostasis of pine needle crude extract during pH4-6.The wet-land pine tree water extract all has very strong inhibitory action in the pH7-9 scope to hay bacillus.Can know that by table 5 aspergillus is not grown when pH4.Under the pH5-9 condition, the wet-land pine tree water extract has very strong inhibitory action to the growth of aspergillus.
Table 4 substrate pH is to the active influence (representing the cm of unit with antibacterial circle diameter) of the anti-hay bacillus of pine needle water extract
Annotate: "-" expression hay bacillus does not grow; "+" expression hay bacillus grows less but can't measure inhibition zone.
Table 5 substrate pH is to the active influence (representing the cm of unit with the bacterium colony loop diameter) of the anti-aspergillus of pine needle water extract
Annotate: "-" expression aspergillus is not grown.
Can find out from table 6; After 121 ℃ of high-temperature process, the bacteriostatic activity of sample is compared with contrast, does not become basically; The almost not influence of handling between high temperature, short time the wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles of bacteriostasis is described, wet-land pine tree pine needle water extract antibacterial substance has good heat endurance.
Table 6. temperature suppresses the effect of hay bacillus bacterium to wet-land pine tree pine needle water extract
Test Example 2
The anti-oxidant experiment of the wet-land pine tree pine needle water extract that the inventive method obtains
With ascorbic acid (Vc) (concentration 0.1%) is reference, is contrast with the lard (CK) that does not add any sample, regularly measures the peroxide value (POV value) of grease.With the content of the corresponding peroxide of POV value, the oxidized degree of high more expression sample is big more.POV value result of variations is in time seen table 7.
Table 7. wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles (0.1g/ml) and 0.1%Vc are to the oxidation resistance (POV) of lard
Annotate: the same time period, compare with CK (blank), a representes that < 0.05, b representes p < 0.01 to p
Same processing is compared with previous time period, and A representes that < 0.05, B representes p < 0.01 to p
As shown in Figure 1; In illumination riboflavin system; Wet-land pine tree pine needle water extract shows the clearance rate experiment of superoxide radical (
); Finite concentration wet-land pine tree pine needle water extract has certain removing ability to superoxide radical, and the clearance rate that 0.5-10mg/ml concentration wet-land pine tree water extract is removed superoxide radical is up to about 80.0%.
Test Example 3
The wet-land pine tree pine needle water extract that the inventive method obtains is to the preserve test of different food products
Be configured to the solution of 25mg/ml with wet-land pine tree pine needle water extract.With cucumber, watermelon, pineapple is pressed into fruit juice with juice extractor; The fruit juice of measuring 20mL is put into container, adds the above-mentioned wet-land pine tree pine needle water extract solution of different amounts then, is contrast not loosen the pin extract; Room temperature was placed after 24 hours, observed the color of fruit juice, situation such as smell situation of change and long bacterium.
Get the dried bean curd of several parts of equivalent, the clear water of respectively putting into 20mL boils, and each adds the above-mentioned wet-land pine tree pine needle water extract solution of different amounts in the process of boiling.Not add the dried bean curd that boils in the pine needle extract clear water is contrast.Room temperature is placed the color of observing dried bean curd after 24 hours, smell, quality situation of change and rotten degree etc.
Food antiseptic effect behind the table 8. wet-land pine tree pine needle water extract processing 24h
Experimental result shows, control series was obviously rotten after 24h was carried out in experiment, and add the wet-land pine tree water extract certain antiseptic effect was arranged, its antiseptic effect along with adding wet-land pine tree water extract amount increase and obviously improve.
Compare with traditional Sodium Benzoate, potassium sorbate antistaling and antiseptic agent, wet-land pine tree pine needle water extract has advantages such as green, health care as the anticorrosion and antiseptic of food.In the modern society that obtains day by day paying attention in food security, in the cry of a slice back to nature, exploitation pine needle water extract is done natural antisepsis fresh-keeping agent, is bound to receive the favor of international market, more receives the welcome of domestic market.
Claims (3)
1. the wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles is used for the food anti-bacterial refreshing, and described wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles washes for adopting fresh wet-land pine tree pine needle; Drain; Be cut into short broken section, add water, boiling water bath extracts; Amount of water is 10～14 times of fresh wet-land pine tree pine needle weight, and boiling water bath extraction time is 1.5～3.0h; Cross leaching filtrating, be evaporated to paste, then the light brown powder that obtains of vacuum drying; Decompression concentrates and vacuum drying temperature is 50～60 ℃.
2. wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles according to claim 1 is used for the food anti-bacterial refreshing, it is characterized in that: the wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles is configured to the aqueous solution, and the wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles aqueous solution joins in the food.
3. food antimicrobial antistaling agent, it is characterized in that: this antistaling agent comprises the wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles, described wet-land pine tree extract from pine needles is for adopting fresh wet-land pine tree pine needle; Wash, drain, be cut into short broken section; Add water; Boiling water bath extracts, and amount of water is 10～14 times of fresh wet-land pine tree pine needle weight, and boiling water bath extraction time is 1.5～3.0h; Cross leaching filtrating, be evaporated to paste, then the light brown powder that obtains of vacuum drying; Decompression concentrates and vacuum drying temperature is 50～60 ℃.
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| CN2008101625315A CN101411468B (en) | 2008-12-01 | 2008-12-01 | Pine needle extract of slash pine and use thereof in food fresh keeping |
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| CN2008101625315A CN101411468B (en) | 2008-12-01 | 2008-12-01 | Pine needle extract of slash pine and use thereof in food fresh keeping |
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| CN101411468B true CN101411468B (en) | 2012-07-04 |
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| CN104365680B (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2017-02-22 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Slash pine needle extract and use thereof |
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