CN101404958A - 椎间植入体及其使用方法 - Google Patents

椎间植入体及其使用方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101404958A
CN101404958A CNA2007800101142A CN200780010114A CN101404958A CN 101404958 A CN101404958 A CN 101404958A CN A2007800101142 A CNA2007800101142 A CN A2007800101142A CN 200780010114 A CN200780010114 A CN 200780010114A CN 101404958 A CN101404958 A CN 101404958A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
elastic component
end plate
end plates
centre portion
vertebral
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Pending
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CNA2007800101142A
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English (en)
Inventor
H·H·特里优
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Warsaw Orthopedic Inc
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Warsaw Orthopedic Inc
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Application filed by Warsaw Orthopedic Inc filed Critical Warsaw Orthopedic Inc
Publication of CN101404958A publication Critical patent/CN101404958A/zh
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Abstract

用于间隔和稳定椎骨构件的植入体和方法。在一个实施方式中，植入体可包括第一和第二端板(11、12)及中间区段(13)，形成内部区域(14)。弹性构件(20)可设置在内部区域内以将端板间隔开。弹性构件可具有各种取向、尺寸、形状、密度、弹性模量和其他材料性质，取决于所述第一和第二端板之间所需的位移。在根据一个实施方式的使用中，当椎骨构件对齐时，例如当患者站直或处于卧姿时，植入体可具有第一形状。该第一形状可包括相互隔开第一距离的第一和第二端板。椎骨构件运动期间，可迫使端板相互靠近。这种运动期间，与弹性构件相结合的中间区段可变形，从而产生稳定椎骨构件的力。

Description

椎间植入体及其使用方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用于稳定椎骨构件的装置和方法，更具体地涉及椎间植入体及其用于置换椎间盘、椎骨构件或两者的组合以分散负荷和/或稳定脊柱的使用方法。
背景技术
脊柱分为四个区域，分别是颈区、胸区、腰区和骶尾区。颈区包括顶部7根椎骨构件，称为C1-C7。胸区包括接下来的12根椎骨构件，称为T1-T12。腰区包括5根椎骨构件L1-L5。骶尾区包括9根融合的椎骨构件，这些椎骨构件形成骶骨和尾骨。脊柱椎骨构件以曲线构型排列，包括颈部曲线、胸部曲线和腰部曲线。椎间盘位于椎骨构件之间，允许屈曲、延伸、侧弯和旋转。
多种状态可导致椎间盘和/或椎骨构件受损。这些损伤可以是多种原因导致的，包括如创伤、退行性疾病、肿瘤或感染之类的特定事件。椎间盘和椎骨构件损伤可引起疼痛、神经缺损和/或运动能力丧失。
多种手术过程包括置换整个椎骨构件或其一部分，置换整个椎间盘或其一部分，或者两者。可插入一种或多种置换植入体来置换受损椎骨构件和/或椎间盘。植入体可降低或消除疼痛和神经缺损并提高运动范围。
发明内容
本发明涉及用于间隔和稳定椎骨构件的植入体和方法。所述植入体可包括第一和第二端板及中间区段，形成内部区域。弹性构件可位于内部区域内以将端板间隔开。弹性构件可具有多种取向、尺寸、形状、密度、弹性模量及其他材料性质，这取决于第一和第二端板间所需的位移。
在根据一个实施方式的使用中，当椎骨构件对齐时，例如当患者站直或处于卧姿时，植入体可具有第一形状。该第一形状可包括相互隔开第一距离的第一和第二端板。在椎骨构件运动期间，可迫使端板相互靠近或远离。这种运动期间，与弹性构件相结合的中间区段可变形，从而产生稳定椎骨构件的力。
附图说明
图1是根据一个实施方式的植入体的立体图。
图2是根据一个实施方式的设置在椎骨构件之间的植入体的截面图。
图3是根据一个实施方式的设置在处于屈曲状态的椎骨构件之间的植入体的截面图。
图4是根据一个实施方式具有上下端板和中间区段的主体的立体图。
图5是根据一个实施方式的主体的示意性侧视图。
图6A-F是具有中间区段的主体的各种实施方式的示意性侧视图。
图7是根据一个实施方式的主体的示意性侧视图。
图8A-8H是相对于端板定位的弹性构件的各种实施方式的截面俯视图。
图9A-9D是位于主体内的弹性构件的各种实施方式的示意性侧视图。
图10是根据一个实施方式的弹性构件的截面图。
图11是根据一个实施方式的弹性构件的截面图。
图12是根据一个实施方式的限制件的示意性侧视图。
图13A-13B是根据一个实施方式的限制性的示意性侧视图。
图14A-C是根据一个实施方式的植入体的视图。
图15是根据一个实施方式相对于椎骨构件定位的装置的截面俯视图。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及用于置换椎间盘、椎骨构件或两者的组合的植入体和方法。该植入体包括主体，主体的尺寸被设置成用来置换被切除的元件。主体可包括第一和第二端板以及中间区段，第一、第二端板和中间区段一起形成内部区域。弹性构件位于所述内部区域内。弹性构件可具有多种取向、尺寸、形状、密度、弹性模量和其他材料性质，这取决于第一和第二端板间所需的位移。当椎骨构件对齐时，端板可间隔开第一距离。在椎骨构件运动期间，可迫使端板相互靠近或离开。这种运动可导致与弹性构件相结合的中间区段变形，从而产生防止或减少端板运动的力。
图1显示了植入体的一个实施方式，其包括主体10。主体10包括上端板11、下端板12和中间区段13。中间区段13使端板11、12相互间隔开以形成内部区域14。弹性构件20可位于该内部区域14中。翼片30可从主体10延伸，并提供使主体10相对于椎骨构件100定位的方式。
图2显示了设置在患者体内的图1所示植入体的截面视图。该植入体处于第一位置，其中椎骨构件100大致对齐。上下端板11、12与椎骨构件100相接触。中间区段13位于形成于椎骨构件100之间的空间内。在该实施方式中，中间区段13在接近椎骨构件后侧边缘102而远离前侧边缘101的后侧方向上定位。弹性构件20位于内部区域14内。翼片30延伸到椎骨构件100中以定位植入体。
图3显示了椎骨构件100处于屈曲状态时的植入体。椎骨构件100的运动导致端板11、12相互靠近地向内运动并使弹性构件20和中间区段13发生弹性变形。中间区段13和弹性构件20抵抗屈曲运动并在椎骨构件100上施加向外的力。施加在椎骨构件100上的力的大小可变化，如下详细所述。中间区段13和弹性构件20可由弹性、回弹性材料构成，通过椎骨构件100的重新对准，使它们朝其原始形状恢复。
在一个实施方式中，中间区段13和弹性构件20为柔性的，以提供动态稳定作用，同时维持脊柱一定程度的生物机械运动。在诸如屈曲、延伸、侧弯和旋转的运动期间可维持稳定。中间区段13和弹性构件20的结构具有预定刚性以提供稳定作用。而且，生物机械运动期间刚性可变化。
主体10可包括上下端板11、12和中间区段13。在一个实施方式中，例如图1所示，主体10被构造成具有折叠构型的单一构件。在另一实施方式中，主体10被构造成两个或多个不同的构件。图5显示了一种实施方式，中间区段13由附连于端板11、12的独立片材构成。用一个或多个紧固件16将上端板11附连于构件18。
紧固件16的实施方式可包括铆钉、销钉、螺钉等。下端板12以另一种方式附连于构件18，例如用粘合剂、焊接、硬焊等。图7显示了另一种实施方式，中间区段13由两个独立构件18a、18b构成。在该实施方式中，第一构件18a与端板11一体成形，第二构件18b与端板12一体成形。构件18a、18b以上述方式连接在一起。主体10可由多种材料构成，包括金属、聚合物、陶瓷以及它们的组合。金属的例子包括钛、钛合金如镍钛、不锈钢和钴铬。聚合物的例子包括PEEK、PEEK-碳复合物、聚酰亚胺、聚醚酰亚胺和聚氨酯。陶瓷的例子包括磷酸钙、羟基磷灰石、HAPCP、氧化铝和锆。
端板11、12的形状被设置成接触椎骨构件100。端板11、12的形状被设置成精确匹配椎骨构件100终板的形状。端板11、12的形状和尺寸可变化，接触椎骨构件100的表面区域大小也可变化。图14A-C所示实施方式包括凸面端板11、12。上下端板11、12可具有相同的形状和尺寸，或者可具有不同的形状或尺寸。举例来说，图1所示实施方式包括具有基本上相同形状和尺寸的端板11、12。在其他实施方式中，端板11、12可具有不同的形状和尺寸。端板11、12的形状的例子包括圆形、卵圆形、椭圆形、肾形、方形、矩形、梯形和飞镖形等。
图4所示实施方式包括上端板11和下端板12，上端板11具有裂口构型，该构型包括第一指11a和第二指11b，下端板12由单一区段构成，该单一区段具有开口15。在一个实施方式中，指11a、11b间形成的空间与开口15对齐。在一个实施方式中，端板11、12具有平面结构，如图4、6A和6B的实施方式所示。在另一实施方式中，端板11、12为弯曲结构，如图6C和6F所示。在又一些实施方式中，端板11、12是弯曲区段和平面区段的组合，如图6D的实施方式所示。
当没有外力施加在植入体上时，端板11、12可以各种相对角度位置定位。在一个实施方式中，端板11、12基本上平行。在另一个实施方式中，端板11、12从中间区段13向外倾斜，使得中间区段13的高度在中间区段13附近较小而朝端板11、12的末端增大。在另一个实施方式中，端板11、12随着从中间区段13的延伸而向内倾斜。
中间区段13在端板11、12间延伸，并提供对端板11、12运动的阻力。中间区段13可具有多种形状。在图5所示的一个实施方式中，中间区段13具有大致平面的上下区段。在其他实施方式中，中间区段13具有弯曲形状。在各种其他实施方式中，中间区段13是平面形状和弯曲形状的组合。中间区段13的宽度与端板11、12的一个或两个基本上相同或不同。在图14A-C所示的实施方式中，中间区段13的宽度小于端板11、12。较窄的宽度可沿主体10的中线居中，或者偏离中线。中间区段13的厚度可与端板11、12的一个或两个相同或不同。在一个实施方式中，中间区段13包括两个分隔开的独立区段，如图8H所示。
在一些实施方式中，中间区段13由单一构件18构成。图6A显示的一个实施方式中，中间区段13为弯曲形状，端板11、12之间具有重叠构型。图6B显示的一个实施方式中，中间区段13具有重叠构型并且包括平面和弯曲区段。图6C显示的实施方式具有多个重叠区段。图6D显示的实施方式中，中间区段13在构件18的两个区段之间具有闭合区段17。
中间区段13的实施方式可包括多重构件18。图6E显示的实施方式具有弯曲的第一支撑区段18a和第二支撑区段18b。图6F显示了另一种实施方式，中间区段13包括区段18a、18b个18c。区段18a从端板11、12延伸。区段18b、18形成十字形。在具有多重构件18的实施方式中，构件18可以整体方式构成，或者由多个不同的构件紧固在一起而构成。构件18可沿整个端板11、12的宽度延伸，或者沿宽度的有限部分延伸。在图4所示实施方式中，构件18基本上沿整个宽度延伸。在图14C所示的实施方式中，构件18沿端板11、12的有限宽度延伸。
此外，主体可包括多重构件18，如图8F和8H所示。在具有多重构件18的实施方式中，构件可具有相同的结构，或者可具有不同的结构。
弹性构件20位于内部空间14内，并具有能对抗和阻止端板11、12的运动的刚性。弹性构件20分担施加在植入体上的负荷，可防止中间区段13的疲劳失效。弹性构件20可产生大致线性或非线性的阻力，以阻止端板11、12的运动。
弹性构件20可由各种不同的材料构成。构件20可具有弹性并在端板11、12的运动期间改变形状。这种材料的例子包括弹性或橡胶聚合物、水凝胶或其他亲水聚合物、或其复合材料。尤其合适的弹性体包括聚硅氧烷、聚氨酯、聚硅氧烷和聚氨酯的共聚物、聚烯烃如聚异丙烯和聚异戊二烯、氯丁二烯橡胶、腈、硬化橡胶以及它们的组合。聚氨酯的例子包括热塑性聚氨酯、脂肪族聚氨酯、嵌段聚氨酯、亲水聚氨酯、聚醚氨基甲酸乙酯、聚碳酸酯-氨基甲酸乙酯和聚硅氧烷聚醚氨基甲酸乙酯。其他合适的亲水聚合物包括聚乙烯醇水凝胶、聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶、聚丙烯酸水凝胶、聚(N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮)水凝胶、聚甲基丙烯酸羟乙基酯水凝胶、和天然来源的材料如胶原和多糖，例如透明质酸和交联的含羧基多糖，以及它们的组合。弹性构件20可连接于主体10，或者可以在内部区域14内自由定位。在一个实施方式中，弹性构件20连接于端板11、12和中间区段13中的一个或多个。可用机械紧固件如螺钉、销钉、铆钉等连接弹性构件20。在另一种实施方式中，弹性构件20通过粘合剂连接于主体10。在一个实施方式中，端板11、12和中间区段13中的一个或多个的内缘包括粗糙化表面、螺脊、齿等，以维持弹性构件20的定位。在一个实施方式中，弹性构件20的形状被设置成与端板11、12的一个或两个相连。在一个具体的实施方式中，弹性构件20具有用于安装到从端板延伸的延伸部上的鸠尾榫形凹陷。
一旦与两个端板11、12相连，弹性构件20提供对向内和向外运动的阻力。在端板11、12向内运动期间，弹性构件20被压缩并提供对向内运动的阻力。端板11、12向外运动期间，弹性构件20处于拉伸状态而提供阻力。在一个实施方式中，弹性构件20在椎骨构件屈曲运动期间处于压缩状态而在伸展运动期间处于拉伸状态。
在一个实施方式中，弹性构件20仅与端板11或12中的一个相连，或者当弹性构件20位于端板11、12之间且与其都不相连时，弹性构件20能提供对抗向内运动的阻力。在向外运动期间，弹性构件20可不处于拉伸状态，对抗向外运动的阻力限于中间区段13。
弹性构件20可与中间区段13隔开或与其相接触。弹性构件20还可具有各种高度和宽度。在多种实施方式中，弹性构件2由单一构件构成，如图8A-8E所示。图8A显示的实施方式中，弹性构件20大致为矩形。图8B显示了大致C形的弹性构件20，其基部背对中间区段13的支撑构件18面向前侧方向。图8C显示的弹性构件20具有与端板12相接触的矩形第一表面和向上逐渐变小的四个平面侧壁。图8D显示的实施方式具有不规则非对称形状。图8E显示的实施方式具有大致C形的弹性构件20，基部沿后侧方向面向中间区段13的支撑构件18。
弹性构件20还可包括两个或多个独立的构件。独立构件可具有相同的结构，或者可由不同刚性的不同材料构成。图8F显示的实施方式具有三个独立的弹性构件20a、20b、20c。弹性构件20a、20b、20c各自独立并位于中间区域14内，并且具有大致矩形形状。
图8G显示了另一种实施方式，弹性构件20a、20b、20c各自具有圆形截面形状。图8H显示的实施方式中，第一弹性构件20a位于第二弹性构件20b内。在一个实施方式中，弹性构件20a、20b连接在一起。在图8G和8H所示实施方式中，弹性构件20可以是圆柱形、球形或锥形形状。
未变形状态下，弹性构件20可具有多种高度H。在一个实施方式中，高度大小适合构件20在两个端板11、12间延伸并接触两个端板。在一个实施方式中，整个弹性构件20的高度H基本上相同。在图9A和9B所示的另一些实施方式中，高度H可沿弹性构件20发生变化。在一个实施方式中，当椎骨构件对齐时，弹性构件20具有第一高度。当处于压缩状态时，弹性构件20具有较小的高度。如果处于伸展状态，弹性构件20延展并具有较大的高度。
图9A包括高度随着离开中间区段13而变小的弹性构件20，图9B包括高度随着离开中间区段13而增加的弹性构件20。
植入体可提供对抗变形的可变阻力。可变阻力在椎骨运动初始量时的阻力较小，但当椎骨运动较大时则施加较大的力。例如，植入体可被设计成能在端板11、12初始运动量期间几乎不提供阻力。当端板11、12的运动超出初始量时则对椎骨构件施加较大的阻力。在一些实施方式中，弹性构件20和中间区段13的刚性随运动量的增加而增加。一个或两个构件离开初始的第一位置越远，其施加的阻力的量越大。
压缩期间的可变阻力也可由弹性构件20的高度所导致。在一个实施方式中，弹性构件20的高度小于内部区域的高度(即构件20不接触两个端板11、12)。对抗端板11、12初始向内运动的阻力限于中间区段13。弹性构件20不影响刚性直到其接触两个端板11、12并开始变形。在一个实施方式中，端板初始运动量期间，变形限于中间区段13。运动超出该初始量时，除中间区段13继续变形外，端板11、12还开始导致弹性构件20变形，引起植入体较大的刚性并产生对抗进一步运动的更大阻力。
弹性构件20的形状可进一步导致对抗形变的可变阻力。端板11、12与弹性构件20之间较大的接触量可导致较大的阻力。以图9A和9B的实施方式举例来说，弹性构件20的尖峰形状在端板11、12初始向内运动量期间提供较小的阻力。端板11、12进一步向内运动导致弹性构件20发生较大程度的变形而产生较大的阻力。
可变阻力也可由多重弹性构件提供。图9C显示的实施方式具有两个独立的弹性构件20a和20b。在端板11、12向内运动期间，内侧弹性构件20a开始被接触，因而产生第一阻力量。第二弹性构件20b不与端板11接触直到端板11、12压缩超出预定量。这种压缩可导致弹性构件20b随后发生变形，产生额外的阻力量。在该实施方式中，弹性构件20a、20b可具有相同或不同的刚性。
图9D显示的实施方式中，单个弹性构件20由具有不同刚性的第一和第二材料28a、28b构成。端板11、12的初始压缩导致第一材料28变形，产生第一阻力。进一步压缩则导致第一和第二材料28a、28b发生变形，该变形提供附加的阻力。
在另一种实施方式中(未示出)，第一和的第二构件20a、20b各自与两个端板11、12都附连。在该实施方式中，第一构件20a的高度比第二构件20b高度。在端板11、12的初始向外运动期间，第二构件20b先于第一构件20a处于拉伸状态。向外运动到预定量之后，第一构件20a也处于拉伸状态，因而对抗端板11、12运动的总的阻力增加。弹性构件20可以不同程度地填充内部区域14。如图2的实施方式所示，构件20填充有限量的内部区域14。在图10和11所示的另一种实施方式中，弹性构件20基本上充满整个内部区域14。在图10和11所示的实施方式中，弹性构件20内设置有空隙21。在一个实施方式中，空隙具有特定的形状和尺寸以控制弹性构件20的支撑能力。空隙21基本上不含材料，或者用不同于弹性构件20的材料进行填充。如图10所示，空隙21可位于弹性构件20内部，或者可如图11所示那样沿一条边定位。
在一个实施方式中，弹性构件20完全位于内部区域14内。在其他实施方式中，弹性构件20位于内部区域14内并从一侧或多侧向外延伸。
限制件可防止端板11、12运动超出预定量。图12显示的实施方式中，刚性限制件75位于内部区域14内。端板11、12的向内运动将导致弹性构件20发生变形。在预定运动量时，限制件75的顶边接触端板11并阻止进一步的向内运动。限制件75可具有多种不同的形状和取向。
在另一种实施方式中，限制件75由附连于两个端板11、12的非弹性构件形成。初始取向时限制件75处于松弛状态，因为限制件75的长度大于端板11、12间的距离。当端板11、12向外运动预定的距离之后，限制件75变紧并限制进一步的向外运动。
另一种限制性实施方式如图13A和13B所示。端板11、12形成为末端19位于中间区段13的相对侧。在图13A所示的第一位置，末端19相互分开。这就允许端板11、12在椎骨运动期间向内运动。向内运动预定量之后，末端19相互接触，如图13B所示，并阻止进一步的向内运动。
在一个实施方式中，龙骨从端板11、12的一个或两个向外延伸而与椎骨构件100相接触。在图2所示的实施方式中，翼片30位于椎骨构件100内。在另一实施方式中，翼片30沿椎骨100的外缘定位，内部区域14和中间区段13位于椎骨构件100之间。翼片30可包括用于接纳紧固件的孔，以使植入体附连于椎骨构件100。
在一个实施方式中，一个或两个端板11、12被构造成与椎骨构件的接触增加。在一个实施方式中，端板11、12由多孔材料构成。在另一实施方式中，端板11、12具有纹理。在又一些实施方式中，端板11、12包括道钉或锯齿。在一个实施方式中，端板11、12的一个或两个可涂覆有骨诱导性材料。该材料的实施方式可包括羟基磷灰石和BMP。
椎骨运动可导致11、12相对运动。术语“向内运动”、“向外运动”等在本文中为一般含义，用于描述使端板11、12间距离减小或增加的端板11、12的一般运动。在这种运动期间，端板11、12可直接相互靠近或相互远离，或者可存在某种对抗运动的横向元件。并且，椎骨运动可导致端板11、12的一个或两个的运动。
装置可以多种不同的方式设置到椎间盘间隙内，包括前路方法和侧路方法。在一个实施方式中，装置通过后路方法插入。
在一个实施方式中，将多个装置插入椎间盘间隙内，如图15所示。在该实施方式中，装置相对于椎骨构件200在椎间盘间隙内双侧定位。
在另一实施方式中，插入单个装置来校正脊柱侧凸。在该实施方式中，将装置设置到脊柱的凹侧上以增加较低侧的盘高度。
在一个实施方式中，将弹性构件20放置到内部区域14内之后再将植入体设置到椎间隙内。在另一实施方式中，先将主体10设置到椎间隙内，然后再将弹性构件20设置到内部区域14内。
本文所用术语“具有”、“包含”、“包括”、“含有”等是开放术语，表示具有所述元件或特征，但不排斥其他元件或特征。量词“一”、“一个”和“这个”旨在包括单数和复数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其它的意思。
空间相对术语如“下”、“下方”、“下侧”、“上方”、“上”、“中间“等只是为了便于描述，用于解释各个元件的定位。这些术语旨在包括除附图所示不同取向以外其他不同的装置取向。而且，术语如“第一”、“第二”等也是用于描述各种元件、区域、部分等，并且也不是限制性的。本说明书中，类似的术语表示类似的元件。
本发明可以除本文所述之外的其他特定方式来实现而不背离本发明的范围和基本特征。在一个实施方式中，植入体可代替所有或部分的盘。在另一实施方式中，植入体代替所有或部分的盘以及所有或部分的一个或多个椎骨构件。中间区段13可与端板11、12具有相同的宽度，或者可具有不同的宽度。中间区段13也可与端板11、12具有相同或不同的厚度。因此，本发明的实施方式在所有方面都应认为是示例性而非限制性的，所附权利要求的含义范围及其等价范围内的所有改变都包括其中。

Claims (30)

1.一种设置在椎骨构件之间的椎间装置，所述装置包括：
具有重叠构型的细长构件，该细长构件具有中间区段，将第一和第二端板相互分隔开；和
位于所述第一和第二端板之间并邻近所述中间区段的弹性构件，所述弹性构件的尺寸被设定成在所述椎骨构件的运动期间使所述第一和第二端板间隔开。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一端板具有不同于所述第二端板的形状。
3.如权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一端板包括第一和第二分离指件。
4.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述中间区段及所述第一和第二端板大致形成C形。
5.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述中间区段具有重叠形状。
6.如权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于，所述中间区段包括第一和第二支撑构件。
7.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述弹性构件间隔离开所述中间区段。
8.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括位于所述第一和第二端板之间的第二弹性构件，所述第二弹性构件间隔离开所述弹性构件。
9.如权利要求8所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二弹性构件具有不同于所述弹性构件的刚性。
10.如权利要求8所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二弹性构件具有不同于所述弹性构件的高度。
11.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括位于所述第一和第二端板之间的限制件，所述限制件被构造成限制所述第一和第二端板超出预定量的运动。
12.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述弹性构件具有在第一边缘和第二边缘之间测定的长度，所述弹性构件的高度沿其长度可变。
13.一种设置在椎骨元件之间的椎间装置，所述装置包括：
弹性构件；
位于所述弹性构件上方的第一端板和位于所述弹性构件下方的第二端板；和
位于所述第一和第二端板端部并将所述第一和第二端板连接在一起的中间构件，所述中间构件和弹性构件被构造成将所述第一和第二端板维持在分开构型。
14.如权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一和第二端板至少部分地重叠。
15.如权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一和第二端板及中间构件围绕所述弹性构件的三个面延伸。
16.如权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述中间构件具有重叠构型。
17.如权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述中间构件的第一区段大致为平面，所述中间构件的第二区段大致弯曲。
18.如权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一端板连接于所述中间区段。
19.如权利要求18所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括用于将所述第一端板和所述中间区域连接在一起的连接装置。
20.如权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一和的第二端板以及中间区段由单一细长构件构成。
21.一种设置在椎骨构件之间的椎间装置，所述装置包括：
具有一定宽度的柔性主体，它被设置成重叠构型以限定三面空腔；和
设置在所述空腔内的弹性构件，其尺寸被设置成使所述柔性主体的第一和第二区段相互隔开。
22.如权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述柔性主体包括具有重叠构型的中间区段，所述中间区域使所述第一和第二区段间隔开。
23.如权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括设置于所述空腔内的第二弹性构件。
24.如权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括设置在所述空腔内的限制件，所述限制件被构造成防止所述柔性主体的第一和第二端板运动超出预定限度。
25.如权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述弹性构件的高度沿所述弹性构件的长度变化。
26.一种设置在椎骨构件之间的椎间装置，所述装置包括：
弹性构件；
位于所述弹性构件上方的第一端板和位于所述弹性构件下方的第二端板；和
与所述第一和第二端板一体成形并且位于所述第一和第二端板的端部的中间构件，所述中间构件和弹性构件可变形以在椎骨构件的运动期间向所述第一和第二端板施加力。
27.如权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，所述弹性构件向外延伸超出所述第一和第二端板。
28.如权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括设置在所述端板之间的第二弹性构件，所述第二弹性构件具有不同于所述弹性构件的刚性。
29.如权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，所述弹性构件具有可变高度。
30.一种设置在椎骨构件之间的椎间装置，所述装置包括：
具有折叠取向的细长构件，形成第一和第二端板以及中间区段；
设置在所述第一和第二端板之间的弹性构件，所述弹性构件具有一定刚性，以在所述第一和第二端板向内运动超出预定量时向所述第一和第二端板施加向外的力。
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