CN103103344A - Dressing-smelting combined treatment method for sulfate-containing lead-zinc smelting slags - Google Patents

Dressing-smelting combined treatment method for sulfate-containing lead-zinc smelting slags Download PDF

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CN103103344A
CN103103344A CN201310065266XA CN201310065266A CN103103344A CN 103103344 A CN103103344 A CN 103103344A CN 201310065266X A CN201310065266X A CN 201310065266XA CN 201310065266 A CN201310065266 A CN 201310065266A CN 103103344 A CN103103344 A CN 103103344A
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zinc
lead
smelting
sulfate
slag
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刘维
覃文庆
蔡练兵
刘三军
郑永兴
孔燕
罗虹霖
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Central South University
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Central South University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

Abstract

The invention discloses a dressing-smelting combined treatment method for sulfate-containing lead-zinc smelting slags, and belongs to the field of dressing and smelting. For solving the environmental problems caused by the difficult mineral dressing and recycling of lead sulfate and zinc sulfate containing materials and the stockpiling, percolation and leaching and the like of slag charges, the dressing-smelting combined treatment method for sulfate-containing lead-zinc smelting slags comprises the following steps: 1) drying: carrying out heating and drying treatment on slag charges; 2) roasting: adding a reducing agent into the dried slag charges so as to carry out reduction roasting; 3) after the roasting is completed, slowly cooling the slag charges, and after the temperature of the slag changes is reduced to below 200 DEG C, carrying out water quenching on the slag charges so as to obtain water-quenched slags; and 4) grinding and floatation: after the water-quenched slags are subjected to ore grinding and grading, taking a material with the particle size of less than 75 mu m and carrying out flotation separation on the material so as to obtain a lead concentrate and a zinc concentrate. According to the invention, the lead content of the obtained lead concentrate is more than 55%, and the recovery rate is more than 80%, the zinc content of the zinc concentrate is more than 35%, and the recovery rate is more than 75%; and the method disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of low treatment cost, no heavy metal pollution, and high lead and zinc metal recovery rates.

Description

A kind of containing sulfate lead and zinc smelting dreg selecting smelting combination treatment process
Technical field
The present invention relates to select the smelting field, be specially the reducing roasting of a kind of containing sulfate lead-zinc smelting slag charge, the selecting smelting combination treatment process of shrend after roasting material Slow cooling, ore grinding and flotation.
Background technology
Produce a large amount of leaded zinc leaching residues in zinc hydrometallurgy, the comprehensive utilization of copper cigarette ash and refining bismuth process, in these slags, plumbous zinc mainly exists with sulphate form.Due to existing plumbous zinc market collapse, processing cost is higher again, causes this type of slag to be processed mainly with the mode of storing up or sell at a bargain greatly.So, slag charge overstocks into the mountain, and plumbous zinc resource can not get effective utilization, and environmental problem is more and more outstanding, has restricted advancing of plumbous zinc industry.
Comprise mainly that for the existing treating method of containing sulfate lead and zinc smelting dreg directly returning to the collocation of pyrometallurgical smelting of lead system processes, by leaching, transform the directly various plumbous products of preparation and flotation process reclaim(ed) sulfuric acid lead.Because containing sulfate slag charge character fluctuation range is larger, blast furnace is had relatively high expectations to the lead skim material, causes most slag charge can not directly return to the collocation of pyrometallurgical smelting of lead system and processes.This type of slag charge of wet processing is existing take the preparation lead sulfate tribasic as main, but needs by complicated procedures of forming such as conversion, precipitation, selectivity leachings in production process, sodium sulfate circulation difficulty, and processing cost is higher.Single flotation process need add that a large amount of sodium sulphite activates lead sulfate, soak time is long, the flotation of lead concentrate grade is low, and the recovery difficulty of zinc causes the concentrate inferior quality, and metal recovery rate is lower, can not meet the need of market.
Summary of the invention
for existing zinc hydrometallurgy, produce the environmental pollution that a large amount of leaded zinc leaching residues brings in the comprehensive utilization of copper cigarette ash and refining bismuth process, wet method or pyrogenic process cost recovery are high, the large series of problems that waits of conventional beneficiation method recovery difficult, the present invention aims to provide the reducing roasting of a kind of containing sulfate lead and zinc smelting dreg, shrend after roasting material Slow cooling, the selecting smelting combination treatment process of ore grinding and flotation, at first the method dewaters slag charge, after drying treatment, make lead sulfate under reducing atmosphere, zinc is reduced to lead-zinc sulfide ore, shrend after Slow cooling, ore grinding and flotation, finally obtain high-quality lead sulfide and zinc sulfide concentrates.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of containing sulfate lead and zinc smelting dreg selecting smelting combination treatment process is characterized in, comprises the steps:
1) drying: slag charge is carried out heat drying process, drying temperature is 100 ℃~400 ℃, and be 0.5~3h time of drying, preliminary hydro-extraction;
2) roasting: carry out reducing roasting with adding reductive agent in the slag charge after preliminary hydro-extraction, maturing temperature is 400 ℃~950 ℃, reaction times 0.5h~4h, and concrete reaction equation is:
PbSO 4·xH 2O+4CO(g)=PbS+xH 2O+4CO 2(g) (1)
ZnSO 4·xH 2O+4CO(g)=ZnS+xH 2O+4CO 2(g) (2)
PbSO 4+4CO(g)=PbS+4CO 2(g) (3)
ZnSO 4+4CO(g)=ZnS+4CO 2(g) (4)
PbSO 4·xH 2O+2C=PbS+xH 2O+2CO 2(g) (5)
ZnSO 4·xH 2O+2C=ZnS+xH 2O+2CO 2(g) (6)
PbSO 4+2C=PbS+2CO 2(g) (7)
ZnSO 4+2C=ZnS+2CO 2(g) (8)
Wherein x is the number of crystal water, gets positive integer;
3) after reducing roasting finishes, pass into nitrogen or carbonic acid gas as shielding gas, carry out Slow cooling with the speed of 150 ℃/h~400 ℃/h, shrend gets Water Quenching Slag after temperature is down to below 200 ℃;
4) mill is floating: after Water Quenching Slag process ore grinding, classification, get the following material of-75 μ m by the floatation system flotation separation, obtain lead ore concentrate and zinc ore concentrate.
Described slag charge is the containing sulfate slag charge.
Be below the technical scheme of further improvement of the present invention:
Reductive agent of the present invention can be solid reductant, and this solid reductant is one or more of coke, carbon dust, brown coal or Graphite Powder 99, and the consumption of this solid reductant is 2~28% of slag charge weight, and the reduction reaction time is 1~3h.
Reductive agent of the present invention can also be gaseous reducing agent, and described gaseous reducing agent is one or more of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, producer gas, coke-oven gas.Further, contain in described gaseous reducing agent the CO volumetric concentration 3%~40%, H 2Volumetric concentration is 0.5%~8%, and CO and CO 2Volumetric concentration than 12%~50%, H 2With H 2O volumetric concentration ratio is 3%~20%, and all the other components are N 2And O 2
In step 4) in, described flotation separation is differential flotation or bulk flotation.
By said structure, described containing sulfate lead and zinc smelting dreg selecting smelting combination treatment process with slag charge dewater, after drying treatment, make lead sulfate, zinc be reduced to the sulfuration lead and zinc ores under reducing atmosphere, carry out shrend, ore grinding and flotation after Slow cooling, finally obtain high-quality lead sulfide and zinc sulfide concentrates; Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) drying: slag charge is carried out heat drying process, controlling temperature is 100~400 ℃, reaches the purpose of preliminary hydro-extraction.
(2) roasting: the vitriol slag charge after dewatering carries out selective reduction roasting, and reducing atmosphere can realize by adding solid reductant or passing into gaseous reducing agent.Solid reductant is one or more of coke, carbon dust, brown coal or Graphite Powder 99, and gaseous reducing agent is one or more of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, producer gas, coke-oven gas, and maturing temperature is 400~950 ℃, and the reaction times is 1~3h.
Adopt solid reductant in step (2), reducing atmosphere is adjusted by the reductive agent consumption, and consumption is 2~28% of slag charge weight.
Adopt gaseous reducing agent, need to obtain satisfy with the reducing gas burning mixed gas of following requirement, this gas contain the CO volumetric concentration 3%~40%, H 2Volumetric concentration is 0.5%~8%, and CO and CO 2Volumetric concentration than 12%~50%, H 2With H 2O volumetric concentration ratio is 3%~20%, and all the other components are N 2And O 2Slag charge is carried out reducing roasting, reaction times 0.5~4h under 400~950 ℃ in above-mentioned atmosphere.Following reaction occurs in reducing roasting process:
PbSO 4·xH 2O+4CO(g)=PbS+xH 2O+4CO 2(g) (1)
ZnSO 4·xH 2O+4CO(g)=ZnS+xH 2O+4CO 2(g) (2)
PbSO 4+4CO(g)=PbS+4CO 2(g) (3)
ZnSO 4+4CO(g)=ZnS+4CO 2(g) (4)
PbSO 4·xH 2O+2C=PbS+xH 2O+2CO 2(g) (5)
ZnSO 4·xH 2O+2C=ZnS+xH 2O+2CO 2(g) (6)
PbSO 4+2C=PbS+2CO2(g) (7)
ZnSO 4+2C=ZnS+2CO2(g) (8)
(3) does with nitrogen or carbonic acid gas the oxidation that shielding gas prevents artificial lead-zinc sulfide ore thing after roasting finishes, carry out Slow cooling, shrend after temperature is down to below 200 ℃ with the speed of 150 ℃/h~400 ℃/h.
(4) mill is floating: Water Quenching Slag through ore grinding, classification after, obtain the following material of-75 μ m, adopt differential flotation or bulk flotation separation process again after entering floatation system, finally obtain lead ore concentrate and zinc ore concentrate.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
A) maturing temperature is low, and flow process is shorter, and heavy metal free pollutes;
B) be subjected to the property effect of raw material less, plumbous zinc can pass through flotation separation, the lead ore concentrate of acquisition and
The zinc ore concentrate quality is better, and metal recovery rate is higher;
C) floating agent dosage is little, and floatation system is stable, processing ease, produce old low.
the present invention overcomes single ore dressing or metallurgical reclaim(ed) sulfuric acid is plumbous, the defective of zinc material, at low temperatures with lead, zinc vitriol optionally is converted into flotability artificial sulphide ores preferably, sulfide flotation isolation technique with routine reclaims them, the lead ore concentrate that obtains is leaded more than 55%, the rate of recovery is more than 80%, zinc ore concentrate contains zinc more than 35%, the rate of recovery is more than 75%, has processing cost low, heavy metal free pollutes, the high characteristics of plumbous zinc metal recovery rate, fundamentally solved the sulfur-bearing lead plumbate, difficulty is reclaimed in the ore dressing of zinc material, directly return to the homework burden of refining lead system heavy, directly the plumbous goods batch complexity of preparation and slag charge are stored up, the environmental problem that diafiltration and pouring brush etc. bring.
The present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Process object: contain lead skim in conventional flowsheet of wet zinc smelting.
The lead skim that contains in conventional flowsheet of wet zinc smelting is residue after zinc oxide fume dust leaches, and its main chemical compositions (mass percent) is: Pb35%, Zn8%, Fe10%, plumbous chemical and physical phase (mass percent) is: PbSO 430%, PbS4%, other 1%, the chemical and physical phase of zinc (mass percent) is: ZnSO 47%, ZnFe2O 41%.
Get the reduction test that this slag charge 200g carries out carbon monoxide; at first nitrogen protection is heated to 700 ℃; then passing into flow is that the 3.0L/min volume fraction is 10% carbon monoxide and 6.0L/min carbonic acid gas; soaking time is 1.5h; do shielding gas with nitrogen after roasting finishes and carry out Slow cooling, begin shrend when temperature is down to below 200 ℃.Then shrend material ore grinding carries out flotation test to-74 μ m, and finally obtaining plumbous grade is 58%, and the rate of recovery is that 82% lead ore concentrate and zinc grade are 40%, the zinc ore concentrate of the rate of recovery 80%.
Embodiment 2
Process object: the lead that hot acid produces in leaching-Yin slag.
The lead that hot acid produces in leaching-Yin slag is the residue after hot acid leaches concentrating and separating, and its main chemical compositions (mass percent) is: Pb40%, Zn6%, Fe28%, SiO 210%, plumbous chemical and physical phase (mass percent) is: PbSO 432%, PbS6%, other 2%, the chemical and physical phase of zinc (mass percent) is: ZnSO 45%, ZnFe 2O 41%.
Get this slag charge 200g and carry out the carbon reducing agent test, the coke powder with 5% fully mixes with breeze, begins after adding a cover to heat up, when rising to 600 ℃, temperature begins timing, soaking time is 2.0h, with the stove Slow cooling, begins shrend when temperature is down to below 200 ℃ after roasting finishes.Then shrend material ore grinding carries out flotation test to-74 μ m, and finally obtaining plumbous grade is 65%, and the rate of recovery is that 85% lead ore concentrate and zinc grade are 36%, the zinc ore concentrate of the rate of recovery 78%.
Embodiment 3
Process object: contain lead skim after copper metallurgy cigarette ash valuable metal extracts.
The lead skim that contains after copper metallurgy cigarette ash valuable metal extracts is byproduct after the valuable metals such as bismuth, zinc, cadmium, copper are extracted in the comprehensive utilization of copper metallurgy cigarette ash, its main chemical compositions (mass percent) is: Pb38%, Zn4%, Fe12%, Ag:200g/t, plumbous chemical and physical phase (mass percent) is: PbSO 432%, PbS6%, zinc is mainly zinc sulfate.
Get this slag charge 200g and carry out the carbon reducing agent test, the coke powder with 7% fully mixes with breeze, begins after adding a cover to heat up, when rising to 700 ℃, temperature begins timing, soaking time is 3.0h, and after roasting finishes, material with the stove Slow cooling, begins shrend when temperature is down to below 200 ℃.Then shrend material ore grinding carries out flotation test to-74 μ m, and finally obtaining plumbous grade is 60%, and the rate of recovery is 87%, and the lead ore concentrate of argentiferous 1500g/t and zinc grade are 35%, the zinc ore concentrate of the rate of recovery 75%.

Claims (5)

1. a containing sulfate lead and zinc smelting dreg selecting smelting combination treatment process, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) drying: slag charge is carried out heat drying process, drying temperature is 100 ℃~400 ℃, and be 0.5~3h time of drying, preliminary hydro-extraction;
2) roasting: carry out reducing roasting with adding reductive agent in the slag charge after preliminary hydro-extraction, maturing temperature is 400 ℃~950 ℃, reaction times 0.5h~4h, and concrete reaction equation is:
PbSO 4·xH 2O+4CO(g)=PbS+xH 2O+4CO 2(g) (1)
ZnSO 4·xH 2O+4CO(g)=ZnS+xH 2O+4CO 2(g) (2)
PbSO 4+4CO(g)=PbS+4CO 2(g) (3)
ZnSO 4+4CO(g)=ZnS+4CO 2(g) (4)
PbSO 4·xH 2O+2C=PbS+xH 2O+2CO 2(g) (5)
ZnSO 4·xH 2O+2C=ZnS+xH 2O+2CO 2(g) (6)
PbSO4+2C=PbS+2CO 2(g) (7)
ZnSO4+2C=ZnS+2CO 2(g) (8)
Wherein x is the number of crystal water, gets positive integer;
3) after reducing roasting finishes, pass into nitrogen or carbonic acid gas as shielding gas, carry out Slow cooling with the speed of 150 ℃/h~400 ℃/h, shrend gets Water Quenching Slag after temperature is down to below 200 ℃;
4) mill is floating: after Water Quenching Slag process ore grinding, classification, get the following material of-75 μ m by the floatation system flotation separation, obtain lead ore concentrate and zinc ore concentrate.
2. containing sulfate lead and zinc smelting dreg selecting smelting combination treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described reductive agent is solid reductant, this solid reductant is one or more of coke, carbon dust, brown coal or Graphite Powder 99, the consumption of this solid reductant is 2~28% of slag charge weight, and the reduction reaction time is 1~3h.
3. containing sulfate lead and zinc smelting dreg selecting smelting combination treatment process according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described reductive agent is gaseous reducing agent, and described gaseous reducing agent is one or more of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, producer gas, coke-oven gas.
4. containing sulfate lead and zinc smelting dreg selecting smelting combination treatment process according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in described gaseous reducing agent, contain the CO volumetric concentration 3%~40%, H 2Volumetric concentration is 0.5%~8%, and CO and CO 2Volumetric concentration than 12%~50%, H 2With H 2O volumetric concentration ratio is 3%~20%, and all the other components are N 2And O 2
5. containing sulfate lead and zinc smelting dreg selecting smelting combination treatment process according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 4) in, described flotation separation is differential flotation or bulk flotation.
CN201310065266XA 2013-03-01 2013-03-01 Dressing-smelting combined treatment method for sulfate-containing lead-zinc smelting slags Pending CN103103344A (en)

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Cited By (10)

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CN104785356A (en) * 2015-03-26 2015-07-22 云南永昌铅锌股份有限公司 Method and system for processing leaching residues of zinc hydrometallurgy
CN105925805A (en) * 2016-06-17 2016-09-07 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Lead-zinc ore smelting method
CN106076645A (en) * 2016-06-12 2016-11-09 葫芦岛锌业股份有限公司 A kind of whirlpool stove Water Quenching Slag reclaims gold, silver and the method for copper
CN106269213A (en) * 2016-10-19 2017-01-04 广东金宇环境科技有限公司 A kind of process technique of low-grade copper nickel electroplating sludge
CN106947871A (en) * 2017-03-10 2017-07-14 昆明理工大学 A kind of leaded zinc sulfate slag charge reinforcing sulfide flotation reclaims lead zinc method
CN107012328A (en) * 2017-03-10 2017-08-04 昆明理工大学 A kind of high ferro zinc leaching residue clean utilization method
CN108149024A (en) * 2018-02-25 2018-06-12 中南大学 A kind of method of leaded slag charge fluidization conversion
CN108374093A (en) * 2018-03-08 2018-08-07 蒋央芳 A kind of processing method of sulfide removal of impurities slag
CN111495582A (en) * 2020-04-27 2020-08-07 汉源县伟业环保科技有限公司 Method for preparing dense medium powder by using lead-zinc smelting water-quenched slag
CN113278791A (en) * 2021-05-17 2021-08-20 黄石市泓义城市矿产资源产业研究院有限公司 Lead-zinc sulfate harmless treatment device and method

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CN101824543A (en) * 2010-05-27 2010-09-08 中南大学 Method for sulfidizing heavy metal waste and recovering valuable metals in heavy metal waste

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104785356A (en) * 2015-03-26 2015-07-22 云南永昌铅锌股份有限公司 Method and system for processing leaching residues of zinc hydrometallurgy
CN106076645A (en) * 2016-06-12 2016-11-09 葫芦岛锌业股份有限公司 A kind of whirlpool stove Water Quenching Slag reclaims gold, silver and the method for copper
CN105925805A (en) * 2016-06-17 2016-09-07 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Lead-zinc ore smelting method
CN106269213A (en) * 2016-10-19 2017-01-04 广东金宇环境科技有限公司 A kind of process technique of low-grade copper nickel electroplating sludge
CN106269213B (en) * 2016-10-19 2017-05-31 广东金宇环境科技有限公司 A kind of handling process of low-grade cupro-nickel electroplating sludge
CN106947871A (en) * 2017-03-10 2017-07-14 昆明理工大学 A kind of leaded zinc sulfate slag charge reinforcing sulfide flotation reclaims lead zinc method
CN107012328A (en) * 2017-03-10 2017-08-04 昆明理工大学 A kind of high ferro zinc leaching residue clean utilization method
CN108149024A (en) * 2018-02-25 2018-06-12 中南大学 A kind of method of leaded slag charge fluidization conversion
CN108374093A (en) * 2018-03-08 2018-08-07 蒋央芳 A kind of processing method of sulfide removal of impurities slag
CN108374093B (en) * 2018-03-08 2019-08-13 蒋央芳 A kind of processing method of sulfide removal of impurities slag
CN111495582A (en) * 2020-04-27 2020-08-07 汉源县伟业环保科技有限公司 Method for preparing dense medium powder by using lead-zinc smelting water-quenched slag
CN113278791A (en) * 2021-05-17 2021-08-20 黄石市泓义城市矿产资源产业研究院有限公司 Lead-zinc sulfate harmless treatment device and method

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Application publication date: 20130515