A kind of horizontal type electric dust collector
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas cleaning dust arrester, particularly a kind of horizontal type electric dust collector.
Background technology
At present, electric cleaner is widely used in the gas cleaning dedusting of industries such as electric power, cement.Existing horizontal type electric dust collector mainly is made up of housing, import end socket, outlet end socket, anode system, cathod system, anode rapping apparatus, cathode rapping device, high voltage source, ash exhauster etc.During work, carry high voltage direct current by high voltage source to cathod system, utilize the geometry of cathod system and anode system different, the gas generation ionization around interpolar produces powerful non-uniform electric field, makes produces a large amount of electronics and negative ions.After dusty gas enters electric field, dust is under the effect of these electronics and ion, with at a terrific speed charged and under the effect of electric field force rapid trend anode system opposite polarity with it, emit electric charge at last and be adsorbed onto on the positive plate, again by anode rapping apparatus and cathode rapping device respectively to the strike of cathode and anode system, these dust releasings are to the bottom ash bucket, behind the discharge port expansion gear of ash bucket lower end, discharged by ash exhauster, and the gas that has purified enters atmosphere through the outlet end socket.National atmosphere pollutants emission standards is 100-200mg/Nm before 2006
3, the normal efficiency of dust collection of electric cleaner is controlled at about 99.9% gets final product.Yet along with the promulgation of new atmosphere pollutants emission standards, the concentration of emission of electric cleaner must be controlled at 50mg/Nm
3Below, promptly the efficiency of dust collection of electric cleaner need be controlled at about 99.98%, thereby the structure of existing electric cleaner is improved and just to be seemed very important.
Although directly scurry to the outlet seal head end without electric field from the dusty gas that electric cleaner import seal head end enters in order to prevent at present by the ash bucket of below is other, and be provided with deep bead in each ash bucket airflow direction both sides, but in order to make the top dust can be when the sedimentation from the landing of ash bucket sidepiece, need between the lower edge of deep bead and ash bucket housing, to leave certain clearance, so just still exist a spot of dusty gas from the other phenomenon of scurrying in these gaps of electric cleaner entrance point process to the port of export, and when the deduster vibration dust-cleaning, when a large amount of dust fall into ash bucket, a spot of dust also can be scurried wind with the side in gap and enter subsequent electric field or outlet seal head end near being dropped into the deep bead gap time.After tested and calculate, this part otherly scurries the discharge efficiency that wind will influence deduster about 0.01~0.02%.In addition, the cathode rapping device of existing electric cleaner adopts the purge mode of top transmission sidepiece revolution rapping usually, though its power transmission shaft and electromagnetism rotating shaft place in the case that has heat-insulation layer and access door, but the inner chamber of this case and deduster interlinks, air-flow and temperature fluctuation are bigger, the electromagnetism rotating shaft easily produces dewfall and dust stratification creepage phenomenon, thereby influences the service life and the dust removing effects of electromagnetism rotating shaft, reduces operating efficiency.Moreover the discharge port expansion buffering jockey of electric duster ash bucket lower end is generally folded form, and it is made by stainless steel, and it is higher to manufacture cost; And the flanging timber intensity is difficult to grasp, when intensity is big to around swell increment limited, intensity hour is damaged easily, thereby is difficult to the buffering effect that reaches desirable; Folded form also is easy to generate the putty phenomenon, when putty reach a certain height, will produce the short circuit current phenomenon, thereby has reduced the dust removing effects of electric cleaner.Therefore, even the filter capacity of existing its electric field of electric cleaner can reach 100%, but also may be lower than discharge standard at the discharge efficiency of its port of export.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, at the deficiencies in the prior art part, provide a kind of rational in infrastructure, guarantee after the gas cleaning dedusting can qualified discharge horizontal type electric dust collector.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: it comprises housing, import and export end socket, ash bucket, anode system, cathod system, anode rapping apparatus, cathode rapping device, high voltage source, ash exhauster; Housing is airtight filter chamber, and its front and back ends is respectively equipped with end socket and outlet end socket, and the lower end is connected to ash bucket, and the discharge port of ash bucket lower end links to each other with ash exhauster by discharge port expansion buffer unit; High voltage source links to each other with cathod system, and anode system and cathod system are hung in enclosure interior and formed electric field, and the lower end of anode system is provided with the anode rapping apparatus that is driven by the anode transmission device, and the antianode system regularly implements deashing; The bottom of cathod system or bottom and middle part are provided with the cathode rapping device that cathode driving device drives, and the target system regularly implements deashing; In ash bucket, be provided with the ash bucket that constitutes by forward and backward deep bead and discharge lever and scurry ventilating purification apparatus, forward and backward deep bead is divided into the forward and backward both sides of ash bucket, link to each other with the anode rapping trip rod of anode system, and leave the gap with the ash bucket sidewall, be provided with the discharge lever that a row links to each other with the negative electrode bottom girder of cathod system in the front portion of rear end deep bead.Like this, when bypass is scurried wind when rear end deep bead gap location passes through, the discharge lever discharge, bypass scurry dust-laden particle in the wind charged and under the effect of electric field force trend rear end opposite polarity deep bead and ash bucket sidewall rapidly with it, emit electric charge at last and be adsorbed onto on the sidewall of rear end deep bead or ash bucket, when the anode system vibration dust-cleaning of electric cleaner, because rear end deep bead and anode rapping trip rod link together, so productive set is also fallen into ash bucket by under the rapping together at the dust on the deep bead of rear end; When the electric cleaner cathod system carries out vibration dust-cleaning, because discharge lever and negative electrode bottom girder link together, also got off to fall into ash bucket by rapping together so have the dust of institute's productive set on the discharge lever of discharge electrode characteristic, clean gas enters next ash bucket or outlet end socket by deep bead gap, rear end.
Above-mentioned discharge lever is that steel pipe is made, and for improving its discharge performance, is provided with several pointed discharge thorns by welding on the discharge lever, and its integral body is solid and reliable, do not break, and long service life, and discharge performance is good.
For improving dedusting, clean-up effect, discharge lever is corresponding with the positive plate of electric cleaner, and promptly discharge lever is arranged at the below of positive plate.
Above-mentioned discharge lever fixes by the negative electrode bottom girder of right-angle coupler, screw rod, nut and deduster.When needs are installed discharge lever and negative electrode bottom girder when being connected, one head-clamp mouth of latch fitting is combined on the negative electrode bottom girder of horizontal positioned, and put on screw rod, fastening nut, another head-clamp mouth of right-angle coupler is combined in discharge lever one end of vertical placement, puts on screw rod, and fastening nut gets final product, negative electrode bottom girder and discharge lever be whole to be connected firmly, and discharge lever can loose or dislocation; When needs were pulled down replacing with discharge lever, only need unclamp nut got final product convenient disassembly.
Described cathode rapping transmission device comprises the reducing motor, power transmission shaft, the electromagnetism rotating shaft that link to each other successively, and power transmission shaft and electromagnetism rotating shaft place in the case that has heat-insulation layer and access door, and the lower end of case and the housing of deduster interlink; In case, be provided with heater.When temperature in the case is lower than dew point when following, heater heats automatically, to prevent the dewfall phenomenon of electromagnetism rotating shaft.
Be provided with the dust-proof plate that makes the heater sealing in the above-mentioned case, directly contact, avoid heater to be subjected to the corrosion of exhaust gas dust, guarantee the permanently effective operation of heater, prolong its service life with high-temperature flue gas to prevent heater.
Above-mentioned case is provided with and connects its inside and outside aspiration channel, and the outer end of aspiration channel is provided with seal cover.With the dust stratification of avoiding exhaust gas dust in case, to form, it is creepage particularly easily to produce dust stratification on electromagnetism rotating shaft surface, and cause the breakdown damage of electromagnetism rotating shaft to influence the normal operation of deduster, in the deduster normal course of operation, at set intervals, open the seal cover on the aspiration channel, because the suction function of deduster inner chamber, extraneous clean clean air is inhaled in the case, under the effect of air-flow, the dust that sticks to encloser inner wall and electromagnetism rotating shaft surface is washed away, and is brought into deduster inside and carries out purified treatment, thereby has guaranteed the permanently effective operation of electromagnetism rotating shaft.
One side of above-mentioned case is slope, is mounted with access door on this slope, and is filled with insulation material in access door.Tilt to install because access door is, when the maintainer overhauls or change the electromagnetism rotating shaft, do not need to bend over significantly, also help the case inner part is detected and keeps in repair, greatly facilitate service work, reduced labour intensity; Simultaneously, the insulation material in the access door has played the effect of stable case internal temperature.
Described discharge port expansion buffer unit comprises upper and lower flange, middle plateform and upper and lower adapter, and the upper and lower mouth of cylindric upper connecting tube coincide, links to each other with the opening at upper flange, middle plateform middle part respectively; The cross section is down that the suitable for reading and middle plateform of trapezoidal lower linking tube links to each other, and its opening greater than middle plateform suitable for reading, and the end opening of lower linking tube coincide, links to each other with the opening at lower flange middle part.When electric cleaner produces thermal expansion, deflection is passed to upper flange and the stretching, extension downwards that links to each other with its discharge port by ash bucket, thereby upper flange links to each other with upper connecting tube the dilatancy amount is passed to upper connecting tube, the upper flat plate that upper connecting tube links to each other below pressing in the process of extending downwards, upper flat plate is owing to be plate construction, four limits are down that with the cross section trapezoidal lower linking tube links to each other, and upper flat plate can be to lower compression, thereby realize subduing the thermal expansion distortion of electric cleaner.When the electric cleaner overall shrinkage, upper connecting tube can drive upper flat plate upwards mentions, and subdues contraction distortion.And whole device does not have contraction mouth and dead angle, can not produce the putty phenomenon, has guaranteed that timely, the smooth and easy row of dust stratification unloads, and avoids producing reentrainment of dust.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the deficiency of wind is scurried in the ash bucket bypass that has overcome existing electric cleaner existence, and avoided that the electromagnetism rotating shaft easily produces dewfall and the creepage problem of dust stratification in the cathode driving device, prevented the generation of dust stratification clogging, guarantee the dust removing effects of electric cleaner effectively, guaranteed qualified discharge.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 scurries the structural representation of ventilating purification apparatus for ash bucket of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of cathode rapping transmission device of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of discharge port expansion buffer unit of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1 is ash exhauster, 2 is discharge port expansion buffer unit, 2-1 is a upper flange, 2-2 is a upper connecting tube, 2-3 is a upper flat plate, 2-4 is a lower linking tube, 2-5 is a lower flange, 3 is ash bucket, 4 scurry ventilating purification apparatus for ash bucket, 4-1 is the rear end deep bead, 4-2 is a right-angle coupler, 4-3 is a screw rod, 4-4 is a nut, 4-5 is a discharge lever, 4-6 is the front end deep bead, 5 is the anode rapping apparatus, 6 is anode system, 6-1 is a positive plate, 6-2 is an anode rapping trip rod, 7 is cathod system, 7-1 is a cathode line, 7-2 is the negative electrode bottom girder, 8 are the import end socket, 9 is airflow distribution device, 10 is cathode rapping transmission device, 10-1 is the cycloidal-pin wheel reducing motor, 10-2 is a shaft coupling, 10-3 is a power transmission shaft, 10-4 is a bracing frame, 10-5 is an axle housing, 10-6 is a tightly fixed liner, 10-7 is a bearing, 10-8 is a sealing shroud, 10-9 is an axle sleeve, 10-10 is a case, 10-11 is a dust-proof plate, 10-12 is an aspiration channel, 10-13 is a heater, 10-14 is a movable sleeve, 10-15 is an access door, 10-16 is the electromagnetism rotating shaft, 10-17 is an adapter sleeve, 10-18 is the cathode rapping vertical beam of deduster, 10-19 is a dust cover, 11 is the cathode rapping device, 12 is high voltage source, 13 is housing, 14 are the outlet end socket.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in further detail:
The present invention mainly is made up of housing 13, import end socket 8, outlet end socket 14, ash bucket 3, anode system 6, cathod system 7, anode rapping apparatus 5, cathode rapping device 11, high voltage source 12 and ash exhauster 1; Housing 13 is airtight filter chamber, and its front and back ends is arranged with import end socket 8 and outlet end socket 14, is provided with airflow distribution device 9 in import end socket 8.The lower end of housing 13 is connected to ash bucket 3, and the lower end of ash bucket 3 links to each other with ash exhauster 1 by discharge port expansion buffer unit 2; Described cathod system 7 includes cathode suspension beam, cathode line 7-1 and negative electrode bottom girder 7-2, the upper/lower terminal of its some cathode line 7-1 links to each other with cathode suspension beam, negative electrode bottom girder 7-2 respectively, and cathod system 7 hangs in the housing 13 by the cathode suspension beam; Described anode system 6 includes anode hanging beam, positive plate 6-1 and anode rapping trip rod 6-2, the upper/lower terminal of its some positive plate 6-1 links to each other with anode hanging beam, anode vibration trip rod 6-2 respectively, and anode system 6 hangs in the housing 13 by the anode hanging beam; Place the high voltage source 12 at housing 13 tops to link to each other, and positive plate 6-1 and cathode line 7-1 are alternately distributed to be suspended on and form electric fields in the housing 13 by certain distance with the cathode suspension beam.The anode transmission device of forming by motor, power transmission shaft, its power transmission shaft links to each other with the anode rapping rotating shaft of being made up of anode rapping rotating shaft, anode beater, the anode beater is in anode rapping rotating shaft, beat anode rapping trip rod 6-2 along with the rotation of anode rapping rotating shaft, realize the deashing operation of anode system 6.The bottom of cathod system 7 or bottom and middle part are provided with the cathode rapping device 11 that cathode driving device 10 is driven, and target system 7 regularly implements deashing.Included the cathode rapping device 11 that cathode rapping rotating shaft and cathode rapping hammer is formed by what cathode rapping transmission device 10 drove, its cathode rapping hammer is loaded in the cathode rapping rotating shaft, knock negative electrode bottom girder 7-2 along with the rotation of cathode rapping rotating shaft, realize the deashing operation of anode system 7.The dust that cathod system 7 and anode system 6 are cleared up falls in the ash bucket 3, behind discharge port expansion gear 2, discharge by ash exhauster 1, and the next ash bucket 3 of gas or the outlet end socket 14 that have purified.
In order to prevent that dusty gas is without electric field and directly from ash bucket 3 other scurrying to outlet seal head end 14, and the reentrainment of dust during the deashing operation and reduce dust removing effects, in ash bucket 3, be provided with and include preceding deep bead 4-6, the ash bucket of rear wind-break panels 4-1 and discharge lever 4-5 is scurried ventilating purification apparatus 4, its preceding deep bead 4-6, rear wind-break panels be divided into ash bucket 3 before, rear side, and leave the gap with ash bucket 3 sidewalls, before, rear end deep bead 4-6,4-1 links to each other with the anode rapping trip rod 6-2 of anode system 6, be provided with a discharging electric pole 4-5 in the front portion of rear end deep bead 4-1, discharge lever 4-5 is by right-angle coupler 4-2, screw rod 4-3, the negative electrode bottom girder 7-2 of nut 4-4 and cathod system 7 fixes, and discharge lever 4-5 is corresponding with the positive plate 6-1 of anode system 6, and promptly discharge lever 4-5 is arranged at the below of positive plate 6-1; Above-mentioned discharge lever 4-5 is that steel pipe is made, and for improving its discharge performance, discharge lever 4-5 goes up by welding and is provided with several pointed discharge thorns.When bypass is scurried wind when rear end deep bead 4-6 gap location passes through, discharge lever 4-5 discharge, bypass scurry dust-laden particle in the wind charged and under the effect of electric field force trend rear end deep bead 4-1 opposite polarity and ash bucket 3 sidewalls rapidly with it, emit electric charge at last and be adsorbed onto on the sidewall of rear end deep bead 4-1 or ash bucket 3, when the anode system 6 of electric cleaner carries out vibration dust-cleaning, because rear end deep bead 4-1 and anode rapping trip rod 6-2 link together, so the dust of productive set on the deep bead 4-1 of rear end also fallen into ash bucket 3 together under the rapping; When electric cleaner cathod system 7 carries out vibration dust-cleaning, because discharge lever 4-5 and negative electrode bottom girder 7-2 link together, also got off to fall into ash bucket 3 by rapping together so have the dust of institute's productive set on the discharge lever 4-5 of discharge electrode characteristic, clean gas enters next ash bucket 3 or outlet end socket 14 by deep bead 4-1 gap, rear end.
Described cathode rapping transmission device 10 comprises reducing motor 10-1, shaft coupling 10-2, power transmission shaft 10-3, case 10-10, aspiration channel 10-12, heater 10-13 and access door 10-15; The case 10-10 that has heat-insulation layer places the top of deduster housing 13, and the under shed of case 10-10 and deduster housing 13 interlink, and is provided with funnelform dust cover 10-19 in the lower end of case 10-10; Reducing motor 10-1 is placed in the top of case 10-10 by bracing frame 10-4, the axle head of reducing motor 10-1 links to each other with shaft coupling 10-2 one end, the shaft coupling 10-2 other end links to each other with the upper end of last power transmission shaft 10-3, the bottom of power transmission shaft 10-3 places in the case 10-10, and between power transmission shaft 10-3 and the case 10-10 by axle housing 10-5, tightly fixed liner 10-6, bearing 10-7, the black box that sealing shroud 10-8 and axle sleeve 10-9 constitute seals, the lower end of power transmission shaft 10-3 links to each other with the upper end of electromagnetism rotating shaft 10-16 by movable sleeve 10-14, and the lower end of electromagnetism rotating shaft 10-16 links to each other with cathode rapping vertical beam 10-18 one end of deduster through adapter sleeve 10-17.The side of above-mentioned case 10-10 is slope, is mounted with access door 10-15 on this slope, and is filled with insulation material in access door 10-15; Access door 10-15 is to tilt to install like this, has made things convenient for maintainer's detection and maintenance, and the insulation material in the access door 10-15 has played the effect of stable case 10-10 internal temperature simultaneously.In case 10-10, be provided with heater 10-13, and in case 10-10, be provided with the dust-proof plate 10-11 that makes heater 10-13 sealing, be subjected to the corrosion of exhaust gas dust, guarantee the permanently effective operation of heater 10-13, prolong its service life to avoid heater 10-13.When temperature in the case 10-10 is lower than dew point when following, heater 10-13 starts heating automatically by the controlling organization of deduster, to prevent the dewfall phenomenon of electromagnetism rotating shaft 10-16.Be provided with the aspiration channel 10-12 that connects inside and outside it in the side of case 10-10, the outer end of aspiration channel 10-12 is provided with seal cover 1.In the deduster normal course of operation, at set intervals, open the seal cover on the aspiration channel 1012, because the suction function of deduster inner chamber, extraneous clean clean air is inhaled in the case 10-10, under the effect of air-flow, the dust that sticks to case 10-10 inwall and electromagnetism rotating shaft 10-16 surface is washed away, and be brought into deduster inside and carry out purified treatment, avoided electromagnetism rotating shaft 10-16 surface creepage because of dust stratification, and breakdown damage influences the fault of the normal operation of deduster, has improved the security reliability of device.
Described discharge port expansion buffer unit 2 comprises upper flange 2-1, lower flange 2-, middle plateform 2-3 and upper connecting tube 2-2, lower linking tube 2-4, and the upper and lower mouth of cylindric upper connecting tube 2-2 coincide, links to each other with the opening at upper flange 2-1, middle plateform 2-3 middle part respectively; The cross section is down that the suitable for reading and middle plateform 2-3 of trapezoidal lower linking tube 2-4 links to each other, and its opening greater than middle plateform 2-3 suitable for reading, and the end opening of lower linking tube 2-4 coincide, links to each other with the opening at lower flange 2-5 middle part.When electric cleaner produces thermal expansion, deflection is passed to upper flange 2-1 and the stretching, extension downwards that links to each other with its discharge port by ash bucket 3, thereby upper flange 2-1 links to each other with upper connecting tube 2-2 the dilatancy amount is passed to upper connecting tube 2-2, the upper flat plate 2-3 that upper connecting tube 2-2 links to each other below pressing in the process of extending downwards, upper flat plate 2-3 is owing to be plate construction, four limits are down that with the cross section trapezoidal lower linking tube 2-4 links to each other, upper flat plate 2-4 can be to lower compression, thereby realizes subduing the thermal expansion distortion of electric cleaner.When the electric cleaner overall shrinkage, upper connecting tube 2-2 can drive upper flat plate 2-3 and upwards mention, and subdues contraction distortion.And this discharge port expansion buffer unit 2 does not have contraction mouth and dead angle, can not produce the putty phenomenon, has guaranteed that timely, the smooth and easy row of dust stratification unloads, and avoids producing reentrainment of dust.