CN101341265A - Separation of metal values in zinc leaching residues - Google Patents

Separation of metal values in zinc leaching residues Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101341265A
CN101341265A CNA2006800209006A CN200680020900A CN101341265A CN 101341265 A CN101341265 A CN 101341265A CN A2006800209006 A CNA2006800209006 A CN A2006800209006A CN 200680020900 A CN200680020900 A CN 200680020900A CN 101341265 A CN101341265 A CN 101341265A
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weight
aggregate
fuming
residue
described method
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毛里茨·范坎帕
查尔斯·格南
乔纳森·阿尔茨
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Umicore NV SA
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Umicore NV SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
    • C22B19/04—Obtaining zinc by distilling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
    • C22B19/30—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide from metallic residues or scraps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
    • C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
    • C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
    • C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
    • C22B5/16—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes with volatilisation or condensation of the metal being produced
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/001—Dry processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/001—Dry processes
    • C22B7/002—Dry processes by treating with halogens, sulfur or compounds thereof; by carburising, by treating with hydrogen (hydriding)
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the separation of metals in Fe-bearing zinc leaching residues, in particular neutral and weak acid leach residues. The process comprises the steps of: preparing agglomerates containing, besides the Zn leaching residue, at least 5 wt% of carbon and 2 to 10 wt% of S; fuming said agglomerates in a static bed at a temperature above 1250 DEG C, thereby producing a reduced Fe-bearing phase and Zn-bearing fumes; and extracting said Zn-bearing fumes. The high S content of the feed allows for a relatively high operating temperature without production of molten phases. This guarantees fast reduction and fuming kinetics, and permits the use of a compact technology such as a static bed furnace.

Description

The separation of valuable metal in the zinc leaching residues
Technical field
The present invention relates in the zinc leaching residues that carries iron, particularly leach separating metal in the residue in neutrality and weak acid.
Background technology
Zink sulphide is impure ZnS ore deposit, is the main raw material of producing Zn.Common industrial implementation comprises the oxidizing roasting step, produces ZnO with the vitriol of impurity or the ZnO of oxide compound.In subsequent step, by under neutrallty condition or solutions of weak acidity, leaching, the ZnO in the incinerating zink sulphide is incorporated in the solution, thereby produces the residue of Zn dilution, be called neutral residue and the weak acid leaching residue of leaching in this manual.These residues contain 2～10 weight %S usually, reach Zn, 35 weight %Fe, 7 weight %Pb and the 7 weight %SiO of 30 weight % 2
But, during calcining, the exemplary impurity Fe reaction that exists in part Zn and the zink sulphide, and form insoluble relatively ferrous acid zinc.Therefore, except that lead sulfate, calcium sulfate and other impurity, leach the Zn that residue contains quite big fractional wustite form.According to this enforcement, reclaim Zn from wustite and need use 50～200g/l H 2SO 4High acid concentration carry out specific hydrometallurgy residue treatment.The shortcoming of this acidic treatment is, except that Zn, dissolves nearly all Fe and also has other impurity such as As, Cu, Cd, Ni, Co, Tl, Sb.Because even these elements of lower concentration also disturb the follow-up electrowinning of Zn, so they must be removed from solution of zinc sulfate.Although Cu, Cd, Co, Ni and Tl can be by adding Zn powder precipitation, Fe is discarded as rhombohedral iron ore, jarosite or pyrrhosiderite by hydrolysis usually.Because the danger of washout of heavy metals, thus these years Fe residue must dispose at the landfill yard of well-controlled.But these residue landfills are subjected to serious environmental pressure, and the sustainability of this method can be queried.Another shortcoming of above-mentioned processing is to carry metal in the residue of Fe such as the loss of In, Ge, Ag and Zn.
The alternative processing of the residue of load iron hydrochlorate uses the Waelz rotary kiln to be applied in some factories, produces slag and the flue dust that contains Zn and Pb.This process prescription is at Iron and steelEngineer vol.73, No.4 is in the G.Strohmeier of 87-90 page or leaf and J.Bonestell " Steelworks residues and the Waelz kiln treatment of electric arc furnacedust ".In the Waelz rotary kiln, zinc enters with wustite and sulphate form, vaporization after the CO reduction that produces with combustion of coke.Iron at kiln is reduced in the reaction zone of metal, and the superheated problem usually takes place.In these cases, the charging fusing in the kiln also forms furnace accretion, and this mainly is to be about 1180 ℃ eutectic 2FeO.SiO2-FeO owing to form fusing point.The dissolving of FeO has further reduced fusing point, and by with in stage early by the combination of zinc sulfate reductive zinc sulphide, form the solid duricrust.Forming of the big ball that forms mutually as molten metal under about 1150 ℃, be made up of iron carbide further hindered the stove rotation.This causes the ZnO that formed by the reductive zinc ferrite and the reduction reduction of ferric oxide once more in the early stage of this stove.Superheated has been quickened the loss of lining brick in the kiln.In order to limit the danger of heating, by with CaO/SiO 2Than the value that is set at 0.8～1.8, must monitor the CaO/SiO in the materials closely 2Ratio.
Although described many Zn fuming methods,, document in recent years concentrates in the processing of the Fe secondary residues that contains Zn such as EAF dust.In this respect, the Waelz rotary kiln is very suitable, but its productivity still is subjected to the obstruction to superheated susceptibility.
A kind of method of separating and reclaim non-ferrous metal from the residue of zinc supported is disclosed in WO 2005-005674.This method comprises the steps: to make residue to experience direct reduction step, extracts the flue dust of load Zn and Pb, with the oxidizing semlting of the experience mutually step that makes the loaded metal Fe that obtains.Directly reduction is carried out in multiple hearth furnace, operates in the reduction zone under 1100 ℃.Using a shortcoming of such reduction furnace is that reduction kinetics is subjected to temperature limitation.But, in multiple hearth furnace, can not reach the temperature more than 1100 ℃.
JP 2004-107748 described a kind of in rotary hearth furnace up under 1250 ℃ the reduction temperature, handle the method for zinc leaching residues.The burner air ratio is set in the restricted portion.
At US 5,906, in 671, Zn factory leaches residue after the alkaline earth of aluminum oxide and silicon-dioxide and basic metal mixture and reductive agent are assembled, in rotary kiln up to handling under 1150 ℃ the temperature.
At US 5,667, in 553, in the mode identical with the EAF dust, the neutrality of thermal treatment zinc electrowinning leaches residue by-products in reduction furnace.
Summary of the invention
The separation method that the purpose of this invention is to provide the metal that contains in the zinc leaching residues of a kind of year Fe, this method does not have above-mentioned shortcoming.This method comprises the steps:
Preparation also contains the aggregate of at least 5 weight % carbon and 2～10 weight %S except that Zn leaches residue;
In fixed bed under the temperature more than 1250 ℃ the described aggregate of fuming, carry Fe mutually and carry the flue dust of Zn thereby produce reductive; With
Extract the flue dust of described year Zn.
Before the preparation aggregate, should preferably Zn be leached residue and be dried to less than 12 weight %H 2O or even less than 5 weight %H 2The water content of O.
Carbon content is less than 15 weight % in the preference aggregation body, and same, the CaO equivalent is less than 10 weight % or even less than 15 weight %.
Represent that with the quality pellet strength intensity of pelletizing should be preferably 5kg or even 10kg at least.This mode has been avoided dust to carry and prevented the fusion of charging better under high processing temperature.
Fuming should advantageously be carried out under at least 1300 ℃ temperature in containing the atmosphere of carbon monoxide.
This method is ideally suited handles neutrality or slightly acidic Zn leaching residue.
Method of the present invention can be carried out in rotary hearth furnace; Can choose wantonly and then carry out fusing and the oxide treatment that reductive carries the Fe phase.
Therefore, the component that may need to carry S is added in the residue, so that make the scope that its total S content reaches to be needed.Gypsum is typical additive in this case.Also can estimate to use the carbon source of rich S in this case.
As shown in the following examples, the high S content of materials can allow high relatively service temperature and not produce the fusion phase.Therefore, do not form the danger of furnace accretion at the discharge outlet of stove.High temperature has been guaranteed fast restore and fuming kinetics, and this allows to use compact type technology such as bed furnace.Such stove has kept the integrity of aggregate more, significantly avoided the generation of dust and limited flue dust with after stain.
Embodiment 1
The following example has illustrated the separation of the different non-ferrous metal that contains in the zink sulphide of calcining and leaching subsequently.
Will be mainly by zinc ferrite (ZnO.Fe 2O 3), lead sulfate (PbSO 4), calcium sulfate (CaSO 4), zinc sulfate (ZnSO 4) and picture CaO, SiO 2, MgO, Al 2O 3, Cu 2About 1000g weak acid leaching (WAL) residue that the impurity of O, SnO is formed is dried to and is lower than 5 weight %H 2The water content of O mixes with the CaO of 15 weight % or the gypsum of equivalent and the PET coke of 25 weight % purity＞85%C.This mixture passes through between 2 hydraulic rolls at 20kN/cm 2Pressure extrusion under it is compressed into briquette, produce the hard coal cake of light, have the quality pellet strength of 20kg.
In induction furnace, carry out the fuming step, to simulate the process that in rotary hearth furnace, takes place.Use has the Indutherm MU-3000 stove of peak power 15kW and 2000Hz frequency.The stove interior diameter is 180mm, and the plumbago crucible that carries briquette has the internal diameter of 140mm.
In the mode of crucible surface covering monolayer material, about 400g briquette is placed on the plumbago crucible bottom of cleaning.Then crucible is placed in the induction furnace, between briquette, installs and do not touch the detection thermopair of crucible bottom.Cover crucible with refractory slab.The metal of secondary combustion fuming above crucible is captured in the strainer with the form of cigarette ash.
As measuring with the Pt/PtRh10 thermopair that is installed between the briquette, reactor and material are heated to 1300 ℃.Until 600 ℃, heating is at the protection N of 200l/h gas flow rate 2Carry out under the atmosphere.From 600 ℃ to 1300 ℃, CO is injected crucible with the 200l/h flow velocity.
After reaching 1300 ℃, take out sample after 30 minutes.These samples are at liquid N 2Middle cancellation stops institute and responds and freezing these mineral.In table 1, provide the composition of materials and product.The element of product distributes and is presented in the table 2.
Table 1: the composition of materials and product
Figure A20068002090000081
Table 2: the element of product distributes
Figure A20068002090000082
Test-results clearly illustrates that after calcining 30 minutes, Zn, Pb and In go out from the briquette fuming effectively, and Fe, Cu, As and F are concentrated in the reductive residue.From handle the angle of flue dust subsequently with Wet-process metallurgy method, meaningful especially to the good selectivity of As and F.
Embodiment 2
This embodiment has illustrated the keying action of S in the briquette, because it is not losing under the selectivity, has avoided the softening and fusing of material during calcination process.
Use comprises and has 5 weight %SiO 2The synthetic of zinc ferrite do not have S zinc leaching residues and two kinds of mixtures of following ingredients preparation:
15 weight %CaO and 25 weight % levigated coke (mixture 1);
36.7 weight % gypsum and 25 weight % levigated coke (mixture 2).
Two kinds of mixtures are pressed into briquette, according to the program fuming of embodiment 1.
The briquette of corresponding mixture 1 only contains the 0.3 weight %S that has an appointment, and fusing occurs, and expression has formed picture 2FeO.SiO 2Low fusing phase.But the briquette of corresponding mixture 2 contains the 6.5 weight %S that have an appointment, and is indebted to the S that has q.s and the formation that does not show any such phase.

Claims (10)

1. the method for a separating valuable metals in the zinc leaching residues that carries Fe comprises the steps:
Preparation also contains the aggregate of at least 5 weight % carbon and 2～10 weight %S except that Zn leaches residue;
The described aggregate of fuming under the temperature in fixed bed more than 1250 ℃, thus the flue dust that reductive carries the Fe phase and carries Zn produced; With
Extract the flue dust of described year Zn.
2. the method for claim 1 further comprises step: before the step of preparation aggregate, Zn is leached residue be dried to less than 12 weight %H 2O is also preferably less than 5 weight %H 2The water content of O.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterised in that described aggregate comprises the carbon less than 15 weight %.
4. as each described method in the claim 1～3, be characterised in that described aggregate further comprises the Ca compound, thereby described compound provides the CaO equivalent of at least 10 weight % and preferred at least 15 weight % in described aggregate.
5. as each described method in the claim 1～4, be characterised in that described aggregate is to have the pelletizing of 5kg quality pellet strength at least, and preferably have the briquette of 10kg quality pellet strength at least.
6. as each described method in the claim 1～5, be characterised in that described fuming temperature is at least 1300 ℃.
7. as each described method in the claim 1～6, be characterised in that described fuming carries out in containing the atmosphere of carbon monoxide.
8. as each described method in the claim 1～7, be characterised in that it is that neutrality or slightly acidic Zn leach residue that described Zn leaches residue.
9. as each described method in the claim 1～8, be characterised in that described fuming step carries out in rotary hearth furnace.
10. as each described method in the claim 1～9, further comprise making reductive carry the step that Fe experiences the oxidizing semlting step mutually.
CNA2006800209006A 2005-06-13 2006-05-11 Separation of metal values in zinc leaching residues Pending CN101341265A (en)

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US (1) US20080196551A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1893779A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2008545888A (en)
KR (1) KR20080022545A (en)
CN (1) CN101341265A (en)
AU (1) AU2006257458A1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0612150A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2611925A1 (en)
EA (1) EA013690B1 (en)
MX (1) MX2007015812A (en)
NO (1) NO20080042L (en)
PE (1) PE20070088A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2006133777A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200710377B (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103103344A (en) * 2013-03-01 2013-05-15 中南大学 Dressing-smelting combined treatment method for sulfate-containing lead-zinc smelting slags
CN106119535A (en) * 2016-08-01 2016-11-16 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 Process the method and system of zinc leaching residue
CN106148682A (en) * 2016-08-01 2016-11-23 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 Process the method and system of zinc leaching residue
CN106399702A (en) * 2016-09-27 2017-02-15 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 Technology for recycling nonferrous metals in process of treating lead-zinc slag through rotary hearth furnace
CN106929667A (en) * 2017-03-13 2017-07-07 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 A kind of method for processing zinc leaching residue
CN107254586A (en) * 2017-06-20 2017-10-17 西部矿业股份有限公司 A kind of processing method of oxygen leaching mine tailings

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101979684B (en) * 2010-12-01 2012-02-29 中南大学 Process for recovering zinc from hot-dip coating zinc ash
RU2626371C1 (en) * 2016-09-05 2017-07-26 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Урал - рециклинг" Method of processing metallurgical production waste
CN114540628B (en) * 2022-01-20 2023-11-14 云南云铜锌业股份有限公司 Method for treating zinc-impregnated slag, zinc smelting gypsum slag and blast furnace gas ash

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EP1199373A1 (en) * 2000-10-17 2002-04-24 Universite Catholique De Louvain Agglomerates of and process for the treatment of metallurgical dust
US7815710B2 (en) * 2000-10-30 2010-10-19 Nippon Steel Corporation Metal oxide-containing green pellet for reducing furnace, method for production thereof, method of reduction thereof, and reduction facilities
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EP1641948B1 (en) * 2003-07-04 2007-06-13 Umicore Recovery of non-ferrous metals from zinc residues

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103103344A (en) * 2013-03-01 2013-05-15 中南大学 Dressing-smelting combined treatment method for sulfate-containing lead-zinc smelting slags
CN106119535A (en) * 2016-08-01 2016-11-16 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 Process the method and system of zinc leaching residue
CN106148682A (en) * 2016-08-01 2016-11-23 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 Process the method and system of zinc leaching residue
CN106399702A (en) * 2016-09-27 2017-02-15 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 Technology for recycling nonferrous metals in process of treating lead-zinc slag through rotary hearth furnace
CN106929667A (en) * 2017-03-13 2017-07-07 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 A kind of method for processing zinc leaching residue
CN107254586A (en) * 2017-06-20 2017-10-17 西部矿业股份有限公司 A kind of processing method of oxygen leaching mine tailings
CN107254586B (en) * 2017-06-20 2019-05-14 西部矿业股份有限公司 A kind of processing method of oxygen leaching mine tailings

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KR20080022545A (en) 2008-03-11
ZA200710377B (en) 2009-03-25
JP2008545888A (en) 2008-12-18
EA200800030A1 (en) 2008-12-30
CA2611925A1 (en) 2006-12-21
EA013690B1 (en) 2010-06-30
WO2006133777A1 (en) 2006-12-21
US20080196551A1 (en) 2008-08-21
NO20080042L (en) 2008-01-03
MX2007015812A (en) 2008-04-29
AU2006257458A1 (en) 2006-12-21
BRPI0612150A2 (en) 2016-09-06
PE20070088A1 (en) 2007-02-02

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