CN101386709A - Wood-plastic composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wood-plastic composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101386709A CN101386709A CNA2007100459559A CN200710045955A CN101386709A CN 101386709 A CN101386709 A CN 101386709A CN A2007100459559 A CNA2007100459559 A CN A2007100459559A CN 200710045955 A CN200710045955 A CN 200710045955A CN 101386709 A CN101386709 A CN 101386709A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of polymer processing, in particular to a wood plastic composite material and a preparation method thereof. The invention discloses the wood plastic composite material which is prepared from the following raw materials in weight percentage: 30 to 60 percent of wood fibre, 30 to 60 percent of waste plastics, 1 to 4 percent of stearic acid, 1 to 4 percent of industrial white oil, 1 to 3 percent of a coupling agent and 4 to 6 percent of a lubricant. The invention also discloses the method for preparing the wood plastic composite material and wood plastic products which are prepared from the wood plastic composite material. The wood plastic products produced by using the wood plastic composite material as a raw material are superior to similar products in the appearance quality and the physiochemical performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of polymer processing, be specifically related to a kind of wood plastic composite and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Wood plastic composite is to be raw material with plastics and wood fibre, is the ideal wood substitutes, is the desirable novel material that substitutes the wooden wrapped product of outlet.Predict that the requirement of China's timber is 100,000,000 tons in recent years, and feed rate only is 6,400 ten thousand tons, breach is very big, product as an alternative, and wood plastic composite and goods thereof have selling market widely.Wood plastic composite is made principle be the plastics that will cross through processing treatment with through the wood powder (as: fibre of plant straw, shell powder, sawdust, wood shavings, powdered rice hulls etc.) pulverizing, stablizer, coupling agent, lubricant, tinting material etc. together melting mixing make granular or sheet, extruding cooling forming through single screw rod or twin screw extruder then is the goods that have use value.
As everyone knows, there is a large amount of polar groups on the xylon surface, it is poor to deposit bigger interfacial energy in the wood plastic composite preparation process between wetting ability xylon and the hydrophobic polymer, both interfaces are difficult to fully merge, and the xylon surface exists a large amount of oh groups and easily forms hydrogen bond and cause assembling, thereby xylon can not be uniformly dispersed in polymkeric substance, and the coacervate of these xylons easily causes stress concentration under the effect of external force, make the physical and mechanical property of goods descend significantly, have influence on its widespread use.
By retrieval, found domestic and international relevant open patent of invention: one is " composite of wood and plastics " (application number is 901026395), its plastics are limited to reprocessed plastic(s), the apparatus and process of the processing of plant fiber particle and plastic raw materials and employing is conventional mixing and compacting in its raw material, so its product is failed practical application.Another for " Wood flour filled PVC product ' (application number is 001299352), wherein wood powder content is less than 40%.Also has specially heavy " lignin plastics " (application number 94113968.9), be to utilize mold pressing or injection moulding production, another " its purposes of a kind of modified composite material of woods and plastics and manufacture method thereof " (application number 02104432.5) discloses wood powder content and moulded above 50% wood, but the low problem of phase interface bonding strength between fine solution wood powder and plastics of all failing.In a word, expect always on the industry that mechanical property is good, outward appearance and processing characteristics more approach the appearance of the wood-plastic products of timber.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention provides a kind of wood plastic composite and preparation method thereof, to solve the low problem of phase interface bonding strength between wood powder and plastics.
The invention discloses a kind of wood plastic composite, form by the feedstock production of following weight ratio:
Xylon: 30-60%;
Waste or used plastics: 30-60%;
Stearic acid: 1-4%;
Industrial white oil: 1-4%;
Coupling agent: 1-3%;
Lubricant: 4-6%.
But one of in described xylon wood chip, bamboo bits, farm crop tangerine stalk powder, rice wheat husk powder, beans, W-Gum, cotton shell, nut duricrust or the coconut husk or their any combinations.
The model of described industrial white oil can be 7#, 10#, 15#, 18# or 24#, wherein preferred 10#.
Described coupling agent is selected from maleic anhydride graft PE, maleic anhydride graft PP or vinylbenzene and methyl acrylate mixture (weight ratio 1:2).
Described lubricant one of is selected from Zinc Stearate, lead stearate, calcium stearate or the macromolecule wax or their arbitrary combination.
In addition, wood plastic composite of the present invention can also contain other various additives, as in softening agent, oxidation inhibitor, light/thermo-stabilizer, photooxidant, antifogging agent, fire retardant, static inhibitor, pigment, the whipping agent one or more.Described softening agent can be the various materials that can increase matrix material plasticity, as in epoxy soybean oil, Sorbitol Powder, glycerine, the tetramethylolmethane one or more.Described oxidation inhibitor can be selected from four (one or more in 3-(3 ', 5 '-di-t-butyl-4 '-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid pentaerythritol ester (abbreviation antioxidant 1010), thio-2 acid SUNSOFT Q-182S (being called for short oxidation inhibitor DSTP), phosphorous acid esters, composite antioxidant PKY, the dihydroxyphenyl propane.Light/thermo-stabilizer can be selected from one or more in UV-series light/thermo-stabilizer, carbon black, organic tin light/thermo-stabilizer, trisnonyl phenyl phosphite (TNPP), the epoxy people soya-bean oil.Wherein, UV-series light/thermo-stabilizer can be α-hydroxyl-4-oxy-octyl benzophenone (being called for short UV-531).Described organic tin light/thermo-stabilizer can be selected from one or more in dibutyl tin laurate, the different monooctyl ester diformazan of dithioglycol ester group ethylidene tin, ester group tin RWS-784, two (the different monooctyl ester of sulfo-glycolic acid) dioctyltin (being called for short capital tin 8831), two toxilic acid dibutyl tins, the different monooctyl ester dibutyl tin of sulfo-glycol.Described pigment can be that titanium dioxide is ferrous, in the red iron oxide, Victoria Green WPB, brill basket one or more.Described whipping agent can be selected from chemical foaming agent, pneumatogen, and described chemical foaming agent can be a kind of or youngster's kind in azo xylenol amine, the azobisisobutyronitrile, and described pneumatogen can be one or more in sodium bicarbonate, the carbonic acid gas.Oneself is conventionally known to one of skill in the art for the kind of above-mentioned various additives and the selection of consumption, for example, is benchmark with the total amount of composition, wood plastic composite, and above-mentioned other content of additive is preferably 0-20 weight %.
On the other hand, the invention also discloses the preparation method of described wood plastic composite, comprise the steps:
A) old plastics go-on-go processing;
B) waste and old wood fibre is made.Plant straws such as wood powder are pulverized, dry, sieved, make its micronization, general requirement 40-80 orders, drying, water ratio is below 2%;
C) pre-treatment.Wooden fine powder after the oven dry got be added to high mixer high-speed mixing to 90 ℃, the back adds stearic acid and industrial white oil mixes to 120 ℃; Add waste or used plastics and coupling agent, lubricant then, the additive agent makes the system uniform mixing;
D) mixing preplasticizing.Carry out brute force in material follow procedure input (180-170 ℃) parallel double-screw mixing roll that pre-treatment is good and mix, its screw slenderness ratio is (36-40:1), and whole screw rod has three sections to mediate threaded blocks.After the blob of viscose of extruding was air-cooled, pulverizer was crushed to the wood plastic composite particle of 10-15mm particle diameter.
Old plastics go-on-go is processed as plastic waste and carries out the go-on-go classification, removes foreign matter the PE material is retained, and cleans to make and does, and is processed into even shape particle, and its granularity is about 3mm, and the sheet coating materials is at 10cm
2Below, water ratio is below 0.5%.
On the other hand, the invention discloses a kind of wood plastic product that adopts described wood plastic composite preparation.
In the present invention, xylon is through pre-treatment, makes the xylon surface form the hydrophobic film of one deck densification, thereby improves itself and the consistency and the dispersion of promotion xylon in wood plastic composite of polymkeric substance.Simultaneously, the change of molecular structure has taken place through the effect of secular photo-thermal ultraviolet ray, microorganism etc. in the polyolefins of waste or used plastics, makes to introduce some oxygen-containing functional groups in its molecular structure, as ketone group, alcohol radical, carboxyl, hydroxyl etc.From the structure of cellulosic structure and ageing of plastics final product, the two all has oxygen-containing functional group, has possessed the ultimate principle of substances compatible: material molecular structure is identical or close, has constituted both structure combining bases.Dose suitable promotor, coupling agent, stablizer, tackiness agent etc. on this basis again,, can promote plastics and wood fibre combination, make that its intensity is improved, physicochemical property is improved with art breading disclosed in this invention.Adopting wood plastic composite of the present invention is the wood plastic product that raw material production goes out, and all is better than like product on visual appearance still is physicochemical property.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, usually according to normal condition, or the condition of advising according to manufacturer.Ratio and per-cent are based on weight, unless stated otherwise.
The preparation of embodiment 1 wood plastic composite
With pulverizing mill xylon is worn into fineness at the fine sprills of 60 orders, with the infrared drying instrument it is dried then, its moisture content is controlled at below 2.0%;
Wooden fine powder after the oven dry is got 100Kg be added to high mixer high-speed mixing to 90 ℃ (temperature arrising caused by friction between dependence material and stirring arm, the pot wall, the speed of high-speed stirring is: 1470r/min, the stearic acid that the back adds the industrial white oil of 6Kg and 8Kg mix to 120 ℃ and finish.
In high mixer, add 100Kg waste or used plastics and 2Kg maleic anhydride graft high density polyethylene(HDPE), 8Kg lubricant (calcium stearate: 4Kg, polyethylene wax: 4Kg), the 0.1Kg anti UV agent makes the system uniform mixing.
Mixing preplasticizing: mixed material is added to flat two mixing plastic squeeze head of tablets press, after the blob of viscose of extruding is air-cooled, is crushed to the 10-15mm size particles through pulverizer;
The technological temperature control of plastic squeeze is as follows:
One district, two districts: 180-170 ℃, three districts, four districts: 170-160 ℃, five districts, six districts: 160-150, seven districts, eight districts: 150-145 ℃, nine districts, ten districts: 145-140 ℃.
The preparation of embodiment 2 wood plastic composites
With pulverizing mill xylon is worn into fineness at the fine sprills of 40 orders, with the infrared drying instrument it is dried then, its moisture content is controlled at below 2.0%;
Wooden fine powder after the oven dry is got 120Kg be added to high mixer high-speed mixing to 90 ℃ (temperature arrising caused by friction between dependence material and stirring arm, the pot wall, the speed of high-speed stirring is: 1470r/min, the stearic acid that the back adds the 10# industrial white oil of 8Kg and 8Kg mix to 120 ℃ and finish.
In high mixer, add useless day plastics of 60Kg and 6Kg maleic anhydride graft PP, 6Kg lubricant (Zinic stearas: 3Kg, polyethylene wax: 3Kg), 0.1Kg UV-531 makes the system uniform mixing.
Following steps are with embodiment 1.
The preparation of embodiment 3 wood plastic composites
With pulverizing mill xylon is worn into fineness at the fine sprills of 80 orders, with the infrared drying instrument it is dried then, its moisture content is controlled at below 2.0%;
Wooden fine powder after the oven dry is got 100Kg be added to high mixer high-speed mixing to 90 ℃ (temperature arrising caused by friction between dependence material and stirring arm, the pot wall, the speed of high-speed stirring is: 1470r/min, the stearic acid that the back adds the 10# industrial white oil of 8Kg and 8Kg mix to 120 ℃ and finish.
Adding 200Kg waste or used plastics and 5Kg maleic anhydride graft PP, 4Kg Zinic stearas, 0.2Kg UV-531,0.1Kg red iron oxide make the system uniform mixing in high mixer.
Following steps are with embodiment 1.
The preparation of embodiment 4 Wood plastic boards
Embodiment 1 broken good wood is moulded particle be extruded into sheet profile with plastics extruder, its technology controlling and process is as follows:
Engine speed: 8.0-20.0r/min, feeding rotating speed: 16.0-40.0r/min, pressure-controlling is 12.5-20.0Mpa, machine barrel 1 district: 200-190 ℃, machine barrel 2 districts: 190-180 ℃, machine barrel 3 districts: 180-170 ℃, machine barrel four districts: 170-165 ℃, merging core: 170-160 ℃, mould is respectively distinguished temperature and is controlled between 170-160 ℃.
Embodiment 5 wood plastic products detect
The method stipulated in the listed various standards of according to the form below detects the prepared various project indicators of Wood plastic boards goods of embodiment 4, result such as following table, and the physical and chemical index of embodiment 4 prepared Wood plastic boards obviously is better than common similar Wood plastic boards.
| Test item | Wood plastic product of the present invention | Common wood plastic product | Examination criteria |
| Tensile strength (Mpa) | ≥10 | ≥5 | ASTM?D638 |
| Flexural strength (Mpa) | ≥12 | ≥8 | ASTM?D790 |
| Bending elastic modulus (Mpa) | ≥1600 | ≥1000 | ASTM?D790 |
| Compressive strength (Mpa) | ≥30 | ≥25 | ASTM?D143 |
| Shore hardness (D) | ≥60 | ≥50 | GB?2411-80 |
| Relative density (g/cm3) | 0.8-1.2 | 0.9-1.4 | ASTM?D792 |
| Water-intake rate (%) | 1-3 | 2-4 | ASTM?D1037 |
| Nail-holding ability (N) | ≥3000 | ≥2000 | ASTM?D1761 |
| Heat-drawn wire (℃) | ≥100 | ≥100 | ASTM?D648 |
Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after having read above-mentioned teachings of the present invention, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of wood plastic composite is formed by the feedstock production of following weight ratio:
Xylon: 30-60%;
Waste or used plastics: 30-60%;
Stearic acid: 1-4%;
Industrial white oil: 1-4%;
Coupling agent: 1-3%;
Lubricant: 4-6%.
2, wood plastic composite according to claim 1 is characterized in that described xylon one of is selected from wood chip, bamboo bits, farm crop tangerine stalk powder, rice wheat husk powder, beans, W-Gum, cotton shell, nut duricrust or the coconut husk or their any combinations.
3, wood plastic composite according to claim 1 is characterized in that the model of described industrial white oil can be 7#, 10#, 15#, 18# or 24#.
4, wood plastic composite according to claim 3, the model that it is characterized in that described industrial white oil is 10#.
5, wood plastic composite according to claim 1 is characterized in that described coupling agent is selected from vinylbenzene that maleic anhydride graft PE, maleic anhydride graft PP or weight ratio are 1:2 and the methyl acrylate mixture.
6, wood plastic composite according to claim 1 is characterized in that described lubricant one of is selected from Zinc Stearate, lead stearate, calcium stearate or the macromolecule wax or their arbitrary combination.
7, wood plastic composite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that also containing the additive of 0-20 weight %, described additive comprises one or more in softening agent, neutralizing agent, oxidation inhibitor, light/thermo-stabilizer, photooxidant, antifogging agent, fire retardant, static inhibitor, lubricant, pigment, the whipping agent.
8, the preparation method of the described wood plastic composite of claim 1 comprises the steps:
A) old plastics go-on-go processing;
B) wood fibre is made: plant straws such as wood powder are pulverized, dry, sieved, make its micronization, and general requirement 40-80 orders, drying, water ratio is below 2%;
C) pre-treatment: the wooden fine powder after will drying is got and is added to high mixer high-speed mixing to 90 ℃, and the back adds stearic acid and industrial white oil mixes to 120 ℃; Add waste or used plastics and coupling agent, lubricant then, the additive agent makes the system uniform mixing;
D) mixing preplasticizing: material that pre-treatment is good drops in the parallel double-screw mixing roll, and carrying out brute force under 180-170 ℃ mixes; After the blob of viscose of extruding was air-cooled, pulverizer was crushed to the wood plastic composite particle of 10-15mm particle diameter.
9, preparation method according to claim 8 is characterized in that its screw slenderness ratio of the mixing roll of parallel double-screw described in the step b) is 36-40:1, and whole screw rod has three sections to mediate threaded block.
It is 10, a kind of that to adopt each described wood plastic composite of claim 1-7 be the wood plastic product that feedstock production goes out.
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| CNA2007100459559A CN101386709A (en) | 2007-09-13 | 2007-09-13 | Wood-plastic composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CNA2007100459559A CN101386709A (en) | 2007-09-13 | 2007-09-13 | Wood-plastic composite material and preparation method thereof |
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