CN101366425B - Preparation technique for selenium-rich instant green tea powder - Google Patents
Preparation technique for selenium-rich instant green tea powder Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for preparing selenium-rich instant green tea powder by using a selenium-rich green tea dry product produced in Enshi of Hubei province, Ziyang of Shanxi province and other regions. The process comprises the procedures of leaching, enzymolysis, coarse filtering, enzyme killing, inorganic membrane filtration, reverse osmosis membrane condensation, inorganic membrane sterilization, spraying, drying and the like; the selenium content of the selenium-rich instant green tea powder prepared by the process is increased to over two times than the selenium content of the common instant tea powder; the selenium-rich instant green tea powder has good mouthfeel of tea taste and intense fragrance; after being made, the tea water is clear and transparent; and the selenium-rich instant green tea powder is applied to various foods, beverages, health-care products and medicines.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of selenium-rich green tea dry product with real estates such as enshi, Ziyangs, Shaanxi is the manufacturing process of the selenium-rich instant green tea powder of raw material.
Background technology
Selenium is the necessary trace element of keeping the humans and animals normal activities, the selenium in the food and the health of human body and disease exist closely bound up positive connection, and the area of China about 70% is the scarce selenium area of generally acknowledging in the world, wherein 29% area is again serious scarce selenium area, and the high selenium area of China is detected in enshi and area, Ziyang, Shaanxi.Tealeaves is human beneficial friend simultaneously, also is state's drink of China.Contain materials such as abundant composition Tea Polyphenols, theanine, tea polysaccharide, caffeine in the tealeaves to the effect of human body unsoundness.Tealeaves mainly contains the health benefit of human body is putative at present: anti-oxidant, anti-aging; Improve immunity; Anti-caries; Hypotensive, reducing blood lipid, anti-angiocardiopathy; Sterilization, effect such as antiviral, anticancer.And at present instant beverage more and more is subjected to popular liking that particularly various tea beverage and other the various forms drink and foods that contains tea that is mixed with instant tea powder propagated its belief on a large scale on market on market.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of preparation technology of selenium-rich instant green tea powder is provided, the selenium-rich instant green tea powder selenium content of producing exceeds nearly more than one times than common instant tea powder selenium content, the tea flavour mouthfeel of selenium-rich instant green tea powder is good, tea is aromatic strongly fragrant, brews back millet paste and clarifies bright.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, adopt following processing step:
The preparation technology of a kind of selenium-rich instant green tea powder of the present invention, being processed into the green tea dry product of Se content between 0.25～4PPm with the bright leaf of the regional selenium-enriched tea leaf of growing in enshi or Ziyang, Shaanxi is raw material, adopts following step of preparation process:
The lixiviate enzymolysis: the tealeaves dry product is placed in the container, is that 50～65 ℃ water adds in the container with 10～20 times of tealeaves dry product weight, temperature, and the lixiviate enzymolysis time of tealeaves dry product was controlled at 30～120 minutes; When lixiviate begins, in container, add complex enzyme and stirring and leaching enzymolysis in 0.1%～0.5% times of tealeaves dry product weight, described complex enzyme is the mixture of papain, a-amylase, cellulase and pectase, and the weight proportion of papain, a-amylase, cellulase and pectase is 1:(1～2 in the complex enzyme): (1～3): (1～4), enzymolysis time were controlled at 30～120 minutes;
The coarse filtration enzyme that goes out: the tea behind the enzymolysis is filtered by 80～150 purpose screen clothes, again the filtrate that obtains is warming up to 90～95 ℃, and allow tea insulation 1～2 minute, the tea that is incubated 1～2 minute makes tea be cooled to 20～25 ℃ by cooling;
Inorganic membrane filtration: the tea that coarse filtration is gone out behind the enzyme is that 0.2～0.4 micron inoranic membrane filters by membrane aperture, and the tea temperature is controlled at 20～45 ℃ during filtration, and pressure is controlled at 0.45～0.65MPa during filtration;
Reverse osmosis membrane concentrates: the rolling composite membrane that uses foodstuff sanitation-stage concentrates as the tea of reverse osmosis membrane after to inorganic membrane filtration, pressure is controlled at 1.5～2.5MPa in concentration process, temperature is controlled at 20～45 ℃, makes through the soluble solid quality percentage composition in the concentrate after concentrating 20～25%;
The inoranic membrane degerming: the tea after concentrating through reverse osmosis membrane is that 0.1～0.6 micron inoranic membrane carries out degerming by membrane aperture, and temperature is controlled at 20～45 ℃, and pressure is controlled at 0.20～0.40MPa;
Spray-drying: the concentrate after the inoranic membrane degerming with 16～22MPa high-pressure pump homogeneous after nozzle by 1.0～1.5mm aperture spray into and carry out spray-drying in the press spray drying tower, controlled condition is 135～175 ℃ of intake air temperatures, 75～85 ℃ of air outlet temperature, drying makes selenium-rich instant tea powder, control tea powder moisture weight content≤5% makes finished product.
The tealeaves dry product carries out the lixiviate operation again through after the grating earlier, and the tealeaves dry product after the grating must can pass through 12 eye mesh screens fully.In the inoranic membrane degerming operation, the inoranic membrane of employing is pellumina, silicon dioxide film, cellular glass film, zirconium dioxide film or titanium dioxide film.
The selenium-rich instant green tea powder selenium content that comes out by explained hereafter of the present invention exceeds nearly more than one times than common instant tea powder selenium content, and the tea flavour mouthfeel of selenium-rich instant green tea powder is good, tea is aromatic strongly fragrant, it is bright to brew back millet paste clarification, and this selenium-rich instant green tea powder is used in various food, beverage, health products and medicine.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1
5000 kilograms of hot water that add 50 ℃ in 7000L multi-function extractor (Changshu flies pressure vessel difficult to understand manufacturing company and produces), the used water of the present invention is and passes through the pure water of handling.Green tea with 500 kilograms of area products of bestowing favour, through detecting Se content is 0.453PPm, make it can cross 12 purpose screen clothes fully the tealeaves grating, the purpose of its grating is in order to destroy the cell wall structure in the tealeaves as much as possible, for making the active ingredient in the tealeaves fully soak out as much as possible, the destruction of cell membrane also makes in enzymolysis process selenium separate by more or less freely enzymolysis simultaneously.Frequency with 30r/min minute is started agitator, adds tealeaves when starting agitator.Tealeaves adds the complex enzyme of back adding in 0.5 kilogram of dry weight of tea leaves that finish, this complex enzyme is made up of the papain of 0.125kg, the a-amylase of 0.125kg, the cellulase of 0.125kg and the pectase of 0.125kg, is incubated the lixiviate enzymolysis 30 minutes together with tea grounds in 50 ℃.
The lixiviate enzymolysis after 30 minutes is emitted tea by ground floor 80 orders and the filtration of the second layer 150 eye mesh screens, gets filtrate 3550L filtered fluid, and the soluble solid mass percent concentration is 3.5% in the tea, and filtrate is passed through 8M
2Plate type heat exchanger (material SUS304, make by Nanhua, Shanghai heat exchange equipment Co., Ltd) instantaneously be warmed up to 90～95 ℃ and be incubated 1 minute enzyme that goes out, good tea is cooled to 20 ℃ will to go out enzyme simultaneously, making the purpose of tea cooling is to be not suitable for keeping the long period in high temperature for tea, if tea keeps the long period that the heat-sensitive substance of tea and flavor substance are damaged, greatly reduce the quality of final products in high temperature.
Tea after the cooling is 0.2 micron 10M with the aperture
2Ceramic membrane (manufacturing of Anhui Pu Lang technology Co., Ltd) filters, temperature is controlled at 20～45 ℃ in the ceramic membrane filter process, and pressure control 0.45～0.65MPa gets tea filtered fluid 3242L during filtration after the filtration, concentration is 3.4%, and ceramic membrane has following advantage in filtering tea:
1, clean conditions is good, and itself is nontoxic, and separated tea is polluted, and regenerates easily and cleans, and when the contaminated obstruction of film is the cleaning that can recoil, also can at high temperature carry out Chemical cleaning;
2, Heat stability is good can be controlled under the temperature of certain scope and operate, and can avoid heat-sensitive substance in the tea to be heated like this changing and loses;
3, antimicrobial strong, biochemistry and chemical reaction do not take place with general microorganism, can filter out the microorganism of part simultaneously; Select for use under 20～45 ℃ of operating temperatures, operating pressure is 0.45～0.65MPa, the membrane aperture range of choice of selected ceramic membrane (manufacturing of Anhui Pu Lang technology Co., Ltd) is 0.2～0.4 micron, in such temperature, pressure and membrane aperture scope, the active ingredient of tealeaves in the tea and rich selenium oligopeptide solution that enzymolysis is separated are passed through smoothly, under such membrane aperture scope, can effectively stop simultaneously passing through of other materials such as impurity in the tea, pectin substance, protein, part microorganism, make the tea of handling by micro-filtration clarify bright more.
The film device (equipment is made by Anhui Pu Lang technology Co., Ltd) of the 8040 type SanRO-HS aromatic polyamide foodstuff sanitation-stage reverse-osmosis membrane elements that filtrate process Hydranautics produces carries out reverse osmosis membrane and concentrates, pressure is controlled at 1.5～2.5MPa in concentration process, temperature is controlled at 20～45 ℃, be concentrated into the soluble solid mass content and be at 20% o'clock and stop to concentrate, concentrate 540L concentrate.Expend more heat energy if soluble solid content hangs down in follow-up spray-drying, soluble solid content is higher, and concentration time will prolong so, makes the tea breed bacteria in concentration process easily, and the final products quality is reduced.So select suitable concentrated concentration and time, be very crucial to the quality of product.
Is that 1 square metre of aperture is that 0.1 micron degerming special aluminium oxide film (manufacturing of Anhui Pu Lang technology Co., Ltd) carries out degerming with concentrating good tea feed liquid by filter area, and temperature is controlled at 20～45 ℃, and pressure is controlled at 0.20～0.40MPa.The present invention adopts the micro-filtration technology to replace traditional pasteurize and high-temperature instantaneous sterilization in sterilization process; the traditional method for disinfection complex operation that adopts mostly in traditional production of instant tea technology; residual bacterium is many; high temperature easily causes the destruction of heat-sensitive materials inactivation and the nutrition of product taste; replace with the micro-filtration technology; the aperture is that micron order even nano level micro-filtration membrane are enough to stop microorganism to pass through; thereby when separating, reach the effect of " cold sterilization "; preserve and protect the loss and the variation of the flavor substance and the aroma substance of tea to greatest extent, improved the quality and the mouthfeel of product greatly.
Concentrated tea after the ceramic membrane degerming with the high-pressure pump homogeneous of 16～18MPa after nozzle by the 1.0mm aperture spray into press spray drying tower (Shanghai Qianwei Machinery Plant, evaporation capacity is 75kg/h) in carry out spray-drying, 135～175 ℃ of EATs of control, 75～78 ℃ of leaving air temps, drying makes selenium-rich instant green tea powder, control tea powder moisture weight content≤5% makes 99 kilograms of finished product selenium-rich green tea instant tea powders.Through concrete physical and chemical index of check and analysis such as table 1.
Table 1
| Tea Polyphenols | The catechin total amount | Epigallocatechin | Catechin | Epigallo-catechin gallate (EGCG) | Epicatechin | Nutgall catechin | L-Epicatechin gallate | Se content |
| 38.82％ | 28.11％ | 8.31％ | 0.64％ | 11.80％ | 2.18％ | 0.63％ | 4.55％ | 0.512PPm |
Embodiment 2
3750 kilograms of hot water that add 57 ℃ in 7000L multi-function extractor (Changshu flies pressure vessel difficult to understand manufacturing company and produces), the used water of the present invention is and passes through the pure water of handling.With the green tea that produce in 250 kilograms of areas of bestowing favour, be 0.478PPm through detecting Se content, make it cross 12 purpose screen clothes fully the tealeaves grating, start agitator with 45r/min minute frequency, when starting agitator, add tealeaves.Tealeaves adding finishing back adds the complex enzyme in dry weight of tea leaves 0.75kg in solution, this complex enzyme is made up of the papain of 0.125kg, the a-amylase of 0.1875kg, the cellulase of 0.1875kg and the pectase of 0.25kg, is incubated the lixiviate enzymolysis 60 minutes together with tea grounds in 57 ℃.
The lixiviate enzymolysis after 60 minutes is emitted tea by ground floor 80 orders and the filtration of the second layer 150 eye mesh screens, gets filtrate 3000L filtered fluid, and the soluble solid mass percent concentration is 2.1% in the tea.Filtrate is passed through 8M
2Plate type heat exchanger (material SUS304, by Nanhua, Shanghai heat exchange equipment Co., Ltd make) is instantaneous to be warmed up to 90 ℃～95 ℃ and be incubated 1.5 minutes enzymes that go out, and good tea is cooled to 22 ℃ will to go out enzyme simultaneously.
With the aperture 0.4 micron 10M
2Ceramic membrane (manufacturing of Anhui Pu Lang technology Co., Ltd) filters, and temperature is controlled at 20～45 ℃ in the ceramic membrane filter process, and pressure control 0.45～0.65MPa gets tea filtered fluid 2828L during filtration after the filtration, and concentration is 2.0%.
The film device (equipment is made by Anhui Pu Lang technology Co., Ltd) of the 8040 type SanRO-HS aromatic polyamide foodstuff sanitation-stage reverse-osmosis membrane elements that filtrate process Hydranautics produces carries out reverse osmosis membrane and concentrates, the rolling composite membrane concentrates as the tea of reverse osmosis membrane after to inorganic membrane filtration, pressure is controlled at 1.5～2.5MPa in concentration process, temperature is controlled at 20～45 ℃, be concentrated into the soluble solid mass content and be at 23% o'clock and stop to concentrate, concentrate 251L concentrate.
Is that 1 square metre of aperture is that 0.2 micron the special-purpose silicon dioxide film of degerming (manufacturing of Anhui Pu Lang technology Co., Ltd) carries out degerming with concentrating good tea feed liquid by filter area, and temperature is controlled at 20～45 ℃, and pressure is controlled at 0.20～0.40MPa.
Concentrated tea after the ceramic membrane degerming with the high-pressure pump homogeneous of 16～18MPa after nozzle by the 1.3mm aperture spray into press spray drying tower (Shanghai Qianwei Machinery Plant, evaporation capacity is 75kg/h) in carry out spray-drying, 135～175 ℃ of EATs of control, 75～78 ℃ of leaving air temps, drying makes selenium-rich instant green tea powder, control tea powder moisture weight content≤5% makes 46 kilograms of finished product selenium-rich green tea instant tea powders.Through concrete physical and chemical index of check and analysis such as table 2.
Table 2
| Tea Polyphenols | The catechin total amount | Epigallocatechin | Catechin | Epigallo-catechin gallate (EGCG) | Epicatechin | Nutgall catechin | L-Epicatechin gallate | Se content |
| 39.67％ | 28.71％ | 8.40％ | 0.52％ | 12.49％ | 2.23％ | 0.72％ | 4.35％ | 0.578PPm |
Embodiment 3
5000 kilograms of hot water that add 65 ℃ in 7000L multi-function extractor (Changshu flies pressure vessel difficult to understand manufacturing company and produces), the used water of the present invention is and passes through the pure water of handling.With the green tea that produce in 250 kilograms of areas of bestowing favour, be 0.658PPm through detecting Se content, make it cross 12 purpose screen clothes fully the tealeaves grating, start agitator with 60r/min minute frequency, when starting agitator, add tealeaves.Tealeaves adding finishing back adds the complex enzyme in dry weight of tea leaves 1.25kg in solution, this complex enzyme is made up of the papain of 0.125kg, the a-amylase of 0.25kg, the cellulase of 0.375kg and the pectase of 0.5kg, is incubated the lixiviate enzymolysis 120 minutes together with tea grounds in 65 ℃.
The lixiviate enzymolysis after 120 minutes is emitted tea by ground floor 80 orders and the filtration of the second layer 150 eye mesh screens, gets filtrate 4250L filtered fluid, and the soluble solid mass percent concentration is 1.4% in the tea, and filtrate is passed through 8M
2Plate type heat exchanger (material SUS304, by Nanhua, Shanghai heat exchange equipment Co., Ltd make) is instantaneous to be warmed up to 90～95 ℃ and be incubated 2 minutes enzymes that go out, and good tea is cooled to 25 ℃ will to go out enzyme simultaneously.
With the aperture 0.3 micron 10M
2Ceramic membrane (manufacturing of Anhui Pu Lang technology Co., Ltd) filters, temperature is controlled at 20～45 ℃ in the ceramic membrane filter process, and pressure control 0.45～0.65MPa gets tea filtered fluid 4119L during filtration after the filtration, soluble solid mass percent 1.3% in the tea
The film device (equipment is made by Anhui Pu Lang technology Co., Ltd) of the 8040 type SanRO-HS aromatic polyamide foodstuff sanitation-stage reverse-osmosis membrane elements that filtrate process Hydranautics produces carries out reverse osmosis membrane and concentrates, pressure is controlled at 1.5～2.5MPa in concentration process, temperature is controlled at 20～45 ℃, be concentrated into the soluble solid mass content and be at 25% o'clock and stop to concentrate, concentrate 214L.
Is that 1 square metre of aperture is that 0.6 micron the special-purpose cellular glass film of degerming (manufacturing of Anhui Pu Lang technology Co., Ltd) carries out degerming with concentrating good tea feed liquid by filter area, and temperature is controlled at 20 ℃～45 ℃, and pressure is controlled at 0.20～0.40MPa.
Concentrated tea after the ceramic membrane degerming with the high-pressure pump homogeneous of 16～18MPa after nozzle by the 1.5mm aperture spray into press spray drying tower (Shanghai Qianwei Machinery Plant, evaporation capacity is 75kg/h) in carry out spray-drying, 135～175 ℃ of EATs of control, 75～78 ℃ of leaving air temps, drying makes selenium-rich instant green tea powder, control tea powder moisture weight content≤5% makes 48 kilograms of finished product selenium-rich green tea instant tea powders.Through concrete physical and chemical index of check and analysis such as table 3.
Table 3
| Tea Polyphenols | The catechin total amount | Epigallocatechin | Catechin | Epigallo-catechin gallate (EGCG) | Epicatechin | Nutgall catechin | L-Epicatechin gallate | Se content |
| 38.04％ | 28.59％ | 8.01％ | 0.77％ | 11.85％ | 3.45％ | 0.47％ | 4.03％ | 0.728PPm |
Claims (4)
1. the preparation technology of a selenium-rich instant green tea powder is characterized in that: adopt following processing step:
Raw material: it is raw material that the bright leaf of selenium-enriched tea leaf of choosing the area growth of enshi or Ziyang, Shaanxi is processed into the green tea dry product of Se content between 0.25～4ppm:
Lixiviate enzymolysis: the tealeaves dry product is placed in the container, with 10～20 times of tealeaves dry product weight, temperature is that 50～65 ℃ water adds in the container, when lixiviate begins, in container, add complex enzyme in tealeaves dry product weight 0.1%～0.5%, and the stirring and leaching enzymolysis, enzymolysis time was controlled at 30～120 minutes; Described complex enzyme is the mixture of papain, a-amylase, cellulase and pectase, and the weight proportion of papain, a-amylase, cellulase and pectase is 1: 1～2: 1～3: 1～4 in the complex enzyme;
The coarse filtration enzyme that goes out: the tea behind the enzymolysis is filtered by 80～150 purpose screen clothes, again the filtrate that obtains is warming up to 90～95 ℃, and allow tea insulation 1～2 minute, again cooling down tea coolant-temperature gage to 20～25 ℃;
Inorganic membrane filtration: the tea that coarse filtration is gone out behind the enzyme is that 0.2～0.4 micron inoranic membrane filters by membrane aperture, and the tea temperature is controlled at 20～45 ℃ during filtration, and pressure is controlled at 0.45～0.65MPa during filtration;
Reverse osmosis membrane concentrates: the rolling composite membrane that uses foodstuff sanitation-stage concentrates as the tea of reverse osmosis membrane after to inorganic membrane filtration, pressure is controlled at 1.5～2.5MPa in concentration process, temperature is controlled at 20～45 ℃, makes through the soluble solid quality percentage composition in the concentrate after concentrating 20～25%;
The inoranic membrane degerming: the tea after concentrating through reverse osmosis membrane is that 0.1～0.6 micron inoranic membrane carries out degerming by membrane aperture, and temperature is controlled at 20～45 ℃, and pressure is controlled at 0.20～0.40MPa;
Spray-drying: the concentrate after the inoranic membrane degerming with 16～22MPa high-pressure pump homogeneous after nozzle by 1.0～1.5mm aperture spray into and carry out spray-drying in the press spray drying tower, controlled condition is 135～175 ℃ of intake air temperatures, 75～85 ℃ of air outlet temperature, drying make selenium-rich instant tea powder.
2. the preparation technology of selenium-rich instant tea powder according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described tealeaves dry product need pass through 12 eye mesh screens.
3. the preparation technology of selenium-rich instant green tea powder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described inoranic membrane degerming operation, the inoranic membrane of employing is pellumina, silicon dioxide film, cellular glass film, zirconium dioxide film or titanium dioxide film.
4. the preparation technology of selenium-rich instant green tea powder according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described selenium-rich instant tea powder moisture weight content≤5%.
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