CN101350385A - GaN base spinning LED and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
GaN base spinning LED and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a GaN group spin luminescent diode (Spin-LED), which is formed form orderly arranging the following structures on a conducting substrate: a P type ohmic contact electrode, a P type GaN layer, an InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well active layer, a N type GaN layer, an ITO magnetic layer which is doped with transient metallic elements, and a N type ohmic contact electrode, wherein the GaN group Spin-LED is prepared through taking the ITO group magnetic layer as a spin injection source and combining the original and the existing GaN group LED lighting techniques, compared with the complex preparing process which combines a plurality of producing techniques of a GaMnN group Spin-LED which is provided at present, the method is characterized by arranging the magnetic layer on a transparent electrode part instead, the preparation method is simple and easy to carry out, and various novel spin luminescent diodes can be flexibly and rapidly obtained, and the detecting of the spin injection efficiency can be effectively carried out, simultaneously, the Spin-LED further can be used for researching and designing other various spin electronic devices.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the spintronics field, relate to a kind of spinning LED (Spin-LED) based on the preparation of ITO magnetic pole technology.
Background technology
Spin electric device have consumption less, advantage such as fast, non-volatile, the high density of integration of speed, it is had broad application prospects in fields such as magnetic inductor, high-density nonvolatile memory, optical isolator, semiconductor integrated circuit, semiconductor laser and spin quantum computers.Therefore the spintronics field is expected to playing the part of important role in the development of electronic device of future generation.
Dilute magnetic semiconductor (DMS) is the important materials in the spintronics field.But traditional DMS, for example GaMnAs because Curie temperature is lower, has limited the application of device work under the room temperature.Zenner model ([1] T.Dietl since human mean field approximations such as T.Dietl in 2000, H.Ohno, et al., Science Vol.287,1019 (2000)) its Curie temperature of dilute magnetic semiconductor material such as prophesy GaMnN etc. can surpass room temperature, and after this GaN base diluted magnetic semiconductor material has entered research boom.Simultaneously, the GaN base semiconductor LED has in room lighting, flat panel display, junction service each side such as light interconnection in the computer as the lighting source of third generation semi-conducting material to be used widely, is energy savings, is beneficial to environmental protection and realizes the key light source of human solid-state illumination revolution.Therefore how better that GaN sill and device application is significant in the spintronics field.The more important thing is present semiconductor lighting technology ripe relatively and gradually industrialization and practicability, but the degree of polarization of the lighting source that these are traditional is all very low, the optical communication in very difficult satisfied modern times and field of liquid crystal display are to the requirement of source degree of polarization, and it is most important for these fields therefore how to develop the semiconductor illuminating light source with certain degree of polarization.How effectively to survey difficult point and the focus that spin is still present spintronics area research simultaneously, have abundant physical message and researching value.And the notion of GaN base spinning LED (Spin-LED) is exactly to propose in this case and grow up.
Scientist also justs think and carries out the design of Spin-LED device with the GaMnN semi-conducting material, but because Mn forms the deep acceptor energy level in GaN, makes electrical properties such as the carrier concentration of the GaN material after the doped with Mn and mobility be difficult to satisfy the requirement of device.This method material growth step is many simultaneously, needs multiple growing technology to intersect and uses, and the cycle is long, technical difficulty is big.Utilize the GaMnN dilute magnetic semiconductor material to prepare GaN base Spin-LED and run into certain challenge, GaMnN base Spin-LED that can be practical yet there are no report.
And indium tin oxide films (Indium tin oxide is called for short ito thin film) has good conductivity as a kind of transparent N type semiconductor conductive film.Have advantages such as chemical stability, thermal stability simultaneously concurrently, be used to prepare the transparency electrode of photoelectric device widely.In GaN base LED white-light illuminating field, become one of key technology of electrode making owing to its good conductivity transparent rate is high.Recently, the ito thin film of containing transition metal element is quite paid close attention to again owing to its room-temperature ferromagnetic, for example: [2] J.Philip, N.Theodoropoulou, G.Berera, et al., Appl.Phys.Lett.85,777 (2004); [3] G.Peleckis, X.L.Wang, S.X.Dou, Appl.Phys.Lett.89,022501 (2006); [4] T.Nakamura, K.Tanabe, et al., J.Appl.Phys.101,09H105 (2007).Preparation is simple because the ITO material of containing transition metal has, and character such as good electricity, magnetics and optics are easier to advantages such as integrated semiconductor electronics simultaneously, so it will be a well selection.Given this, the present invention proposes the method that a kind of applied magnetic ito transparent electrode technology directly prepares Spin-LED.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome existing GaN based diluted magnetic semiconductor as the deficiency of spin polarization layer on electrical properties and the complexity of technology, provide a kind of with the GaN base Spin-LED of ITO base magnetic material as spin injection source, its preparation method technology is simple, effective and rapid, and indium tin oxide films (ito thin film) the transparency electrode technology of promptly using the containing transition metal element directly prepares the Spin-LED that can be applicable to room temperature spin detection and polarized light source.
GaN base Spin-LED of the present invention has following structure: be P type Ohm contact electrode, P type GaN layer, InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well active layer, N type GaN layer, the ITO magnetosphere of containing transition metal element, N type Ohm contact electrode successively on conductive substrates.
The preferred Cu of above-mentioned conductive substrates; P type Ohm contact electrode is generally the Ni/Au electrode; The preferred Mn of the transition metal that mixes in the ITO magnetosphere, wherein the doping content scope of Mn is 1-10at.% (being that the atomic percentage conc of Mn in metallic element is 1-10%), preferred 5at.%; N type Ohm contact electrode is generally the Cr/Au electrode.
The present invention with the ITO magnetic membrane material of containing transition metal element as spin injection source, polarized behind the electronics process magnetosphere ito thin film like this, be diffused into the hole-recombination of multiple quantum well active layer neutralization through N type GaN layer, will send polarised light according to the quantum leap selection rule from P type GaN layer.As shown in Figure 1, the downward (m of spin direction in conduction band (CB)
j=-1/2) m in electronics and the valence band (VB)
j=+3/2 hole-recombination will be sent right-circularly polarized light (σ
+); In like manner, spin direction (m upwards in conduction band (CB)
j=+1/2) m in electronics and the valence band (VB)
j=-3/2 hole-recombination will be sent left circularly polarized light (σ
-).After adding the ITO magnetosphere, the most of electronics in the conduction band is polarized to a kind of spin direction (m
j=-1/2 or+1/2), make device send to have the polarised light of certain degree of polarization.
The device of said structure not only can be used as the polarization light source, can also survey the effective tool of spin as room temperature.
The method that the present invention prepares above-mentioned GaN base spinning LED comprises the following steps:
1) the GaN base LED chip of preparation vertical stratification;
2) remove non-Doped GaN layer and attenuate N type GaN layer;
3) the ITO magnetic material of containing transition metal element is plated on the N type GaN layer behind the attenuate;
4) on the ITO magnetosphere, make N type Ohm contact electrode.
Above-mentioned steps 2) preferably N type GaN layer thickness is thinned to 100nm-200nm in.
The preferred Mn of the transition metal that mixes in the ITO magnetic material in the step 3), wherein the doping content scope of Mn is 1-10at.%, preferred 5at.%; The method of plating ITO magnetic material is preferentially selected the deposited by electron beam evaporation method.
Step 4) preferably with Cr/Au as N type Ohm contact electrode.
The present invention combines preparation Spin-LED with the ITO base magnetic material as spin injection source and existing GaN base LED lighting technology, loaded down with trivial details preparation procedure with respect to the multinomial growing technology combination of the GaMnN of present proposition base Spin-LED, this method is changed into the transparency electrode part with magnetosphere, the preparation method is simple, has once finished the required effect that reaches of a plurality of steps.The inventive method can apply to develop various novel spinning LEDs, and the detection of the injection efficiency that can spin effectively, also be expected to be used for development simultaneously and design other various spintronics devices, such as spin fet (Spin-FET).
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is a Spin-LED principle of luminosity schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the GaN based light-emitting diode structural representation of typical vertical stratification.
Fig. 3 is the Spin-LED structural representation that contains the ITO:Mn magnetic material.
Wherein:
1---Cu substrate 2---Ni/Au electrode 3---P type GaN layer
4---the non-Doped GaN layers of InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well active layer 5---N type GaN layer 6---
7---ITO magnetosphere 8 of containing transition metal element---Cr/Au electrode
Embodiment
The ITO material is used widely as the transparency electrode of photoelectron material, and the GaN of vertical stratification base LED technology is now developing and growing up gradually, becomes the developing inexorable trend of field of semiconductor illumination.The present invention prepares Spin-LED in conjunction with ITO magnetic material and vertical stratification LED technology, comprises following main contents and step:
1) preparation of vertical GaN-based LED:
A) preparation of traditional GaN base LED
On Sapphire Substrate, use metallo-organic compound vapour phase epitaxy method (MOCVD) growing GaN based LED chip structure.
B) preparation of P type ohmic contact
Deposit Ni/Au electrode on P-GaN obtains ohmic contact through alloy.
C) substrate-transfer
On the Ni/Au electrode, electroplate Cu, translate substrate.
D) laser lift-off Sapphire Substrate
The sample of electroplating Cu is bonded on the vertical sample stage, the ultraviolet pulse laser scioptics focus on certain energy density from sapphire one side incident GaN base epitaxial wafer, realize the scanning of laser pulse on whole sample by the mobile example platform, make GaN base epitaxial loayer separate with sapphire.Thereby obtain the GaN based light-emitting diode of vertical stratification as shown in Figure 2.
2) remove non-Doped GaN layer and attenuate N type GaN layer
Non-Doped GaN layer of electric induction coupled plasma (ICP) etching and N type GaN layer, etch areas reaches N type district, and reservation N type district thickness is 100-200nm.
3) containing transition metal element ITO magnetic material is plated on the attenuated layer
The deposited by electron beam evaporation method prepares the ITO magnetic material of mixing Mn on the N of attenuate type layer, wherein the doping content of Mn is 5at.%.
4) on the magnetic ito thin film, make N type ohmic contact with Cr/Au.
Through above-mentioned steps 1)～4), the Spin-LED that contains the ITO:Mn magnetic material as shown in Figure 3 obtained.
Certainly, the present invention is not limited to the preparation parameter of above-mentioned ITO:Mn magnetic material, and those skilled in the art can select to realize at the GaN based light-emitting diode magnetic material of the ITO that directly spin is injected fully as required.
Although disclose most preferred embodiment of the present invention and accompanying drawing for the purpose of illustration, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims various replacements, variation and modification all are possible.Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to most preferred embodiment and the disclosed content of accompanying drawing.
Claims (10)
1. a GaN base spinning LED has following structure: be P type Ohm contact electrode, P type GaN layer, InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well active layer, N type GaN layer, the tin indium oxide magnetosphere of containing transition metal element, N type Ohm contact electrode successively on conductive substrates.
2. GaN base spinning LED according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described conductive substrates is the Cu substrate.
3. GaN base spinning LED according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described P type Ohm contact electrode is the Ni/Au electrode.
4. GaN base spinning LED according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the transition metal that mixes in the described tin indium oxide magnetosphere is Mn, and its doping content scope is 1-10 at.%.
5. GaN base spinning LED according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described N type Ohm contact electrode is the Cr/Au electrode.
6. a method for preparing the GaN base spinning LED comprises the following steps:
1) the GaN base LED chip of preparation vertical stratification;
2) remove non-Doped GaN layer and attenuate N type GaN layer;
3) the tin indium oxide magnetic material of containing transition metal element is plated on the N type GaN layer behind the attenuate;
4) on the tin indium oxide magnetosphere, make N type Ohm contact electrode.
7. the method for preparing the GaN base spinning LED according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described step 2) by non-Doped GaN layer of electric induction coupled plasma etching and N type GaN layer.
8. according to claim 6 or the 7 described methods that prepare the GaN base spinning LED, it is characterized in that: described step 2) N type GaN layer thickness is thinned to 100nm-200nm.
9. the method for preparing the GaN base spinning LED according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the transition metal that mixes in the tin indium oxide magnetic material in the described step 3) is Mn, and its doping content scope is 1-10at.%.
10. according to claim 6 or the 9 described methods that prepare the GaN base spinning LED, it is characterized in that: the tin indium oxide magnetic material of described step 3) deposited by electron beam evaporation method evaporation containing transition metal element.
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| CN101350385A true CN101350385A (en) | 2009-01-21 |
| CN100555690C CN100555690C (en) | 2009-10-28 |
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