CN101389933A - 使用反向偏置二极管的电容性感测隔离 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及使用反向偏置二极管的电容性感测隔离。提供一种电容性传感器。该电容性传感器包括用于输出感测信号的传感器/加热垫、耦合于传感器/加热垫的第一节点的第一二极管、耦合于传感器/加热垫的第二节点的第二二极管、耦合于第一二极管的第一晶体管以及耦合于第二二极管的第二晶体管。在感测模式中,将第一和第二晶体管断开并在第一二极管与第二二极管上施加反向偏置信号,以将传感器/加热垫与第一及第二晶体管隔离。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2006年1月26日提交的序列号为60/762,125的美国临时申请的优先权,该申请在此通过引用而并入。
发明领域
本发明涉及乘客分类系统。
背景技术
用于机动车座位的电容性感测系统向单个感测电极发出时变电压,并且测量从感测电极到地的负载电流。时变电压可以有很多种形状,虽然优选的形状是频率在大约50KHz至大约150KHz的正弦信号。当成年乘客位于座位上时,该负载电流显著增大,而儿童坐在机动车座位上时,则只稍增大。
通常,电容性感测系统使用同一元件既感测机动车座位上的乘客又加热机动车座位。典型地,为了在加热与感测之间切换,高侧和低侧场效应晶体管(FET)切换为开(加热)和关(感测)来相应地施加电力和与地隔离。然而,使用场效应晶体管的一个缺点是它们可能产生影响感应测量的寄生电容。
相应地,需要由电容性感测系统的内阻抗提供更好性能的系统。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个实施例,传感器包括用于输出感测信号的传感器/加热垫、耦合于传感器/加热垫的第一节点的第一二极管、耦合于传感器/加热垫的第二节点的第二二极管、耦合于第一二极管的第一晶体管以及耦合于第二二极管的第二晶体管。在感测模式中,断开第一和第二晶体管并向第一二极管和第二二极管施加反向偏置信号,以将传感器/加热垫与第一和第二晶体管隔离。
根据本发明的另一实施例,传感器包括参考电路,用于测量温度对感测信号的影响并输出可用于调整感测信号的参考感测测量。
可以理解的是,前面的概述内容及下文的详细描述仅仅是示例性和解释性的,而不是对所要求保护的发明的限定。
附图说明
通过下面的描述、所附权利要求书及附图中所示的所附示例性实施例,本发明的这些及其他特征、方面及优势将会显而易见,下面对附图进行简要说明。
图1为示出驱动屏蔽信号概念及高电流通路中的隔离二极管的示意图;当感测时,断开场效应晶体管,二极管被反向偏置,并且在二极管与场效应晶体管之间施加驱动屏蔽信号;
图2是反向偏置二极管的电流-电压图;应将二极管两端的偏置设置成使得在曲线的拐点(knee)外工作;且
图3是电路图,其中将以下三者用于确定是否由于二极管特性需要补偿该测量:(a)二极管具有与加热电路中的二极管相似的特性,(b)与常规感测电路相同的驱动屏蔽信号,及(c)参考电容器。
具体实施方式
本发明的实施例将参考附图进行描述。在此描述的本发明的各个实施例中,相似的标号在所有附图中代表相同或者相似的部件。
图1示出根据本发明一个方面的电容性感测系统1。用于检测乘客的电容性感测信号由传感器/加热垫70产生。在感测时,电容性感测系统1通过利用二极管20、25以及施加的反向偏置信号将电容性感测信号30与场效应晶体管10、15隔离,以保证二极管20、25不会导通电流。图1中的电容性感测信号30是正弦信号,但也可以是其他时变型信号。在感测模式中,将小于初始信号40的具有直流偏移的缓冲感测信号施加于高侧二极管20的正极;有效地使得用于将高侧场效应晶体管10同感测电路隔离的二极管20反向偏置。同样地,将大于初始信号45的具有直流偏移的缓冲感测信号施加于低侧二极管25的负极,有效地使得隔离低侧场效应晶体管15的二极管25反向偏置。这些缓冲信号40、45被称为驱动屏蔽信号。二极管20、25两端的直流偏移也可以是零或者稍正并且利用此处描述的相同概念。
当加热时,将场效应晶体管10、15闭合,然后直流电流从电池50流向地60。加热时不试图进行感测。当感测时,断开场效应晶体管10、15且反向偏置驱动屏蔽信号40、45被施加于场效应晶体管10、15与二极管20、25之间的节点。二极管20、25充当高阻抗并且有很小的电流从感测节点流出。二极管20、25之间具有可导通高频感测信号的电容。然而,由于在二极管两端的信号的高频分量几乎相等,驱动屏蔽信号40、45将流经二极管的高频电流降低至接近零水平。
根据本发明的一个方面,图2示出二极管20、25的电流-电压特性曲线200。理论上,二极管20、25具有不随温度变化的反向偏置漏电流。然而,实际中,二极管20、25的特性随着温度变化,所以在二极管20、25的电流-电压特性曲线的拐点210外的反向偏置水平对二极管20、25进行操作(感测时)是重要的。图2示出了该操作区域220。
由于二极管反向漏电流的温度效应,将出现电容性感测系统1的一些漂移。在系统的该部件上补偿该温度效应的一个方法是使用图3中示出的反向偏置二极管310,320的“伪”组。优选地,根据本发明的一个方面,将伪二极管310、320放置成靠近隔离二极管20、25,使得它们经受与隔离二极管20、25相同的温度。
如果温度影响到图3示出的参考电容器330的测量,则其也将影响常规感测测量30。参考感测测量340可被用于补偿常规感测测量30。比如,如果因为高温,图3中的二极管310、320的反向偏置漏电流增加,有更多的电流从参考感测节点流出,那么,这应被用于下调常规感测节点30的计算测量值。
上述系统具有多个优点。由于四个阻抗隔离概念中的内阻抗,本发明实施例允许使用二极管代替场效应晶体管(“FET”)。二极管比场效应晶体管具有更便宜的价格,在该应用中具有更好的特性(较小的电容),并且不需要任何控制或者驱动信号电路。
根据本发明公开的内容,本领域技术人员可在本发明的范围和精神内得到其他实施例及其变形。因此,本领域技术人员在本发明的范围和精神内从本发明公开的内容可以获得的所有变形都被包括进来,作为本发明的进一步实施例。
Claims (22)
1、一种传感器,包括:
用于输出感测信号的传感器/加热垫;
耦合于传感器/加热垫的第一节点的第一二极管;
耦合于传感器/加热垫的第二节点的第二二极管;
耦合于第一二极管的第一晶体管;以及
耦合于第二二极管的第二晶体管,其中,在感测模式中,将第一和第二晶体管断开,以及向第一二极管和第二二极管施加反向偏置信号,以便将传感器/加热垫与第一和第二晶体管隔离。
2、如权利要求1所述的传感器,进一步包括:
耦合于第一晶体管的电源,并且其中第二晶体管耦合于地。
3、如权利要求2所述的传感器,其中,在加热模式中,将第一和第二晶体管闭合,且电流从电源流至地。
4、如权利要求1所述的传感器,其中,感测信号为正弦信号。
5、如权利要求1所述的传感器,其中,在感测模式中,将小于感测信号的、具有直流偏移的缓冲感测信号施加于第一二极管。
6、如权利要求1所述的传感器,其中,在感测模式中,将大于感测信号的、具有直流偏移的缓冲感测信号施加于第二二极管。
7、如权利要求1所述的传感器,进一步包括参考电路,用于测量由第一和第二二极管的特性引起的温度对感测信号的影响,并输出可用于调整感测信号的参考感测测量。
8、如权利要求7所述的传感器,其中参考电路进一步包含:
紧邻第一二极管和第二二极管的一组反向偏置二极管;及
耦合于该组反向偏置二极管的参考电容器。
9、如权利要求1所述的传感器,其中第一晶体管和第二晶体管为场效应晶体管。
10、一种用于感测座位上乘客的方法,包括:
提供用于输出感测信号的传感器/加热垫;
将第一二极管耦合于传感器/加热垫的第一节点;
将第二二极管耦合于传感器/加热垫的第二节点;
将第一晶体管耦合于第一二极管;
将第二晶体管耦合于第二二极管;以及
在感测模式中,将第一和第二晶体管断开,以及向第一二极管和第二二极管施加反向偏置信号,以便将传感器/加热垫与第一和第二晶体管隔离。
11、如权利要求10所述的用于感测座位上乘客的方法,进一步包括:
将电源耦合至第一晶体管;及
将第二晶体管耦合至地。
12、如权利要求11所述的用于感测座位上乘客的方法,包括:
在加热模式中,将第一和第二晶体管闭合;以及
启用电源以使得电流从电源流到地。
13、如权利要求10所述的用于感测座位上乘客的方法,进一步包括:
提供参考电路,用于测量由第一和第二二极管的特性引起的温度对感测信号的影响;以及
输出可用于调整感测信号的参考感测测量。
14、一种用于感测座位上乘客的乘客传感器,包括:
用于输出感测信号的传感器/加热垫;
耦合于传感器/加热垫的第一节点的第一二极管;
耦合于传感器/加热垫的第二节点的第二二极管;
耦合于第一二极管的第一晶体管;以及
耦合于第二二极管的第二晶体管,其中,在感测模式中,将第一和第二晶体管断开,以及向第一二极管和第二二极管施加反向偏置信号,以便将传感器/加热垫与第一和第二晶体管隔离。
15、一种传感器,包括:
用于在高频下感测及在低频下导通电流的导体;
耦合于导体的第一节点的第一二极管;
耦合于导体的第二节点的第二二极管;
耦合于第一二极管的第一晶体管;以及
耦合于第二二极管的第二晶体管,其中,在感测模式中,将第一和第二晶体管断开,以及向第一二极管和第二二极管施加驱动屏蔽信号,以便将导体与第一和第二晶体管隔离。
16、如权利要求15所述的传感器,进一步包括:
耦合于第一晶体管的电源,并且其中第二晶体管耦合于地。
17、如权利要求16所述的传感器,其中,在加热模式中,将第一和第二晶体管闭合,以及电流从电源流至地。
18、如权利要求15所述的传感器,其中感测信号是正弦信号。
19、如权利要求15所述的传感器,其中导体是电线。
20、如权利要求15所述的传感器,其中,在感测模式中,将小于感测信号的、具有直流偏移的缓冲感测信号施加于第一二极管。
21、如权利要求15所述的传感器,其中,在感测模式中,将大于感测信号的、具有直流偏移的缓冲感测信号施加于第二二极管。
22、一种传感器,包括:
传感器/加热垫;
耦合于传感器/加热垫的第一节点的第一二极管;
耦合于传感器/加热垫的第二节点的第二二极管;
耦合于第一二极管的第一晶体管;以及
耦合于第二二极管的第二晶体管,其中,在感测模式中,将第一和第二晶体管断开,以及向第一二极管和第二二极管施加驱动屏蔽信号,以便将传感器/加热垫与第一和第二晶体管隔离。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US76212506P | 2006-01-26 | 2006-01-26 | |
US60/762,125 | 2006-01-26 |
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CN101389933A true CN101389933A (zh) | 2009-03-18 |
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CNA2007800034612A Pending CN101389933A (zh) | 2006-01-26 | 2007-01-26 | 使用反向偏置二极管的电容性感测隔离 |
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US (1) | US7521940B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1977195A2 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2009527933A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101389933A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2007089654A2 (zh) |
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DE4338285A1 (de) * | 1993-11-10 | 1995-05-11 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Elektronisches Gerät für die Ansteuerung einer Sitzheizung |
JP3369535B2 (ja) * | 1999-11-09 | 2003-01-20 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | プラズマディスプレイ装置 |
JP4188680B2 (ja) * | 2000-05-26 | 2008-11-26 | オートモーティブ システムズ ラボラトリー インコーポレーテッド | 乗員センサ |
FR2841841B1 (fr) | 2002-07-03 | 2004-09-10 | Faurecia Sieges Automobile | Dispositif et procede de chauffe de sieges de vehicule automobile |
DE10311132A1 (de) | 2003-03-12 | 2004-09-23 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Verfahren und eine Einrichtung zum Ansteuern eines reversiblen Insassenschutzmittels |
US7283343B2 (en) * | 2004-12-15 | 2007-10-16 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Integrated reverse battery protection circuit for an external MOSFET switch |
-
2007
- 2007-01-26 US US11/698,275 patent/US7521940B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-01-26 JP JP2008552468A patent/JP2009527933A/ja active Pending
- 2007-01-26 EP EP07762709A patent/EP1977195A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-01-26 CN CNA2007800034612A patent/CN101389933A/zh active Pending
- 2007-01-26 WO PCT/US2007/002287 patent/WO2007089654A2/en active Application Filing
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103635120A (zh) * | 2011-03-15 | 2014-03-12 | 高田股份公司 | 用于检测机动车座椅占用的占用检测装置 |
CN103635120B (zh) * | 2011-03-15 | 2017-03-29 | 高田股份公司 | 用于检测机动车座椅占用的占用检测装置 |
CN106027014A (zh) * | 2012-05-11 | 2016-10-12 | 意法半导体研发(深圳)有限公司 | 用于功率驱动器电路应用的电流斜率控制方法和装置 |
CN106027014B (zh) * | 2012-05-11 | 2019-10-01 | 意法半导体研发(深圳)有限公司 | 用于功率驱动器电路应用的电流斜率控制方法和装置 |
CN107484265A (zh) * | 2013-05-15 | 2017-12-15 | 捷温加拿大有限公司 | 组合式的加热器和传感器及用于加热和感测的方法 |
CN107484265B (zh) * | 2013-05-15 | 2020-11-24 | 捷温加拿大有限公司 | 组合式的加热器和传感器及用于加热和感测的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2007089654A3 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
JP2009527933A (ja) | 2009-07-30 |
EP1977195A2 (en) | 2008-10-08 |
US20070208529A1 (en) | 2007-09-06 |
US7521940B2 (en) | 2009-04-21 |
WO2007089654A2 (en) | 2007-08-09 |
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