CN101392641B - Method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core - Google Patents
Method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core Download PDFInfo
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- CN101392641B CN101392641B CN2008101742380A CN200810174238A CN101392641B CN 101392641 B CN101392641 B CN 101392641B CN 2008101742380 A CN2008101742380 A CN 2008101742380A CN 200810174238 A CN200810174238 A CN 200810174238A CN 101392641 B CN101392641 B CN 101392641B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for observing displacement process of real core crude oil in real time. A real core real-time observation oil displacement model comprises a base, a sample chamber, an observing glass window, a sealing top cover and an optical thin-film which are arranged inside the base and on the upper surface of the base. The method for observing the real core crude oil displacement process in real time comprises the following steps: treating and mounting a sample; injecting fluid into the sample; applying pressure to the sample; carrying out laser scanning after a period; then, injecting another or multiple kinds of fluid into the sample to repeat the steps; finally, analyzing the obtained image. The method studies the influence of reservoir microscopic feature on development, on the premise that real rock wettability, reservoir hole network structure and stratum pressure are maintained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core, be specifically related to a kind of in oil field development is produced the method to the microcosmic Real Time Observation of the mother oil displacement process of true core of different lithology.
Background technology
Pore structure of reservoir is the key factor that influences reservoir seepage flow characteristic, also is the important internal cause that influences the waterflooding oil field recovery ratio.In order to study the influence of RESERVOIR PORE STRUCTURE to waterflooding development effect; Past is adopted the test of microcosmic water drive oil always; Estimate through observation by light microscope true sandstone micromodel or photoetching glass model, their advantage is a good transmittance, can clearly observe the interface between the various fluid distribution and fluid in the pore throat; But in order to keep light transmission; Must so can not keep real rock wettability, true reservoir pore space network structure, real strata pressure, make the sample wear down research receive limitation.
So need a kind of new Observations Means of development, under the prerequisite that keeps real rock wettability, reservoir pore space network structure, strata pressure, study of the influence of reservoir microscopic feature to exploitation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of effective Observations Means; Observe certain thickness, reached the sensitive response process of the true core lithology that can keep real rock wettability, true reservoir pore space network structure, real strata pressure and the method for mother oil displacement process.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the concrete content of the present invention is:
A kind of method of real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core, step is:
1) prepares true core real time observing oil-driving model; It includes: a base, is located at sample chamber, on the base and is located at the top pressure closure, of base top and is located at the optical thin film that sight glass window and in the middle of the top pressure closure covers core sample; Said base is provided with groove; Said sample chamber is arranged in this groove, and core sample places sample chamber, and sample chamber, core sample and optical thin film are fixed on the centre of base and top pressure closure;
2) according to the inwall size that is slightly less than sample chamber; Process the rock sample that washes oil, the thickness requirement of rock sample is slightly larger than the thickness of sample chamber, is fixed on rock sample in the sample chamber with organic glass; Polish the rock sample that exceeds sample chamber then, cut open light then.Pack sample chamber in the base into, cover optical thin film at the sample surfaces that cuts open light, optical thin film edge and sample chamber contact site adopt special seal glue to handle, and begin experiment;
3) at first sample chamber is exported through hole and pressure channel is closed sealing, pour into liquid (materials such as crude oil, water or polymer) from sample chamber inlet through hole, be forced into 2-3Pa from pressure channel then, place after 1 hour, sample reaches capacity in solution;
4) adopt the fluorescence probe scaling method; Laser scanning co-focusing microscope carries out Real Time Observation to the displacement process of true core model: model is placed on the objective table; The camera lens of laser scanning co-focusing microscope is adjusted to the top of sight glass window, select suitable excitation source and receive wavelength, use long-focal length lens; Select suitable multiple object lens to observe, image observed in record;
5) repeating step 3) and 4), in model, having in first kind of liquid, inwards is injected second kind of liquid, uses laser scanning co-focusing microscope, and select suitable excitation source to carry out the second time and observe with the reception wavelength, and document image; Can continue repetitive operation step 3) and 4), observe with record the third, the image of the 4th kind of liquid injection process;
6) be decompressed to normal pressure, get rid of from sample chamber outlet through hole and inject liquid;
7) images recorded is synthesized, obtain the multichannel composograph, this image can be used as the foundation that mother oil displacement process is analyzed.
Base described in the step 1) is a cuboid; The centre is provided with a circular groove; On the groove periphery, be provided with little groove, on base, also be provided with a plurality of screwed holes, be respectively equipped with sample chamber inlet, sample chamber outlet in the position in the center of circle of the relative two sides corresponding circle connected in star of base.
Sample chamber described in the step 1) is one to have the round platform of groove; The sample chamber notch upwards is located in the circular groove of base; Be used to place core sample in the groove of sample chamber; And on the sample chamber periphery, be provided with and the corresponding ridge of little groove, ridge is fixed in the groove of base sample chamber through engaging with little groove; The correspondence position of sample chamber and sample chamber inlet, sample chamber outlet is provided with two through holes, when experiment, can enter the mouth through sample chamber, sample chamber outlet and through hole adjust core sample inside.
Optical thin film described in the step 1) is located at the upper surface of core sample; The area of optical thin film is greater than the area of core sample upper surface; Because core sample may be to have corrosive material, and the pressure at groove can become greatly when reaction, so optical thin film adopts the anticorrosion optical thin film of resistance to compression; And in order to make reaction effect better, optical thin film edge and sample chamber contact site adopt special seal glue to handle.
The shape of glass window described in the step 1) and position general with sample chamber in the middle of the corresponding and size of core sample generally greater than the size of core sample, glass window is a circle.
Top pressure closure described in the step 1) is circular; Be provided with on the top pressure closure periphery with base on the corresponding screwed hole of a plurality of screwed holes that is provided with, screw is fixed on sample chamber, core sample and optical thin film through screwed hole on the base and the screwed hole on the top pressure closure centre of base and top pressure closure.
The window of sight glass described in the step 1) adopts extraordinary tempered glass material processing, surface plating anti-reflection film; Said base, sample chamber and top pressure closure adopt stainless steel processing.
The concrete application and the observed result of the scaling method of fluorescence probe described in the step 4):
A) after the fluid injection, observe to rock forming mineral in the sample, the laser of selecting the 488nm wavelength selects the 488nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and shows with green;
B) to the observation of the lightweight component of crude oil in the sample, the laser of selecting the 488nm wavelength selects 510nm～600nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and uses red display;
C) to the observation of the heavy component of crude oil in the sample, the laser of selecting the 488nm wavelength selects 600nm～800nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and shows with blue;
D) observation of water in sample: with fluorescein dyeing, the laser of selecting the 512nm wavelength is selected 550nm～600nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source to water, observes, and shows with blue before injecting;
E) observation of polymer in sample: with the blue dyeing of fluorescence, the laser of selecting the 613nm wavelength was selected 650nm～700nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and uses red display before polymer injected.
The effect and the advantage of the inventive method are: under the prerequisite that has kept real rock wettability, reservoir pore space network structure, strata pressure, research reservoir microscopic feature is to the influence of exploitation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: for the true core (chip) of the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention but the displacement of reservoir oil structure of models figure of Real Time Observation.
Fig. 2: for the true core (chip) of the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention but the sample sealing sketch map of the displacement of reservoir oil model of Real Time Observation.
Fig. 3: for the true core (chip) of the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention but the vertical view and the cut away view of the displacement of reservoir oil model of Real Time Observation.
Fig. 4: for the true core (chip) of the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention but the sketch map of the top pressure closure of the displacement of reservoir oil model of Real Time Observation.
Fig. 5: for the true core (chip) of the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention but the sketch map of the sample chamber of the displacement of reservoir oil model of Real Time Observation.
Fig. 6: for the true core (chip) of the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention but the stereogram of the displacement of reservoir oil model (square) of another Real Time Observation.
Fig. 7: be the laser co-focusing image of the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below the just step of the method for a kind of real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention and the effect that can produce, conjunction with figs. with the preferred embodiment detailed description as follows:
As shown in figures 1 and 3, for the true core (chip) that uses in the method that realizes real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention but the displacement of reservoir oil model of Real Time Observation.True core real time observing oil-driving model includes: base 1, sample chamber 2, sight glass window 3, top pressure closure 4 and optical thin film 6.
Said base 1 is cuboid on present embodiment, and the centre is provided with a circular groove 11, on groove 11 peripheries, is provided with detent 111; Be distributed in screwed hole 12 near the circular groove 11 also being provided with a plurality of assemblings on the base 1 in addition, be respectively equipped with sample chamber inlet through hole 13 in the position in the center of circle of the relative two sides corresponding circle connected in star 11 of base 1, sample chamber exports through hole 14.
As shown in Figure 5; Said sample chamber 2 is one to have the round platform of groove; Sample chamber 2 notches upwards are located in the circular groove 11 of base 1, are used to place core sample 5 in the groove of sample chamber 2, and on sample chamber 2 peripheries, are provided with and detent 111 corresponding location ridges 21; Location ridge 21 is fixed in the groove 11 of base 1 sample chamber 2 through engaging with detent 111; Sample chamber 2 is provided with two through holes 22,23 with the correspondence position of sample chamber inlet through hole 13, sample chamber outlet through hole 14; When experiment, can inject and the output fluid, be opposite to the displacement process of core sample 5 in the sample chamber 2 with the simulation fluid through sample chamber inlet 13, sample chamber outlet 14 and through hole 22,23.
Said optical thin film 6 is located at the upper surface of core sample 5, and the area of optical thin film 6 is greater than the area of core sample 5 upper surfaces; Because core sample 5 may be to have corrosive material; And the pressure at groove 11 when model is worked can become big; So optical thin film 6 surfaces need specially treated; Optical thin film 6 adopts the anticorrosion optical thin film of resistance to compression, and in order to make model work better effects if, optical thin film 6 edges and sample chamber 2 contacts site adopt special seal glue to handle.
Said glass window 3 is located at the centre of top pressure closure 4; In order in experimentation, better to watch the variation of sample; Corresponding and the size of the general core sample 5 with sample chamber 2 centres in the shape of glass window 3 and position is generally greater than the size of core sample 5; At present embodiment upper glass window 3 is circular, and glass window 3 adopts extraordinary tempered glass material processing, surface plating anti-reflection film.
As shown in Figure 4, said top pressure closure 4 is circular rings on present embodiment, and middle circular opening size is corresponding with glass window 3, and Outside Dimensions is greater than sample chamber 2; Establish a pressure channel 43 from periphery to the middle circular open of top pressure closure 4, in order to be connected with the external pressure pipeline; Be provided with on top pressure closure 4 peripheries with base 1 on a plurality of screwed holes 12 corresponding screwed holes 41 of being provided with; When mounted, screw is fixed on sample chamber 2, core sample 5 and optical thin film 6 through the screwed hole 41 of screwed hole on the base 1 12 and top pressure closure 4 centre of base 1 and top pressure closure 4.Said base 1, sample chamber 2 and top pressure closure 4 adopt stainless steels processing.
And when using displacement of reservoir oil model of the present invention, should be noted that the sealing of each parts:
Sample chamber access road sealing: referring to Fig. 2; Adopt the mode of metallic seal, be inserted into metal tube in the sample chamber inlet through hole 13, sealed eyelet directly pushes up the entrance, cabin; Tighten sealing with the sealing and fixing bolt, sample chamber outlet through hole 14 is adopted and is used the same method.
The sealing of top pressure closure: sealing between sight glass window 3 and the top pressure closure 4 adopt sealing gluing with, the mode of the sealing employing screw bolt reinforcing between top pressure closure 4 and the sample chamber 2.
Sealing between optical thin film 6 and the rock sample 5: be to press compressed air, it is produced greater than displacement pressure, guarantee that fluid flows in blowhole through pressure channel 43 inputs to top pressure closure 4.
As shown in Figure 6; But stereogram for the square displacement of reservoir oil model of another Real Time Observation of true core of the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention; Embodiment wherein and aforesaid difference are that wherein sample chamber, sight glass window, top pressure closure and optical thin film are square; All the other each several parts are all identical with above-mentioned circular displacement of reservoir oil model structure, repeat no more at this.
When observing, be divided into following step with method of the present invention:
1) at first according to the inwall size that is slightly less than sample chamber 2; Process the rock sample 5 that washes oil, the thickness requirement of rock sample 5 is slightly larger than the thickness of sample chamber 2, is fixed on rock sample 5 usefulness organic glass in the sample chamber 2; Polish the rock sample that exceeds sample chamber then, cut open light then.Pack sample chamber 2 in the base into, cover optical thin film 6 at the sample surfaces that cuts open light, optical thin film 6 edges and sample chamber 2 contacts site adopt special seal glue to handle, and begin experiment.
Wherein the rock core of giving an example is prepared to specify:
(1) selects the sample of permeability greater than 10 millidarcies.
(2) drill through the rock core cylinder of the high 5mm of diameter 25mm according to the experiment needs, rock core is made according to the sample chamber internal diameter.
(3) the rock core cylinder washing oil that drills through is handled.
(4) carry out rosin to the rock core cylinder behind the washing oil and boil glue.
(5) the rock core cylinder that boils behind the glue is put into sample chamber, uses the epoxide-resin glue sealing and fixing.
(6) according to shown in Figure 3, polish sample and polish, make rock core cylinder end face concordant with the sample chamber end face.
(7) remove rosin: wash sample with absolute ethyl alcohol, rosin can be removed and do not destroy epoxide-resin glue.
(8) model parameter adjustment: the sample chamber roof pressure can bear maximum pressure 5Mpa, and water filling or polyalcohol pressure must not surpass 4Mpa.
2) as shown in Figure 6; At first sample chamber is exported through hole 14 and pressure channel 43 is closed sealing, sample chamber inlet through hole 13 pours into liquid (materials such as crude oil, water or polymer) from figure, is forced into 2-3Pa from pressure channel 43 then; Place after 1 hour, sample reaches capacity in solution;
3) adopt laser scanning co-focusing microscope that the displacement process of true core model is carried out Real Time Observation: model is placed on the objective table; The camera lens of laser scanning co-focusing microscope is adjusted to the top of sight glass window; Select suitable excitation source and receive wavelength; Use long-focal length lens, select suitable multiple object lens to observe, image observed in record; For example Fig. 7 (B) has shown the fluorescence channel uncalibrated image when injecting crude oil, and Fig. 7 (A) demarcates the rock matrix image for observing the emission optical channel;
4) repeating step 2) and 3), in model, having in first kind of liquid, inwards is injected second kind of liquid, uses laser scanning co-focusing microscope, and select suitable excitation source to carry out the second time and observe with the reception wavelength, and document image; Can continue repetitive operation step 2) and 3), observe with record the third, the image of the 4th kind of liquid injection process.
5) be decompressed to normal pressure, get rid of from sample chamber outlet through hole 14 and inject liquid.
6) images recorded is synthesized, obtain the multichannel composograph, this image can be used as the foundation that mother oil displacement process is analyzed.
The present invention can be materials such as crude oil, water, polymer separately through the fluorescence probe scaling method.Dye with fluorescein like water; Polymer is with the blue dyeing of fluorescence.Again the excitation source through the adjustment laser scanning co-focusing microscope with accept wavelength different objects (through liquid, crude oil or the rock forming mineral of fluorescence probe demarcation) observed and record: as:
A) after the fluid injection, observe to rock forming mineral in the sample, the laser of selecting the 488nm wavelength selects the 488nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and shows with green, referring to Fig. 7 A.
B) to the observation of the lightweight component of crude oil in the sample, the laser of selecting the 488nm wavelength selects 510nm～600nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and uses red display, referring to Fig. 7 B.
C) to the observation of the heavy component of crude oil in the sample, the laser of selecting the 488nm wavelength selects 600nm～800nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and shows with blue.
D) observation of water in sample: with fluorescein dyeing, the laser of selecting the 512nm wavelength is selected 550nm～600nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source to water, observes, and shows with blue before injecting.
E) observation of polymer in sample: with the blue dyeing of fluorescence, the laser of selecting the 613nm wavelength was selected 650nm～700nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and uses red display before polymer injected.
As shown in Figure 7, Fig. 7 A demarcates the rock matrix image for observing the emission optical channel, and Fig. 7 B is for observing fluorescence channel demarcation crude oil image, and Fig. 7 C is through the multichannel composograph with Fig. 7 A and Fig. 7 B.Show through this image: crude oil can clearly be observed contacting and marriage relation of crude oil and rock forming mineral through Fig. 7, and through dynamic observing displacement process, the displacement effect made accurate evaluation in displacement process.
Utilize the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention; Not only can the Real Time Observation mother oil displacement process; Analyze the distribution situation of residual oil in pore throat in the hole, also can carry out sensitiveness and handle the observation of the response situation of home position observation sample sample.
Though the present invention is described by previous embodiment, but still can change its form and details, make not breaking away under the spirit of the present invention.Aforementionedly be the present invention's method for using the most reasonably, be merely one of mode that the present invention can practical implementation, but not as limit.
Claims (6)
1. the method for a real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core is characterized in that, step is:
1) prepares true core real time observing oil-driving model; It includes: a base, is located at sample chamber, on the base and is located at the top pressure closure, of base top and is located at the optical thin film that sight glass window and in the middle of the top pressure closure covers core sample; Said base is provided with groove; Said sample chamber is arranged in this groove, and core sample places sample chamber, and sample chamber, core sample and optical thin film are fixed on the centre of base and top pressure closure; Be respectively equipped with sample chamber inlet through hole in the relative two sides of said base and export through hole, establish the pressure channel that is connected with the external pressure pipeline at said top pressure closure with sample chamber;
2) according to the inwall size that is slightly less than sample chamber; Process the rock sample that washes oil, the thickness requirement of rock sample is slightly larger than the thickness of sample chamber, is fixed on rock sample in the sample chamber with organic glass; Polish the rock sample that exceeds sample chamber then, cut open light then; Pack sample chamber in the base into, cover optical thin film at the sample surfaces that cuts open light, optical thin film edge and sample chamber contact site encapsulation process begin experiment;
3) at first sample chamber is exported through hole and pressure channel is closed sealing, pour into liquid from sample chamber inlet through hole, liquid is crude oil, water or polymer, is forced into 2-3Pa from pressure channel then, places after 1 hour, and sample reaches capacity in solution;
4) adopt the fluorescence probe scaling method; Laser scanning co-focusing microscope carries out Real Time Observation to the displacement process of true core model: model is placed on the objective table; The camera lens of laser scanning co-focusing microscope is adjusted to the top of sight glass window, select suitable excitation source and receive wavelength, use long-focal length lens; Select suitable multiple object lens to observe, image observed in record; Said suitable excitation source is meant with the reception wavelength:
A) after the fluid injection, observe to rock forming mineral in the sample, the laser of selecting the 488nm wavelength selects the 488nm wavelength to observe as receiving wavelength as excitation source, shows with green;
B) to the observation of the lightweight component of crude oil in the sample, the laser of selecting the 488nm wavelength selects 510nm～600nm wavelength to observe as receiving wavelength as excitation source, uses red display;
C) to the observation of the heavy component of crude oil in the sample, the laser of selecting the 488nm wavelength selects 600nm～800nm wavelength to observe as receiving wavelength as excitation source, shows with blue;
D) with fluorescein dyeing, the laser of selecting the 512nm wavelength selects 550nm～600nm wavelength to observe as receiving wavelength as excitation source, shows with blue before injecting for the observation of water in sample, water;
E) observation of polymer in sample, with the blue dyeing of fluorescence, the laser of selecting the 613nm wavelength selected 650nm～700nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and uses red display before polymer injected;
5) repeating step 3) and 4), in model, having in first kind of liquid, inwards is injected second kind of liquid, uses laser scanning co-focusing microscope, and select suitable excitation source to carry out the second time and observe with the reception wavelength, and document image; Can continue repetitive operation step 3) and 4), observe with record the third, the image of the 4th kind of liquid injection process;
6) be decompressed to normal pressure, get rid of from sample chamber outlet through hole and inject liquid;
7) images recorded is synthesized, obtain the multichannel composograph, this image can be used as the foundation that mother oil displacement process is analyzed.
2. the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; Base described in the step 1) is a cuboid, and the centre is provided with a circular groove, on the groove periphery, is provided with little groove; On base, also be provided with a plurality of screwed holes, be respectively equipped with sample chamber inlet, sample chamber outlet in the position in the center of circle of the relative two sides corresponding circle connected in star of base.
3. the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that sample chamber described in the step 1) is one to have the round platform of groove, the sample chamber notch upwards is located in the circular groove of base; Be used to place core sample in the groove of sample chamber; And on the sample chamber periphery, be provided with and the corresponding ridge of little groove, ridge is fixed in the groove of base sample chamber through engaging with little groove; The correspondence position of sample chamber and sample chamber inlet, sample chamber outlet is provided with two through holes, when experiment, can enter the mouth through sample chamber, sample chamber outlet and through hole adjust core sample inside.
4. the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, optical thin film described in the step 1) is located at the upper surface of core sample, and the area of optical thin film is greater than the area of core sample upper surface.
5. the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; Corresponding and the size of core sample in the middle of the shape of glass window described in the step 1) and position and the sample chamber is greater than the size of core sample, and glass window be a circle.
6. the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; Top pressure closure described in the step 1) is circular; Be provided with on the top pressure closure periphery with base on the corresponding screwed hole of a plurality of screwed holes that is provided with, screw is fixed on sample chamber, core sample and optical thin film through screwed hole on the base and the screwed hole on the top pressure closure centre of base and top pressure closure.
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| CN101793137B (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2013-01-02 | 西南石油大学 | Oil-water displacement efficiency experimental method of longitudinal and planar nonhomogeneous slab models |
| CN102095833B (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2014-11-19 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Test method for intrastratal nonhomogeneous model |
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