CN101376063B - 关节 - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN101376063B
CN101376063B CN200710201564.1A CN200710201564A CN101376063B CN 101376063 B CN101376063 B CN 101376063B CN 200710201564 A CN200710201564 A CN 200710201564A CN 101376063 B CN101376063 B CN 101376063B
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Prior art keywords
joint
axis
rotating shaft
hole
lid
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CN101376063A (zh
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程刚
李建军
詹德盛
陈有道
颜羣哲
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Hongfujin Precision Industry Shenzhen Co Ltd
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
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Hongfujin Precision Industry Shenzhen Co Ltd
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
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Priority to CN200710201564.1A priority Critical patent/CN101376063B/zh
Priority to US11/968,655 priority patent/US8047738B2/en
Publication of CN101376063A publication Critical patent/CN101376063A/zh
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Publication of CN101376063B publication Critical patent/CN101376063B/zh
Priority to US13/241,176 priority patent/US8333527B2/en
Priority to US13/241,178 priority patent/US8419310B2/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C11/00Pivots; Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/04Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/06Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
    • F16C11/0619Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints the female part comprising a blind socket receiving the male part
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C7/00Connecting-rods or like links pivoted at both ends; Construction of connecting-rod heads
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/32Articulated members
    • Y10T403/32008Plural distinct articulation axes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/32Articulated members
    • Y10T403/32254Lockable at fixed position
    • Y10T403/32262At selected angle
    • Y10T403/32319At selected angle including pivot stud
    • Y10T403/32327At selected angle including pivot stud including radially spaced detent or latch component
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/32Articulated members
    • Y10T403/32254Lockable at fixed position
    • Y10T403/32262At selected angle
    • Y10T403/32319At selected angle including pivot stud
    • Y10T403/32327At selected angle including pivot stud including radially spaced detent or latch component
    • Y10T403/32344Side of rod engages recess in radial face
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/32Articulated members
    • Y10T403/32254Lockable at fixed position
    • Y10T403/32262At selected angle
    • Y10T403/32319At selected angle including pivot stud
    • Y10T403/32327At selected angle including pivot stud including radially spaced detent or latch component
    • Y10T403/32361Engaging recess in radial face
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/32Articulated members
    • Y10T403/32254Lockable at fixed position
    • Y10T403/32262At selected angle
    • Y10T403/32319At selected angle including pivot stud
    • Y10T403/32368At selected angle including pivot stud including radial interengaging tongue and slot or serrations
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/32Articulated members
    • Y10T403/32606Pivoted
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/70Interfitted members
    • Y10T403/7047Radially interposed shim or bushing
    • Y10T403/7051Wedging or camming
    • Y10T403/7052Engaged by axial movement
    • Y10T403/7058Split or slotted bushing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

一种关节,包括一主体、一转轴及一啮合件,该转轴通过该啮合件相对于该主体转动,该转轴开设有一轴孔,该啮合件穿设于该轴孔并与主体固接,该轴孔内表面与该啮合件外表面的其中一表面形成多个连续设置的啮合齿,另一表面形成至少一个啮合键,该至少一个啮合键可沿径向被压下和弹出。上述关节具有良好的定位效果及稳定性。

Description

关节
技术领域
本发明涉及一种关节,尤其涉及一种用于玩具的关节。
背景技术
现有的玩具,如机器人、动物玩偶等的可活动关节多由转轴、销等元件连接,从而实现关节的旋转功能,达到活动连接的目的。如一种活动关节通过转轴连接主体与活动臂,转轴一端为一圆形轴部,其卡设于主体内侧的轴座内并可于转轴座内旋转,转轴另一端通过一垂直于转轴的销与活动臂连接。
虽然这类活动关节可以实现灵活的转动功能,但在使用过程中,转轴和销易磨损,导致这类活动关节的定位效果及稳定性较差,玩具造型不易保持。
发明内容
鉴于上述状况,有必要提供一种定位效果好、稳定性强的关节。
一种关节,包括一主体、一转轴及一啮合件,转轴通过啮合件相对主体转动,该转轴开设有一轴孔,该啮合件穿设于该轴孔并与主体固接,该轴孔内表面与该啮合件外表面的其中一表面形成多个连续设置的啮合齿,另一表面形成至少一个啮合键,该至少一个啮合键可沿径向被压下和弹出。
本发明所提供的关节的转轴可绕啮合件旋转从而相对于主体转动,且通过啮合齿与啮合键之间的啮合,使本发明所提供的关节具有良好的定位效果及稳定性,同时转轴每旋转过一个啮合齿,即相应转动一个固定的角度,从而使本发明的关节还具有多角度精确定位的有益效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明较佳实施例一的关节的组装图。
图2是图1所示关节的立体分解图。
图3是图1所示关节的主体的立体图。
图4是图1所示关节的转轴的立体图。
图5是图1所示关节沿V-V线的剖视图。
图6是图5所示关节的局部VI的放大图。
图7是本发明较佳实施例二的啮合件的立体图。
图8是本发明较佳实施例三的啮合件的立体图。
图9是本发明较佳实施例三的转轴的立体图。
图10是本发明较佳实施例三的啮合件与转轴之间的配合示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明的关节作进一步的详细说明。
请参见图1,较佳实施例一的关节包括主体10、转轴20、啮合件3及轴盖40,转轴20可相对主体10转动,同时轴盖40可相对转轴20作任意转摆。
请同时参见图2至图4,主体10开设有一个贯穿主体10的装配孔101和一个凹槽102,该凹槽102与该装配孔101相互贯通,且该装配孔101两端的内表面上均设有一凸缘121、122,且凸缘122上进一步开设多个固定槽123。
转轴20近似为一杆体,其一端为轴承部21,轴承部21中心开设有一轴孔210,该轴孔210一端内表面沿圆周方向形成多个连续的啮合齿211,另一端环设有一凸缘212,该凸缘212上设置有多个卡槽213,该转轴20另一端为与轴盖40相连接的球状连接部22。
可以理解,该轴孔210内表面的啮合齿211可以为截面为V形的长条状凸起或截面为半圆形的长条状凸起。
啮合件3包括第一卡轴31与第二卡轴32,该第一卡轴31包括一本体311及一轴部312,该本体311与装配孔101位于凸缘121外侧部分尺寸相当以使其装配后外端面与主体10的外表面基本保持平齐,该轴部312具有一凸出该轴部312的倒刺型轴端313,且该轴部312沿轴向形成四个容纳槽314;第二卡轴32包括一本体321及四个相应容置于容纳槽314内的卡条322,同样,该本体321与装配孔101位于凸缘122外侧部分尺寸相当以使其装配后外端面与主体10的外表面基本保持平齐,该卡条322上设置有沿径向向外延伸的啮合键323。该第一卡轴31的轴部312和第二卡轴32的卡条322均具有一定的弹性形变能力,可沿径向向内收缩。
可以理解,该啮合键323可以为截面为V形的长条状凸起、截面为半圆形的长条状凸起、半球状凸起等。
可以理解,该容纳槽314与卡条322的个数不限于四个,可为至少一个。本发明的容纳槽314与卡条322的个数优选两个以上,且容纳槽314均匀分布于第一卡轴31的轴部312,卡条322均匀设置于第二卡轴32。
轴盖40由第一盖体401与第二盖体402卡合而成,该第一盖体401内表面设有多个圆孔411,该第二盖体402内表面设有多个与圆孔411孔径相当的卡柱412,该卡柱412可推压入圆孔411内,从而将第一盖体401与第二盖体402卡合为一体。该轴盖40开设有一限位孔413,该限位孔413位于第一盖体401与第二盖体402的接合面上。该第一盖体401与第二盖体402一端的内表面上均设置有多个凸片415。
可以理解,该卡柱412的半径可与圆孔411的孔径相当或略大于圆孔411的孔径,其可通过过盈配合相互卡合,卡柱412顶端一般设置导角以便于装配。
本发明较佳实施例一的关节还进一步包括两个抱紧套50,该两个抱紧套50的一表面为凹面,且该两个抱紧套50的凹面相向设置,用以和转轴20的球状连接部22紧密贴合;该两个抱紧套50的另一表面上开设有多个沟槽511,该沟槽511与轴盖40的第一盖体401和第二盖体402内表面上的多个凸片415可相互嵌设,从而使该两个抱紧套50分别固设于第一盖体401和第二盖体402内。
可以理解,该两个抱紧套50也可通过铆接、胶粘等方式分别固设于第一盖体401、第二盖体402内,或分别与第一盖体401、第二盖体402一体成型。
装配时,首先将转轴20的轴承部21内置于主体10的凹槽102内,转轴20的轴孔210与主体10的装配孔101共轴设置。
其次将啮合件3的第一卡轴31自设有凸缘121的一端穿入装配孔101及轴孔210,倒刺型轴端313在轴孔210内表面的凸缘212挤压下径向收缩而通过凸缘212,其通过凸缘212后即在自身弹力作用下复位而卡设于该凸缘212外侧,从而阻止第一卡轴31自主体10脱出。调整该第一卡轴31和转轴20,使第一卡轴31的容纳槽314与轴孔210内表面的凸缘212上的卡槽213和装配孔101内表面的凸缘122上的固定槽123三者之间对准,然后将第二卡轴32自装配孔101设有凸缘122的另一端穿入装配孔101及轴孔210,卡条322依次穿过凸缘122上的固定槽123和凸缘212上的卡槽213,并穿插入第一卡轴31的容纳槽314内,卡条322上的啮合键323从容纳槽314内凸伸出来,从而与轴孔210内表面的啮合齿211相互啮合。在转轴20稍作转动后,凸缘212上的卡槽213和卡条322上的啮合键323即相互错开从而阻止第二卡轴32自主体10脱出。
再次将两个抱紧套50分别固设于第一盖体401与第二盖体402内,两个抱紧套50上的沟槽511与第一盖体401和第二盖体402内表面上的多个凸片415相互嵌设。
最后将固设于第一盖体401与第二盖体402内的两个抱紧套50相向设置的凹面与转轴20的球状连接部22相贴合,同时将第一盖体401与第二盖体402卡合为一体形成轴盖40。
请同时参见图5和图6,工作时,转轴20绕啮合件3旋转从而相对于主体10转动,由于啮合件3的第二卡轴32的四个卡条322具有一定的弹性形变能力,故卡条322上的啮合键323可被压下或弹出。当对转轴20施力时,轴孔210内表面的啮合齿211将啮合键323推入容纳槽314内,从而使转轴20转动;停止施力时,啮合键323卡于轴孔210内表面连续设置的啮合齿211齿间,从而使转轴20定位。因啮合键323可与任何一个啮合齿211啮合,从而使转轴20相对于主体10可停留于多个角度,即本发明的关节还具有多角度精确定位的有益效果。
同时,轴盖40通过转轴20的球状连接部22可相对于转轴20作任意转摆,且通过轴盖40内的两个抱紧套50相向设置的凹面与转轴20的球状连接部22之间紧密贴合所产生的摩擦力,使轴盖40相对于转轴20稳定定位。需要指出的是,通过轴盖40开设的限位孔413还可调整轴盖40相对于转轴20作任意转摆的幅度,当限位孔413孔径较小时,轴盖40相对于转轴20作任意转摆的幅度较小,当限位孔413孔径较大时,轴盖40相对于转轴20作任意转摆的幅度较大。
可以理解,根据不同的设计要求,还可将转轴20通过焊接、铆接、胶粘等方式与玩具部件固接或与玩具部件一体成型。此时,转轴20的球状连接部22、轴盖40及两个抱紧套50均可省略。
请参见图7,所示为本发明较佳实施例二的关节所采用的啮合件4,本发明较佳实施例二的关节所采用的其它组件均与较佳实施例一相同,啮合件4包括枢轴42与锁固元件41,该枢轴42包括本体421与轴部422,轴部422与本体421结合处为一凸块423,该枢轴42中心沿轴向开设一圆孔424,圆孔424孔端设置有螺纹,该轴部422上还开设有至少一U型槽425,该U型槽425与圆孔424连通,从而使轴部422上形成至少一弹片426,该弹片426上设置有一啮合键427;该锁固元件41包括本体411与螺纹部412,该螺纹部412与圆孔424孔端的螺纹相配合。该枢轴42与锁固元件41分别从较佳实施例二的主体的装配孔两端装入并相互锁合,凸块423使枢轴42相对于该较佳实施例二的主体固定,枢轴42的轴部422穿设较佳实施例二的转轴的轴孔,该轴部422上的至少一啮合键427与该较佳实施例二的轴孔内表面多个连续设置的啮合齿相互啮合。
由于弹片426具有一定的弹性形变能力,故弹片426上的啮合键427可被压下或弹起。当对较佳实施例二的转轴施力时,轴孔内表面的啮合齿将啮合键427推入圆孔424内,从而使转轴转动;当停止施力时,啮合键427卡于轴孔内表面连续设置的啮合齿齿间,从而使转轴定位。
请参见图8,所示为本发明较佳实施例三的关节所采用的啮合件5,啮合件5包括枢轴52与锁固元件51,该枢轴52包括本体521与轴部522,轴部522与本体521结合处为一凸块523,该枢轴52中心沿轴向开设一圆孔524,圆孔524孔端设置有螺纹,该轴部522设置有多个连续分布的啮合齿525;该锁固元件51包括本体511与螺纹部512,该螺纹部512与圆孔524孔端的螺纹相配合。该枢轴52与锁固元件51分别从较佳实施例三的主体的装配孔两端装入并相互锁合,凸块523使枢轴52相对于该较佳实施例三的主体固定。
请参见图9,所示为本发明较佳实施例三的关节所采用的转轴60,转轴60近似为一杆体,其一端为轴承部61,轴承部61中心开设有一轴孔610,该轴孔610的内表面设置有至少一个啮合键611。
请参见图10,该啮合键611为一钢珠,其容置于轴孔610内表面开设的盲孔612内,盲孔612内还设置有一压簧613,该压簧613一端与啮合键611固接,另一端与盲孔612底部固接。
通过压簧613的弹性作用,可使啮合键611可被压入盲孔612内或弹出。当对较佳实施例三的转轴60施力时,枢轴52的轴部522上多个连续分布的啮合齿525将啮合键611压入盲孔612内,从而使转轴60转动;当停止施力时,啮合键611卡于枢轴52的轴部522上多个连续分布的啮合齿525齿间,从而使转轴60定位。
综上所述,较佳实施例一的啮合件3的第二卡轴32上沿径向向外延伸形成至少一个啮合键323,较佳实施例一的转轴20的轴孔210内表面相应形成多个连续分布的啮合齿211;较佳实施例二的啮合件4的枢轴42上设置至少一啮合键427,较佳实施例二的转轴的轴孔内表面相应设置多个连续分布的啮合齿;较佳实施例三的啮合件5的枢轴52上设置多个连续分布的啮合齿525,较佳实施例三的转轴60的轴孔610内表面相应设置至少一啮合键611。
可以概括为,本发明的转轴的轴孔内表面与啮合件外表面的其中一表面设置多个连续分布的啮合齿,另一表面设置至少一个啮合键。
可以理解,本发明所提供的关节还可以应用于玩具以外的其它领域,用以连接固定组件与活动组件。

Claims (11)

1.一种关节,包括一主体、一转轴及一啮合件,该转轴通过该啮合件相对于该主体转动,该转轴开设有一轴孔,该啮合件穿设于该轴孔并与主体固接,其特征在于:该轴孔内表面与该啮合件外表面的其中一表面形成多个连续设置的啮合齿,另一表面形成至少一个啮合键,所述至少一个啮合键可沿径向被压下和弹出。
2.如权利要求1所述的关节,其特征在于:所述主体开设有一个装配孔和一个凹槽,该凹槽与该装配孔相互贯通。
3.如权利要求2所述的关节,其特征在于:所述转轴一端为开设有轴孔的轴承部,该轴承部位于上述主体的凹槽内,且该轴孔与上述主体的装配孔共轴设置。
4.如权利要求2所述的关节,其特征在于:所述啮合件包括第一卡轴与第二卡轴,该第一卡轴和第二卡轴分别装设于上述主体的装配孔的两端,且该第一卡轴和第二卡轴相互穿插,其相互穿插的部分位于上述转轴的轴孔内。
5.如权利要求4所述的关节,其特征在于:该第一卡轴包括一本体及一轴部,该轴部沿轴向形成至少一容纳槽;第二卡轴包括一本体及至少一个相应容置于该容纳槽内的卡条,所述啮合键自该卡条上沿径向向外延伸。
6.如权利要求2所述的关节,其特征在于:所述啮合件包括枢轴与锁固元件,该枢轴与锁固元件分别装设于上述主体的装配孔的两端,该枢轴同时穿设上述转轴的轴孔,且与锁固元件相互锁合。
7.如权利要求6所述的关节,其特征在于:该枢轴包括一本体与一轴部,所述至少一啮合键或多个连续分布的啮合齿设置于该轴部外表面。
8.如权利要求1所述的关节,其特征在于:该轴孔内表面开设有一盲孔,盲孔底部固设有一压簧,压簧另一端连接有一球状啮合键。
9.如权利要求1所述的关节,其特征在于:所述转轴进一步包括一球状连接部。
10.如权利要求1所述的关节,其特征在于:该关节进一步包括一轴盖,该轴盖由第一盖体与第二盖体卡合而成。
11.如权利要求10所述的关节,其特征在于:该关节进一步包括两个抱紧套,该每一抱紧套包括一凹面,该两个抱紧套分别固设于上述轴盖的第一盖体和第二盖体内,且该两个抱紧套的凹面相向设置。
CN200710201564.1A 2007-08-31 2007-08-31 关节 Expired - Fee Related CN101376063B (zh)

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US13/241,176 US8333527B2 (en) 2007-08-31 2011-09-22 Mechanical double joint system
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US20090060638A1 (en) 2009-03-05
CN101376063A (zh) 2009-03-04
US8333527B2 (en) 2012-12-18
US8047738B2 (en) 2011-11-01
US8419310B2 (en) 2013-04-16
US20120014743A1 (en) 2012-01-19

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