CN101345884A - 图像帧的块差错补偿装置及其方法 - Google Patents

图像帧的块差错补偿装置及其方法 Download PDF

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CN101345884A
CN101345884A CNA2008101313008A CN200810131300A CN101345884A CN 101345884 A CN101345884 A CN 101345884A CN A2008101313008 A CNA2008101313008 A CN A2008101313008A CN 200810131300 A CN200810131300 A CN 200810131300A CN 101345884 A CN101345884 A CN 101345884A
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李性圭
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Abstract

提供了一种用于补偿图像帧中的块差错的装置和方法。它包括视频编解码解码器，用于解码输入的图像帧，和输出解码后的图像帧。差错隐蔽块可以检测被解码的图像帧中产生差错块和通过中值滤波器补偿被检测的差错块，以及输出补偿后的图像帧。

Description

图像帧的块差错补偿装置及其方法
本申请是申请日：2004.04.08，申请号为200410032462.8，名称为“图像帧的块差错补偿装置及其方法”的申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及多媒体通信，尤其涉及用于补偿图像帧产生的块差错的装置及其方法。
背景技术
移动通信包括主要使用声音信号的通信系统。但是，随着用于移动通信的技术发展和需求的增加，移动通信发展成为多媒体通信，它不仅包括声音，还包括数据以及运动图像。在多媒体通信中，进行处理的数据量可以很大，并可以限制所分配的信道的带宽或数据传输速度。已开发了用于通过压缩以有限的数据传输速度发送/接收大量数据的技术，诸如运动图像专家组(MPEG)技术。
用于压缩多媒体信号的MPEG技术可以降低以时间为函数而连续变化的MPEG帧的数据量，并通过使用仅由图像帧信息解码的帧内编码帧(I-帧)、仅包括来自I-帧的运动矢量值的预测编码帧(P-帧)等发送多媒体信号。这里，即使通过MPEG方法或其它应用方法而使I帧和P帧具有稍许不同，它们还是可以具有每秒约1∶15的传输率。
当块差错产生在I帧处时，接收侧就会再次接收该I帧，以补偿所述块差错。当块差错产生在P帧处时，接收侧就可以对P帧的前一帧和下一帧进行运动估计处理和运动补偿处理，以补偿块差错。将参考图1描述根据实例性配置的用于补偿图像帧的块差错的装置。
图1是示出根据实例性配置的图像帧的块差错补偿装置的框图。
如图所示，图像帧的块差错补偿装置可包括视频编解码解码器10，它用于解码输入的图像帧，补偿被解码的图像帧之间所产生的差错图像帧，由此进行输出。该装置可以包括用于存储视频编解码解码器10中处理的图像帧的存储器12。该装置可以包括窗口接口14，用于将从视频编解码解码器10输入的图像帧转换成对应于显示格式并由此输出。该装置可以包括显示窗口16，用于显示从窗口接口14输入的图像帧。
将参考图2说明根据实例配置的图像帧的块差错补偿方法。
图2是说明根据实例配置的图像帧的块差错补偿方法的流程图。
如图所示，用于补偿图像帧的块差错的方法可以包括检测解码的图像帧中产生差错块(S20)。该方法可以包括判断包括检测块的帧是否是P帧(S22)。该方法可以包括当包括检测块的帧是P帧时，根据前一帧和下一帧来补偿所产生的块差错。该方法可以包括显示已补偿块差错的帧(S26)，它可以重复。在确定包括检测块的帧是否是P帧的过程中(S22)，当包括检测块的帧是I帧时，可再次接收该I帧(S23)且产生块差错的图像帧可以由再次接收的I帧来进行补偿。
将更详细地说明根据实例性配置的补偿图像帧的块差错的方法。
视频编解码解码器10可以从发送侧接收图像帧并进行解码，随后将被解码的图像帧存储在存储器中，并检测产生差错块的解码图像帧(S20)。这里，图像帧可以由具有预定区域的块组成。
当被解码的图像帧中没有检测到产生差错块时，视频编解码解码器10可以将图像帧输出到窗口接口14。当在被解码的图像帧中检测到产生差错块时，视频编解码解码器10可以判断包括产生差错块的图像帧是否是P帧(S22)。
当包括产生差错块的图像帧不是P帧而是I帧时，视频编解码解码器10可以再次接收该I帧并通过重新接收的I帧补偿产生块差错的图像帧，由此将其输出到窗口接口14。
另一方面，当包括产生差错块的图像帧是P帧时，视频编解码解码器10可以对前一帧和下一帧进行运动估计过程和运动补偿过程，由此将已补偿块差错的图像帧输出到窗口接口14(S24)。
窗口接口14可以将输入的图像帧转换成相应的格式以适合于显示窗口16，并输出转换后的图像帧。显示窗口16可以显示所输入的被转换图像帧(S26)。
如上所述，在图像帧的块差错补偿装置中，可以再次接收产生块差错的帧，或可以对前一帧和下一帧进行运动估计过程和运动补偿过程，由此补偿产生块差错的帧。
但是，在图像帧的块差错补偿装置中，由于必须再次接收产生块差错的帧，或必须对前一帧和下一帧进行运动估计过程和运动补偿过程，就必需具有用于处理大量数据的附加存储器，但并不需要实时处理数据。
发明内容
因此，本发明的实施例提供了一种图像帧的块差错补偿装置及其方法，能通过重新确认产生差错块的差错产生来增强可靠性。
本发明的另一个实施例提供了一种图像帧的块差错补偿装置及其方法，能通过经中值滤波器补偿产生块差错的图像帧来补偿差错而无需附加的存储器。
本发明的又一个实施例提供了一种图像帧的块差错补偿装置及其方法，能通过经中值滤波器补偿产生块差错的图像帧来实时补偿差错。
为了实现这些和那些优点并根据本发明实施例的目的，如这里体现和广泛描述的，提供了一种图像帧的块差错补偿装置，它包括用于解码输入的图像帧和输出解码后的图像帧的视频编解码解码器。该块差错补偿装置可以包括差错隐蔽块，它用于检测被解码的图像帧中产生差错块，经中值滤波器补偿被解码的差错块，和输出补偿后的图像帧。
为了实现这些和那些优点并根据本发明实施例的目的，如这里体现和广泛描述的，提供了一种用于补偿图像帧的块差错的方法，它包括解码输入图像帧并由此输出解码后的图像帧。用于补偿块差错的方法可以包括检测被解码的图像帧的块差错和经中值滤波器补偿所检测到的块差错，以及输出补偿后的图像帧。
通过以下本发明的详细描述并结合附图阅读将使本发明的前述和其它目的、特点、方面和优点将变得更加明显，它们都构成本发明揭示内容的一部分。
本发明的附加优点、目的和特点可以在描述中部分阐述，通过以下的审查或通过实施本发明加以学习，它们对于本技术领域内普通的技术人员来说是显而易见的。
附图说明
附图示出了本发明的实施例并结合描述用来说明本发明的原理，其中包含附图来提供对本发明的进一步理解。
将参考附图详细描述本发明的实施例，其中相同的标号表示相同的元件，其中：
图1是示出根据实例配置的图像帧的块差错补偿装置的框图；
图2是示出根据实例配置的图像帧的块差错补偿方法的流程图；
图3是示出根据本发明实例性实施例的图像帧的块差错补偿装置的框图；和
图4是示出根据本发明实例性实施例的图像帧的块差错补偿方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
现在将参考本发明的实例性实施例，其实例在附图中示出。
以下，将参考附图说明采用中值滤波器补偿产生块差错的图像帧的实时补偿差错和/或没有附加存储器的图像帧的块差错补偿装置和其方法。
图3是示出根据本发明实例性实施例的图像帧的块差错补偿装置的框图。
如图所示，根据本发明实施例的图像帧或视频的块差错补偿装置可以包括视频编解码解码器30，它用于解码所输入的图像帧和输出解码后的图像帧。该装置可以包括用于存储视频编解码解码器30中处理的图像帧的存储器32。该装置可以包括差错隐蔽块33，它用于检测从视频编解码解码器30输入的帧中的块差错或视频块差错，经中值滤波器补偿检测到的块差错，和输出补偿后的帧。该装置可以包括窗口接口34，用于将从差错隐蔽块33输入的帧转换成适用于显示装置的格式并输出转换后的帧。该装置可以包括显示窗口36，用于显示从窗口接口34输入的帧。
差错隐蔽块33可以包括差错检测块331，它用于检测输入的图像帧中的产生差错块。差错隐蔽块33可以包括差错精化块332，用于对邻近(在前和/或在后)于被检测的差错块的一个或多个块的像素值求平均以便获得第一平均值或确认平均值，获得平均值和被检测的差错块的像素值之间的差的绝对值，和将该绝对值和预定值进行比较。差错隐蔽块33可以包括差错校正滤波器333，用于经中值滤波器对邻近于确认的差错块的一个或多个块的像素值求平均以便获得第二平均值或补偿平均值，并在绝对值大于预定值时将补偿平均值输出作为确认的差错块的像素值。差错隐蔽块33可以包括帧生成块334，用于根据输出的像素值恢复正常或无差错的图像帧，和输出恢复的图像帧。
将参考图4详细说明根据本发明实施例的图像帧的块差错补偿方法。
图4是示出根据本发明实例性实施例的图像帧的块差错补偿方法的流程图。
如图所示，图像帧的块差错补偿方法可以包括检测被解码的图像帧中的产生差错块(S40)。该方法可以包括对邻近于被检测的差错块的块的像素值求平均以便获得第一平均值或确认平均值，获得确认平均值和被检测差错块的像素值之间的差的绝对值，并将绝对值和预定值进行比较(S42)。该方法可以包括当绝对值大于预定值时通过中值滤波器补偿被检测的差错块(S44)。该方法可以包括根据补偿块恢复包括所述块的图像帧(S46)。
将更加详细地描述根据本发明实施例的图像帧的块差错补偿方法。
首先，视频编解码解码器30可以从发送侧接收图像帧。视频编解码解码器30可以解码所接收到的图像帧。被解码的图像帧可以存储在存储器32中。被解码的图像帧可以输出到差错检测块331。这里，一个图像帧或视频帧可以由具有预定区域的多个视频块或像素块构成。
差错检测块331可以检测从视频编解码解码器30输入的图像帧中的产生差错块(S40)。被检测的块可以输出到差错精化块332。
差错精化块332可以对邻近(之前和/或之后)于或邻接于被检测差错块的一个或多个块的像素值求平均以便获得第一平均值或确认平均值。可以获得确认平均值和被检测差错块的像素值之间的差的绝对值。将该绝对值和预定值进行比较。根据比较结果(S42)，可以确定被检测的块中是否出现差错。
可以通过以下方程式获得邻近于差错块的一个或多个块的像素值的平均值。
PS(x，y)＝[P(x-1，y-1)+P(x，y-1)+P(x+1，y-1)]/3+[P(x-1，y)+P(x+1，y)]/2+[P(x-1，y+1)+P(x，y+1)+P(x+1，y+1)]/3               (方程式1)
在方程式1中，P(x，y)可以表示被检测的差错块的像素值，而PS(x，y)可以表示邻近于被检测的差错块的一个或多个块的像素值的平均值。方程式1可以修改成包括一个或多个连续块。
差错精化块332可以处理邻近于被检测差错块的一个或多个块的像素值的平均值。差错精化块332可以获得P(x，y)和PS(x，y)之间的差的绝对值。差错精化块332可以将绝对值和预定值进行比较。
abs[P(x，y)-PS(x，y)]＜α           (方程式2)
当绝对值小于或等于预定值时，差错精化块332可以确定被检测的差错块是正常或无差错的块。差错精化块332可以将不含差错的块输出到帧生成块334。当绝对值大于或等于预定值时，差错精化块332可以确定被检测的差错块是其中产生决定性的或确认的差错的块，即确认的差错块或差错块。差错精化块332可以将差错块输出到差错校正滤波器(例如，中值滤波器)334。
差错校正滤波器333可以通过中值滤波器对邻近(之前或之后)于或邻接于差错块的一个或多个块的像素值求平均以便获得平均值或补偿平均值，由此通过该补偿平均值补偿差错块的像素值(S44)。可以根据以下方程式进行经由中0值滤波器的求平均过程。
Pgen(x，y)＝[P(x，y-1)+P(x，y-3)+P(x+1，y-2)+P(x-1，y-2)+P(x，y+1)+P(x，y+3)+P(x+1，y+2)]/7                      (方程式3)
在方程式3中，Pgen(x，y)可以表示经由中值滤波器处理的平均值，而P(x，y)可以表示差错块的像素值。方程式3可以修改为包括一个或多个连续块。
接着，帧生成块334可以根据从差错校正滤波器333补偿的块恢复包括补偿的块的图像帧，由此将恢复的图像帧输出到窗口接口34(S46)。
窗口接口34可以将输入的图像帧转换成适用于显示窗口36的相应格式，并由此将转换后的图像帧输出。显示窗口36可以显示输入的图像帧。例如，液晶显示器(LCD)可以用作显示窗口36。
如上所述，根据本发明实施例的图像帧的块差错补偿装置及其方法，可以对产生差错块重新确认是否存在差错生成，由此增强可靠性。
因此，根据本发明实施例的图像帧的块差错补偿装置及其方法，可以通过中值滤波器补偿产生块差错的图像帧，由此就能够补偿块差错而无需附加的存储器。
此外，根据本发明实施例的图像帧的块差错补偿装置及其方法，可以通过中值滤波器补偿产生块差错的图像帧，由此就能实时地补偿块差错。
由于本发明可以按几种形式体现而不背离其精神或基本特征，应理解，除非另外说明，上述实施例不受上述任何细节的限制，而是在所附权利要求书所限定的精神和范围内广泛限定，因此所附权利要求书的范围和边界或这种范围和边界的等效物内的所有变化和修改都旨在由所附权利要求书所支持。
上述实施例和优点仅仅是实例性的而不限制本发明。本发明可便于应用到其它类型的装置中。本发明的描述旨在是示意性的，而不限制权利要求书的范围。许多可选方案、修改和变化对于本技术领域内熟练的技术人员来说是显而易见的。在权利要求书中，装置加功能的短语旨在执行所述功能时覆盖所述结构且不仅是结构等效物还是等效结构。

Claims (1)

1、一种用于补偿图像帧的块差错的方法，所述方法包括：
获得当前块的邻近块的像素值；
获得所述当前块的像素值和所述邻近块的像素值之间的差值；
将所述差值和预定值进行比较；
基于所述当前块的像素值、所述邻近块的像素值和所述比较结果，生成所述当前块的补偿像素值。
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