CN101408487B - Bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and early warning method and system based on wireless sensor network - Google Patents
Bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and early warning method and system based on wireless sensor network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and pre-warning method based on a wireless sensor network. The network with a sensor module which is arranged on the two sides or bottom stress point of the bridge or stress bearing parts of beams and columns is used for collecting bridge temperature and humidity, vibration amplitude, stress strain data of the beams and the columns, and data of the frequency and the amplitude of the bridge structure change. The sensor module wirelessly receives and sends with a collection node and a base station node by a wireless communication module, and sends the collected and processed data; the wireless receiving and sending collection node is connected with the base station node, and the base station node is connected with a computer by the network. The wireless sensor network realizes bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and pre-warning, the sensor system processes, systematically decomposes and transforms the data to obtain the required parameters, and is connected to the computer by the network, and various software and hardware with realizable diagnostic function diagnose the received data.
Description
One, technical field:
The present invention relates to the emergency monitoring and the early warning control technology of bridge structure safe state, be specifically related to a kind of bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and early warning system of intelligent wireless sensor network.
Two, background technology:
The long span bridge beam is when suffering nature such as earthquake, flood, hurricane, blast or man-made disaster in recent years, and because the safety problem that the degeneration of material property brings has caused people's extensive concern.People recognize that bridge is not the public transport infrastructure that just can let go unchecked after the disposable input, and its health status is concerning the people's the life and the safety of national economy equally.The general bridge structural damage can be divided into two classes: the damage that accident (violent earthquake, explode, crash etc.) causes and the accumulated damage of development gradually.The former time of origin even damage position are known, therefore can seal bridge immediately temporarily, finish inspection, maintenance and reinforcing in finite time.Accumulated damage is quite different, and the initial stage of accumulated damage is not jeopardized safety, develops into to a certain degree that the axle casing structure resistance is reduced to a threshold value, will cause major accident, and China's bridge collapse accident in recent years belongs to this damage more.But when drag is reduced to certain limit value to there is no telling in advance, and bridge structure is worked in the open, and bears fatigue load, so accumulated damage (tired, corrosion) is the important damage type of bridge.If the way with the inspection of envelope bridge tackles accumulated damage, then bridge is in envelope bridge state forever, causes bridge can not use at all.At present, along with sensor technology, development of electronic technology, the collection and the processing of multiple signals such as power such as vibration, strain, load variations, temperature, electricity, magnetic, light.And in engineering, obtained application; 200710132811.7070930 built-in rotating machinery operation monitoring protecting equipment and method; relate to embedded field bus protocol interface device and implementation method; instrument or equipment are connected with the PROFBUS bus, realize the communication function of DP slave station in the Profibus fieldbus.This interface module one end is by the asynchronous serial port of dual port RAM or Transistor-Transistor Logic level, with 8 or the microprocessor of 16 bit be the intelligent controller swap data, can embed the circuit of intelligence instrument equipment.The other end be standard P rofibus-DP from station interface, make equipment or instrument insert bus and other device talks as the Profibus-DR slave station.The present invention is used at a high speed, the Profibus interface of motion control device, as frequency converter, servo positioning controller etc., or is used for frequency converter, electric motor starting protective device, high and low voltage electrical equipment, spot measurement device and instrument etc.
Can adopt sensor technology and technique of dynamic measurement to bridge monitoring, carry out with method for processing signals, but the conventional approach that tackles accumulated damage is a hand inspection, but the cycle of hand inspection is relatively very long, efficient is low, is difficult to guarantee Structure Safety for Bridge.Utilize traditional sensor and measure watch-dog bridge health is monitored and need be laid signal and service cable on whole bridge floor, it is huge not only to waste resource but also the laying engineering complexity of getting up, and makes system's installation cost, maintenance cost all very high.Pair bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and method for early warning and system are not arranged at present
Three, summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of installation and maintenance that are easy to, bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring that wide coverage and measuring accuracy are high and early warning system.Adopt the wireless data transmission mode, be convenient to the bridge inspection and maintenance applying unit, carry out system's Installation and Debugging apace, enter running status, need not wire cable and early stage cable lay.After the detection task was finished, disassembling system equipment used so that lay next time apace.The characteristics of this system are movability, it is convenient to install, installing/dismounting repeatedly, use flexibly.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: based on the bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and the method for early warning of wireless sensor network, it is characterized in that adopting sensor assembly to be installed in bridge both sides or bottom stress point or beam, the network at the stressed supporting of post position, be used for gathering the bridge temperature, humidity, vibration amplitude, beam, the stressed strain data of post, and frequency and amplitude that bridge structure changes are carried out data acquisition, sensor assembly by wireless communication module wireless with compile node and base-station node is received and dispatched, transmit collection and carry out data processed, wireless receiving and dispatching compiles node and connects base-station node, and base-station node passes through network connection computer;
Adopt wireless sensor network to realize to bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and early warning, sensor-based system to data through disposal system decompose, conversion to be to obtain after the parameters needed by behind the network connection computer, utilization can realize that the various software and hardwares of diagnostic function diagnose the data that receive, and comprises whether structure sustains damage and damage position, degree of injury;
Adopt multiple dimensioned method damnification recognition method, acceleration and strain signal are analyzed simultaneously, this method has merged one-piece construction information (acceleration) and local structural response (strain).
The following formation of wireless sensor network: form a wireless sensor node group for the every 2-6 of sensor node of the monitoring bridge, each group has one to compile node, this compiles node and finishes the data of group's inner sensor node and compile function, and sensor node and and only with in the group compile node and communicate, compile node and base-station node and do not connect sensor.All groups compile node, form 1 or a plurality of group, directly communicate by letter (1 group) with base-station node, or by compiling node communicate by letter with base-station node (a plurality of group) in the group, base-station node will compile the Monitoring Data of node by network connection computer, deliver to Surveillance center, and computer system be reported to the police under abnormal conditions, the monitoring personnel can understand bridge ruuning situation at any time, reach the purpose of structural safety state emergency monitoring and early warning.
Bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and early warning system adopt the method for hierarchy, and hierarchy comprises that numerical evaluation function, middleware and damage recognizer provide bridge structure safe state.
The numerical method that the method for hierarchy adopts has that svd, complex eigenvalue are found the solution, fast fourier transform, quicksort and complex matrix are contrary.The middleware of bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and early warning comprises: data processing, communication reliably and synchronous sensing.The algorithm of location damage identification comprises environment exciting technology (NExT), tag system implementation algorithm (ERA) and damage orientational vector method.
The method of hierarchy is applied to the intelligence sensor network of intensive layout.Compiling between node of closing on can shared data, has made full use of spatial information.Share because data are only compiled between node in limited closing on, total volume of transmitted data still keeps appropriateness; Algorithm can expand on the large scale structure of intensive placement sensor.
Wireless sensor node is made up of data processing and control module, wireless communication module and power module that data acquisition module, microprocessor module constitute; Data acquisition module is used for carrying out the reception and the conversion of external sensor signal; Data processing and control module are used for carrying out node device control, task scheduling, energy calculating, orthofunction etc.; Wireless communication module is responsible for carrying out radio communication with other sensor nodes, exchange of control information and transmitting-receiving image data; Power module provides operation required energy for sensor node; The power module and the wireless communication module of power management module, connection power management module.Wireless communication module comprises radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module, power amplifier, radio-frequency (RF) switch and antenna, microprocessor module is connected with the DAC module, sensor output connects the DAC module, power management module is connected with sensor assembly, microprocessor, radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module and power amplifier module respectively, microprocessor connects radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module, DAC module and radio-frequency (RF) switch respectively, power amplifier module connects radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module, and connects dual-mode antenna by radio-frequency (RF) switch;
Sensor assembly is used for gathering data such as bridge temperature, humidity, vibration amplitude.The sensor node module reaches 5 to 30 in quantity, and the protection that utilizes a plurality of sensors can make up a 3 D stereo effectively detects network.Each node module all has 3-axis acceleration sensor, foil gauge, humidity temperature pickup and wind speed and pressure sensor and 16 A/D converters of four-way.Acceleration transducer in order to bridge vibration test with analyze, the ambient temperature and humidity that Temperature Humidity Sensor is used for measuring the acceleration transducer present position is used to carry out temperature and humidity compensation; Described power module is powered battery and two kinds of possibilities of external AC power supply power supply.
Wireless receiving and dispatching compiles node and base-station node mainly by the chip of microprocessor PXA271 as microprocessor module, and this processor can work in low-voltage (0.85V) low frequency (13MHz) pattern, can carry out low power consumption operation.Wireless communication module adopts the CC2420 chip.
The sensor node module reaches 5 to 30 in quantity, form a sensor node group for the every 2-6 of sensor node module, there is a Rendezvous Point in each group, this Rendezvous Point is finished the data of group's inner sensor node and is compiled function, and sensor node with and only communicate with compiling node in the group, compile node and base-station node and do not connect sensor.All groups compile node, form 1 or a plurality of group, directly communicate by letter (1 group) with base-station node, or by compiling node communicate by letter with base-station node (a plurality of group) in the group, the base-station node aggregated data, data after will compiling are by the subsidiary USB interface of node, be transferred to the USB mouth to the conversion equipment of network interface, data are by network can use a computer on the spot collection, storage and handle, or by WLAN (wireless local area network) transceiver WLAN, carry out remote transmission, so that remote computer carries out data acquisition, data storage and data processing.
Described wireless receiving and dispatching compiles the power module that node comprises microprocessor, radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module, radio-frequency (RF) switch and antenna, power management module with base-station node, is connected power management module, power management module is connected with microprocessor, radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module, microprocessor connects radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module and radio-frequency (RF) switch respectively, and radio-frequency (RF) switch connects dual-mode antenna; Computer Service is used to store data (database), deal with data, the graphical demonstration and the alert news issue in WSN bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and early warning system.
The present invention adopts wireless sensor network technology to realize bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and early warning.Sensor-based system carries out data acquisition to frequency and amplitude that bridge structure changes, data through disposal system decompose, conversion to be to obtain after the parameters needed by communication system transmits to Surveillance center, the monitor staff utilizes and can realize that the various software and hardwares of diagnostic function diagnose the data that receive, and comprises whether structure sustains damage and damage position, degree of injury etc.System works flow process figure sees Fig. 1.
Sensor assembly is the module that directly contacts with the external signal amount in the hardware platform, here adopt the sensing system of networking, the sensor node module reaches 5 to 30 in quantity, can reduce the systematic measurement error that transient error that spot measurement may cause and the violent change of single-point environment cause like this.Each node module all has 3-axis acceleration sensor, foil gauge, humidity temperature pickup and wind speed and pressure sensor.Form a sensor node group for the every 2-6 of these sensor nodes, there is a Rendezvous Point in each group, this Rendezvous Point is finished the data of group's inner sensor node and is compiled function, and sensor node with and only communicate with compiling node in the group, compile node and base-station node and do not connect sensor.All groups compile node, form 1 or a plurality of group, directly communicate by letter (1 group) with base-station node, or by compiling node communicate by letter with base-station node (a plurality of group) in the group, the base-station node aggregated data, data after will compiling are by the subsidiary USB interface of node, be transferred to the USB mouth to the conversion equipment of network interface, data are by the network collection that can use a computer on the spot, storage and processing, also can pass through WLAN (wireless local area network) transceiver WLAN, carry out remote transmission, so that remote computer carries out data acquisition, data storage and data processing.
Power module is the normal assurance of work smoothly of node as the basic supply module of whole wireless sensor node.The electric energy of node is supplied with generally can only be by self electric energy stored, and adopting powered battery here is cheaper feasible method, and certainly except powered battery, system also provides the selection of external power source.
Computer Service is used to store data (database), deal with data, the graphical demonstration and the alert news issue in wireless sensor network bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and early warning system.
Beneficial effect of the present invention has:
1, adopted the intelligent wireless sensor network, avoided the field wiring work of emergency monitoring, the system that makes is easy to installation and maintenance;
2, temperature, humidity, vibration amplitude, the bridge pier that can collect bridge by sensor is etched the loss of the few lives and properties that bridge cut-off causes of ， Neng Minus such as degree.
3, node has the low-power consumption ability, does not need frequent replacing once disposing.Have the local signal processing function, reduce required information transmitted amount, improved the travelling speed of monitoring system.
4, short construction period, extension of network is good, the reliability height, self-organization that it is exclusive and fault-tolerant ability make it be highly suitable for unmanned again, in the abominable physical environment.
5, rely on advanced test macro, reduce the labour, reduce the error that human factor causes.
The present invention has designed a kind of bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and early warning system based on the intelligent wireless sensor network, and its inherent advantage is arranged.Adopt the intelligent wireless sensor network, avoid the damaging destruction of bridge and loaded down with trivial details field wiring work, system is easy to installation and maintenance.Adopt the sensing system of networking, the systematic measurement error that transient error that the minimizing spot measurement may cause and the violent change of single-point environment cause.Self-organization that it is exclusive and fault-tolerant ability make its this unmanned that is highly suitable for bridge, and in the abominable physical environment, engineering technical personnel only need in Surveillance center the bridge security situation to be carried out emergency monitoring and issue alert news.
Four, description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is system works flow process figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the intelligent wireless sensor network architecture diagram;
Fig. 3 is the wireless sensor node schematic block circuit diagram;
Fig. 4 is the sensor board structural drawing;
Fig. 5 is the schematic block circuit diagram that wireless receiving and dispatching compiles node and base-station node;
Fig. 6 is an Experimental equipment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is an experimental result legend of the present invention.Wherein 7a is group's 1 damage recognition result, and Fig. 7 b is group's 2 damage recognition results, and Fig. 7 c is group 3 damage recognition results.
Five, embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and instantiation the present invention is done to elaborate, but the native system range of application is not limited thereto example.
In conjunction with Fig. 1-5, this example is made up of one group of a plurality of sensor assembly, wireless communication module and control computer.Wireless communication module comprises that wireless receiving and dispatching compiles node and base-station node.The sensor node module is installed in the stress point of bridge both sides or bottom or beam, the stressed supporting of post position, what be used for gathering bridge temperature, humidity, vibration amplitude, beam, post is subjected to data such as stress-strain, wireless receiving and dispatching compiles node and connects base-station node transmission collection and carry out data processed, and base-station node passes through network connection computer.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, form a sensor node group for the every 2-6 of the sensor node of monitored area, there is a Rendezvous Point in each group, this Rendezvous Point is finished the data of group's inner sensor node and is compiled function, and sensor node with and only communicate with compiling node in the group, compile node and base-station node and do not connect sensor.All groups compile node, form 1 or a plurality of group, directly communicate by letter (1 group) with base-station node, or by compiling node communicate by letter with base-station node (a plurality of group) in the group, the base-station node aggregated data, Monitoring Data is delivered to Surveillance center and system can report to the police under abnormal conditions, the monitoring personnel can understand bridge ruuning situation at any time, reach the purpose of structural safety state emergency monitoring and early warning.
Wireless sensor node is made up of data acquisition module, data processing and control module, wireless communication module and power module four parts, as shown in Figure 3.Data acquisition module is used for carrying out the reception and the conversion of external sensor signal; Data processing and control module are used for carrying out node device control, task scheduling, energy calculating, orthofunction etc.; Wireless communication module is responsible for carrying out radio communication with other sensor nodes, exchange of control information and transmitting-receiving image data; Power module can provide the power supply of powered battery and external AC power supply two kinds of schemes for sensor node provides operation required energy.
Sensor assembly is used for gathering data such as bridge temperature, humidity, vibration amplitude.The sensor node module reaches 5 to 30 in quantity, and the protection that utilizes a plurality of sensors can make up a 3 D stereo effectively detects network.In conjunction with Fig. 4, each node module all has 3-axis acceleration sensor, foil gauge, humidity temperature pickup and wind speed and pressure sensor and 16 A/D converters of four-way.Acceleration transducer in order to bridge vibration test with analyze, the ambient temperature and humidity that Temperature Humidity Sensor is used for measuring the acceleration transducer present position is used to carry out temperature and humidity compensation.
In conjunction with Fig. 5, described wireless receiving and dispatching compile node and base-station node mainly by microprocessor PXA271 as the core control element, this processor can work in low-voltage (0.85V) low frequency (13MHz) pattern, can carry out low power consumption operation.Processor is supported several different low-power consumption modes, as sleep and deep sleep mode.PXA271 is a multi-chip module, i.e. integrated 3 chips in a CPU encapsulation: 256KB SRAM, 32MB FLASH and 32MB SDRAM.Wireless communication module adopts the CC2420 chip.CC2420 has fully-integrated voltage controlled oscillator, only needs considerably less peripheral circuits such as antenna, 16MHz crystal just can work on the 2.4GHz frequency range.Microprocessor adopts the SPI mode to be connected with wireless communication module, in wireless transceiver integrated circuit board mounted on surface the 2.4GHz antenna, longer if desired wireless coverage can directly be welded in SMA connector (radio frequency (RF) coaxial connector) on the plank so that connect exterior antenna.
Bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and early warning system adopt hierarchy, and it can be applied to the intelligence sensor network of intensive layout preferably.Can shared data between the node that this method is closed on, made full use of spatial information.Because data are only shared between limited neighbor node, total volume of transmitted data still keeps appropriateness.Therefore, algorithm can expand on the large scale structure of intensive placement sensor.Hierarchy consists of the following components, and comprises numerical evaluation function, middleware and damage recognizer.The main numerical method that is used for this strategy has that svd, complex eigenvalue are found the solution, fast fourier transform, quicksort and complex matrix are contrary.The middleware of structural safety state emergency monitoring and early warning comprises: data processing, communication reliably and synchronous sensing.The algorithm of location damage comprises environment exciting technology (NExT), tag system implementation algorithm (ERA) and damage orientational vector method (DLV), and these methods are used earlier the C language compilation, connect the executable program that is converted under the TinyOS by compiling then.
Sensor node can be realized distributed bridge structural safety state emergency monitoring and early warning system independently through programming.The parameter that all need, for example node number, sensor orientation and data length are all transmitted by the base station and are transferred to whole network.Sensor node sends these parameters to compiling node or base-station node, and then, base-station node continues parameter information to send to sensor node again.After the parameter input was finished, the computing machine that is connected to the base station no longer needed to provide input to the arbitrary node of whole sensor network.Specified the task of correspondence in advance by the order of reliable communication protocol transmission.
The acceleration time-histories data that measure are sent the base station back to, compare so that the time-histories in the network is handled to handle with the equivalent data of computing machine correspondence.Modal parameter, intermediate results such as damage orientational vector and accumulative total stress are sent back to the base station too.Communication data packet crucial between node is by reliable communication protocol, and the base station is gone back in multileaving, so that be the important data of debug system storage.
In addition, adopt multiple dimensioned method damnification recognition method, acceleration and strain signal are analyzed simultaneously, this method has merged one-piece construction information (acceleration) and local structural response (strain), thereby has reduced the number of times of fault localization failure.One of them is more effective compared with independent use.
It is platform that this example adopts the intelligent wireless sensor network, mainly finishes bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and early warning.In application, a plurality of sensors are installed in the bridge critical area, assess the bridge stability state by the variation of monitoring bridge main body structure.System can report to the police under abnormal conditions, and the monitoring personnel can understand bridge ruuning situation at any time, reaches the purpose of structural safety state emergency monitoring and early warning.
Referring to Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is one embodiment of the invention: steel truss bridge two dimension scaled model, its each Pin both direction all are that 0.6m is long.Truss two ends non-yielding prop, an end is hinged, and the other end is a sliding support.Hinged end is free to rotate, but limits the translation of three directions, and the sliding support end can longitudinally slide.Model is totally 21 rod members, and 12 nodes are arranged wireless sensor node on 1 to No. 10 node therein.
The excitation of employing vibrator.Send band-limited white noise to vibrator by computing machine, be up to 100Hz up to the structural vibration frequency.Be fixed on the acceleration of the wireless sensor node measurement both direction on the panel point.The wireless sensor node accelerometer is along laterally and vertically evenly arranging.Be installed in before the two continuous Pin on the width of cloth 6 nodes and formed the local group of damaging between monitoring truss two Pin.10 nodes have formed three groups that overlap each other altogether.
No. 10 rod member replaces with the bar that an xsect diminishes, and with the model configuration damage, its cross-sectional area reduces 52.7%.The loss that reduces to cause element stiffness of cross-sectional area adopts system software to carry out Damage Assessment Method.
Referring to Fig. 7, respectively the monitoring result of 3 cohorts to be analyzed, the damage recognition result of each group is shared by contiguous bunch host node again, carries out final damage identification.If contiguous bunch host node recognition result unanimity, the report of damage recognition result is to the base station, and a bunch host node changes sleep state over to.Otherwise,, repeat to damage identifying if contradiction appears in the result.Unit 10 is unique unit that are identified damage, and its canonical stress is less than threshold limit value 0.4, and system will send early warning signal, reminds relevant position, Unit 10 is manually verified.
Bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and early warning system adopt hierarchy, and it can be applied to the intelligence sensor network of intensive layout preferably.Can shared data between the node that this method is closed on, made full use of spatial information.Because data are only shared between limited neighbor node, total volume of transmitted data still keeps appropriateness.Therefore, algorithm can expand on the large scale structure of intensive placement sensor.
Hierarchy consists of the following components, and comprises numerical evaluation function, middleware and damage recognizer.The main numerical method that is used for this strategy has that svd, complex eigenvalue are found the solution, fast fourier transform, quicksort and complex matrix are contrary.The middleware of structural safety state emergency monitoring and early warning comprises: data processing, communication reliably and synchronous sensing.The algorithm of location damage identification comprises environment exciting technology (NExT), tag system implementation algorithm (ERA) and damage orientational vector method (DLV), and these methods are used earlier the C language compilation, connect the executable program that is converted under the TinyOS by compiling then.In addition, adopt multiple dimensioned method damnification recognition method, acceleration and strain signal are analyzed simultaneously, this method has merged one-piece construction information (acceleration) and local structural response (strain), thereby has reduced the number of times of fault localization failure.One of them is more effective compared with independent use.
Sensor node can be realized distributed bridge structural safety state emergency monitoring and early warning system independently through programming.The parameter that all need, for example node number, sensor orientation and data length are all transmitted by the base station and are transferred to whole network.Sensor node sends these parameters to compiling node or base-station node, and then, base-station node continues parameter information to send to sensor node again.After the parameter input was finished, the computing machine that is connected to the base station no longer needed to provide input to the arbitrary node of whole sensor network.Specified the task of correspondence in advance by the order of reliable communication protocol transmission.
The acceleration time-histories data that measure are sent the base station back to, compare so that the time-histories in the network is handled to handle with the equivalent data of computing machine correspondence.Modal parameter, intermediate results such as damage orientational vector and accumulative total stress are sent back to the base station too.Communication data packet crucial between node is by reliable communication protocol, and the base station is gone back in multileaving, so that be the important data of debug system storage.
It is platform that present embodiment adopts the intelligent wireless sensor network, mainly finishes bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and early warning.In application, a plurality of sensors are installed in the bridge critical area, assess the bridge stability state by the variation of monitoring bridge main body structure.System can report to the police under abnormal conditions, and the monitoring personnel can understand bridge ruuning situation at any time, reaches the purpose of structural safety state emergency monitoring and early warning.
Claims (2)
1. based on the bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and the method for early warning of wireless sensor network, adopt sensor assembly to be installed in bridge both sides or bottom stress point or beam, the network at the stressed supporting of post position, be used for gathering the bridge temperature, humidity, vibration amplitude, beam, the stressed strain data of post, and the frequency and the amplitude data of bridge structure variation, sensor assembly by wireless communication module wireless with compile node and base-station node is received and dispatched, transmit collection and carry out data processed, wireless receiving and dispatching compiles node and connects base-station node, and base-station node passes through network connection computer; It is characterized in that adopting wireless sensor network to realize to bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and early warning, sensor-based system to data through disposal system decompose, conversion to be to obtain after the parameters needed by behind the network connection computer, utilization can realize that the various software and hardwares of diagnostic function diagnose the data that receive, and comprises whether structure sustains damage and damage position, degree of injury; The following formation of wireless sensor network: form a wireless sensor node group for the every 2-6 of sensor node of the monitoring bridge, each group has one to compile node, this compiles node and finishes the data of group's inner sensor node and compile function, and sensor node and and only with in the group compile node and communicate, compile node and base-station node and do not connect sensor; All constitute the node that compiles of a group of nodes and form 1 group, directly communicate by letter during 1 group with base-station node, communicate by letter with base-station node by the node that compiles in the group during a plurality of group, base-station node will compile the Monitoring Data of node and pass through network connection computer;
The method of hierarchy is adopted in bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and early warning, and the method for hierarchy provides bridge structure safe state by the middleware and the location damage recognizer of numerical evaluation function, bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and early warning; The method of hierarchy is applied to the intelligence sensor network of intensive layout; That closes on compiles the node data sharing, utilizes spatial information; Data are only compiled between node shared in limited closing on, total volume of transmitted data still keeps appropriateness; Algorithm expands on the large scale structure of intensive placement sensor;
The numerical method that the method for hierarchy adopts is that svd, complex eigenvalue are found the solution, fast fourier transform or quicksort and complex matrix are contrary; The middleware of bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and early warning is data processing, communication reliably and synchronous sensing; The algorithm of location damage identification is environment exciting technology NExT, tag system implementation algorithm ERA and damage orientational vector method; And adopt multiple dimensioned method damnification recognition method, and acceleration and strain signal to be analyzed simultaneously, this method has merged one-piece construction information and local structural response.
2. based on the bridge structure safe state emergency monitoring and the early warning system of wireless sensor network, it is characterized in that wireless sensor node is made up of data processing and control module, wireless communication module and power module that sensor assembly, data acquisition module, microprocessor module constitute; Data acquisition module is used for carrying out the reception and the conversion of external sensor signal; Data processing and control module are used for carrying out node device control, task scheduling, energy calculating, orthofunction etc.; Wireless communication module is responsible for carrying out radio communication with other sensor nodes, exchange of control information and transmitting-receiving image data; Power module provides operation required energy for sensor node; The power module and the wireless communication module of power management module, connection power management module; Wireless communication module comprises radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module, power amplifier, radio-frequency (RF) switch and antenna, microprocessor module is connected with the DAC module, sensor output connects the DAC module, power management module is connected with sensor assembly, microprocessor, radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module and power amplifier module respectively, microprocessor connects radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module, DAC module and radio-frequency (RF) switch respectively, power amplifier module connects radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module, and connects dual-mode antenna by radio-frequency (RF) switch; Sensor assembly is used for gathering data such as bridge temperature, humidity, vibration amplitude; The sensor node module reaches 5 to 30 in quantity, and the protection that utilizes a plurality of sensors can make up a 3 D stereo effectively detects network; Each sensor node module all has 3-axis acceleration sensor, foil gauge, humidity temperature pickup and wind speed and pressure sensor and 16 A/D converters of four-way; Acceleration transducer in order to bridge vibration test with analyze, the ambient temperature and humidity that Temperature Humidity Sensor is used for measuring the acceleration transducer present position is used to carry out temperature and humidity compensation; The sensor node module reaches 5 to 30 in quantity, form a sensor node group for the every 2-6 of sensor node module, there is a Rendezvous Point in each group, this Rendezvous Point is finished the data of group's inner sensor node and is compiled function, and sensor node with and only communicate with compiling node in the group, compile node and base-station node and do not connect sensor; The sensor node module by wireless communication module wireless with compile node and base-station node is received and dispatched, transmit to gather and also carry out data processed, wireless receiving and dispatching compiles node and connects base-station node, base-station node passes through network connection computer; All groups compile node, form 1 or a plurality of group, directly communicate by letter with the base-station node of 1 group, or communicate by letter with base-station node by the node that compiles in the group during a plurality of group, the base-station node aggregated data, data after will compiling are by the subsidiary USB interface of node, be transferred to the USB mouth to the conversion equipment of network interface, data are by network can use a computer on the spot collection, storage and handle or by WLAN (wireless local area network) transceiver WLAN, carry out remote transmission, so that remote computer carries out data acquisition, data storage and data processing; Wireless receiving and dispatching compiles node and base-station node by the chip of microprocessor PXA271 as microprocessor module.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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- 2008-10-28 CN CN2008101556599A patent/CN101408487B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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