CN101392641A - Method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core - Google Patents

Method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core Download PDF

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CN101392641A
CN101392641A CNA2008101742380A CN200810174238A CN101392641A CN 101392641 A CN101392641 A CN 101392641A CN A2008101742380 A CNA2008101742380 A CN A2008101742380A CN 200810174238 A CN200810174238 A CN 200810174238A CN 101392641 A CN101392641 A CN 101392641A
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sample
sample chamber
core
wavelength
real
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CN101392641B (en
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孙先达
王成
薛文涛
张民志
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Petrochina Co Ltd
Daqing Oilfield Co Ltd
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Daqing Oilfield Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for observing displacement process of real core crude oil in real time. A real core real-time observation oil displacement model comprises a base, a sample chamber, an observing glass window, a sealing top cover and an optical thin-film which are arranged inside the base and on the upper surface of the base. The method for observing the real core crude oil displacement process in real time comprises the following steps: treating and mounting a sample; injecting fluid into the sample; applying pressure to the sample; carrying out laser scanning after a period; then, injecting another or multiple kinds of fluid into the sample to repeat the steps; finally, analyzing the obtained image. The method studies the influence of reservoir microscopic feature on development, on the premise that real rock wettability, reservoir hole network structure and stratum pressure are maintained.

Description

A kind of method of real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core, be specifically related to a kind of in oil field development is produced the method to the microcosmic Real Time Observation of the mother oil displacement process of true core of different lithology.
Background technology
Pore structure of reservoir is the key factor that influences reservoir seepage flow feature, also is the important internal cause that influences the waterflooding oil field recovery ratio.In order to study the influence of RESERVOIR PORE STRUCTURE to waterflooding development effect, past is adopted the test of microcosmic water drive oil always, estimate by observation by light microscope true sandstone micromodel or photoetching glass model, their advantage is a good transmittance, can clearly observe the interface between the various fluid distribution and fluid in the pore throat, but in order to keep light transmission, must be the sample wear down, so can not keep real rock wettability, true reservoir pore space network structure, real strata pressure, make research be subjected to limitation.
So need a kind of new Observations Means of development, under the prerequisite that keeps real rock wettability, reservoir pore space network structure, strata pressure, study of the influence of reservoir microscopic feature to exploitation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of effective Observations Means, observe certain thickness, reached the sensitive response process of the true core lithology that can keep real rock wettability, true reservoir pore space network structure, real strata pressure and the method for mother oil displacement process.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the concrete content of the present invention is:
A kind of method of real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core, step is:
1) prepares true core real time observing oil-driving model, it includes: the top pressure closure, that the sample chamber, that a base, is located at base inside is located at base top is located at the optical thin film that sight glass window and in the middle of the top pressure closure covers core sample, and sample chamber, core sample and optical thin film are fixed on the centre of base and top pressure closure.
2) according to the inwall size that is slightly less than sample chamber, the rock sample that washes oil is processed, and the thickness requirement of rock sample is slightly larger than the thickness of sample chamber, and rock sample is fixed in the sample chamber with organic glass, then the rock sample that exceeds sample chamber is polished, cut open light then.Sample chamber is packed in the base, cover optical thin film at the sample surfaces that cuts open light, optical thin film edge and sample chamber contact site adopt special seal glue to handle, and begin experiment.
3) at first sample chamber is exported through hole and pressure channel is closed sealing, sample chamber inlet through hole pours into liquid (materials such as crude oil, water or polymer) from figure, be forced into 2-3Pa from pressure channel then, place after 1 hour, sample reaches capacity in solution;
4) adopt the fluorescence probe scaling method, laser scanning co-focusing microscope carries out Real Time Observation to the displacement process of true core model: model is placed on the objective table, the camera lens of laser scanning co-focusing microscope is adjusted to the top of sight glass window, select suitable excitation source and receive wavelength, use long-focal length lens, select suitable multiple object lens to observe, image observed in record;
5) repeating step 2) and 3), in model, have in first kind of liquid, inject second kind of liquid to the inside, use laser scanning co-focusing microscope, select suitable excitation source and reception wavelength to carry out the second time and observe, and document image; Can continue repetitive operation step 2) and 3), observe with record the third, the image of the 4th kind of liquid injection process.
6) be decompressed to normal pressure, get rid of from sample chamber outlet through hole and inject liquid.
7) image with record synthesizes, and obtains the multichannel composograph, and this image can be used as the foundation that mother oil displacement process is analyzed.
Base described in the step 1) is a cuboid, the centre is provided with a circular groove, on the groove periphery, be provided with little groove, on base, also be provided with a plurality of screwed holes, be respectively equipped with sample chamber inlet, sample chamber outlet in the position in the center of circle of the relative two sides corresponding circle connected in star of base.
Sample chamber described in the step 1) is one to have the round platform of groove, the sample chamber notch upwards is located in the circular groove of base, be used to place core sample in the groove of sample chamber, and on the sample chamber periphery, be provided with little groove to corresponding ridge, ridge is fixed in the groove of base sample chamber by engaging with little groove; The correspondence position of sample chamber and sample chamber inlet, sample chamber outlet is provided with two through holes, can enter the mouth by sample chamber when experiment, sample chamber outlet and through hole adjust core sample inside.
Optical thin film described in the step 1) is located at the upper surface of core sample, the area of optical thin film is greater than the area of core sample upper surface, because core sample may be to have corrosive material, and the pressure at groove when reaction can become big, so optical thin film adopts the anticorrosion optical thin film of resistance to compression, and in order to make reaction effect better, optical thin film edge and sample chamber contact site adopt special seal glue to handle.
General and the size corresponding with the core sample in the middle of the sample chamber in the shape of glass window described in the step 1) and position is generally greater than the size of core sample, and glass window is a circle.
Top pressure closure described in the step 1) is circular, be provided with on the top pressure closure periphery with base on a plurality of screwed holes of being provided with to corresponding screwed hole, screw is fixed on sample chamber, core sample and optical thin film by screwed hole on the base and the screwed hole on the top pressure closure centre of base and top pressure closure.
The window of sight glass described in the step 1) adopts extraordinary tempered glass material processing, surface plating anti-reflection film; Described base, sample chamber and top pressure closure adopt stainless steel processing.
The concrete application and the observed result of the scaling method of fluorescence probe described in the step 4):
A) after the fluid injection, observe at rock forming mineral in the sample, the laser of selecting the 488nm wavelength selects the 488nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and shows with green;
B) at the observation of the lightweight component of crude oil in the sample, the laser of selecting the 488nm wavelength selects 510nm~600nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and uses red display;
C) at the observation of the heavy component of crude oil in the sample, the laser of selecting the 488nm wavelength selects 600nm~800nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and shows with blue;
D) observation of water in sample: with fluorescein dyeing, the laser of selecting the 512nm wavelength is selected 550nm~600nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source to water, observes, and shows with blue before injecting;
E) observation of polymer in sample: with the blue dyeing of fluorescence, the laser of selecting the 613nm wavelength was selected 650nm~700nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and uses red display before polymer injected.
The effect and the advantage of the inventive method are: under the prerequisite that has kept real rock wettability, reservoir pore space network structure, strata pressure, research reservoir microscopic feature is to the influence of exploitation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: for the true core (chip) of the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention but the displacement of reservoir oil structure of models figure of Real Time Observation.
Fig. 2: for the true core (chip) of the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention but the sample sealing schematic diagram of the displacement of reservoir oil model of Real Time Observation.
Fig. 3: for the true core (chip) of the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention but the vertical view and the cut away view of the displacement of reservoir oil model of Real Time Observation.
Fig. 4: for the true core (chip) of the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention but the schematic diagram of the top pressure closure of the displacement of reservoir oil model of Real Time Observation.
Fig. 5: for the true core (chip) of the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention but the schematic diagram of the sample chamber of the displacement of reservoir oil model of Real Time Observation.
Fig. 6: for the true core (chip) of the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention but the stereogram of the displacement of reservoir oil model (square) of another Real Time Observation.
Fig. 7: be the laser co-focusing image of the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below the just step of the method for a kind of real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention and the effect that can produce, conjunction with figs. is described in detail as follows with preferred embodiment:
As shown in figures 1 and 3, for the true core (chip) that uses in the method that realizes real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention but the displacement of reservoir oil model of Real Time Observation.True core real time observing oil-driving model includes: base 1, sample chamber 2, sight glass window 3, top pressure closure 4 and optical thin film 6.
Described base 1 is cuboid on present embodiment, and the centre is provided with a circular groove 11, is provided with detent 111 on groove 11 peripheries; Be distributed in screwed hole 12 near the circular groove 11 also being provided with a plurality of assemblings on the base 1 in addition, be respectively equipped with sample chamber inlet through hole 13 in the position in the center of circle of the relative two sides corresponding circle connected in star 11 of base 1, sample chamber exports through hole 14.
As shown in Figure 5, described sample chamber 2 is one to have the round platform of groove, sample chamber 2 notches upwards are located in the circular groove 11 of base 1, be used to place core sample 5 in the groove of sample chamber 2, and on sample chamber 2 peripheries, be provided with detent 111 to corresponding location ridge 21, location ridge 21 is fixed in the groove 11 of base 1 sample chamber 2 by engaging with detent 111; Sample chamber 2 is provided with two through holes 22,23 with the correspondence position of sample chamber inlet through hole 13, sample chamber outlet through hole 14, can enter the mouth 13 by sample chamber in when experiment, sample chamber outlet 14 and through hole 22,23 injects and the output fluid, be opposite to the displacement process of core sample 5 in the sample chamber 2 with the simulation fluid.
Described optical thin film 6 is located at the upper surface of core sample 5, and the area of optical thin film 6 is greater than the area of core sample 5 upper surfaces; Because core sample 5 may be to have corrosive material, and the pressure at groove 11 when model is worked can become big, so optical thin film 6 surfaces need specially treated, optical thin film 6 adopts the anticorrosion optical thin film of resistance to compression, and in order to make model work better effects if, optical thin film 6 edges and sample chamber 2 contacts site adopt special seal glue to handle.
Described glass window 3 is located at the centre of top pressure closure 4, in order in experimentation, better to watch the variation of sample, corresponding and the size of the general core sample 5 with sample chamber 2 centres in the shape of glass window 3 and position is generally greater than the size of core sample 5, at present embodiment upper glass window 3 is circular, glass window 3 adopts extraordinary tempered glass material processing, surface plating anti-reflection film.
As shown in Figure 4, described top pressure closure 4 is circular rings on present embodiment, and middle circular opening size is corresponding with glass window 3, and Outside Dimensions is greater than sample chamber 2; Establish a pressure channel 43 from periphery to the middle circular open of top pressure closure 4, in order to be connected with the external pressure pipeline; Be provided with on top pressure closure 4 peripheries with base 1 on a plurality of screwed holes 12 corresponding screwed holes 41 of being provided with, when mounted, screw is fixed on sample chamber 2, core sample 5 and optical thin film 6 by the screwed hole 41 of screwed hole on the base 1 12 and top pressure closure 4 centre of base 1 and top pressure closure 4.Described base 1, sample chamber 2 and top pressure closure 4 adopt stainless steel processing.
And when using displacement of reservoir oil model of the present invention, should be noted that the sealing of each parts:
Sample chamber access road sealing: referring to Fig. 2, adopt the mode of metallic seal, metal tube is inserted in the sample chamber inlet through hole 13, sealed eyelet directly pushes up the entrance, cabin, tighten sealing with the sealing and fixing bolt, sample chamber outlet through hole 14 is adopted and is used the same method.
The sealing of top pressure closure: sealing between sight glass window 3 and the top pressure closure 4 adopt sealing gluing and, the mode of the sealing employing screw bolt reinforcing between top pressure closure 4 and the sample chamber 2.
Sealing between optical thin film 6 and the rock sample 5: be to press compressed air, it is produced greater than displacement pressure, guarantee that fluid flows in blowhole by pressure channel 43 inputs to top pressure closure 4.
As shown in Figure 6, but stereogram for the square displacement of reservoir oil model of another Real Time Observation of true core of the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention, embodiment shown in it and aforesaid difference are that wherein sample chamber, sight glass window, top pressure closure and optical thin film are square, all the other each several parts are all identical with above-mentioned circular displacement of reservoir oil model structure, do not repeat them here.
When observing, be divided into following step with method of the present invention:
1) at first according to the inwall size that is slightly less than sample chamber 2, the rock sample 5 that washes oil is processed, and the thickness requirement of rock sample 5 is slightly larger than the thickness of sample chamber 2, and rock sample 5 usefulness organic glass are fixed in the sample chamber 2, then the rock sample that exceeds sample chamber is polished, cut open light then.Sample chamber 2 is packed in the base, cover optical thin film 6 at the sample surfaces that cuts open light, optical thin film 6 edges and sample chamber 2 contacts site adopt special seal glue to handle, and begin experiment.
Wherein the rock core of giving an example is prepared to be specifically described:
(1) selects the sample of permeability greater than 10 millidarcies.
(2) drill through the rock core cylinder of the high 5mm of diameter 25mm according to the experiment needs, rock core is made according to the sample chamber internal diameter.
(3) the rock core cylinder washing oil that drills through is handled.
(4) the rock core cylinder behind the washing oil is carried out rosin and boil glue.
(5) the rock core cylinder that boils behind the glue is put into sample chamber, uses the epoxide-resin glue sealing and fixing.
(6) according to shown in Figure 3, sample is polished and polishes, make rock core cylinder end face concordant with the sample chamber end face.
(7) remove rosin: wash sample with absolute ethyl alcohol, rosin can be removed and do not destroy epoxide-resin glue.
(8) model parameter adjustment: the sample chamber roof pressure can bear maximum pressure 5Mpa, and water filling or polyalcohol pressure must not surpass 4Mpa.
2) as shown in Figure 6, at first sample chamber is exported through hole 14 and pressure channel 43 is closed sealing, sample chamber inlet through hole 13 pours into liquid (materials such as crude oil, water or polymer) from figure, is forced into 2-3Pa from pressure channel 43 then, place after 1 hour, sample reaches capacity in solution;
3) adopt laser scanning co-focusing microscope that the displacement process of true core model is carried out Real Time Observation: model is placed on the objective table, the camera lens of laser scanning co-focusing microscope is adjusted to the top of sight glass window, select suitable excitation source and receive wavelength, use long-focal length lens, select suitable multiple object lens to observe, image observed in record, for example Fig. 7 (B) has shown the fluorescence channel uncalibrated image when injecting crude oil, and Fig. 7 (A) demarcates the rock matrix image for observing the emission optical channel;
4) repeating step 2) and 3), in model, have in first kind of liquid, inject second kind of liquid to the inside, use laser scanning co-focusing microscope, select suitable excitation source and reception wavelength to carry out the second time and observe, and document image; Can continue repetitive operation step 2) and 3), observe with record the third, the image of the 4th kind of liquid injection process.
5) be decompressed to normal pressure, get rid of from sample chamber outlet through hole 14 and inject liquid.
6) image with record synthesizes, and obtains the multichannel composograph, and this image can be used as the foundation that mother oil displacement process is analyzed.
The present invention can be materials such as crude oil, water, polymer separately by the fluorescence probe scaling method.Dye with fluorescein as water; Polymer dyes with fluorescence is blue.Excitation source by adjusting laser scanning co-focusing microscope and accept wavelength different objects (through liquid, crude oil or the rock forming mineral of fluorescence probe demarcation) are observed and record again: as:
A) after the fluid injection, observe at rock forming mineral in the sample, the laser of selecting the 488nm wavelength selects the 488nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and shows with green, referring to Fig. 7 A.
B) at the observation of the lightweight component of crude oil in the sample, the laser of selecting the 488nm wavelength selects 510nm~600nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and uses red display, referring to Fig. 7 B.
C) at the observation of the heavy component of crude oil in the sample, the laser of selecting the 488nm wavelength selects 600nm~800nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and shows with blue.
D) observation of water in sample: with fluorescein dyeing, the laser of selecting the 512nm wavelength is selected 550nm~600nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source to water, observes, and shows with blue before injecting.
E) observation of polymer in sample: with the blue dyeing of fluorescence, the laser of selecting the 613nm wavelength was selected 650nm~700nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and uses red display before polymer injected.
As shown in Figure 7, Fig. 7 A demarcates the rock matrix image for observing the emission optical channel, and Fig. 7 B is for observing fluorescence channel demarcation crude oil image, and Fig. 7 C is through the multichannel composograph with Fig. 7 A and Fig. 7 B.Show by this image: crude oil can clearly be observed contacting and marriage relation of crude oil and rock forming mineral by Fig. 7, and by dynamic observing displacement process, the displacement effect be made accurate evaluation in displacement process.
Utilize the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of the present invention, not only can the Real Time Observation mother oil displacement process, analyze the distribution situation of residual oil in pore throat in the hole, also can carry out sensitiveness and handle the observation of the response situation of home position observation sample sample.
Though the present invention is described by previous embodiment, but still can change its form and details, make not breaking away under the spirit of the present invention.Aforementioned for the most rational using method of the present invention, one of the mode that can specifically implement for the present invention only, but not as limit.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of method of real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core is characterized in that, step is:
1) prepares true core real time observing oil-driving model, it includes: the top pressure closure, that the sample chamber, that a base, is located at base inside is located at base top is located at the optical thin film that sight glass window and in the middle of the top pressure closure covers core sample, and sample chamber, core sample and optical thin film are fixed on the centre of base and top pressure closure.
2) according to the inwall size that is slightly less than sample chamber, the rock sample that washes oil is processed, and the thickness requirement of rock sample is slightly larger than the thickness of sample chamber, and rock sample is fixed in the sample chamber with organic glass, then the rock sample that exceeds sample chamber is polished, cut open light then.Sample chamber is packed in the base, cover optical thin film at the sample surfaces that cuts open light, optical thin film edge and sample chamber contact site adopt special seal glue to handle, and begin experiment.
3) at first sample chamber is exported through hole and pressure channel is closed sealing, sample chamber inlet through hole pours into liquid (materials such as crude oil, water or polymer) from figure, be forced into 2-3Pa from pressure channel then, place after 1 hour, sample reaches capacity in solution;
4) adopt the fluorescence probe scaling method, laser scanning co-focusing microscope carries out Real Time Observation to the displacement process of true core model: model is placed on the objective table, the camera lens of laser scanning co-focusing microscope is adjusted to the top of sight glass window, select suitable excitation source and receive wavelength, use long-focal length lens, select suitable multiple object lens to observe, image observed in record;
5) repeating step 2) and 3), in model, have in first kind of liquid, inject second kind of liquid to the inside, use laser scanning co-focusing microscope, select suitable excitation source and reception wavelength to carry out the second time and observe, and document image; Can continue repetitive operation step 2) and 3), observe with record the third, the image of the 4th kind of liquid injection process.
6) be decompressed to normal pressure, get rid of from sample chamber outlet through hole and inject liquid.
7) image with record synthesizes, and obtains the multichannel composograph, and this image can be used as the foundation that mother oil displacement process is analyzed.
2, the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, base described in the step 1) is a cuboid, the centre is provided with a circular groove, on the groove periphery, be provided with little groove, on base, also be provided with a plurality of screwed holes, be respectively equipped with sample chamber inlet, sample chamber outlet in the position in the center of circle of the relative two sides corresponding circle connected in star of base.
3, the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, sample chamber described in the step 1) is one to have the round platform of groove, the sample chamber notch upwards is located in the circular groove of base, be used to place core sample in the groove of sample chamber, and on the sample chamber periphery, be provided with little groove to corresponding ridge, ridge is fixed in the groove of base sample chamber by engaging with little groove; The correspondence position of sample chamber and sample chamber inlet, sample chamber outlet is provided with two through holes, can enter the mouth by sample chamber when experiment, sample chamber outlet and through hole adjust core sample inside.
4, the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, optical thin film described in the step 1) is located at the upper surface of core sample, the area of optical thin film is greater than the area of core sample upper surface, because core sample may be to have corrosive material, and the pressure at groove when reaction can become big, so optical thin film adopts the anticorrosion optical thin film of resistance to compression, and in order to make reaction effect better, optical thin film edge and sample chamber contact site adopt special seal glue to handle.
5, the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, general and the size corresponding with the core sample in the middle of the sample chamber in the shape of glass window described in the step 1) and position is generally greater than the size of core sample, and glass window is a circle.
6, the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, top pressure closure described in the step 1) is circular, be provided with on the top pressure closure periphery with base on a plurality of screwed holes of being provided with to corresponding screwed hole, screw is fixed on sample chamber, core sample and optical thin film by screwed hole on the base and the screwed hole on the top pressure closure centre of base and top pressure closure.
7, the method for real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the window of sight glass described in the step 1) adopts extraordinary tempered glass material processing, surface plating anti-reflection film; Described base, sample chamber and top pressure closure adopt stainless steel processing.
8, as the method for the arbitrary described real-time observing mother oil displacement process of true core of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that the concrete application and the observed result of the scaling method of fluorescence probe described in the step 4):
A) after the fluid injection, observe at rock forming mineral in the sample, the laser of selecting the 488nm wavelength selects the 488nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and shows with green;
B) at the observation of the lightweight component of crude oil in the sample, the laser of selecting the 488nm wavelength selects 510nm~600nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and uses red display;
C) at the observation of the heavy component of crude oil in the sample, the laser of selecting the 488nm wavelength selects 600nm~800nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and shows with blue;
D) observation of water in sample: with fluorescein dyeing, the laser of selecting the 512nm wavelength is selected 550nm~600nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source to water, observes, and shows with blue before injecting;
E) observation of polymer in sample: with the blue dyeing of fluorescence, the laser of selecting the 613nm wavelength was selected 650nm~700nm wavelength as receiving wavelength as excitation source, observes, and uses red display before polymer injected.
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