CN101377150B - Double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine - Google Patents
Double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a double-component single-piston type hydraulic free-piston engine, which comprises a single-piston hydraulic free-piston engine, an oxidizer storage tank, a fuel agent storage tank, an oxidizer control valve, a fuel agent control valve and an electronic control unit; wherein, both the outlet end of the oxidizer control valve and the outlet end of the fuel agent control valve are communicated with the air inlet of the power cavity of the single-piston hydraulic free-piston engine; the inlet end of the oxidizer control valve is connected with the outlet end of the oxidizer storage tank; the inlet end of the fuel agent control valve is connected with the outlet end of the fuel agent storage tank; and the control end of the oxidizer control valve and the control end of the fuel agent control valve are respectively connected with the corresponding output ends of the electronic control unit. The double-component single-piston type hydraulic free-piston engine, which is characterized by simple structure, reliable operation, wide application range, high energy density, high power density, little moving parts, etc., can operate under various oxygen-deficient or oxygen-free environments, such as plateaus, underwater and outer space, and can realize stroke control and regenerative braking.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine; Be particularly related to a kind of extraordinary motor of hydraulic free-piston that prime mover and reciprocating hydraulic pump are become one; Can be the autonomous running mechanism of energy of engineering running mechanism, field work, certainly walk platform and anaerobic or anaerobic environment (as space, under water or plateau etc.) in the power plant of hydraulic energy supply; In hydraulic pressure fork truck, hydraulic shovel, hydraulic pressure paver and energy autonomous robot, be with a wide range of applications, belong to the energy and power technology field.
Background technique
Hydraulic free-piston engine is claimed former dynamic formula reciprocating hydraulic pump again, is meant prime mover and oil hydraulic pump are become one, and be working medium with liquid (being generally hydraulic oil), utilize fluid pressure can realize one type of extraordinary motor of the non-rigid transmission of power.Hydraulic free-piston engine can be divided into three kinds of basic structure forms such as single piston, double-piston and opposed pistons according to the difference of structural type.Though specific constructive form is different; But the essential characteristic of hydraulic free-piston engine is identical: be that pump piston by the power piston of prime mover and oil hydraulic pump directly is rigidly connected through piston rod and forms as one free piston assembly of the basic exercise spare in it promptly; And not receiving the constraint of mechanical rod member, is " freedom ".Compare with the assembly power of conventional internal-combustion engine and oil hydraulic pump; Hydraulic free-piston engine has saved all power-supply change-over and the transfer mechanisms of prime mover piston (like internal combustion engine) to oil hydraulic pump piston space; Therefore have simple in structure, number of parts is few, Transmitted chains is short, efficient is high and advantage such as easy realization regenerative braking, receives academia and industrial quarters is paid close attention to widely.Strong Competitor as the assembly power of curved shaft type internal-combustion engine and oil hydraulic pump; The cell power of internal combustion type hydraulic free-piston engine is 15～25kW, in engineering running mechanism such as excavator, fork truck, hoist, urban bus and military vehicle (like tank), has wide application prospect.
Theory and practice shows: in order to guarantee reliably and the efficiently running of motor; Constant compression ratio is the necessary condition of spark ignition (spark ignition) or the conventional internal-combustion engine of ignition by compression (compression ignition), and its size all has direct or indirect influence to all properties index of motor.As far as the curved shaft type internal-combustion engine, compression ratio is a design parameter, and its size is guaranteed by the length of mechanical rod member.In case engine design finishes, its compression ratio will remain definite value, not have the constant control problem of compression ratio size, and igniting or injection timing only influence the service behaviour of motor.And as far as the internal combustion type hydraulic free-piston engine, owing to there is not the constraint of mechanical rod member, its compression ratio is the operating variable that is decided by engine behavior.Different with the curved shaft type internal-combustion engine, the accurate control of compression ratio not only has critical influence to each item performance index of internal combustion type hydraulic free-piston engine, determines the precondition that can the internal combustion type hydraulic free-piston engine turn round especially.
As far as single-piston hydraulic free-piston engine; Owing to have only a power cavity; And compression stroke relies on independently, and hydraulic pressure revertant system accomplishes; Though the accurate control of its compression ratio is simple than double piston type and opposed piston hydraulic free-piston engine, can realize through the parameter of control hydraulic pressure answering system.But realize the accurate control of compression ratio and be not easy; Need to rely on complicated detection control system; This not the one pole earth effect motor reliability of operation; And as far as spark ignition or the conventional internal combustion type hydraulic free-piston engine of compression ignition type; Owing to need from atmosphere, suck air (mainly being oxygen) in the engine working process,, make their application in anaerobic or anaerobic environment (like the bottom or space) receive very big restriction so this internal-combustion engine has dependence to airborne oxygen.
Summary of the invention
Deficiency and shortcoming to above-mentioned conventional internal combustion type hydraulic free-piston engine; The present invention provides a kind of double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine; This double group component hydraulic free-piston engine has reliable operation, volume is little, in light weight, energy density is high, specific power is big, output flow and pressure can be according to outstanding advantages such as load regulation; Be be suitable for engineering running mechanism and energy autonomous robot and other mechanical devices in the open air, plateau, space and wait the energy supply device of operation in the environment under water, in engineering running mechanism and energy autonomy running mechanism, be with a wide range of applications.
Double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine of the present invention comprises single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine, oxygenant holding vessel, fuel agent holding vessel, oxygenant control valve, fuel agent control valve and ECU; The outlet end of the outlet end of said oxygenant control valve and fuel agent control valve all is communicated with the suction port of single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine power cavity; The entry end of oxygenant control valve is connected with said oxygenant holding vessel outlet end; The entry end of fuel agent control valve is connected with said fuel agent holding vessel outlet end, and the control end of the control end of oxygenant control valve and fuel agent control valve connects the corresponding output end of said ECU respectively.
Above-mentioned single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine can adopt following structure, comprising:
The engine main body part; It comprises by the power cylinder body, replys cylinder body and the oil hydraulic pump cylinder body is arranged in order the engine cylinder-body of forming; The power piston that places the power cylinder body respectively, replys in cylinder body and the oil hydraulic pump cylinder body and be connected as a single entity through piston rod, reply piston and oil hydraulic pump piston, power piston, the piston rod of replying piston, oil hydraulic pump piston and being connected them constitute free piston assembly, and said power piston is divided into power cavity and back of the body chamber with the ram intracoelomic cavity; Suction port is established in the outer end of power cavity; Back of the body chamber sidewall is provided with relief opening, and said answer piston surrounds with the answer cylinder body and replys the chamber, and said oil hydraulic pump piston and oil hydraulic pump cylinder body surround the hydraulic pressure pump chamber;
Variable hydraulic motor/pump, two ports of this variable hydraulic motor/pump are communicated with the hydraulic pressure pump chamber of said engine main body part through hydraulic pressure high tension loop, hydraulic pressure low tension loop respectively; And,
Hydraulic pressure revertant system; It comprises the recovery stroke control valve, hydraulic pressure is replied accumulator, first and replied the flow one-way valve and the second answer flow one-way valve; The control end of recovery stroke control valve is connected with ECU one output terminal; The entry end that said hydraulic pressure answer accumulator is replied the flow one-way valve through recovery stroke control valve and second is connected; Hydraulic pressure is replied accumulator and also is connected with the outlet end of the first answer flow one-way valve, and the outlet end that the entry end and second of the first answer flow one-way valve is replied the flow one-way valve all is communicated with the answer chamber of said engine main body part.
Further can otherly in the hydraulic pressure high tension loop of single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine connect a high pressure accumulator, the side connects a low pressure accumulator in its hydraulic pressure low tension loop.So that this motor can reclaim braking kinetic energy or gravitational potential energy, realize regenerative braking.
The hydraulic pressure pump chamber of above-mentioned engine main body part also can be communicated with low pressure accumulator in the said hydraulic pressure low tension loop through a stroke adjustment loop; The trip regulating loop comprises the range control valve and unloading one-way valve that is connected in series; Control termination ECU one output terminal of range control valve can make motor hydraulic oil when the expansion acting process not get into the hydraulic pressure high tension loop and directly flow back to low pressure accumulator from the trip regulating loop through control range control valve.
Double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine of the present invention can be designed as catalytic ignition formula or homogeneous phase igniting type.
When adopting the catalytic ignition formula, the outlet end of said fuel agent control valve is communicated with the suction port of said single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine power cavity through fuel agent injection catheter; The outlet end of said oxygenant control valve is communicated with the suction port of said single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine power cavity through the oxidizer catalytic bed that includes catalyzer.When motor was in the expansion expansion stroke, ECU was opened the oxygenant control valve earlier, and fuel agent control valve is opened in the back; At oxidant stream in the catalytic bed process; At first by the high-temperature gas mixture of catalyst decomposes for forming by oxygen and water vapour; When this high-temperature gas mixture meets with the fuel agent that sprays into the engine power chamber; The fuel agent is lighted rapidly and is discharged lot of energy, thereby drives engine operation and output hydraulic pressure ability.
When adopting the homogeneous phase igniting type, the outlet end of said fuel agent control valve is communicated with the suction port of said single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine power cavity through fuel agent injection catheter; The outlet end of said oxygenant control valve is communicated with the suction port of said single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine power cavity through the oxidant injection conduit.In fuel agent holding vessel, except storing flammability fuel, also store the rapid catalyzer that decomposes of the oxygenant that can make in the oxygenant holding vessel.When motor is in the expansion expansion stroke; Open simultaneously by ECU control oxygenant control valve and fuel agent control valve; In the process of mixing is met in oxygenant and fuel agent, under the effect of the catalyzer that in the fuel agent, is dissolved with, violent decomposition reaction will take place in oxygenant; HTHP mixed gas and the pilot fuel agent of forming with water vapour that produce oxygen discharges lot of energy, thereby drives engine operation and output hydraulic pressure ability.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Owing to use double elements fuel (being oxygenant and fuel agent); Rely on the high-temperature gas mixture fire fuel agent of oxidizer catalytic decomposition generation during work and provide burning needed oxygen; So the motor ignition mechanism that need not to add and be the compression stroke that satisfies additional ignition device needs precise design need not complicated detection control system, and is simple in structure; Reliable operation; And need not from environment, to suck air during engine operation, and can be on the plateau, reach in the environment of various anoxics such as space or anaerobic and work under water, using scope is wide.Simultaneously, owing to use double elements fuel, fuel value is not only much larger than the calorific value of SP, and the calorific value of more identical liquid carbon hydrogen fuel perfect combustion in air dielectric is also high, and single-machine capacity can reach 20kW.
Owing between the hydraulic pressure pump chamber of motor and low pressure accumulator, be provided with the stroke adjustment loop; Can make motor hydraulic oil when expansion acting process not get into the hydraulic pressure high tension loop and directly flow back to low pressure accumulator from the trip regulating loop; Variable hydraulic motor/pump is not turned round, thereby can realize stroke adjustment.
Owing to connect high pressure accumulator and low pressure accumulator in the side respectively in high tension loop and low tension loop, can reclaim braking kinetic energy or gravitational potential energy, realize regenerative braking.
It is controlled to stall/starts through fuel control valve, and starting and stopping control is easy, and single stroke is controlled.The controllability of each stroke is that the selection of whole engine control strategy provides greater flexibility.And do not have starting, idle running and idling process, energy conversion efficiency is high.
This engine part number is few, and compact structure, its free piston assembly are the basic exercise spare in this double elements free-piston engine, and it is both as the seal element between each cylinder body, again as the working piston of oil hydraulic pump.And do not have side-friction force between piston assembly and the casing wall, frictional loss reduces, and can effectively improve the long working life of motor.
In addition; This motor can change the frequency of okperation of oxygenant control valve and fuel agent control valve or recovery stroke control valve through ECU; Change the frequency of okperation of whole engine system; Thereby the rotating speed of flexibly changing output flow and variable hydraulic motor is for the relation of the matched well between this motor and load provides possibility.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the systematic schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 1 double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine;
When Fig. 2 is in the expansion expansion stroke for embodiment's 1 motor, the flow schematic diagram of internal hydraulic fluid;
Fig. 3 replys in the stroke procedure for embodiment's 1 motor is in, the flow schematic diagram of internal hydraulic fluid;
Fig. 4 is in the regenerative braking process for embodiment's 1 motor, the flow schematic diagram of internal hydraulic fluid;
Fig. 5 is the systematic schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 2 double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engines;
Fig. 6 is the systematic schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 3 double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engines.
Embodiment
Double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine of the present invention; It is oxygenant with the high-strength hydrogen peroxide; With liquid carbon hydrogen fuels such as kerosene or ethanol is the fuel agent; The chemical energy of above-mentioned double elements fuel is converted into the heat energy of working medium and as the power that drives single-piston hydraulic free-piston engine work through catalytic ignition or liquid homogeneous phase firing mode, thereby realizes the chemical energy of double elements fuel and the direct conversion of hydraulic pressure ability.The present invention has reliable operation, volume is little, in light weight, energy density is high, specific power is big, movement parts (main movement parts have only free piston assembly) less, characteristics such as using scope is wide, be to be applicable to space, plateau or the power plant that wait hydraulic pressure such as various anoxics or oxygen-free environment to supply under water.Can reach through the physical dimension of convergent-divergent engine body or the frequency of okperation of change motor from tens of watts to thousands of watts output powers, be a kind of power plant that are applicable to engineering running mechanism and the supply of energy autonomous robot hydraulic energy.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing concrete principle of the present invention, concrete structure and working procedure are further described.
Embodiment 1: the double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine that adopts the catalytic ignition mode
With reference to Fig. 1; Embodiment's 1 double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine comprises single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine, oxygenant holding vessel 1, fuel agent holding vessel 2, oxygenant control valve 27, fuel agent control valve 3 and ECU (ECU) 28; The outlet end of the outlet end of said oxygenant control valve 27 and fuel agent control valve 3 all is communicated with the suction port 5 of single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine power cavity; The entry end of oxygenant control valve 27 is connected with said oxygenant holding vessel 1 bottom (being outlet end); The entry end of fuel agent control valve 3 is connected with said fuel agent holding vessel 2 bottoms (being outlet end), and the control end of the control end of oxygenant control valve 27 and fuel agent control valve 3 connects the corresponding output end of said ECU 28 respectively.
Wherein, single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine comprises:
The engine main body part; It comprises by power cylinder body 6, replys cylinder body 8 and oil hydraulic pump cylinder body 20 is arranged in order the engine cylinder-body of forming; The power piston 25 that places power cylinder body 6 respectively, replys in cylinder body 8 and the oil hydraulic pump cylinder body 20 and be connected as a single entity through piston rod, reply piston 22 and oil hydraulic pump piston 21; Power piston 25, the piston rod of replying piston 22, oil hydraulic pump piston 21 and being connected them constitute free piston assembly; Said power piston 25 is divided into power cavity and back of the body chamber with power cylinder body 6 inner chambers, and suction port 5 is established in the outer end of power cavity, and back of the body chamber sidewall is provided with relief opening 23; Said answer piston 22 surrounds with answer cylinder body 8 and replys chamber 9, and said oil hydraulic pump piston 21 surrounds hydraulic pressure pump chamber 14 with oil hydraulic pump cylinder body 20;
Variable hydraulic motor/pump 17, two ports of this variable hydraulic motor/pump 17 are communicated with the hydraulic pressure pump chamber 14 of said engine main body part through hydraulic pressure high tension loop, hydraulic pressure low tension loop respectively; And,
Hydraulic pressure revertant system; It comprises recovery stroke control valve 11, hydraulic pressure is replied accumulator 12, first and replied the flow one-way valve 13 and the second answer flow one-way valve 10; The control end of recovery stroke control valve 11 is connected with ECU 28 1 output terminals; The entry end that said hydraulic pressure answer accumulator 12 is replied flow one-way valve 10 through recovery stroke control valve 11 and second is connected; Hydraulic pressure is replied accumulator 12 and also is connected with the outlet end of the first answer flow one-way valve 13, and the outlet end that the entry end and second of the first answer flow one-way valve 13 is replied flow one-way valve 10 all is communicated with the answer chamber 9 of said engine main body part.
The hydraulic pressure high tension loop of above-mentioned single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine contains high tension loop flow one-way valve 15; The entry end of this high tension loop flow one-way valve 15 is communicated with the hydraulic pressure pump chamber 14 of said engine main body part, and the outlet end of high tension loop flow one-way valve 15 is communicated with the entry end of variable hydraulic motor/pump 17; The hydraulic pressure low tension loop of above-mentioned single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine contains low tension loop flow one-way valve 19; The entry end of this low tension loop flow one-way valve 19 is communicated with the outlet end of variable hydraulic motor/pump 17, and the outlet end of low tension loop flow one-way valve 19 is communicated with the hydraulic pressure pump chamber 14 of said engine main body part.
The hydraulic pressure high tension loop also comprises a high pressure accumulator 16, and this high pressure accumulator 16 is connected in the hydraulic pressure high tension loop between the flow one-way valve 15 and variable hydraulic motor/pump 17 through pipeline is other; Said hydraulic pressure low tension loop also comprises a low pressure accumulator 18, and this low pressure accumulator 18 is connected in the hydraulic pressure low tension loop between the flow one-way valve 18 and variable hydraulic motor/pump 17 through pipeline is other.
Among the embodiment 1, the outlet end of fuel agent control valve 3 is communicated with the suction port 5 of said single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine power cavity through fuel agent injection catheter 4; The outlet end of said oxygenant control valve 27 is communicated with the suction port 5 of said single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine power cavity through the oxidizer catalytic bed 26 that includes catalyzer.
Oxidizer catalytic bed 26 can be positioned at the outside of single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine power cavity suction port 5, and its inner catalyzer is solid netted catalyst or solid particle catalyzer.
Store high-strength hydrogen peroxide in the oxygenant holding vessel 1, store liquid flammability fuel such as kerosene or ethanol in the fuel agent holding vessel 2, the catalyzer in the said oxidizer catalytic bed 26 is for making the catalyzer of the rapid catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.
The working procedure of this double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine comprises the expansion expansion stroke, replys stroke and regenerative braking process, states it respectively below in conjunction with Fig. 2-4:
(1) expansion expansion stroke
ECU 28 is opened oxygenant control valve 27 earlier, and fuel agent control valve 3 is opened in the back; In the oxygenant holding vessel 1 the high-strength hydrogen peroxide of supercharging will at first flow into the catalytic bed 26 that includes solid catalyst and produce violent chemical reaction; The HTHP mixed gas that is generated meets in suction port 5 places and the fuel agent in engine power chamber; Under the effect of the HTHP mixed gas that oxygenant produced, the fuel agent is lighted and is discharged lot of energy driving free piston assembly and moved right.In the process that free piston assembly moves right, the action of realization is following:
1. low tension loop flow one-way valve 19 is closed, and the cutoff low loop is connected with hydraulic pressure pump chamber 14;
2. high tension loop flow one-way valve 15 is opened, and hydraulic pressure pump chamber 14 is carried high-pressure and hydraulic oil to the load circuit that the side connects high pressure accumulator 16, drives 17 work of variable hydraulic motor/pump, thereby realizes the chemical energy of fuel, the conversion that hydraulic pressure can arrive mechanical energy;
3. the first answer flow one-way valve 13 is opened, and the hydraulic fluids that answer piston 22 will be replied in the chamber 9 are pressed into answer accumulator 12 through the first answer flow one-way valve 13, replys the needed hydraulic pressure ability of stroke thereby accumulate;
In the double-group element single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine expansion stroke, the mobility status of fuel and hydraulic fluid is as shown in Figure 2.
(2) reply stroke
Reply stroke and be meant that double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine relies on the hydraulic pressure ability of being accumulated in the answer accumulator 12, makes free piston assembly be returned to the process of specified position in the engine cylinder-body.The main action of accomplishing is following in this process:
1. ECU 28 is given an order and is opened recovery stroke control valve 11, and the hydraulic fluid of replying in the accumulator 12 passes through the answer chamber 9 that recovery stroke control valve 11 gets into motors, drives free piston assembly to left movement;
2. at free piston assembly in the process of left movement, low tension loop flow one-way valve 19 is opened, hydraulic pressure pump chamber 14 sucks hydraulic oil from low tension loop;
3. high tension loop flow one-way valve 15 is closed, and the connecting passage of high tension loop and hydraulic pressure pump chamber 14 is cut off.
4. in free piston assembly moves to engine cylinder-body during specified position, ECU 28 is given an order and is made recovery stroke control valve 11 dead electricity, and recovery stroke finishes.
Double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine is replied in the stroke, and the mobility status of hydraulic fluid is as shown in Figure 3.
In replying stroke, when piston assembly moved to specified position, ECU gave an order and successively opens oxygenant control valve 27 and fuel agent control valve 3, so motor begins the expansion expansion stroke of a new round again.The expansion expansion stroke with reply stroke again and again repeatedly, motor will drive 17 continuous operations of variable hydraulic motor/pump continuously to load circuit delivery hydraulic pressure oil.Double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine is in above-mentioned working procedure; Can be according to the needs of load behavior; Both can change the rotating speed that drags load through the discharge capacity that changes variable hydraulic motor 17; Also can change the frequency of okperation of oxygenant control valve 27 and fuel agent control valve 3 or recovery stroke control valve 11 through ECU 28, change the frequency of okperation of whole engine system, thereby change the rotating speed of output flow and variable hydraulic motor.
(3) regenerative braking working method
Double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine is applied in the running mechanism or elevation and subsidence mechanical hand of frequent start-stop, when engine stop working and load when keeping original motion state owing to inertia can realize regenerative braking.At this moment, variable hydraulic motor/pump 17 is in the pump work state, and the hydraulic fluid in the low pressure accumulator 18 will be pumped to high pressure accumulator 16, thereby realizes the recovery of braking kinetic energy or gravitational potential energy.Fig. 4 is a load circuit hydraulic fluid flows situation schematic representation in the regenerative braking working method.
Embodiment 2: the double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine that adopts the homogeneous phase firing mode
With reference to Fig. 5; Embodiment's 2 double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engines comprise single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine, oxygenant holding vessel 1, fuel agent holding vessel 2, oxygenant control valve 27, fuel agent control valve 3 and ECU 28; The outlet end of the outlet end of said oxygenant control valve 27 and fuel agent control valve 3 all is communicated with the suction port of single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine power cavity; The entry end of oxygenant control valve 27 is connected with said oxygenant holding vessel 1 outlet end (bottom); The entry end of fuel agent control valve 3 is connected with said fuel agent holding vessel 2 outlet end (bottom), and the control end of the control end of oxygenant control valve 27 and fuel agent control valve 3 connects the corresponding output end of said ECU 28 respectively.
Wherein, the structure of single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine is identical with embodiment 1.
Among the embodiment 2, the outlet end of fuel agent control valve 3 is communicated with the suction port 5 of single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine power cavity through fuel agent injection catheter 4; The outlet end of oxygenant control valve 27 is communicated with the suction port 5 of single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine power cavity through oxidant injection conduit 26 '.
Store high-strength hydrogen peroxide in the oxygenant holding vessel 1, store liquid flammability fuel such as kerosene or ethanol and the catalyzer that can make the rapid catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in the fuel agent holding vessel 2.
When motor is in the expansion expansion stroke; Open simultaneously with fuel agent control valve 3 by ECU 28 control oxygenant control valves 27; The mixing of meeting in the engine power chamber of oxygenant and the fuel agent injection catheter through separately; In the fuel agent under the effect of the catalyzer that is dissolved with; The HTHP mixed gas that violent decomposition reaction produces oxygen and water vapour is formed will take place in oxygenant, and under the effect of the HTHP mixed gas that oxygenant produced, the fuel agent is lighted and discharged lot of energy driving free piston assembly and moves right.The action that (being in the expansion stroke) realizes in the process that free piston assembly moves right is following:
1. low tension loop flow one-way valve 19 is closed, and the cutoff low loop is connected with hydraulic pressure pump chamber 14;
2. high tension loop flow one-way valve 15 is opened, and hydraulic pressure pump chamber 14 is carried high-pressure and hydraulic oil to the load circuit that the side connects high pressure accumulator 16, drives 17 work of variable hydraulic motor/pump, thereby realizes the chemical energy of fuel, the conversion that hydraulic pressure can arrive mechanical energy;
3. the first answer flow one-way valve 13 is opened, and the hydraulic fluids that answer piston 22 will be replied in the chamber 9 are pressed into answer accumulator 12 through the first answer flow one-way valve 13, replys the needed hydraulic pressure ability of stroke thereby accumulate;
Embodiment 3: adopt the homogeneous phase firing mode and contain the double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine in stroke adjustment loop
With reference to Fig. 6, embodiment 3 has increased a stroke adjustment loop on the basis of embodiment's 2 double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engines, makes this motor to realize stroke adjustment with the work of range working method under the control of ECU 28.The trip regulating loop comprises range control valve 30 and unloading one-way valve 29; Control termination ECU 28 1 output terminals of range control valve 30; The entry end of range control valve 30 is connected with the hydraulic pressure pump chamber 14 of motor; The outlet end of range control valve 30 is unloaded and is carried one-way valve 29 entry ends, the outlet termination low pressure accumulator 18 of unloading one-way valve 29.
The expansion expansion stroke of embodiment's 3 double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engines, answer stroke and regenerative braking working method are all identical with embodiment 2.It can also work in the range working method in addition, promptly when motor is in expansion acting process, gives an order through ECU 28 and to open range control valve 30; Make hydraulic oil not get into the hydraulic pressure high tension loop; And directly flow back to low pressure accumulator 18 through range control valve 30 and unloading one-way valve 29, and variable hydraulic motor/pump is not turned round, be equivalent to the race of engine; Restart effective travel when closing range control valve 30 back piston assemblies, thereby can realize stroke adjustment.
Double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine of the present invention has following outstanding characteristics:
1. simple in structure, reliable operation.Compare with conventional spark ignition or compression ignition type internal combustion hydraulic free-piston engine; This double group component hydraulic free-piston engine relies on oxidizer catalytic decomposition to produce the agent of high-temperature gas mixture fire fuel and improves the needed oxygen of burning for it; So what need not fuel and surrounding environment mixes and compression process the ignition mechanism that need not to add or the compression stroke of precise design.2. fuel value is high, and single-machine capacity is big.This double elements motor fuel calorific value is not only much larger than the calorific value of SP, and the calorific value of more identical liquid carbon hydrogen fuel perfect combustion in air dielectric is also high, so single-machine capacity can reach 20kW.3. the motor start and stop are rapid.Compare with explosive motor, need not warm cylinder process, starting easily; Cut off solenoid valve, motor will shut down immediately; Open fuel control valve, motor can start immediately, and single stroke is controlled.The controllability of each stroke of motor is that the selection of whole engine control strategy provides greater flexibility.4. do not have starting, idle running and idling process, energy conversion efficiency is high.5. number of parts is few, compact structure.Free piston assembly is the basic exercise spare in this double elements free-piston engine, and it is both as the seal element between each working room, again as the working piston of oil hydraulic pump.6. the long working life of motor.Do not have side-friction force between piston of engine assembly and the casing wall, frictional loss reduces.7. the flow of the output hydraulic fluid of motor can be changed flexibly,, working methods such as frequency conversion can be realized for the relation of the matched well between double group component hydraulic free-piston engine and load provides possibility.8. because the decomposition reaction of double elements fuel need not oxygenant (like air etc.) participates in, can be on the plateau, reach in the environment of various anoxics such as space or anaerobic and work under water, using scope is wide.9. can reclaim braking kinetic energy or gravitational potential energy, realize regenerative braking.
Stroke adjustment loop in the foregoing description 3 also can be used for embodiment 1 double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine.High pressure accumulator 16, low pressure accumulator 18 among the embodiment 1,2 also can save.Above-mentioned oxygenant control valve 27, fuel agent control valve 3, recovery stroke control valve 11 and range control valve 30 can adopt solenoid valve.
Claims (6)
1. double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine; Comprise single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine; It is characterized in that: also comprise oxygenant holding vessel (1), fuel agent holding vessel (2), oxygenant control valve (27), fuel agent control valve (3) and ECU (28); The outlet end of said oxygenant control valve (27) is communicated with the suction port of said single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine power cavity through the oxidizer catalytic bed (26) that includes catalyzer; The outlet end of said fuel agent control valve (3) is communicated with the suction port of said single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine power cavity through fuel agent injection catheter (4); The entry end of oxygenant control valve (27) is connected with said oxygenant holding vessel (1) outlet end; The entry end of fuel agent control valve (3) is connected with said fuel agent holding vessel (2) outlet end, and the control end of the control end of oxygenant control valve (27) and fuel agent control valve (3) connects the corresponding output end of said ECU (28) respectively;
Said single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine comprises:
The engine main body part; It comprises by power cylinder body (6), replys cylinder body (8) and oil hydraulic pump cylinder body (20) is arranged in order the engine cylinder-body of forming; The power piston (25) that places power cylinder body (6) respectively, replys in cylinder body (8) and the oil hydraulic pump cylinder body (20) and be connected as a single entity through piston rod, reply piston (22) and oil hydraulic pump piston (21); Said power piston (25) is divided into power cavity and back of the body chamber with power cylinder body (6) inner chamber, and suction port (5) is established in the outer end of power cavity, and back of the body chamber sidewall is provided with relief opening (23); Said answer piston (22) and answer cylinder body (8) surround replys chamber (9), and said oil hydraulic pump piston (21) and oil hydraulic pump cylinder body (20) surround hydraulic pressure pump chamber (14);
Variable hydraulic motor/pump (17), two ports of this variable hydraulic motor/pump (17) are communicated with the hydraulic pressure pump chamber (14) of said engine main body part through hydraulic pressure high tension loop, hydraulic pressure low tension loop respectively; And,
Hydraulic pressure revertant system; It comprises recovery stroke control valve (11), hydraulic pressure is replied accumulator (12), first and replied the flow one-way valve (13) and the second answer flow one-way valve (10); The control end of recovery stroke control valve (11) is connected with ECU (28) one output terminals; The entry end that said hydraulic pressure answer accumulator (12) is replied flow one-way valve (10) through recovery stroke control valve (11) and second is connected; Hydraulic pressure is replied accumulator (12) and also is connected with the outlet end of the first answer flow one-way valve (13), and the outlet end that the entry end of the first answer flow one-way valve (13) and second is replied flow one-way valve (10) all is communicated with the answer chamber (9) of said engine main body part;
This double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine adopts the catalytic ignition mode; When motor is in the expansion expansion stroke; ECU is opened the oxygenant control valve earlier, fuel agent control valve is opened in the back; Oxygenant is decomposed into the high-temperature gas mixture of being made up of oxygen and water vapour through the oxidizer catalytic bed, meets fire fuel agent rapidly with the fuel agent that sprays into the engine power chamber;
Rise/stop and proper functioning through the said oxygenant control valve of ECU unlatching/cut-out, fuel agent control valve control motor; Through the frequency of okperation of ECU change oxygenant control valve and fuel agent control valve or recovery stroke control valve, change the frequency of okperation of this motor, thereby change the rotating speed of output flow and variable hydraulic motor.
2. double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the hydraulic pressure high tension loop of said single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine contains high tension loop flow one-way valve (15); The entry end of this high tension loop flow one-way valve (15) is communicated with the hydraulic pressure pump chamber (14) of said engine main body part, and the outlet end of high tension loop flow one-way valve (15) is communicated with the entry end of variable hydraulic motor/pump (17);
The hydraulic pressure low tension loop of said single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine contains low tension loop flow one-way valve (19); The entry end of this low tension loop flow one-way valve (19) is communicated with the outlet end of variable hydraulic motor/pump (17), and the outlet end of low tension loop flow one-way valve (19) is communicated with the hydraulic pressure pump chamber (14) of said engine main body part.
3. double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: said hydraulic pressure high tension loop also comprises a high pressure accumulator (16), and this high pressure accumulator (16) is other to be connected in the hydraulic pressure high tension loop between the flow one-way valve and variable hydraulic motor/pump (17); Said hydraulic pressure low tension loop also comprises a low pressure accumulator (18), and this low pressure accumulator (18) is other to be connected in the hydraulic pressure low tension loop between the flow one-way valve and variable hydraulic motor/pump (17).
4. double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: the hydraulic pressure pump chamber (14) of said engine main body part also is communicated with low pressure accumulator (18) in the said hydraulic pressure low tension loop through a stroke adjustment loop; The trip regulating loop comprises range control valve (30) and the unloading one-way valve (29) that is connected in series; Control termination ECU (28) one output terminals of range control valve (30) can make motor hydraulic oil when the expansion acting process not get into the hydraulic pressure high tension loop and directly flow back to low pressure accumulator from the trip regulating loop through control range control valve (30).
5. double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said oxidizer catalytic bed (26) is positioned at the outside of said single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine power cavity suction port, and its inner catalyzer is solid netted catalyst or solid particle catalyzer.
6. double-group element single-piston type hydraulic free piston engine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: store high-strength hydrogen peroxide in the said oxygenant holding vessel (1); Store flammability fuel in the said fuel agent holding vessel (2), the catalyzer in the said oxidizer catalytic bed (26) is the catalyzer that can make the rapid catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.
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| CN105478272B (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-09-29 | 武汉大学 | Non-pump type high-voltage pulse water-jet flow generating apparatus |
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| CN108662949B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2019-11-15 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of sighting device of liquid electricity combination drive |
| CA3128160A1 (en) | 2019-01-29 | 2020-08-06 | Bastion Technologies, Inc. | Hybrid hydraulic accumulator |
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| CN101377150A (en) | 2009-03-04 |
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