CN101384229A - 浮动光学部可调节型人工晶状体 - Google Patents

浮动光学部可调节型人工晶状体 Download PDF

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CN101384229A
CN101384229A CNA2007800059766A CN200780005976A CN101384229A CN 101384229 A CN101384229 A CN 101384229A CN A2007800059766 A CNA2007800059766 A CN A2007800059766A CN 200780005976 A CN200780005976 A CN 200780005976A CN 101384229 A CN101384229 A CN 101384229A
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斯图尔特·J·卡明
史蒂文·J·戴尔
乔纳森·R·索伊塞特
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C&C Vision International Ltd
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Abstract

一种可调节型人工晶状体，其包括：柔性的本体；柔性的光学部，其能够相对于晶状体的本体前后移动；以及弱化部分，其将光学部连接到所述本体。该本体可具有延伸的中心部分以及在其端部上的固定环。

Description

浮动光学部可调节型人工晶状体
背景技术
多年来，人工晶状体一直沿用具有环的单光学部的设计，所述环附接至所述光学部以将晶状体居中并将晶状体固定在人眼的空囊袋中。在80年代中期出现了板式晶状体，其包括具有6毫米的光学部且长度为10.5毫米的硅酮晶状体。这些晶状体能够折叠但却不能很好地固定在囊袋中，而是居于前囊膜和后囊膜之间的凹穴中。这种最初的可折叠晶状体完全由硅酮制成。在20世纪90年代中期提出了将丙烯酸树脂材料作为晶状体光学部。丙烯酸树脂晶状体包括具有直边的双凸面光学部，环插置于其中以将晶状体在眼中居中并将晶状体固定在囊袋内。
最近市场上出现了可调节型人工晶状体，这种晶状体总体上为改型的襻板式晶状体，并且和硅酮襻板式晶状体一样在板和光学部后表面的连接处之间没有明显分界。襻板式晶状体可以定义为具有两个或更多个襻板的人工晶状体，所述襻板与光学部的组合连接处占据光学部周缘的四分之一或更多。
柔性丙烯酸树脂材料明显受到眼科医生的青睐。以2003年为例，超过50％的植入人工晶状体具有丙烯酸树脂光学部。目前也出现了水凝胶晶状体。丙烯酸树脂材料和水凝胶材料两者在多次弯曲后都会碎裂。
可调节型晶状体的出现在某种程度限制了能够制成晶状体的材料，这种晶状体通过经由反复弯曲以沿眼睛的轴线移动光学部而起作用。硅酮是理想的材料，因为它是柔性的并且能够弯曲大概几百万次而不会出现任何损坏。另外，在所述板上邻近光学部的地方可以贯穿地设置有槽或铰链，其作为晶状体设计的一部分以便于光学部相对于襻板的外端移动。在以J.Stuart Cumming署名的美国专利No.6,387,126中公开了这种性质的示例性可调节型晶状体。
发明内容
根据本发明，提供了一种具有晶状体本体和光学部的新式可调节型人工晶状体，该晶状体可以被认为是包括“浮动活塞式光学部”，所述“浮动活塞式光学部”具有位于晶状体本体和光学部之间的多个带状部或指状部，例如四个等，以允许该光学部响应于随调节产生的压力梯度而以活塞的方式前后移动。
因此，本发明的特征在于提供一种新式可调节型晶状体。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的晶状体正面或前面的立体图。
图2是所述前面的俯视图。
图3是晶状体背面或后面的俯视图。
图4是侧视图。
图5是端视图。
图6是沿图2的线6-6的截面图。
图7是晶状体背面或后面的立体图。
具体实施方式
现在参照附图，图1是本发明晶状体10的立体图，其包括晶状体本体或板12以及光学部14。本体12包括襻板(haptics)15。本体12和光学部14由硅酮或其它适合的柔性材料形成。本体12和光学部14的外围或外径之间设置有柔性的带状部16。所述带状部可以是沿径向0.5毫米长并且厚度为0.1毫米，从而基本产生了由所述带状部支持的“活塞式光学部”14。在又一个替代方案中，晶状体可以具有连续的裙边，所述裙边围绕所述光学部并将光学部连接到晶状体本体。光学部14通常能够具有4.5毫米的直径，整个晶状体10在短边上的通常宽度为6.1毫米，在长边上端到端(不包括固定指状部)的通常长度为10.5毫米。
本体12和光学部14以及外部加厚的底板端部20均由硅酮或其它适合的柔性材料形成。晶状体10还包括聚酰亚胺或类似材料制成的固定环24。通常环至环的外部长度为11.5毫米。加厚的端部20将固定环24完全包容在硅酮中从而提供牢固的基体以保持所述环24。该板的这些加厚区域还有另外的功能。它们也用于在消除白内障之后抬高人晶状体的前囊膜，使其离开光学部并离开后囊膜。这样可以起到减少囊膜混浊和收缩的作用。
带状部16起到拟悬韧带复合体的作用，以使光学部可以前后移动。大约0.7毫米宽的带状部是包围光学部14的晶状体本体12的平面中相对较弱的点，因此允许整个光学部14通过向前平移运动而从其较远的后位前向(向前)突出。如下所述，通过将光学部14的质量保持最小而加强了这一特征。这种新机制可以增强晶状体其它特征的效果。本发明的晶状体包括通过所述板或本体12中的弱化区域16前后移动的可变形固体光学部，而不是如一些现有晶状体中那样通过孔进行推压的充满流体的液囊。本体12前侧面上的用于铰接襻板15的铰链18进一步方便了光学部随睫状肌收缩的移动。
使本发明的晶状体可调节的另一个特点在于光学部14能够是可变形的，并且能够构造成具有低于以前置于晶状体中的光学部的硬度。类似于Eyeonics Inc.的AT45型晶状体(硬度48)，围板12也优选地由更高的标准硬度的材料制成。光学部14本身不必对晶状体的结构稳定性做出贡献，因此光学部14可以非常柔软。除沿轴向前平移之外，具有可调节性的光学部14的弯曲或变形也将导致光焦度(power)变化。这会导致光学部的弯曲加重。将光学部保持得非常薄加强了这一特征，因为在任意的给定作用力水平的情况下较薄的光学部将比较厚的光学部弯曲得更厉害。对于10至33的屈光度范围，光学部14中心厚度的示例范围为大约0.38毫米至1.07毫米。本发明晶状体的光学部通常的标准屈光度为22屈光度并且所述光学部厚度为0.73毫米。相比之下，前面提到的AT45在22屈光度时的厚度为0.88毫米，更新的AT-45SE厚度为0.98毫米。
光学部14可以被设置成例如直径为4.5毫米且边缘厚度减少为0.1到0.2毫米。折射率能够增加并且这进一步加强了此特征。光学部14通过带状部在所有顶点对称地系缚到板12意味着曲率的光焦度变化也是对称的，这意味着球形的光焦度变化，而与一些其它晶状体中发现的散光(astigmatic)变化不同。光学部弯曲是一种新的且知之甚少的现象，并且可能遇到导致在近距离或远距离处视力不佳的、不希望的光学变形，在这种情况下需要提高材料的硬度。
借助镊子或注射器能够容易地折叠本发明的晶状体。预装系统是优选的。
如图3和图7中所示的情况，另一个特征是在襻板臂和/或板12的背面(后侧)上包含一个或多个脊状部40。这些脊状部横贯所述板并且绕晶状体本体的周缘完全包围光学部。邻近光学部带状部，在横贯所述板的第一脊状部中央具有另一脊状部。这些脊状部的目的在于防止晶状体上皮细胞增殖到所述板或光学部后面的区域内。对于板式晶状体而言，这能够显著降低囊收缩的发生率。上皮细胞将无法迁移到板下并且不会进行纤维性收缩。另外，襻板、环的直角边缘以及光学部的直角边缘进一步起保护作用防止细胞从板的侧部迁移进入。
尽管示出和描述了本发明的实施方式，但是在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下可以做出各种的变型，并且本发明意在覆盖所有这种修改及其等同物。

Claims (10)

1.一种可调节型人工晶状体，其包括柔性的本体和柔性的光学部，所述晶状体光学部通过使所述晶状体光学部相对于所述晶状体的本体前后移动的结构而安装到所述本体并被所述本体包围。
2.如权利要求1所述的晶状体，其中，在所述本体和所述光学部之间具有多个带状部。
3.如权利要求1所述的晶状体，其中，连续的裙边包围所述光学部并将所述光学部连接到所述晶状体的本体。
4.如权利要求1所述的晶状体，还包括自所述本体外端延伸的环。
5.如权利要求1所述的晶状体，其中，所述本体的后侧面包括脊状部。
6.一种可调节型人工晶状体，其包括柔性的本体和柔性的光学部，所述柔性的光学部通过设置在所述光学部和所述本体之间的多个薄的柔性带状部安装到所述本体，所述带状部沿径向长约0.5毫米并且厚约0.1毫米，所述晶状体包括多个附接到所述本体端部的固定环。
7.如权利要求6所述的晶状体，包括位于所述晶状体的本体内的具有弱化变薄部分或铰接部分的襻板，从而使所述晶状体的光学部相对于所述襻板的外端前后移动，环绕所述晶状体光学部的晶状体本体部分位于所述铰链中央。
8.如权利要求6所述的晶状体，其中，所述襻板的外端包括环，以便牢固地固定所述晶状体并使其居中。
9.如权利要求6所述的晶状体，其中，所述光学部构造成随睫状肌收缩而发生光学变形以提高近距视觉。
10.如权利要求6所述的晶状体，其中，所述晶状体本体具有前凸部以将人晶状体前囊膜从所述晶状体的本体分离，因此产生用于在睫状肌收缩时使所述光学部向前移动的空间。
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CN102920533B (zh) * 2011-08-12 2015-04-22 爱博诺德（北京）医疗科技有限公司 动态双模式可调焦人工晶体和人眼视力动态调节方法
CN108472128A (zh) * 2015-11-16 2018-08-31 晶状体小带环球公司 改进的可调节人工晶状体
CN108472128B (zh) * 2015-11-16 2020-10-27 晶状体小带环球公司 增强的可调节人工晶状体
CN108430389A (zh) * 2015-12-22 2018-08-21 诺华股份有限公司 调节性人工晶状体

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CA2637619A1 (en) 2007-08-30
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ATE467398T1 (de) 2010-05-15
WO2007098173A3 (en) 2007-10-25
US20070198084A1 (en) 2007-08-23
AU2007217754A1 (en) 2007-08-30
WO2007098173A2 (en) 2007-08-30
EP1991167A2 (en) 2008-11-19
WO2007098173A8 (en) 2008-09-25
KR20090003161A (ko) 2009-01-09
AU2007217754A8 (en) 2008-08-21
CN101384229B (zh) 2011-05-25
JP2009527276A (ja) 2009-07-30
US7837730B2 (en) 2010-11-23
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