CN101396583B - Vision prosthesis device based on optical-disc micro-electrode array - Google Patents
Vision prosthesis device based on optical-disc micro-electrode array Download PDFInfo
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- CN101396583B CN101396583B CN2008102019204A CN200810201920A CN101396583B CN 101396583 B CN101396583 B CN 101396583B CN 2008102019204 A CN2008102019204 A CN 2008102019204A CN 200810201920 A CN200810201920 A CN 200810201920A CN 101396583 B CN101396583 B CN 101396583B
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Abstract
A visual prosthetic device is based on videodisc microelectrode array, belonging to the technical field of medical appliance. The device comprises a microelectrode array substrate, a microelectrode array and an electrode cable, and is characterized by further comprising a cover board and a retina nail; wherein, the two ends of the microelectrode array substrate are respectively provided with a through hole of the retina nail, the middle of microelectrode array substrate is provided with 18 electrode through holes, and the retina nail passes through the through hole of the retina nail to fix the microelectrode array substrate on a videodisc of the retina; the microelectrode array consists of 18 wire electrodes which are fixed in the electrode through holes that are arranged in the center of the microelectrode array substrate, one ends of the wire electrodes are connected in vitro by the electrode cables, and the cover board covers above the electrode through holes of the microelectrode array substrate to fix the microelectrode array. The visual prosthetic device is applied for generating artificial vision and is the medical device for helping the retina blindness patients to gain brightness and vision again.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device of medical equipment technical field, be specifically related to a kind of vision prosthesis device based on optical-disc micro-electrode array.
Background technology
Vision prosthesis device is the medical apparatus that regains bright and vision for the patient who helps retina or other visual organ generation pathological changes.The formation of normal vision is that the photoreceptor cell (cone cell and rod cell) on the retina converts photostimulation to the signal of telecommunication, after amphiblestroid each confluent monolayer cells (horizontal cell, bipolar cell, ganglionic cell etc.) coding, the continuity of the aixs cylinder by ganglionic cell, be optic nerve, neural impulse is transferred to visual cortex.Therefore, the design of vision prosthesis device all is each organ of electrode being implanted pathways for vision at present, be on retina, optic nerve or the visual cortex, electrod-array directly will act on these maincenters and peripheral nervous system through the signal of telecommunication of certain pulses form of coding, the normal process that forms of analog vision.
Vision prosthesis device mainly is divided into retina prosthese, optic nerve prosthese and visual cortex prosthese.Although people are are in depth researching and developing this three kinds of prostheses, these designs itself exist certain limitation.The retina prosthese because implantation position is positioned at the retina foremost of whole pathways for vision, its at patient's disease fewer, suitable application area is corresponding less, also has shortcomings such as the little efficient in the visual field is low in addition.The optic nerve prosthese, because the particularity of optic nerve traveling, therefore its spatial topotaxy is still indeterminate, the implantation of stimulating electrode array and fixing also have certain difficulty will realize on the less nerve tract of diameter that higher spatial resolution has then proposed very high requirement to designing and producing of stimulating electrode array.The visual cortex prosthese because people also are not very abundant for the understanding of brain, therefore will be on visual cortex the latent dangerous factor of implantable stimulation electrod-array operation also bigger, have certain risk, and cause certain mental pressure to the patient easily.
Find by prior art documents, the United States Patent (USP) of JIUYUE in 2007 application on the 27th, number of patent application is US 2007/0225775A1, patent name has also proposed to carry out at optic disc the vision prosthesis device scheme of electricity irritation for " Vision Regeneration AssistingDevice " (visual performance prosthetic device), but the number of electrodes of the stimulating electrode array in this technology is few, electrode length is identical, do not consider when being used on the optic disc, nerve fiber to the diverse location and the degree of depth stimulates, and do not consider the fixed form of electrod-array, therefore do not solve efficient and the practical problems that nerve is carried out electricity irritation, so the combination property of this electrod-array requires further improvement also.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of vision prosthesis device based on optical-disc micro-electrode array is provided, the present invention is at optic disc position implantable stimulation electrod-array, has advantage such as to be convenient to fix, topological relation is clear, spatial resolution is high, risk is little.In addition, the material that is used to make the optic disc stimulating micro electrode array has excellent biological compatibility, can not cause exhibit adverse physiological reactions, and can guarantee the not erosion of physiological environment in the receptor of device, enough pliabilities arranged and the favorable mechanical matching performance is arranged with biological tissue.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes: microelectrode array substrate, cover plate, microelectrode array, electrode cable and retina nail, wherein,
A retina nail via hole is respectively established at the two ends of microelectrode array substrate, the centre position is provided with 18 electrode via holes, the retina nail passes retina nail via hole the micro machine array substrate is fixed on the amphiblestroid optic disc, microelectrode array is made up of 18 wire electrodes, 18 wire electrodes are fixed in the electrode via hole of microelectrode array substrate central authorities, one end of wire electrode links to each other with external by electrode cable, and cover plate is covered in the electrode via hole top of microelectrode array substrate, with fixing microelectrode array.
Described microelectrode array substrate, its material is a bioceramic, bioceramic has good biocompatibility, can not produce allergy and rejection and also can not be subjected to the erosion of body physiological environment, be the flexible suitable material of flintiness that also can guarantee whole microelectrode array when quality is little, its effect is that wire electrode and the intensifier electrode silk in the regularly arranged microelectrode array thrusts intensity; Simultaneously, the microelectrode array substrate is handled through slick and sly, avoids damaging in implantation process and afterwards tissues such as retina.
Described microelectrode array substrate, its thickness are 0.5mm-0.8mm.
Described microelectrode array, the platinumiridio wire electrode that is exposed intermediate insulation by 18 two ends is formed, after passing the electrode via hole that is positioned at microelectrode array substrate central authorities, 18 wire electrodes fix with substrate, one end of wire electrode uses electrochemical method to corrode into the tip becomes stimulating electrode, the insulation position of wire electrode uses poly-C type xylol (Parylene-C) to insulate, and the mass percent of each constituent of platinumiridio is: 80% Pt and 20% Ir.
Described microelectrode array, wire electrode two ends wherein are electrode needle tip and wire connecting ends respectively, and the most advanced and sophisticated length of exposure of electrode needle is 50um-150um; The wire connecting ends length of exposure is 500um, and wire connecting ends links to each other with electrode cable.
Described microelectrode array, its 18 wire electrodes are divided into four rows, be respectively 5,4,5,4, first ranked first the individual reference electrode REF that is, the 3rd ranked fifth the individual ground electrode GND that is, the extension elongation of back four wire electrodes of first row is L1, the extension elongation of second row's wire electrode is L2, the extension elongation of preceding four wire electrodes of the 3rd row is L3, the 4th row's wire electrode, the extension elongation of reference electrode REF and ground electrode GND is L4,0.5mm＜L1＜L2＜L3＜L4＜1.5mm wherein, four row's electrode length Cha ⊿ L equate, be: ⊿ L=L4-L3=L3-L2=L2-L1, adopting this electrod-array arrangement mode different in size is in order to use current impulse to stimulate to different nerve tract, to improve the spatial resolution of vision prosthesis device.
Described microelectrode array, itself and microelectrode array substrate junction cover has the layer of silica gel of high adherence and biocompatibility, with the pad of wire electrode in protection and fixed electrode lead and the stimulating electrode array.
Described microelectrode array, the current loop of its arrangement and formation meets biological characteristic.
Described electrode cable, spun gold for the exposure of intermediate insulation two ends, wherein, an end that exposes links to each other with the wire connecting ends of wire electrode, the electrode cable of 18 wire electrodes is drawn the back from a side of microelectrode array and is wound in one by helical form, and the electrode cable of drawing is the spring shape, so that stretch and contraction, the surface of electrode cable is provided with silica gel, and whole length of extending the electrode cable of microelectrode array is 200mm-250mm.
Described electrode cable, it is in the position that spreads out of eyeball, be encapsulated into a 1mm-3mm platinumiridio stock, the stock two ends are respectively equipped with the clamping rings of a platinumiridio, the internal diameter of clamping rings is 1mm, clamping rings is used for using when microelectrode array is implanted surgical thread to be sutured in eyeball, prevents to cause that owing to eyeball rotates the tractive lead causes coming off of microelectrode array.
Described cover plate, it is made by bioceramic material, cover plate central authorities are provided with a through hole, and a central projection bar is set in the through hole, and the central projection bar is the operating theater instruments retaining part, the central projection bar all has jut in the above and below of cover plate, the top jut adopts hexagonal to cut stricture of vagina, increases contact friction, is convenient to jagged special operation clamping apparatus clamping of sharp mouth and operation technique, the below jut is convenient to insert silica gel, helps the intensifier electrode bulk strength.
Described retina nail, comprise: projection, disk, middle part connecting rod and needle point, the upper end of disk is provided with projection, disk size is less than the external diameter of retina nail via hole, but greater than its internal diameter, the lower end of disk is provided with the middle part connecting rod, the length of middle part connecting rod is greater than the thickness of microelectrode array substrate, be shaped as wide at the top and narrow at the bottomly, middle part connecting rod and needle point are formed the fluking type structure, and the structure of fluking type can make the retina nail better microelectrode array is fixed on the retina.
Described projection, it adopts metal sanding technology to make, and has increased coefficient of friction, is convenient to the operating theater instruments clamping.
Described retina nail, its material is a titanium.
Described retina nail via hole, it is used for by the fixing whole microelectrode array of retina nail, the retina via hole divides two parts up and down, the top internal diameter is 1.1mm-1.3mm, external diameter greater than the disk in the retina nail, the bottom internal diameter size is 0.5mm-0.8mm, between the size of the disk of retina nail and middle part connecting rod external diameter.
Described electrode via hole, it is used for location and installing electrodes silk, and all electrode via hole single passes are shaped, and to guarantee all aperture concordance, the electrode via diameter is greater than the external diameter of wire electrode.
Among the present invention, by performing the operation this microelectrode array implantation and being fixed on the optic disc on optical fundus, the retina nail is fixed microelectrode array by the suprabasil retina via hole of microelectrode array, the electrode cable that links to each other with wire electrode in the electrod-array is connected outside the eyeball, microelectrode array after the implantation is fixed in the optic disc surface that is positioned at the macula lutea nasal side, and the amphiblestroid main blood vessel in optic disc surface is avoided damaging in the position that microelectrode array is implanted.By microelectrode array blind person's optic disc ganglionic cell is carried out the action potential transmission that artificial electrical stimulation replaces normal neurocyte, use little current pulse signal to stimulate through coding, act on ganglionic cell on the optic disc by stimulating electrode, can produce phosphene at visual cortex, reach the effect of repairing visual performance.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: the present invention is different from existing retina, optic nerve and visual cortex prosthese, be intended to be fixed in vision prosthesis device multiple electrode array on the optic disc by use, to directly put on the ganglionic cell of different depth and position through the electric stimulation pulse of coding, with the purpose that realizes helping the blind person to recover light sensation, repair visual performance.The present invention is at optic disc position implantable stimulation electrod-array, has advantage such as to be convenient to fix, topological relation is clear, spatial resolution is high, risk is little.In addition, the material that is used to make the optic disc stimulating micro electrode array has excellent biological compatibility, can not cause exhibit adverse physiological reactions, and can guarantee the not erosion of physiological environment in the receptor of device, enough pliabilities arranged and the favorable mechanical matching performance is arranged with biological tissue.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation among the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view that the microelectrode array of cover plate is not installed among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the location layout figure of wire electrode in the microelectrode array among the present invention;
Fig. 4 be among the present invention microelectrode array in eyeball fixed position and electrode cable draw the route sketch map;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of electrode cable canoe and clamping rings among the present invention;
Fig. 6 is optical fundus sketch map and the microelectrode array at optic disc place and the relative position of macular area among the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, present embodiment comprises: microelectrode array substrate 1, cover plate 2, microelectrode array 4, electrode cable 6 and retina nail 8, wherein,
A retina nail via hole 5 is respectively established at the two ends of microelectrode array substrate 1, the centre position is provided with 18 electrode via holes, retina nail 8 passes retina nail via hole micro machine array substrate 1 is fixed on the amphiblestroid optic disc 15, microelectrode array 4 is made up of 18 wire electrodes 13,18 wire electrodes are fixed in the electrode via hole of microelectrode array substrate 1 central authorities, one end of wire electrode 13 links to each other with external by electrode cable 6, cover plate 2 is covered in the electrode via hole top of microelectrode array substrate 1, with fixing microelectrode array 4.
Described microelectrode array substrate 1, its material is a bioceramic, bioceramic has good biocompatibility, can not produce allergy and rejection and also can not be subjected to the erosion of body physiological environment, be the flexible suitable material of flintiness that also can guarantee whole microelectrode array when quality is little, its effect is that wire electrode 13 and the intensifier electrode silk 13 in the regularly arranged microelectrode array 4 thrusts intensity; Simultaneously, microelectrode array substrate 1 is handled through slick and sly, avoids damaging in implantation process and afterwards tissues such as retina.
Described microelectrode array substrate 1, its thickness are 0.5-0.8mm.
Described microelectrode array 4, the platinumiridio wire electrode 13 that is exposed intermediate insulation by 18 two ends is formed, after passing the electrode via hole that is positioned at microelectrode array substrate 1 central authorities, 18 wire electrodes 13 fix with substrate, one end of wire electrode uses electrochemical method to corrode into the tip becomes stimulating electrode, the insulation position of wire electrode uses poly-C type xylol (Parylene-C) to insulate, and the mass percent of each constituent of platinumiridio is: 80% Pt and 20% Ir.
Described microelectrode array 4, wire electrode 13 two ends wherein are electrode needle tip and wire connecting ends respectively, all adopt light laser to expose and peeled off insulating barrier, the most advanced and sophisticated length of exposure of electrode needle is 50-150um, the angle at electrode needle tip is 30 °, electrochemical corrosion is carried out in the electrode needle tip on the corrosion instrument, so that implant optic disc; The wire connecting ends length of exposure is 500um, and the expose portion of wire connecting ends links to each other with electrode cable 6.
As shown in Figure 3, described microelectrode array 4, its 18 wire electrodes are divided into four rows, be respectively 5,4,5,4, first ranked first the individual reference electrode REF that is, the 3rd ranked fifth the individual ground electrode GND that is, the extension elongation of back four wire electrodes of first row is L1, the extension elongation of second row's wire electrode is L2, the extension elongation of preceding four wire electrodes of the 3rd row is L3, the 4th row's wire electrode, the extension elongation of reference electrode REF and ground electrode GND is L4,0.5mm＜L1＜L2＜L3＜L4＜1.5mm wherein, four row's electrode length Cha ⊿ L equate, i.e.: ⊿ L=L4-L3=L3-L2=L2-L1, adopting this electrod-array arrangement mode different in size is in order to use current impulse to stimulate to different nerve tract, to improve the spatial resolution of vision prosthesis device.
Described microelectrode array 4; itself and microelectrode array substrate 1 junction cover has the layer of silica gel 3 of high adherence and biocompatibility; the thickness of layer of silica gel 3 is 1mm-1.5mm, with the pad of wire electrode 13 in protection and fixed electrode lead 6 and the stimulating electrode array 4.
Described microelectrode array 4, the current loop of its arrangement and formation meets biological characteristic.
As shown in Figure 4, described electrode cable 6, spun gold for the exposure of intermediate insulation two ends, wherein, an end of exposure links to each other with the wire connecting ends of wire electrode 13, and the electrode cable 6 of 18 wire electrodes 13 is drawn the back from a side of microelectrode array 4 and is wound in one by helical form, the electrode cable 6 of drawing is the spring shape, so that stretching and contraction, the surface of electrode cable 6 is provided with silica gel, and whole length of extending the electrode cable 6 of microelectrode array is 200mm-250mm.
As shown in Figure 5, described electrode cable 6, it is in the position that spreads out of eyeball, it is the 40mm place, be encapsulated into a 1mm-3mm platinumiridio stock, the stock two ends are respectively equipped with the clamping rings 14 of a platinumiridio, and the internal diameter of clamping rings 14 is 1mm, clamping rings 14 is used for using when microelectrode array is implanted surgical thread to be sutured in eyeball, prevents to cause that owing to eyeball rotates the tractive lead causes coming off of microelectrode array.
Described cover plate 2, it is made by bioceramic material, and cover plate 2 central authorities are provided with a through hole, aperture 1mm-1.5mm, a central projection bar 7 is set in the through hole, central projection bar 7 is the operating theater instruments retaining part, and central projection bar 7 all has jut in the above and below of cover plate 2, and the top jut adopts hexagonal to cut stricture of vagina, increase contact friction, be convenient to jagged special operation clamping apparatus clamping of sharp mouth and operation technique, the below jut is convenient to insert silica gel, helps the intensifier electrode bulk strength.
As shown in Figure 2, described retina nail 8, comprise: projection 9, disk 10, middle part connecting rod 11 and needle point 12, the upper end of disk 10 is provided with projection 9, disk 10 sizes are less than the external diameter of retina nail via hole 5, but greater than its internal diameter, the lower end of disk 10 is provided with middle part connecting rod 11, the length of middle part connecting rod 11 is greater than the thickness of microelectrode array substrate 1, be shaped as wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, middle part connecting rod 11 and cylindrical needle point 12 are formed the fluking type structure, and the structure of fluking type can make retina nail 8 better microelectrode array 4 is fixed on the retina.
Described projection 9, it adopts metal sanding technology to make, and has increased coefficient of friction, is convenient to the operating theater instruments clamping.
Described retina nail 8, its material is a titanium.
Described retina nail via hole 5, it is used for by the fixing whole microelectrode array of retina nail, the retina via hole is two parts about in the of 5 minutes, the top internal diameter is 1.1-1.3mm, external diameter greater than disk 10 in the retina nail 8, the bottom internal diameter size is 0.5-0.8mm, between the size of the disk 10 of retina nail and middle part connecting rod 11 external diameters;
Described electrode via hole, it is used for location and installing electrodes silk 13, and all electrode via hole single passes are shaped, and to guarantee all aperture concordance, the electrode via diameter is greater than the external diameter of wire electrode 13.
In the present embodiment, by performing the operation 4 implantation of this microelectrode array and being fixed on the optic disc 15 on optical fundus, connect extrabulbar electrode cable 6 cablings as shown in Figure 4, the microelectrode array 4 after the implantation and the relative position of macula retinae 16 are as shown in Figure 6, microelectrode array 4 after the implantation is fixed in the optic disc surface that is positioned at macula lutea 16 nasal sides, as shown in Figure 6, the amphiblestroid main blood vessel in optic disc surface is avoided damaging in the position of microelectrode array implantation.Carry out the action potential transmission that artificial electrical stimulation replaces normal neurocyte by 13 pairs of blind person's optic discs of microelectrode array ganglionic cell, use little current pulse signal to stimulate through coding, act on ganglionic cell on the optic disc by stimulating electrode, can produce phosphene at visual cortex, reach the effect of repairing visual performance.
Present embodiment is at optic disc position implantable stimulation electrod-array, has advantage such as to be convenient to fix, topological relation is clear, spatial resolution is high, risk is little.In addition, the material that is used to make the optic disc stimulating micro electrode array has excellent biological compatibility, can not cause exhibit adverse physiological reactions, and can guarantee the not erosion of physiological environment in the receptor of device, enough pliabilities arranged and the favorable mechanical matching performance is arranged with biological tissue.
Claims (9)
1. vision prosthesis device based on optical-disc micro-electrode array comprises: microelectrode array substrate, microelectrode array, electrode cable, it is characterized in that, and also comprise: cover plate, retina nail, wherein,
A retina nail via hole is respectively established at the two ends of microelectrode array substrate, the centre position is provided with 18 electrode via holes, the retina nail passes retina nail via hole the microelectrode array substrate is fixed on the amphiblestroid optic disc, microelectrode array is made up of 18 wire electrodes, 18 wire electrodes are fixed in the electrode via hole of microelectrode array substrate central authorities, one end of wire electrode links to each other with external by electrode cable, and cover plate is covered in the electrode via hole top of microelectrode array substrate, with fixing microelectrode array;
Described microelectrode array, its 18 wire electrodes are divided into four rows, be respectively 5,4,5,4, first ranked first the individual reference electrode REF that is, the 3rd ranked fifth the individual ground electrode GND that is, the extension elongation of back four wire electrodes of first row is L1, the extension elongation of second row's wire electrode is L2, the extension elongation of preceding four wire electrodes of the 3rd row is L3, the extension elongation of the 4th row wire electrode, reference electrode REF and ground electrode GND is L4,0.5mm＜L1＜L2＜L3＜L4＜1.5mm wherein, four row's electrode length difference Δ L equate, that is: Δ L=L4-L3=L3-L2=L2-L1.
2. the vision prosthesis device based on optical-disc micro-electrode array according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described microelectrode array substrate, its material is a bioceramic, the thickness of microelectrode array substrate is 0.5mm-0.8mm, and the junction of microelectrode array substrate and microelectrode array is coated with layer of silica gel.
3. the vision prosthesis device based on optical-disc micro-electrode array according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described microelectrode array, the platinumiridio wire electrode that is exposed intermediate insulation by 18 two ends is formed, after passing the electrode via hole that is positioned at microelectrode array substrate central authorities, 18 wire electrodes fix with substrate, one end of wire electrode uses electrochemical method to corrode into the tip becomes stimulating electrode, the insulant at wire electrode insulation position is poly-C type xylol, and the mass percent of each constituent of platinumiridio is: 80% Pt and 20% Ir.
4. according to claim 1 or 3 described vision prosthesis devices based on optical-disc micro-electrode array, it is characterized in that, described microelectrode array, wire electrode two ends wherein are respectively electrode needle tip and wire connecting ends, the most advanced and sophisticated length of exposure of electrode needle is 50 microns-150 microns, the wire connecting ends length of exposure is 500 microns, and wire connecting ends links to each other with electrode cable.
5. the vision prosthesis device based on optical-disc micro-electrode array according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described electrode cable, spun gold for the exposure of intermediate insulation two ends, wherein, an end that exposes links to each other with the wire connecting ends of wire electrode, the electrode cable of 18 wire electrodes is drawn the back from a side of microelectrode array and is wound in one by helical form, the electrode cable of drawing is the spring shape, the surface of electrode cable is provided with silica gel, and whole length of extending the electrode cable of microelectrode array is 200mm-250mm.
6. according to claim 1 or 5 based on the vision prosthesis device of optical-disc micro-electrode array, it is characterized in that, described electrode cable, it is in the position that spreads out of eyeball, be encapsulated into a 1mm-3mm platinumiridio stock, the stock two ends are respectively equipped with the clamping rings of a platinumiridio, and the internal diameter of clamping rings is 1mm.
7. the vision prosthesis device based on optical-disc micro-electrode array according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cover plate, it is made by bioceramic material, cover plate central authorities are provided with a through hole, and a central projection bar is set in the through hole, and the central projection bar is the operating theater instruments retaining part, the central projection bar all has jut in the above and below of cover plate, and the top jut adopts hexagonal to cut stricture of vagina.
8. the vision prosthesis device based on optical-disc micro-electrode array according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described retina nail comprises: projection, disk, middle part connecting rod and needle point, and the upper end of disk is provided with projection, disk size is less than the external diameter of retina nail via hole, but greater than its internal diameter, the lower end of disk is provided with the middle part connecting rod, and the length of middle part connecting rod is greater than the thickness of microelectrode array substrate, be shaped as wide at the top and narrow at the bottomly, middle part connecting rod and needle point are formed the fluking type structure.
9. the vision prosthesis device based on optical-disc micro-electrode array according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described retina nail via hole, divide two parts up and down, the top internal diameter is 1.1mm-1.3mm, greater than the external diameter of the disk in the retina nail, the bottom internal diameter size is 0.5mm-0.8mm, between the size of the disk of retina nail and middle part connecting rod external diameter.
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| CN102793592A (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2012-11-28 | 上海交通大学 | Optic nerve implantable neural interface device with fan-shaped attaching function |
| EP3607994A4 (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2020-11-25 | Lin, Pokang | Device for stimulating optic nerve fiber |
| KR102319755B1 (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2021-10-29 | 포캉 린 | optic nerve fiber stimulator |
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