CN101403425B - Speed-down mechanism of electric tool - Google Patents

Speed-down mechanism of electric tool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101403425B
CN101403425B CN 200810132381 CN200810132381A CN101403425B CN 101403425 B CN101403425 B CN 101403425B CN 200810132381 CN200810132381 CN 200810132381 CN 200810132381 A CN200810132381 A CN 200810132381A CN 101403425 B CN101403425 B CN 101403425B
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gear
mentioned
jack shaft
shaft
bearing
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CN101403425A (en
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松原功治
中嶋辰夫
福冈彻
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Makita Corp
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Makita Corp
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of two reduction gears of electric tool, wherein deceleration mechanism is used to be output to main shaft after the output revolving speed of motor slows down, in the two reduction gear, due to passing through helical gear engagement, axial thrust acts on jackshaft, so that the jackshaft is axially vibrated, lead to the generation of noise. It is an object of the present invention to inhibit vibration and the noise of in-between axis to the portable circular saw having using helical gear two reduction gear. Two reduction gear has following structure: jackshaft (31) is supported in a manner of axially displaceable, the teeth directional for supporting two helical gears (34,35) of the jackshaft (31) is identical, to which effect has forward axial thrust on the jackshaft (31), this axial thrust is configured in the buffer unit (40) on front side of jackshaft (31) and bears to absorb vibration.

Description

The reducing gear of electric tool
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of reducing gear that is used for electric tool such as portable circular saw for example, this reducing gear will pass to main shaft after will slowing down as the output speed of the motor of driving source.
Background technique
For example, a kind of technology about the reducing gear in the above-mentioned portable circular saw is disclosed in following patent documentation 1.The structure of the reducing gear in the prior art is as follows: as the output shaft of the motor of driving source be equipped with between the main shaft of saw blade and be provided with jack shaft, this jack shaft is provided with two helical gears as intermediate gear (spiral gear), output speed to motor carries out double reduction thus, wherein, the actuation gear engagement of intermediate gear and motor output shaft, the output gear engagement of another intermediate gear and main shaft side, by setting in the same way the teeth directional of two intermediate gears in this reducing gear for (right-hand teeth or left-hand teeth), can make the action direction of the end thrust that produces respectively by two groups of above-mentioned gear meshing opposite each other, the end thrust that acts on jack shaft from two different direction is cancelled out each other, like this, can reduce the end thrust of the bearing that acts on this jack shaft of swivel bearing, thereby improve the serviceability of bearing.
In addition, recorded and narrated following technology in the following patent documentation 1, promptly, on the basis of said structure, by two intermediate gears are set at the helix angle that differs from one another, the end thrust that acts on jack shaft is fixing in one direction, bear effectively by the bearing of a side.
[patent documentation 1] Japanese patent of invention open communique spy open 2007-210063 number
[patent documentation 2] Japanese patent of invention open communique spy open flat 11-333762 number
[patent documentation 3] Japanese Utility Model patent disclosure communique is real to be opened clear 55-74252 number
But, the reducing gear of above-mentioned prior art is necessary further to improve.Reason is to exist in the prior art following problem: as the saw blade of circle being cut material to be processed with the peculiar phenomenon of the annular saw that carries out cutting process, promptly, each tooth (chip) of saw blade is subjected to the cutting resistance of material to be processed discontinuously, cause play (shake) in the backlash scope of helical gear on sense of rotation of the helical gear of intermeshing driving side and slave end, cause the generation of noise (gear sound).
In the first class reducer structure of prior art, the actuation gear of motor (helical gear) directly meshes with the output gear (helical gear) of main shaft, its structure is as follows, the rotor of motor with only vertically the mode of slight displacement be supported, one end of rotor shaft (motor output shaft) and elastomer butt, absorb the vibration vertically that rotor shaft produces because of above-mentioned cutting resistance etc. by this elastomer, above-mentioned technology is for example disclosing in the above-mentioned patent documentation 1,2.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of helical gear two reduction gear that adopted, adopt the present invention, the vibration or the noise at two reduction gear place in the time of can weakening electric tool saw blade cutting process.Based on this purpose, the present invention adopts the reducing gear of the structure of recording and narrating in following each technological scheme.
Provide a kind of reducing gear in the technological scheme 1 of the present invention, it is used for the motor is the electric tool of driving source, after the rotational delay of described reducing gear with above-mentioned motor generation, pass to the main shaft that processing head can be installed, it is characterized in that, described reducing gear has following structure, have the output shaft that is arranged on above-mentioned motor and the jack shaft between the above-mentioned main shaft, between the output shaft of above-mentioned motor and the above-mentioned jack shaft, and between above-mentioned jack shaft and the above-mentioned main shaft, by its engagement the rotation that above-mentioned motor produces is passed to above-mentioned main shaft through double reduction with helical gear respectively, above-mentioned jack shaft is supported in the mode that can move on it is axial, at least the one end is equipped with buffer unit, and described buffer unit is used for absorbing the end thrust that produces owing to above-mentioned helical gear engagement.
With regard to the reducing gear of recording and narrating in the technological scheme 1, the helical gear engagement of the rotation process secondary that motor produces is decelerated and passes to main shaft.Owing to be the structure that the rotation that motor produces is exported behind double reduction, so the helical gear diameter on the main shaft can be provided with less than helical gear diameter in the structure that only adopts one-level to slow down, spindle axis in the portable circular saw for example can be got with respect to the height setting of base thus less, thereby can enlarge the adjustment range of saw blade penetraction depth.
In this two reduction gear, an intermediate gear engagement on the actuation gear of motor and the jack shaft, simultaneously, intermediate gear on another jack shaft and the engagement of the output gear of main shaft, by above-mentioned engagement, the component vertically of cutting resistance acts on jack shaft as end thrust respectively, and this end thrust causes this jack shaft along its axial vibration.But the structure that adopts technological scheme 1 to record and narrate can utilize buffer unit to absorb this vibration, and suppresses noise generation such in the prior art.
In the reducing gear of technical solution of the present invention 2, on above-mentioned jack shaft, the buffer unit that is used for absorbing above-mentioned end thrust also is housed on the rotor shaft of above-mentioned motor.
With regard to the reducing gear that technological scheme 2 is recorded and narrated, not only can absorb the vibration of jack shaft, can also absorb the vibration of motor output shaft, like this, can further effectively suppress the vibration and the consequent noise of this electric tool.
In the reducing gear of technical solution of the present invention 3, above-mentioned jack shaft is bearing on the gear-box by bearing, this gear-box rotation relatively, and above-mentioned jack shaft can moving axially by the relative said gear case of bearing, and move in the axial direction, above-mentioned buffer unit is contained between above-mentioned bearing and the said gear case.
With regard to the reducing gear that technological scheme 3 is recorded and narrated, can absorb because of end thrust acts on the vibration that produces on the bearing of jack shaft and this jack shaft of swivel bearing, suppress noise thus and improve the serviceability of this bearing.
In the reducing gear of technical solution of the present invention 4, in the two ends vertically of above-mentioned jack shaft, between bearing that the top of that side that above-mentioned processing head is installed is supported and the said gear case described buffer unit is housed.
With regard to the reducing gear that technological scheme 4 is recorded and narrated, the vibration to axial top one side (processing head side) of jack shaft can be cushioned parts and absorb, and, only need just can suppress vibration at the one-sided buffer unit of putting into.
In the reducing gear of technical solution of the present invention 5, above-mentioned jack shaft upper support has the 2nd gear and the 3rd gear, wherein, and the 1st gear engagement of the output shaft of the 2nd gear and above-mentioned motor, the 4th gear engagement of the 3rd gear and above-mentioned main shaft, the 2nd gear is identical with the teeth directional of the 3rd gear.
With regard to the reducing gear that technological scheme 5 is recorded and narrated, because the 2nd gear that is supported by jack shaft is identical with the teeth directional of the 3rd gear, so because of the 1st gear and the 2nd gear, the 3rd gear and the 4th gear meshing and the end thrust that produces separately along the directive effect of opposite (counteracting) on this jack shaft, pretending the end thrust that is used on this jack shaft partly cancels out each other, so, can reduce the end thrust that acts on this jack shaft.In addition, at this moment, as the end thrust of both direction is varied in size, by big (end thrust big or small different) that the end thrust of one of them direction is set, can on jack shaft, have only the end thrust effect of a direction, thereby buffer unit only can be configured in the side that the end thrust effect is arranged on this jack shaft, absorb this vibration effectively.
In the reducing gear that technological scheme 5 is recorded and narrated, the actuation gear of motor output shaft is equivalent to the 1st gear, and the output gear of main shaft is equivalent to the 4th gear.The 2nd gear and the 3rd gear is coaxial is set on the jack shaft, but and one rotation.
In the reducing gear of technical solution of the present invention 6, the helix angle of above-mentioned the 2nd gear is bigger than the helix angle of above-mentioned the 3rd gear, to the axial force of above-mentioned jack shaft generation to above-mentioned tip side, the buffer unit that this axial force is installed in the above-mentioned tip side of above-mentioned jack shaft absorbs thus.
With regard to the reducing gear that technological scheme 6 is recorded and narrated, by the helix angle of the 2nd gear being set greater than the helix angle of the 3rd gear, can be only to the end thrust of jack shaft effect towards its axial tip side (processing first side), therefore, by tip portion configuration buffer unit at jack shaft, can absorb the vibration forward that produces on this jack shaft effectively, and then can weaken effectively as its counteractive vibration.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the portable circular saw plan view with the reducing gear in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sectional arrangement drawing of the expression reducing gear that dissects along (2) among Fig. 1-(2) line.
Fig. 3 is that arrow from Fig. 2 (3) direction is looked, the figure of the general configuration of the reducing gear in the expression embodiments of the present invention.
[symbol description]
1: portable circular saw (cutting machine), 10: base, 11: main shaft, 13: supporting axle, 20: cutter body, 21: saw blade, 22: blade shroud, 23: gear-box, 23a, 23b: bearing hole, 24: engine casing (Eng Cas), 25: motor, 25a: output shaft (rotor shaft), 26: bearing, 27: the 1 gears (actuation gear), 28: set screw nut, 30: reducing gear, 31: jack shaft, 32,33: bearing, 34: the 2 gears (intermediate gear), 35: the 3 gears (intermediate gear), 36: the 4 gears (output gear), 37,38: bearing, 39: distance bush (distance collar), 40: buffer unit (rubber ring)
Embodiment
Next with reference to Fig. 1~Fig. 3 embodiments of the present invention are illustrated.Fig. 1 represents complete cutting machine 1, uses the reducing gear that has as embodiment of the present invention in cutting machine 1.In the present embodiment, describe with the example of portable circular saw as cutting machine.This cutting machine 1 has following structure, cutter body 20 is bearing in the upper surface side (side outside paper among Fig. 1) of flat base 10 with the mode support shaft 13 of direction swing up and down, during work, base 10 is placed on the material to be processed.
Cutter body 20 has the roughly blade shroud 22 of upper half part scope of the circular saw blade 21 of covering.The front end along cut direction of this blade shroud 22 is supported by above-mentioned fulcrum 13, and this blade shroud 22 can be swung at above-below direction.The back side of this blade shroud 22 (upside among Fig. 1) is equipped with gear-box 23.The reducing gear 30 as present embodiment is equipped with in the inside of this gear-box 23.This gear-box 23 with in motor 25 is housed engine casing (Eng Cas) 24 fix.The rotation that motor 25 produces is delivered to main shaft 11 through the following reducing gear 30 as present embodiment that will illustrate.The top of this main shaft 11 is equipped with saw blade 21.The downside of saw blade 21 is outwards outstanding from the lower surface of base 10, and this projection will be cut material to be processed, and this material to be processed is cut.Is that the center swings up and down by making cutter body 20 with supporting axle 3, can change above-mentioned saw blade 21 from the outstanding size of the lower surface of base 10, is adjusted at the cutting-in on the material to be processed thus.
Be assembled in the said gear case 23 as the concrete structure of the reducing gear 30 of present embodiment as shown in Figure 2.The output shaft 25a of motor 25 rotatably is bearing on the gear-box 23 by bearing 26.The spin axis of this output shaft 25a is represented with label C1 in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.Be formed with helical gear 27 on the tip portion of this output shaft 25a.This helical gear 27 is an actuation gear, hereinafter referred to as the 1st gear 27.The 1st gear 27 is projected in the gear-box 23.
Jack shaft 31 is being bearing in the gear-box 23 by bearing 32,33 around the mode of its axis rotation.The spin axis of jack shaft 31 is represented with label C2 in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.As shown in Figure 2, the bearing 32 of tip side (left side among Fig. 2) adopts ball bearing, and the bearing 33 of rear end side (right side among Fig. 2) adopts needle bearing.In addition, in this manual, saw blade 21 sides (processing first side) are called tip side or front side in the axial direction, its opposite distolateral rear end side or rear side of being called.
Two helical gears 34,35 are installed on the jack shaft 31.Two helical gears 34,35 are fixed on the jack shaft 31, can coaxially rotate with these jack shaft 31 one (spin axis C2).In two helical gears 34,35 on the jack shaft 31, the helical gear 34 of rear side and 27 engagements of the 1st gear, the helical gear 35 of front side and helical gear 36 engagements that are fixed on the main shaft 11.Below, helical gear 34,35,36 is called the 2nd gear the 34, the 3rd gear the 35, the 4th gear 36 successively.The intermediate gear that the 2nd gear 34 and the 3rd gear 35 are equivalent to record and narrate in claims.Like this, by the engagement of the 1st gear 27 and the 2nd gear 34, the engagement of the 3rd gear 35 and the 4th gear 36, the rotation that motor 25 produces pass to main shaft 11 after by double reduction.
Because reducing gear is the structure that passes to main shaft 11 as the above-mentioned rotation that motor 25 is produced behind double reduction, so the gear diameter of the 4th gear 36 can be provided with less, like this, both can guarantee enough reduction speed ratio, the distance (the core diameter height of axis C3) between the lower surface (and bearing surface of material to be processed) of main shaft 11 and base 10 can be reduced again, thereby the adjustment range of the penetraction depth of saw blade 21 can be enlarged.
The bearing state of jack shaft 31 that supports the 2nd gear 34 and the 3rd gear 35 is for only there being very little range (about 1mm) removable in the axial direction.In the present embodiment, the bearing 32 of front side is supported in the mode that moves vertically in the bearing hole 23a that can be provided with on gear-box 23, and this jack shaft 31 is supported in axially displaceable mode.Accompany buffer unit 40 between the bottom of bearing hole 23a and the bearing 32.This buffer unit 40 adopts thickness to be about the annular rubber ring of 3mm.Utilize these buffer unit 40 absorptions in the end thrust of bearing 32 and jack shaft 31.In addition, for being set at of elasticity coefficient (elasticity capacity) of the material of this buffer unit 40: can guarantee that the end thrust of setting (displacement vertically) is had enough impact absorption abilities (can crushedly not tearing), and the serviceability that can guarantee this buffer unit 40.
Because the rear side of jack shaft 31 is by needle bearing (bearing 33) supporting, so this bearing 33 relatively, jack shaft 31 only can a littlely in the axial direction move.
Main shaft 11 by bearing 37,38 being supported in the gear-box 23 around the mode of its axis rotation.The spin axis of main shaft 11 is represented with label C3 in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.In present embodiment as shown in the figure, identical with jack shaft 31, the bearing 37 of front side adopts ball bearing, and the bearing 38 of rear side adopts needle bearing.The tip portion of main shaft 11 is outstanding in blade shroud 22 from gear-box 23, and saw blade 21 is installed on this projection.
The bearing 37 of front side is incorporated in the bearing hole 23b of gear-box 23, and is fixed in irremovable in the axial direction mode by set screw nut 28.This main shaft 11 is supported by this bearing 37 in the mode that can not move vertically.Between the bearing 37 of the 4th gear 36 on this main shaft 11 and front side, distance bush 39 is housed.The 4th gear 36 is sandwiched between the flange 11a and this distance bush 39 that is arranged on the main shaft 11, is fixed in the mode that can not move in the axial direction.
The structure of the reducing gear 30 in the aforesaid present embodiment is: by the engagement of the 1st gear 27 and the 2nd gear 34, and the engagement of the 3rd gear 35 and the 4th gear 36, the rotation that motor 25 is produced passes to main shaft 11 behind double reduction.The the 1st~the 4th gear 27,34,35,36 all adopts helical gear (spiral gear helical gear).
The teeth directional of four helical gears 27,34,35,36 and helix angle are through design.In the present embodiment, the 2nd gear 34 on the jack shaft 31 and the teeth directional of the 3rd gear 35 are configured to mutually the same.Therefore, owing to the engagement of the 1st gear 27 and the 2nd gear 34 is applied the action direction of the end thrust on the jack shaft 31, the action direction that is applied the end thrust on the jack shaft 31 with engagement owing to the 3rd gear 35 and the 4th gear 36 is opposite each other.In the present embodiment the former is set at forward (among Fig. 2 left), the latter is set at backwards (among Fig. 3 to the right).Therefore, the former end thrust and the latter's end thrust partly offsets.
And in the present embodiment, for two intermediate gears, the helix angle of the 2nd gear 34 of setting driving side is greater than the helix angle of the 3rd gear 35.Therefore, the end thrust forward that is produced by the engagement of the 1st gear 27 and the 2nd gear 34 is greater than the end thrust backwards by the engagement generation of the 3rd gear 35 and the 4th gear 36, like this, after the end thrust of both direction partly offsets, still act on the end thrust that has forward on the jack shaft 31.Because the sense of rotation (sense of rotation of motor 25) of annular saw 21 is fixed, so the action direction that acts on the end thrust on this jack shaft 31 all the time forward.The above-mentioned end thrust forward that acts on the jack shaft 31, as each blade of saw blade 21 discontinuously (discontinuity) be subjected to produce and act on jack shaft 31 from the cutting resistance of material to be processed, this end thrust is absorbed by above-mentioned buffer unit 40.
In addition, owing on jack shaft 31, act on the end thrust that has forward,, on the output shaft 25a of motor 25, also act on the end thrust that has backward after the engagement of the 1st gear 27 and the 2nd gear 34 is transmitted.The buffer unit that the end thrust backward that acts on this motor output shaft 25a (rotor shaft) is installed in the rear portion side of this output shaft 25a absorbs, and the buffer unit of rear portion side that wherein is contained in output shaft 25a is same as the prior art, omits in diagram.
Adopt as the reducing gear 30 in the present embodiment of above-mentioned structure, promptly the rotation that motor 25 is produced is carried out the mechanism of double reduction, (vibration) acts on the jack shaft 31 discontinuously even the cutting resistance of the material to be processed that saw blade 21 is subjected to is as end thrust, also since the vibration (end thrust) of this jack shaft 31 be cushioned parts 40 and bear, so can absorb the vibration vertically of this main shaft 11, and can weaken the noise in the similar device thus.
Like this, for the cutting machine that has adopted circular saw blade 21, particularly by outputing to the cutting machine of main shaft 11 behind the rotation double reduction of helical gear engagement with motor 25 generations, its peculiar vibration and the noise that therefore rises can be reduced largely by utilizing buffer unit 40, also can weaken noise in addition.
Situation for present embodiment, because the sense of rotation of saw blade 21 is constant all the time, therefore jack shaft 31 is imposed forward end thrust, thereby can adopt the structure that only (processing head 21 1 sides) configuration buffer unit 40 comes bearing axial pushing force in the front side, like this, all dispose the simple in structure of buffer unit equally than the front side rear side, and can obtain identical with it action effect.
Can apply various distortion to above-mentioned mode of execution.For example, though be that example describes with the structure that only is inserted with buffer unit 40 in the front side of jack shaft 31, the structure that also can adopt in the front side, rear side all is inserted with shock absorber.
In addition, though the teeth directional of two intermediate gears (the 2nd gear the 35, the 3rd gear 36) is identical in example, thereby make the action direction of the end thrust that acts on jack shaft 31 opposite each other, but also can adopt the teeth directional of two intermediate gears opposite each other, jack shaft 31 is applied forward end thrust respectively, and absorb the structure of these end thrusts by buffer unit 40.
In addition, though in example, bear the structure that acts on the end thrust on the jack shaft 31 via bearing 32 for (buffer unit 40), but also can be buffer unit directly and the front end butt of jack shaft, absorb the structure of the end thrust (vibration) of jack shaft.Therefore, also can be to adopt needle bearing on the bearing 32, perhaps the bearing 33 of rear side adopts the structure of ball bearing.
In addition,, also can adopt industrial sponge, in addition, also can adopt springs such as compression helical spring or leaf spring, perhaps air damper etc. as buffer unit though be that example describes as buffer unit with rubber ring.
In addition, also can omit the buffer unit (bearing buffer unit) of the output shaft 25a side of motor to the impact load backwards of the output shaft 25a of motor.
In addition, though describe with the example of portable circular saw among the embodiment as electric tool, but also can adopt the present invention to other cutting machine such as bench saw, perhaps be not limited only to cutting machine, other operation such as super hole cutter or nut runner also can be adopted the structure same with the present invention with electric tool, can obtain equal action effect.

Claims (7)

1. reducing gear, it is used for the motor is the electric tool of driving source, after the rotational delay that described reducing gear produces above-mentioned motor, passes to the main shaft that processing head can be installed, and it is characterized in that described reducing gear has following structure,
Have the output shaft that is arranged on above-mentioned motor and the jack shaft between the above-mentioned main shaft, between the output shaft of above-mentioned motor and the above-mentioned jack shaft, and between above-mentioned jack shaft and the above-mentioned main shaft, by its engagement the rotation that above-mentioned motor produces is passed to above-mentioned main shaft through double reduction with helical gear respectively
Above-mentioned jack shaft is supported in the mode that can move on it is axial, and the one end is equipped with buffer unit at least, and described buffer unit is used for absorbing the end thrust that produces owing to above-mentioned helical gear engagement.
2. reducing gear as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, on above-mentioned jack shaft, the buffer unit that is used for absorbing above-mentioned end thrust also is housed on the rotor shaft of above-mentioned motor.
3. reducing gear as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned jack shaft is bearing on the gear-box by bearing, this gear-box rotation relatively, and above-mentioned jack shaft can moving axially by the relative said gear case of bearing, and move in the axial direction, above-mentioned buffer unit is contained between above-mentioned bearing and the said gear case.
4. as any described reducing gear in the claim 1~2, it is characterized in that, in the two ends vertically of above-mentioned jack shaft, between bearing that the top that above-mentioned that side of processing head can be installed is supported and the said gear case described buffer unit is housed.
5. as any described reducing gear in the claim 1~2, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned jack shaft upper support has the 2nd gear and the 3rd gear, wherein, the 1st gear engagement of the output shaft of the 2nd gear and above-mentioned motor, the 4th gear engagement of the 3rd gear and above-mentioned main shaft, the 2nd gear is identical with the teeth directional of the 3rd gear.
6. reducing gear as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned jack shaft upper support has the 2nd gear and the 3rd gear, wherein, the 1st gear engagement of the output shaft of the 2nd gear and above-mentioned motor, the 4th gear engagement of the 3rd gear and above-mentioned main shaft, the 2nd gear is identical with the teeth directional of the 3rd gear.
7. the reducing gear as recording and narrating in the claim 6, it is characterized in that, the helix angle of above-mentioned the 2nd gear is bigger than the helix angle of above-mentioned the 3rd gear, and to the axial force of above-mentioned jack shaft generation to above-mentioned tip side, the buffer unit that this axial force is installed in the above-mentioned tip side of above-mentioned jack shaft absorbs thus.
CN 200810132381 2007-10-05 2008-07-16 Speed-down mechanism of electric tool Active CN101403425B (en)

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