CN101368472A - Method for accurately positioning and orienting drill hole of top arch - Google Patents
Method for accurately positioning and orienting drill hole of top arch Download PDFInfo
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- CN101368472A CN101368472A CNA2008102334177A CN200810233417A CN101368472A CN 101368472 A CN101368472 A CN 101368472A CN A2008102334177 A CNA2008102334177 A CN A2008102334177A CN 200810233417 A CN200810233417 A CN 200810233417A CN 101368472 A CN101368472 A CN 101368472A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a top arc perforation accurate positioning and guiding method, including the following steps: before digging and blasting an underground chamber, fixing on the blasthole positions and spaces between the blastholes in advance, fixing on the perforation sites, accurately lofting and marking the perforation sites through a metering apparatus; and gradually putting out guide points within the range of 1.5-2m on the dug surfaces of the perforation sites behind the direction of a parallel line of the axis of the chamber, and at the same time arranging reference guide pipes for controlling obliquity and direction in an adjacent bored hole. During the perforation process, a borer can precisely control the boring direction and boring obliquity by taking the guide points, the blast semi-hole of the previous cannon and the guide pipes as the guide reference. The application of the method can ensure the over excavation to be controlled within 10cm. The method reduces influence from man-made factors and improves digging quality. Therefore the method has good market application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the water power construction engineering technical field, be specifically related to a kind of when underground cavern excavation, the method that crown boring is accurately located and led.
Background technology
As everyone knows, in the underground chamber construction, boring is the most critical link of excavation forming quality control.And the quality of drilling quality mainly is subjected to bore position, boring direction, the influence of three factors of dip angle of hole.Though conventional construction method also adopted when the excavation contoured surface and measured unwrapping wire keyhole point in the past, but because the advance planning design is less, and boring direction and dip angle of hole control are controlled by rule of thumb by driller basically, standardization, sequencing control device are comparatively limited, make and excavate the quality instability, it is very difficult to top bar.Particularly the circular arc crown of underground chamber excavation more becomes the difficult point of construction.Because conventional construction method a series of problems such as inevitably existence is backbreak, shaped profile is poor, safety problem is outstanding, cause the also countermeasure aspect the control of numerous and confused searching boring precision of many units, and with the main means of high-caliber brill hand as quality control.How to reduce artificial factor, improve the construction quality of underground chamber circular arc crown excavation, just become problem demanding prompt solution in the prior art.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method that boring is accurately located and led to crown is provided, reduce the influence of human factor as far as possible, improve the construction quality of crown excavation drilling quality.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.
A kind of method that boring is accurately located and led to crown, it is characterized in that: the shot hole position and the pitch of holes that before the underground cavern excavation explosion, design crown in advance, determine tapping point, adopt these tapping points of the accurate setting-out of measuring apparatus, make sign, and excavated along the back of hole axis parallel lines direction at these tapping points that 1.5～2m place emits guiding point one by one on the forming surface, simultaneously adjacent place in holing control inclination angle and direction with reference to guide pipe.
Concrete operations may further comprise the steps:
1, determine shot hole position and pitch of holes: bore diameter is 40～50mm, and pitch of holes is 8～12 times of aperture;
Cavern's crown spacing of wells is preferably 40～50cm.
2, measure unwrapping wire control: the setting-out of excavation outline line does not have the prismatic reflection technology with infrared rays, and instrument is the TCR1200 total powerstation, and angle measurement accuracy is 2 ", range accuracy is 2+2ppm, survey crew, identifies with red paint by after the setting-out of hole by the perimeter hole spacing that designs;
3, guiding point guiding: in the setting-out of excavation contoured surface, corresponding each tapping point, at it along marking guiding point on the moulding of the excavation crown at the back 1.5m～2.0m place of hole axis parallel lines direction; In the excavation with the excavation direction of propulsion be the place ahead to, otherwise be the rear; Or with before being, otherwise be the rear in the face of the direction of excavating contoured surface;
4, boring and guiding control: tapping point boring is strict carries out the perforate operation on the survey mark position that is identified, adopt the pore-creating of hand air drill, spud in and undertaken by two drillers' cooperations in each hole, use long pricker perforate so that reference in the boring procedure, behind end of preorder hole drill hole and the scrutiny, employing is slightly less than the straight long steel pipe or the PVC straight tube of bore diameter and puts into this hole and expose 1.5m～2.5m, the guide pipe during as adjacent postorder hole drill hole;
5, driller in boring procedure with guiding point, preceding artillery salvo explosion half hole and guide pipe as the guiding reference, can accurate keyhole direction and dip angle of hole.
The present invention has following advantage with respect to prior art: utilize several different methods such as tapping point, guiding point, guide pipe, explosion half hole to reach the purpose of keyhole precision in underground chamber circular arc crown excavation.Can guarantee to be controlled in the 10cm, both reduce artificial factor, improve the excavation quality again backbreaking.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for using the schematic diagram of the present invention to accurate location of crown boring and guiding.
Among the figure: 1 tunnel does not excavate part, 2 excavation contoured surfaces (ABCD face), 3 tapping points (perimeter hole), 4 guiding points, 5 guide pipes (steel pipe or pvc pipe), 6 explosions, half hole, 7 and has excavated moulding section, 8 tunnel axis.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but they are not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment
With underground power station, Three Gorges main building excavation is example: top layer excavation span is 32.6m, and crown is made up of two little circular arcs of arch springing and one section orthodrome respectively, and the excavation quality of crown peripheral profile line directly has influence on the stability of large span factory building.The conventional borehole construction is to adopt the measurement unwrapping wire to make tapping point when the excavation contoured surface, but because the advance planning design is coarse, and boring direction and dip angle of hole control do not have relevant reference point, and by the experience control of driller with self, the human factor influence is bigger basically.Standardization, sequencing control device are comparatively limited, make to can not get excavation quality instability guaranteeing.Occur situations such as " Eight characters hole ", " cross bore ", " height hole " through regular meeting, make excavation contoured surface irregularity after the explosion, out break is comparatively general, has just increased the support engineering amount so virtually.
At the drawback and the problem that exist in the tradition construction, after conscientious careful analysis, the technician has found the key point of problem, well boring is not controlled exactly, and the technician has taked following measure and method for this reason.
As shown in the figure, design the tapping point 3 (shot hole position) and the pitch of holes of crown in advance.Before underground power station main building peripheral profile excavation, the measure of having taked middle pilot drive to go ahead of the rest, can suitably discharge rock mass stress on the one hand, two aspects can be verified the geological conditions of main building in advance, the third aspect also is to test to determine pitch of holes for the periphery excavation of main building, the conclusion of the excavation explosion circulation by centering pilot tunnel tens times is summed up, and the spacing of determining main building lithology periphery tapping point 3 is between 40cm～50cm.Adopt the molding effect of the excavation contoured surface 2 after this spacing explosion very desirable.Site technology person carries out blasting Design, through after the audit of engineering department, pursue the hole setting-out by survey crew according to plan, the crown peak must be determined earlier, puts one by one a little by spacing toward both sides then, takes red paint to carry out mark, measuring setting-out adopts infrared rays not have the prismatic reflection technology, instrument is the TCR1200 total powerstation, and angle measurement accuracy is 2 ", range accuracy is 2+2ppm.And at the back 1.5m～2.0m place of tapping point 3, excavated on the crown of moulding section 7 and marked guiding point 4 along tunnel axis 8 parallel directions, simultaneously adjacent place in holing control inclination angle and direction with reference to guide pipe 5.Boring is strict carries out the perforate operation on the survey mark position that is identified, adopt the pore-creating of hand air drill, each hole perforate cooperates by two drillers to be carried out, use long pricker perforate so that reference in the boring procedure, behind end of preorder hole drill hole and the scrutiny, employing is slightly less than the straight long steel pipe or the PVC straight tube of bore diameter and puts into this hole and expose 1.5m～2.5m, guide pipe during as adjacent postorder hole drill hole.Driller in boring procedure with guiding point 3, preceding artillery salvo explosion half hole 6 and guide pipe 5 as guiding, keyhole direction and dip angle of hole simultaneously in boring procedure, adopt keyhole angles such as compass, spirit level, have guaranteed construction quality.
By taking the enforcement of above several location measures, finally by the survey data analysis, main building crown excavation contoured surface is on average backbreak and is 8.5cm, requires (backbreaking less than 20cm) well below standard control, the excavation planeness is less than 9cm, and explosion half porosity has reached more than 95%.From molded appearance, flat, straight, neat evenly distribution that all shot holes are, artillery salvo banquette is little, the planeness height.By the construction period monitoring, limit crown partial points maximum distortion is controlled in the 25mm simultaneously.Its deformed finger is indicated to show and is better than the distortion index of other underground construction of domestic equal scale in this stage.The in-place blasting out circle of country rock is between 40cm～80cm, and explosion is less to the damage of country rock, the country rock monolithic stability.
Claims (3)
1. one kind to the accurate method of location and guiding of crown boring, it is characterized in that: the shot hole position and the pitch of holes that before the underground cavern excavation explosion, design crown in advance, determine tapping point, adopt these tapping points of the accurate setting-out of measuring apparatus, make sign, and excavated along the back of hole axis parallel lines direction at these tapping points that 1.5～2m place emits guiding point one by one on the forming surface, simultaneously adjacent place in holing control inclination angle and direction with reference to guide pipe.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) determine shot hole position and pitch of holes: bore diameter is 40～50mm, and pitch of holes is 8～12 times of aperture;
(2) measure unwrapping wire control: the setting-out of excavation outline line does not have the prismatic reflection technology with infrared rays, and instrument is the TCR1200 total powerstation, and angle measurement accuracy is 2 ", range accuracy is 2+2ppm, survey crew, identifies with red paint by after the setting-out of hole by the perimeter hole spacing that designs;
(3) guiding point guiding: in the setting-out of excavation contoured surface, corresponding each tapping point, at it along marking guiding point on the moulding of the excavation crown at the back 1.5m～2.0m place of hole axis parallel lines direction;
(4) boring and guiding control: tapping point boring is strict carries out the perforate operation on the survey mark position that is identified, adopt the pore-creating of hand air drill, spud in and undertaken by two drillers' cooperations in each hole, use long pricker perforate so that reference in the boring procedure, behind end of preorder hole drill hole and the scrutiny, employing is slightly less than the straight long steel pipe or the PVC straight tube of bore diameter and puts into this hole and expose 1.5m～2.5m, the guide pipe during as adjacent postorder hole drill hole;
(5) driller in boring procedure with guiding point, preceding artillery salvo explosion half hole and guide pipe as the guiding reference, keyhole direction and dip angle of hole.
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the described cavern crown spacing of wells is 40～50cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008102334177A CN101368472A (en) | 2008-10-09 | 2008-10-09 | Method for accurately positioning and orienting drill hole of top arch |
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| CNA2008102334177A CN101368472A (en) | 2008-10-09 | 2008-10-09 | Method for accurately positioning and orienting drill hole of top arch |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101503961B (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2011-06-01 | 上海城建（集团）公司 | Use method of underground obstacles blasting in shield-tunneling construction |
| CN102418515A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2012-04-18 | 中铁上海工程局市政工程有限公司 | Method for performing shaft orientation survey by using optical plummet |
| CN105651169A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-06-08 | 袁建虎 | Precision detection method of mine laying and sweeping and obstacle breaching equipment direction finder based on total station |
| CN106988758A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-07-28 | 中铁五局集团第五工程有限责任公司 | One kind is used to pass through large-scale vertical solution cavity group method for tunnel construction |
| CN108955435A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-12-07 | 华东建工集团有限公司 | A kind of tunnel big cross section blasting construction method |
| CN109184702A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-01-11 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | The measurement method of out break is controlled under the conditions of the more curves of Tunnel Engineering, minor radius |
| CN109855611A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-06-07 | 中南大学 | A kind of PC wall rapid survey calibration method based on total station |
| CN110207649A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-06 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Aided measurement device for cavern's crown structural plane occurrence |
| CN113719290A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-11-30 | 中国水利水电第十二工程局有限公司 | Precision control drilling method for excavating peripheral light blasting holes in tunnel |
| CN113932668A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-14 | 库车县榆树岭煤矿有限责任公司 | Air column charging smooth blasting technical method based on multiple closed fracture surfaces |
-
2008
- 2008-10-09 CN CNA2008102334177A patent/CN101368472A/en active Pending
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101503961B (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2011-06-01 | 上海城建（集团）公司 | Use method of underground obstacles blasting in shield-tunneling construction |
| CN102418515A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2012-04-18 | 中铁上海工程局市政工程有限公司 | Method for performing shaft orientation survey by using optical plummet |
| CN102418515B (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2014-04-23 | 中铁上海工程局市政工程有限公司 | Method for performing shaft orientation survey by using optical plummet |
| CN105651169A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-06-08 | 袁建虎 | Precision detection method of mine laying and sweeping and obstacle breaching equipment direction finder based on total station |
| CN106988758B (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2023-09-01 | 中铁五局集团第五工程有限责任公司 | Construction method for crossing large-scale vertical karst cave group tunnel |
| CN106988758A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-07-28 | 中铁五局集团第五工程有限责任公司 | One kind is used to pass through large-scale vertical solution cavity group method for tunnel construction |
| CN108955435A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-12-07 | 华东建工集团有限公司 | A kind of tunnel big cross section blasting construction method |
| CN108955435B (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-02-07 | 国诚集团有限公司 | Tunnel large-section blasting construction method |
| CN109184702A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-01-11 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | The measurement method of out break is controlled under the conditions of the more curves of Tunnel Engineering, minor radius |
| CN109855611A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-06-07 | 中南大学 | A kind of PC wall rapid survey calibration method based on total station |
| CN110207649A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-06 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Aided measurement device for cavern's crown structural plane occurrence |
| CN110207649B (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2023-12-01 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Auxiliary measuring device for calorifics roof arch structural plane shape |
| CN113719290A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-11-30 | 中国水利水电第十二工程局有限公司 | Precision control drilling method for excavating peripheral light blasting holes in tunnel |
| CN113719290B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2023-11-24 | 中国水利水电第十二工程局有限公司 | Precision control drilling method for tunnel excavation periphery smooth blastholes |
| CN113932668A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-14 | 库车县榆树岭煤矿有限责任公司 | Air column charging smooth blasting technical method based on multiple closed fracture surfaces |
| CN113932668B (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2023-10-20 | 库车县榆树岭煤矿有限责任公司 | Air column charge smooth blasting technical method based on multiple combined sections |
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Open date: 20090218 |