CN100419214C - Single piston monopropellant hydraulic free piston engine - Google Patents
Single piston monopropellant hydraulic free piston engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN100419214C CN100419214C CNB2006100646940A CN200610064694A CN100419214C CN 100419214 C CN100419214 C CN 100419214C CN B2006100646940 A CNB2006100646940 A CN B2006100646940A CN 200610064694 A CN200610064694 A CN 200610064694A CN 100419214 C CN100419214 C CN 100419214C
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Abstract
A single-piston single-unit hydraulic free-piston engine comprises a single-unit fuel pot, a fuel controlling electromagnetic valve, a catalyze bed, a single-piston hydraulic free-piston engine and an electric-control unit. The invention uses high-density hydrogen dioxide or the mixture of hydrogen dioxide and diesel as fuel, and decomposes the fuel via catalysis and decomposition into high-temperature high-pressure mixture gas to drive the single-piston single-unit hydraulic free-piston engine, to exchange the chemical energy of fuel with the hydraulic energy. The invention has high reliability, small volume, low weight and high energy density, or the like, while it can output power in large range by changing the size of engine or the work-frequency of engine. The invention can be used to supply hydraulic energy in non-oxygen condition or oxygen-lack condition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of single piston monopropellant hydraulic free piston engine, be particularly related to a kind of can be the autonomous running mechanism of middle-size and small-size energy of field work, certainly walk platform and anaerobic or anaerobic environment (as space, under water or plateau etc.) in the power plant of hydraulic energy supply, belong to the energy and power technology field.
Background technique
At present, energy supply problem is one of the autonomous running mechanism of restriction energy key issue of reaching operation in the particular surroundings such as space in the open air, under water.The autonomous running mechanism demand power of the middle-size and small-size energy level of most of field works is the power or the hydraulic energy feeding mechanism of 10W～1000W and function admirable.Generally speaking, the main energy supply arrangement in this power range has chemical cell, fuel cell or small-sized internal combustion engine generator group etc. at present.The part yet these energy supplying devices or equipment all come with some shortcomings: the energy density of chemical cell is low, makes it be difficult to suitable working long hours; Though fuel cell has high energy density than chemical cell, even do not consider the difficult problem of its hydrogen storage technology, the deficiency that specific power is low makes it be difficult to the competent application that needs the power fast lifting; For same output power, generally speaking big and heavy with above-mentioned chemical cell or the matching used electric actuator of fuel cell such as motor than hydraulic pressure or pneumatic mechanism, thus cause the reduction of system capacity density and specific power; For small-sized internal combustion engine generator group, though the energy density height of mineral fuel such as gasoline or diesel oil itself, all hydrocarbon fuel motors also need assistant subsystem such as complicated compression and igniting except itself movement parts such as crankshaft and piston; In addition, compact internal combustion engine must could obtain good specific power with very high speed running, like this in order to mate internal-combustion engine and actuator's kinematic relation, gear reducer usually is absolutely necessary, and this complexity that had both increased system also causes the reduction of whole system energy and specific power; And, because the hydrocarbon fuel internal-combustion engine makes their application in anaerobic or anaerobic environment (as the bottom or space) be subjected to very big restriction to the dependence of oxygen in the air.
Summary of the invention
Deficiency and shortcoming at above-mentioned conventional energy supplying device, the invention provides a kind of single piston monopropellant hydraulic free piston engine, this piston monopropellant hydraulic free motor has reliable operation, volume is little, in light weight, energy density is high, specific power is big, output flow and pressure can be according to outstanding advantages such as load regulation, be be suitable for energy autonomous robot and other mechanical devices in the open air, plateau, space and wait the energy supply device of operation in the environment under water, in the autonomous running mechanism of energy, be with a wide range of applications.
Single piston monopropellant hydraulic free piston engine of the present invention comprises monoreactant chemical jar, fuel control electromagnetic valve, catalytic bed, single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine and ECU (Electrical Control Unit), the suction port of the power cavity of single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine is communicated with the outlet end of catalytic bed, the entrance point of catalytic bed is connected with the outlet end of fuel control electromagnetic valve, the entrance point of this fuel control electromagnetic valve is connected with monoreactant chemical jar outlet end, and the control end of fuel control electromagnetic valve is connected with ECU (Electrical Control Unit) one output terminal.
Further, above-mentioned single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine comprises:
The engine main body part, comprise the engine cylinder-body of forming by power cylinder body, answer cylinder body and oil hydraulic pump cylinder body, by the free piston assembly that power piston, answer piston and oil hydraulic pump piston are formed, free piston assembly can be done linear to-and-fro motion in engine cylinder-body;
Variable hydraulic motor/pump, two ports of variable hydraulic motor/pump are communicated with the hydraulic pressure pump chamber of engine main body part by hydraulic pressure high tension loop, hydraulic pressure low tension loop respectively; With,
Hydraulic pressure revertant system comprises recovery stroke control electromagnetic valve, hydraulic pressure answer accumulator and oil return flow one-way valve; The entrance point of described recovery stroke control electromagnetic valve, outlet end are replied the chamber with the hydraulic pressure of replying accumulator, engine main body part respectively and are linked to each other, and another output terminal of its control end and ECU (Electrical Control Unit) is connected; The entrance point of described oil return flow one-way valve is replied the chamber with hydraulic pressure and is linked to each other, and its outlet end links to each other with the answer accumulator.
Motor of the present invention is that the High Temperature High Pressure mixed gas is as the power that drives engine operation by catalytic bed with the monoreactant chemical catalytic decomposition, so need not the mixing of fuel/air mixture and the compression process of working medium, need not igniting or fueling injection equipment, need not starting arrangement (as motor), simple in structure, reliable operation.Because need not oxygenant (as air etc.), the decomposition reaction of monoreactant chemical participates in, can be on the plateau, reach in the environment of various anoxics such as space or anaerobic and work under water, and using scope is wide.
It need not warm cylinder process, and starting easily; Can control immediately to stall/start by cut-out/unlatching fuel control electromagnetic valve, starting and stopping control easily, and the controllability of each stroke provides greater flexibility for the selection of whole engine control strategy.Since no starting, idle running and idling process, the energy conversion efficiency height.
This engine part number is few, and compact structure, its free piston assembly are the basic exercise spare in this list constituent element free-piston engine, and it is both as the seal element between each working room, again as the working piston of oil hydraulic pump.Do not have side-friction force between the piston assembly of motor and the casing wall, frictional loss reduces, and can effectively improve the long working life of motor.
In addition, it can also reclaim braking kinetic energy or gravitational potential energy, realizes regenerative braking.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the systematic schematic diagram of single piston piston monopropellant hydraulic free motor;
When Fig. 2 is in the expansion expansion stroke for fuel control valve unlatching motor, the mobility status schematic representation of piston monopropellant hydraulic free engine liquid hydraulic fluid;
Fig. 3 is that single piston piston monopropellant hydraulic free motor is replied in the stroke procedure mobility status schematic representation of engine interior hydraulic fluid;
Fig. 4 is in the regenerative braking process, the mobility status schematic representation of single piston piston monopropellant hydraulic free engine interior hydraulic fluid.
Embodiment
Single piston monopropellant hydraulic free piston engine of the present invention, it is a fuel with the mixture of high-strength hydrogen peroxide or high-strength hydrogen peroxide and diesel oil, by catalytic decomposition (rather than burning) above-mentioned monoreactant chemical is decomposed into the High Temperature High Pressure mixed gas with the power as the work of driving single-piston hydraulic free-piston engine, thereby realizes of the direct conversion of the chemical energy of monoreactant chemical to the hydraulic pressure energy.The present invention has reliable operation, volume is little, in light weight, energy density is high, specific power is big, movement parts is few, and main movement parts has only free piston assembly, and using scope is wide, is applicable to space, plateau or waits characteristics such as various anoxics or oxygen-free environment under water.Output power from milliwatt to thousands of watts can reach by the physical dimension of convergent-divergent engine body or the frequency of okperation of change motor, is a kind of power plant that are applicable to hydraulic energy supply in the autonomous running mechanism of energy and anaerobic or the anaerobic environment.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing concrete principle of the present invention, concrete structure and working procedure are further described.
Fig. 1 is the systematic schematic diagram of the whole single piston monopropellant hydraulic free piston engine of present embodiment.This motor mainly comprises few component parts such as monoreactant chemical holding vessel 1, fuel control electromagnetic valve 2, catalytic bed 3, single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine 4, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (ECU) 26 and connecting tube, the suction port 5 of the power cavity of single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine 4 is communicated with the outlet end of catalytic bed 3, the entrance point of catalytic bed 3 is connected with the outlet end of fuel control electromagnetic valve 2, the entrance point of this fuel control electromagnetic valve 2 is connected with monoreactant chemical jar 1 outlet end, and the control end of fuel control electromagnetic valve 1 is connected with ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 26 1 output terminals.
Described single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine 4 is made up of major components such as engine main body part, hydraulic pressure revertant system, hydraulic pressure high tension loop, hydraulic pressure low tension loop and variable hydraulic motor/pumps 17, and two ports of variable hydraulic motor/pump 17 are communicated with the hydraulic pressure pump chamber 20 of engine main body part by hydraulic pressure high tension loop, hydraulic pressure low tension loop respectively.Wherein, engine main body partly mainly contains engine cylinder-body and free piston assembly two-part are formed, described engine cylinder-body is made up of power cylinder body 25, answer cylinder body 23 and oil hydraulic pump cylinder body 21, described free piston assembly by power piston 7, reply piston 10, oil hydraulic pump piston 14 and the rigidly connected piston rod 8 of three formed, free piston assembly can be done linear to-and-fro motion in engine cylinder-body.Hydraulic pressure revertant system comprises recovery stroke control electromagnetic valve 11, hydraulic pressure is replied accumulator 12 and oil return flow one-way valve 13, the entrance point of recovery stroke control electromagnetic valve 11 links to each other with the bottom of replying accumulator 12, the hydraulic pressure of the outlet end of recovery stroke control electromagnetic valve 11 and engine main body part is replied chamber 22 and is linked to each other by oil pipe, the control end of solenoid valve 11 is connected with ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 26 another output terminals, the described oil return flow one-way valve 13 other recovery stroke control electromagnetic valve 11 that are connected to, its entrance point and hydraulic pressure are replied chamber 22 and are linked to each other by oil pipe, and its outlet end links to each other with the bottom of answer accumulator 12.The hydraulic pressure high tension loop comprises high tension loop flow one-way valve 15 and high pressure accumulator 16, the entrance point and the hydraulic pressure pump chamber 20 of high tension loop flow one-way valve 15 are connected by pipeline, its outlet end links to each other with the entrance point of high pressure accumulator 16 and first port of variable hydraulic motor/pump 17, and described high tension loop accumulator 16 sides are connected to the hydraulic pressure high tension loop.The hydraulic pressure low tension loop comprises low tension loop flow one-way valve 19 and low pressure accumulator 18; The entrance point of described low tension loop flow one-way valve 19 and second port of variable hydraulic motor/pump 17 and low pressure accumulator 18 connected, and its outlet end and hydraulic pressure pump chamber 20 link to each other by pipeline, are connected to the hydraulic pressure low tension loop by the described low tension loop accumulator 18.
The power cylinder body 25 of described engine cylinder-body, answer cylinder body 23 and oil hydraulic pump cylinder body 21 are arranged in order, power piston 7, answer piston 10 and oil hydraulic pump piston 14 place respectively in power cylinder body 25, answer cylinder body 23 and the oil hydraulic pump cylinder body 21 and by piston rod 8 and hold together, it is free piston assembly, this free piston assembly is the basic exercise spare in this list constituent element free-piston engine, it is both as working piston, again as the seal element between each working room.Described power piston 7 is divided into 9 two parts of power cavity 6 and back of the body chamber with power cylinder body 25, and the front end of power cavity 6 is established suction port 5, and back of the body chamber 9 sidewalls are provided with relief opening 24.
Motor of the present invention uses monoreactant chemical, and monoreactant chemical is loaded in the monoreactant chemical holding vessel 1.Monoreactant chemical can be a high-strength hydrogen peroxide, is higher than 67% hydrogen peroxide as weight ratio concentration; Also can be to mix monoreactant chemical, as the mass fraction that contains mineral fuel such as diesel oil be not more than 20%.
The working procedure of this single piston monopropellant hydraulic free piston engine comprises the expansion expansion stroke, replys stroke and regenerative braking process, states it respectively below in conjunction with Fig. 2-4:
(1) expansion expansion stroke
Under the control of ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 26, if fuel control electromagnetic valve 2 is opened, in the fuel pot 1 the fuel combination of the high-strength hydrogen peroxide of supercharging or high-strength hydrogen peroxide and diesel oil inflow is included the catalytic bed 3 of solid catalyst and produces violent chemical reaction, the High Temperature High Pressure mixed gas that is generated enters cylinder power cavity 6 by suction port 5, under the expansion of High Temperature High Pressure mixed gas, drive free piston assembly 8 and move right.In the process that free piston assembly 8 moves right, the action of realization is as follows:
1. low tension loop flow one-way valve 19 is closed, and the cutoff low loop is connected with hydraulic pressure pump chamber 20;
2. high tension loop flow one-way valve 15 is opened, and hydraulic pressure pump chamber 20 is carried high-pressure and hydraulic oil to the load circuit that the side connects high pressure accumulator 16, drives 17 work of variable hydraulic motor/pump, thereby realizes the chemical energy of fuel, the conversion that hydraulic pressure can arrive mechanical energy;
3. oil return flow one-way valve 13 is opened, and the hydraulic fluids that hydraulic pressure answer piston 10 will be replied in the chamber 22 are pressed into answer accumulator 12 by oil return flow one-way valve 13 with hydraulic fluid, reply the needed hydraulic pressure energy of stroke thereby accumulate;
In single piston piston monopropellant hydraulic free motor expansion stroke, the mobility status of fuel and hydraulic fluid as shown in Figure 2.
(2) reply stroke
Reply stroke and be meant that single piston monopropellant hydraulic free piston engine relies on the hydraulic pressure energy of being accumulated in the answer accumulator 12, is urged to free piston assembly 8 process of certain position in the power cavity.The action of mainly finishing in this process is as follows:
1. at first ECU gives an order and closes the fuel control electromagnetic valve;
2. ECU gives an order and opens recovery stroke control switch valve 11, and the hydraulic fluid of replying in the accumulator 12 enters the answer chamber 22 of motor by recovery stroke control electromagnetic valve 11, drives free piston assembly 8 to left movement;
3. at free piston assembly 8 in the process of left movement, low tension loop flow one-way valve 19 is opened, pump chamber 20 sucks hydraulic oil from low tension loop;
4. high tension loop flow one-way valve 15 is closed, and the connecting passage of high tension loop and pump chamber is cut off.
Figure 3 shows that in single piston monopropellant engine answer stroke the mobility status schematic representation of hydraulic fluid.
In replying stroke, when piston assembly moved to specified position, ECU gave an order and opens fuel control valve 2, so motor begins the expansion stroke that expands again.Expansion expansion stroke and reply stroke again and again repeatedly, motor will continuously to load circuit delivery hydraulic pressure oil, 17 continuous operations of driving hydraulic motor/pump.Single piston monopropellant hydraulic free piston engine is in above-mentioned working procedure, needs that can load behavior, both can change the rotating speed that drags load by the discharge capacity that changes variable hydraulic motor, also can change the frequency of okperation of fuel control electromagnetic valve 2 or recovery stroke control electromagnetic switch valve 11 by ECU, change the frequency of okperation of whole engine system, thereby change the rotating speed of output flow and variable hydraulic motor.
(3) regenerative braking working method
Single piston piston monopropellant hydraulic free engine application in the running mechanism or elevation and subsidence mechanical hand of frequent start-stop, when motor quits work and load when keeping original motion state owing to inertia, can be realized regenerative braking.At this moment, hydraulic motor/pump 17 is in the pump work mode, and the hydraulic fluid in the low pressure accumulator 18 will be pumped to high tension loop accumulator 16, thereby realizes the recovery of braking kinetic energy or gravitational potential energy.Fig. 4 is a load circuit hydraulic fluid flows situation schematic representation in the regenerative braking working method.
This single piston monopropellant hydraulic free piston engine has following outstanding characteristics:
1. simple in structure, reliable operation. Compare the piston monopropellant hydraulic free engine with the internal combustion hydraulic free-piston engine Fuel be the mixing monoreactant chemical that high-strength hydrogen peroxide or high-strength hydrogen peroxide and diesel oil etc. form, in catalytic bed Under the effect of catalyst, above-mentioned mixing monoreactant chemical will be that HTHP gaseous mixture and conduct drive the engine worker by catalytic decomposition The power of doing so need not the mixing of fuel/air mixture and the compression process of working medium, need not igniting or fueling injection equipment, need not starting device (such as motor). 2. starting and stopping control easily. Compare with explosive motor, need not warm cylinder process, starting easily; Cut off magnetic valve, Engine will shut down immediately; Open fuel control valve, engine can start immediately, and single stroke is controlled. Engine is every The controllability of individual stroke provides greater flexibility for the selection of whole engine control strategy. 3. there are not starting, idle running and idling Process, the energy conversion efficiency height. 4. number of parts is few, compact conformation. Free piston assembly starts for this list constituent element free-piston Basic exercise spare in the machine, it is both as the potted component between each operating room, again as the working piston of hydraulic pump. 5. start The long working life of machine. Do not have side-friction force between the piston component of engine and the casing wall, friction loss reduces. 6. can be flexible Change the flow of the output hydraulic pressure fluid of engine, be the relation of the matched well between piston monopropellant hydraulic free engine and load Possibility is provided, can realizes the working methods such as frequency conversion. 7. because the decomposition reaction of monoreactant chemical need not oxidant (such as air etc.) Participate in, can be on the plateau, reach in the environment of the various anoxics such as space or anaerobic and work under water, the scope of application is wide. 8. can reclaim Braking kinetic energy or gravitional force are realized regenerative braking.
Claims (5)
1. single piston monopropellant hydraulic free piston engine, it is characterized in that: comprise monoreactant chemical jar (1), fuel control electromagnetic valve (2), catalytic bed (3), single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine (4) and ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (26), the suction port (5) of the power cavity of single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine (4) is communicated with the outlet end of catalytic bed (3), the entrance point of catalytic bed (3) is connected with the outlet end of fuel control electromagnetic valve (2), the entrance point of this fuel control electromagnetic valve (2) is connected with monoreactant chemical jar (1) outlet end, and the control end of fuel control electromagnetic valve (2) is connected with ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (26) one output terminals.
2. single piston monopropellant hydraulic free piston engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described single piston hydraulic pressure free-piston engine (4) comprising:
The engine main body part, comprise the engine cylinder-body of forming by power cylinder body (25), answer cylinder body (23) and oil hydraulic pump cylinder body (21), by the free piston assembly that power piston (7), answer piston (10) and oil hydraulic pump piston (14) are formed, free piston assembly can be done linear to-and-fro motion in engine cylinder-body;
Variable hydraulic motor/pump (17), two ports of variable hydraulic motor/pump (17) are communicated with the hydraulic pressure pump chamber (20) of engine main body part by hydraulic pressure high tension loop, hydraulic pressure low tension loop respectively; With,
Hydraulic pressure revertant system comprises recovery stroke control electromagnetic valve (11), hydraulic pressure answer accumulator (12) and oil return flow one-way valve (13); The entrance point of described recovery stroke control electromagnetic valve (11), outlet end are replied chamber (22) with the hydraulic pressure of replying accumulator (12), engine main body part respectively and are linked to each other, and its control end is connected with another output terminal of ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (26); The entrance point of described oil return flow one-way valve (13) is replied chamber (22) with hydraulic pressure and is linked to each other, and its outlet end links to each other with answer accumulator (12).
3. single piston monopropellant hydraulic free piston engine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described hydraulic pressure high tension loop comprises high tension loop flow one-way valve (15) and high pressure accumulator (16); The entrance point of described high tension loop flow one-way valve (15) and hydraulic pressure pump chamber (20) are connected by pipeline, and its outlet end links to each other with high pressure accumulator (16) with variable hydraulic motor/pump (17) first ports;
Described hydraulic pressure low tension loop comprises low tension loop flow one-way valve (19) and low pressure accumulator (18); Second port of the entrance point of described low tension loop flow one-way valve (19) and variable hydraulic motor/pump (17) and low pressure accumulator (18) are connected, and its outlet end links to each other by pipeline with hydraulic pressure pump chamber (20).
4. single piston monopropellant hydraulic free piston engine according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the power cylinder body (25) of described engine cylinder-body, replying cylinder body (23) and oil hydraulic pump cylinder body (21) is arranged in order, the power piston of free piston assembly (7), replying piston (10) and oil hydraulic pump piston (14) is connected as one by piston rod, power piston (7), reply piston (10) and oil hydraulic pump piston (14) and place power cylinder body (25) respectively, reply in cylinder body (23) and the oil hydraulic pump cylinder body (21), described power piston (7) is divided into (9) two parts of power cavity (6) and back of the body chamber with power cylinder body (25), the front end of power cavity (6) is established suction port (5), and back of the body chamber sidewall is provided with relief opening (24).
5. single piston monopropellant hydraulic free piston engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described catalytic bed (3) is positioned at engine power chamber suction port (5) one sides, and there are solid netted catalyst or solid particle catalyzer in its inside.
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| CNB2006100646940A CN100419214C (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2006-12-29 | Single piston monopropellant hydraulic free piston engine |
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| CNB2006100646940A CN100419214C (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2006-12-29 | Single piston monopropellant hydraulic free piston engine |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2016077836A1 (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2016-05-19 | Bastion Technologies, Inc. | Monopropellant driven hydraulic pressure supply |
| US10066643B2 (en) | 2014-11-13 | 2018-09-04 | Bastion Technologies, Inc. | Multiple gas generator driven pressure supply |
| US10655653B2 (en) | 2017-08-14 | 2020-05-19 | Bastion Technologies, Inc. | Reusable gas generator driven pressure supply system |
| US11506226B2 (en) | 2019-01-29 | 2022-11-22 | Bastion Technologies, Inc | Hybrid hydraulic accumulator |
| WO2023075737A1 (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2023-05-04 | Сергей Петрович ГОРШКОВ | Free-piston engine/hydraulic pump operating method and free-piston engine/hydraulic pump (embodiments) |
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| CN101008318A (en) | 2007-08-01 |
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