CN101393749B - 用于对旋转振动、物理冲击以及热间歇振荡进行补偿的磁盘驱动器 - Google Patents
用于对旋转振动、物理冲击以及热间歇振荡进行补偿的磁盘驱动器 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
公开一种磁盘驱动器，其包括磁盘，以及在所述磁盘上方被径向驱动的磁头。生成表示第一加速干扰的第一线性加速信号，生成表示第二加速干扰的第二线性加速信号，以及生成表示热间歇振荡干扰的第三线性加速信号。所述第一线性加速信号和所述第三线性加速信号组合以生成第四线性加速信号，该第四线性加速信号表示组合的物理冲击干扰和热间歇振荡干扰。
Description
技术领域
【0001】本发明涉及用于计算机系统的磁盘驱动器。特别地，本发明涉及对旋转振动(rotational vibration)、物理冲击(physical shock)以及热间歇振荡(thermal popping)进行补偿的磁盘驱动器。
背景技术
【0002】图1示出现有技术磁盘驱动器，其包括磁盘2以及与致动器臂6的远端相连接的磁头4，该致动器臂通过音圈电动机(VCM)8围绕枢轴转动以将磁头4径向地置于磁盘2上方。磁盘2包括多个同心的数据磁道10，每个都被分成多个数据扇区。存取操作是通过查找磁头4到一个目标数据磁道并且在该数据磁道内的数据扇区进行读/写操作而执行的。磁盘2包括嵌入的伺服扇区120-12N，伺服扇区120-12N具有记录在其中的位置信息，诸如粗略位置信息(例如磁道地址)和精确位置信息(例如伺服脉冲)。控制电路14将磁头4发出的用以解调伺服扇区120-12N的读取信号16处理成为施加到VCM8的控制信号18以将磁头4置于目标数据磁道的上方。
【0003】图1中的控制电路14补偿能降低伺服性能的旋转振动，以及补偿可能造成磁头4偏离目标磁道和在进行写操作时损坏邻近磁道所记录的数据的物理冲击。对于旋转振动，控制电路14使用被称为旋转加速前馈(RAFF)补偿的技术，其中形成一个前馈信号，以便伺服系统跟踪在伺服回路中由于旋转振动造成的干扰，该干扰被合适的加速计探测，加速计诸如为图1中示出的一对压电传感器20A和20B，振动传感器20A和20B的输出通过使用合适的电路22A和22B进行放大/滤波，其输出经相减和相加，然后进一步使用合适的电路24A和24B进行放大/滤波以形成RAFF差分信号26以及RAFF求和信号28。控制电路14处理RAFF差分信号26和RAFF求和信号28以产生输入到伺服控制回路中的合适的前馈补偿信号。
【0004】第二加速计，诸如压电传感器30，用于探测对磁盘驱动器的物理冲击。典型地，压电传感器30可对在0.1-1kHz范围内的物理冲击进行反应。压电传感器30的输出用合适的电路32进行放大/滤波以形成被控制电路14监视的冲击探测信号34。电路32一般是一个滤波器，它增强与物理冲击处于同样范围(即0.1-1kHz)的信号。如果在写操作期间冲击探测信号34的幅值超过了阈值(正的或者负的)，控制电路就中断写操作以帮助最小化邻近磁道的改写。
【0005】热间歇振荡是由于具有不同热膨胀系数的机械配对部分对伺服系统造成的另一个干扰。与物理冲击类似，热间歇振荡可导致磁头4偏离目标磁道并在写操作中改写邻近磁道。但是，热间歇振荡一般发作的频率比物理冲击高得多，并且如果图1示出的物理冲击探测器的带宽增大到覆盖热间歇振荡事件，则冲击探测器会探测到过多的伪冲击事件，这会降低磁盘驱动器的性能。
【0006】所以，存在对在磁盘驱动器中能够可靠地探测并补偿旋转振动、物理冲击以及热间歇振荡的需要。
发明内容
【0007】本发明的实施方式包括含有磁盘以及在磁盘上面被径向驱动的磁头。产生表示第一加速干扰的第一线性加速信号，产生表示第二加速干扰的第二线性加速信号，以及产生表示热间歇振荡干扰的第三线性加速信号。第一线性加速信号与第三线性加速信号合并产生表示组合的物理冲击干扰和热间歇振荡干扰的第四线性加速信号。
【0008】在一个实施方式中，第一和第二线性加速信号被组合以产生表示旋转振动干扰的旋转加速信号。在一个实施方式中，作为对旋转加速信号的回应，产生前馈补偿信号并将该信号用于伺服磁头。
【0009】在另一个实施方式中，如果第四线性加速信号超出阈值，写操作就被中断。
【0010】在另一个实施方式中，热间歇振荡干扰的主要频率范围明显高于物理冲击干扰的主要频率范围。
【0011】在另一个实施方式中，加法器将第一线性加速信号和第三线性加速信号相加产生第四线性加速信号。
【0012】在另一个实施方式中，第一加速传感器探测第一加速干扰，以及第二加速传感器探测热间歇振荡干扰。第一滤波器对第一加速传感器的输出进行滤波产生第一线性加速信号，其中第一滤波器的带宽基本覆盖第一加速干扰和物理冲击干扰的主要频率范围。第二滤波器对第二加速传感器的输出进行滤波产生第三线性加速信号，其中第二滤波器的带宽基本覆盖热间歇振荡干扰的主要频率范围。在一个实施方式中，第二滤波器的增益比第一滤波器的增益高。
【0013】本发明的另一个实施方式包括操作磁盘驱动器的方法，磁盘驱动器包括磁盘以及磁盘上面被径向驱动的磁头。产生表示第一加速干扰的第一线性加速信号，产生表示第二加速干扰的第二线性加速信号，以及产生表示热间歇振荡干扰的第三线性加速信号。第一线性加速信号与第三线性加速信号组合以产生表示组合的物理冲击干扰和热间歇振荡干扰的第四线性加速信号。
附图说明
【0014】图1示出现有技术磁盘驱动器，该磁盘驱动器包括两个振动传感器，所述振动传感器用于产生两个线性加速信号，该两个线性加速信号合并起来用于感测旋转振动干扰；以及一个单独的冲击传感器，所述冲击传感器用于探测物理冲击干扰。
【0015】图2示出根据本发明的实施方式的磁盘驱动器，该磁盘驱动器包括用于探测热间歇振荡干扰的间歇振荡传感器，其中间歇振荡传感器的输出与线性加速信号合并起来探测物理冲击干扰。
【0016】图3示出根据本发明的实施方式的传感器的示例性频率响应以及用于探测热间歇振荡和物理冲击干扰的滤波器电路。
【0017】图4示出根据本发明的实施方式用于实现振动传感器、间歇振荡传感器的电路和伴随的滤波器电路。
具体实施方式
【0018】图2示出根据本发明的实施方式的磁盘驱动器，其包括磁盘2以及在磁盘上面被径向驱动的磁头4。磁盘驱动器进一步包括控制电路35，该控制电路35可操作用于产生表示第一加速干扰的第一线性加速信号36A和表示第二加速干扰的第二线性加速信号36B，以及表示热间歇振荡干扰的第三线性加速信号38。第一线性加速信号36A和第三线性加速信号38组合产生表示组合的物理冲击干扰和热间歇振荡干扰的第四线性加速信号40。
【0019】类似于图1中的现有技术磁盘驱动器，在一个实施方式中，第一和第二线性加速信号36A和36B组合产生表示旋转振动干扰的旋转加速信号。在一个实施方式中，作为对旋转加速信号的回应，产生前馈补偿信号并将该信号用于伺服磁头。在图2示出的实施方式中，使用合适的电路22A和22B对振动传感器20A和20B的输出进行放大/滤波，其输出被相减和相加，然后进一步使用合适的电路24A和24B来进行放大/滤波以产生旋转加速前馈(RAFF)差分信号26和RAFF求和信号28。控制电路35处理RAFF差分信号26和RAFF求和信号28以产生输入到伺服控制回路中的合适的前馈补偿信号。
【0020】在图2示出的实施方式中，磁头4与致动器臂或传动器臂6的远端相连接，致动器臂6通过音圈电动机(VCM)8围绕枢轴转动来将磁头4径向地置于磁盘2上方。磁盘2包括多个同心的数据磁道10，每个都被分成多个数据扇区。存取操作通过查找磁头4到一个目标数据磁道并且在该数据磁道内的数据扇区进行读/写操作来完成。磁盘2包括嵌入的伺服扇区120-12N，所述伺服扇区120-12N包含记录在其中的位置信息，诸如粗略位置信息(例如磁道地址)和精确位置信息(如伺服脉冲)。控制电路35将由磁头4发出的用以解调伺服扇区120-12N的读取信号16处理成为施加到VCM8的控制信号以将磁头4置于目标数据磁道的上方。
【0021】在一个实施方式中，如果第四线性加速信号40超过了阈值，控制电路35就中断写操作。这就是说，如果探测到足够大的物理冲击或热间歇振荡干扰，则可中断写操作以帮助最小化邻近磁道的改写。
【0022】在一个实施方式中，振动传感器20A和20B，还有热间歇振荡传感器42，均包括压电传感器。在一个实施方式中，图2示出的热间歇振荡干扰传感器42与图1的现有技术磁盘驱动器中物理冲击传感器30具有相同的频率响应。在可替换实施方式中，图2示出的热间歇振荡传感器42与图1的物理冲击传感器30具有明显不同的频率响应。然而，通过组合热间歇振荡传感器42和放大器/滤波器22A的输出38以及振动传感器中的一个20A和放大器/滤波器22A的输出36A，可以不使用图1的现有技术磁盘驱动器的物理冲击传感器30，而系统仍能够探测到物理冲击干扰和热间歇振荡干扰，这样就降低了磁盘驱动器的成本和复杂度。
【0023】用于对图1中现有技术磁盘驱动器的物理冲击传感器30的输出进行放大/滤波的电路32可包括合适的有源元件(例如运算放大器)和无源元件(例如电容器和电阻器)。在图2的实施方式中，放大器/滤波器44的无源元件(电阻器和/或电容器)从电路32的同类变化而来以响应热间歇振荡(热间歇振荡传感器42可与图1的物理冲击传感器相同或不同)。还是在图2的实施方式中，放大器/滤波器46包括已经添加以进一步形成所需频率响应的合适的无源元件。
【0024】图3示出用于探测冲击和间歇振荡干扰的电路(振动传感器20A、放大器/滤波器22A、间歇振荡传感器42、放大器/滤波器44、加法器48和放大器/滤波器46)的频率响应的例子。如图3所示，在一个实施方式中，热间歇振荡干扰的主要频率范围明显高于物理冲击干扰的主要频率范围。但是，由于物理冲击干扰的主要频率范围与旋转振动干扰的频率范围重叠，振动传感器20A可有益地用于探测旋转振动干扰和物理冲击干扰两者。
【0025】在图3的实施方式中，放大器/滤波器的无源元件这样来选择：使放大器/滤波器22A的带宽基本覆盖由于旋转振动带来的加速干扰的频率范围以及物理冲击干扰的主要范围，并且放大器/滤波器44的带宽基本覆盖热间歇振荡干扰的主要频率范围。同样在图3的实施方式中，放大器/滤波器的无源元件可以这样来选择：使放大器/滤波器44的增益比放大器/滤波器22A的增益高。这样，为了降低较小的物理冲击和振动带来的错误触发的数量，物理冲击的敏感度比热间歇振荡的敏感度要低。在其他实施方式中，放大器/滤波器44的增益可以与放大器/滤波器22A的相同或者更低，例如，当较小的物理冲击和振动带来的错误触发不是主要考虑时。
【0026】为实现图2示出的高水准电路图，任何合适的电路都可使用。例如，图4示出一合适的电路图，该电路图包含振动振动传感器20A和20B、间歇振荡传感器42以及包含有源元件(运算放大器)和无源元件(电阻器和电容器)的合适的放大器/滤波器电路。图2中的加法器48在图4的实施方式中实现为电流求和点。
【0027】任何设计规范都可以归因于图4所示的元件，其包括传感器、运算放大器、电阻器和电容器，以便得到所需频率响应，例如图3中的频率响应。也可利用其他设计考虑以获得所需频率响应，例如在印刷电路板上将振动传感器20A设置为物理上靠近间歇振荡传感器42。在一个实施方式中，图4示出的元件或组件被挑选和制造成为一批磁盘驱动器，在替代实施方式中，使用合适的校准程序将一个或多于一个元件(例如无源元件)动态地配置到每一个磁盘驱动器内。
【0028】图4中的一个或多于一个元件可与微处理器(芯片上系统或SOC)一起集成到电路中，或者，一个或多于一个元件可集成到一个单独的芯片中。在另一实施方式中，一些元件(例如传感器)可在集成电路中制作，或者在另一替代实施方式中，被实现为与一集成电路连接的单独的分立元件。此外，图2中的控制电路35可包括用于处理RAFF信号26和28的任何合适的伺服电路，以及用于响应冲击/间歇振荡探测信号40以中断写操作的任何合适的电路。例如，控制电路35可包括执行控制程序的步骤的微处理器，和/或控制电路可包括合适的状态机电路。
Claims (16)
1.一种磁盘驱动器，包括：
磁盘；
磁头，其在所述磁盘上面径向地被驱动；以及
控制电路，其包括：
可操作用于检测第一加速干扰的第一加速传感器；
可操作用于滤波所述第一加速传感器的输出以产生表示所述第一加速干扰的第一线性加速信号的第一滤波器；
可操作用于检测第二加速干扰的第二加速传感器；
可操作用于滤波所述第二加速传感器的输出以产生表示所述第二加速干扰的第二线性加速信号的第二滤波器；
可操作用于检测热间歇振荡干扰的第三加速传感器；和
可操作用于滤波所述第三加速传感器的输出以产生表示所述热间歇振荡干扰的第三线性加速信号的第三滤波器，
其中所述控制电路可操作用于合并所述第一线性加速信号和所述第三线性加速信号以产生第四线性加速信号，所述第四线性加速信号表示组合的物理冲击干扰和热间歇振荡干扰。
2.根据权利要求1所述的磁盘驱动器，其中所述控制电路进一步可操作用于合并所述第一和第二线性加速信号以产生旋转加速信号，所述旋转加速信号表示旋转振动干扰。
3.根据权利要求2所述的磁盘驱动器，其中所述控制电路进一步可操作用于产生前馈补偿信号，所述前馈补偿信号用于伺服所述磁头响应所述旋转加速信号。
4.根据权利要求1所述的磁盘驱动器，其中所述控制电路进一步可操作用于当所述第四线性加速信号超出阈值时中断写操作。
5.根据权利要求1所述的磁盘驱动器，其中所述热间歇振荡干扰的主要频率范围显著高于所述物理冲击干扰的主要频率范围。
6.根据权利要求1所述的磁盘驱动器，其中所述控制电路进一步包括加法器，其用于相加所述第一线性加速信号和所述第三线性加速信号以产生所述第四线性加速信号。
7.根据权利要求1所述的磁盘驱动器，其中所述第一滤波器的带宽基本覆盖所述第一加速干扰和所述物理冲击干扰的主要频率范围；以及
所述第三滤波器的带宽基本覆盖所述热间歇振荡干扰的主要频率范围。
8.根据权利要求7所述的磁盘驱动器，其中所述第三滤波器的增益高于所述第一滤波器的增益。
9.一种操作磁盘驱动器的方法，所述磁盘驱动器包括磁盘，以及在所述磁盘上面径向地被驱动的磁头，所述方法包括：
使用第一加速传感器检测第一加速干扰；
使用第一滤波器滤波所述第一加速传感器的输出以产生表示所述第一加速干扰的第一线性加速信号；
使用第二加速传感器检测第二加速干扰；使用第二滤波器滤波所述第二加速传感器的输出以产生表示所述第二加速干扰的第二线性加速信号；
使用第三加速传感器检测热间歇振荡干扰；使用第三滤波器滤波所述第三加速传感器的输出以产生表示所述热间歇振荡干扰的第三线性加速信号；以及
合并所述第一线性加速信号和所述第三线性加速信号以产生第四线性加速信号，所述第四线性加速信号表示组合的物理冲击干扰和热间歇振荡干扰。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，进一步包括合并所述第一和第二线性加速信号以产生旋转加速信号，所述旋转加速信号表示旋转振动干扰。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，进一步包括产生前馈补偿信号，所述前馈补偿信号用于伺服所述磁头响应旋转加速信号。
12.根据权利要求9所述的方法，进一步包括当所述第四线性加速信号超出阈值时中断写操作。
13.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中所述热间歇振荡干扰的主要频率范围显著高于所述物理冲击干扰的主要频率范围。
14.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中合并所述第一线性加速信号和所述第三线性加速信号的步骤包括相加所述第一线性加速信号和所述第三线性加速信号以产生所述第四线性加速信号。
15.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中所述第一滤波器的带宽基本覆盖所述第一加速干扰和所述物理冲击干扰的主要频率范围；以及
所述第三滤波器的带宽基本覆盖所述热间歇振荡干扰的主要频率范围。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中所述第三滤波器的增益高于所述第一滤波器的增益。
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| US11/857,768 | 2007-09-19 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7471483B1 (en) | 2008-12-30 |
| HK1128549A1 (en) | 2009-10-30 |
| CN101393749A (zh) | 2009-03-25 |
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