CN101338388B - Method for preparing foamed aluminium and aluminum alloy by secondary foaming with novel blowing agent - Google Patents
Method for preparing foamed aluminium and aluminum alloy by secondary foaming with novel blowing agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN101338388B CN101338388B CN2008101245814A CN200810124581A CN101338388B CN 101338388 B CN101338388 B CN 101338388B CN 2008101245814 A CN2008101245814 A CN 2008101245814A CN 200810124581 A CN200810124581 A CN 200810124581A CN 101338388 B CN101338388 B CN 101338388B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the preparation field of foaming metal and discloses a method for adopting the secondary foaming behavior of a novel foaming agent to prepare a foamed aluminum and an aluminum alloy; the steps include: 1, heating the aluminum or the aluminum alloy until smelting and preserving the temperature for 30min under the temperature of 660 to 720 DEG C, adding the powder of lime carbonate accounting for 0.5 to 3.0 percent of the weight portions of an aluminum liquor and stirring for 5 to 15 min with a rotating speed of 400 to 600rpm; 2, adding the powder of lime carbonate accounting for 0.5 to 4.0 percent of the weight portions of the aluminum liquor and after stirring for 3 to 7 min with a rotating speed of 700 to 1200rpm, quickly cooling and shaping; the hole rate is lower than that of the spherical hole foamed aluminum of 65 percent or an alloy blank; 3, preserving the temperature of the spherical hole foamed aluminum blank for 10 to 15min under the temperature of 300 to 570 DEG C; 4, arranging the spherical hole foamed aluminum blank into a die and leading the lime carbonate in the blank to be secondarily decomposed by heat under the temperature range of 810 to950 DEG C to generate the secondary foaming behavior and to be fasted cooled to obtain the foam, the aluminum and the product of the product of the irregular-shaped part of the aluminum alloy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of closed-cell aluminum foam and foam aluminium alloy, especially a kind of method that adopts foaming agent to prepare foamed aluminium and foam aluminium alloy by secondary foamization.
Background technology
Foamed aluminium and aluminium alloy are a kind of novel aluminium based metal materials that contains a large amount of even closed holes, because its unique physical structure, has lightweight (ρ＜1), high specific strength and specific rigidity, possess simultaneously multifrequency natures such as sound insulation, heat insulation, fire-retardant, damping, impact energy absorption and electromagnetic shielding again, realized the lightweight multifunction of structured material, thereby be with a wide range of applications.Because in high-tech sectors such as space flight and aviation, foamed aluminium and alloy abnormal member have become the forward position focus of international material research as super light material, the flux foaming method is difficult to the preparation abnormal member, and powder metallurgy prepares the foamed aluminium abnormal member and then has cost height, the unsettled shortcoming of technology.Conventional foam aluminium adopts titanium hydride as whipping agent, its advantage is a technical maturity, gas production rate is big, 340 ℃ promptly begin to decompose, decompose more than 400 ℃ obviously, bubble formation is rapid in molten aluminium (660 ℃), but it is at high temperature extremely unstable, therefore the titanium hydride whipping agent need carry out physical grinding before use, heated oxide, gel parcel, artificial Passivation Treatment such as metal parcel, its treatment technology requires high, and processing parameter is difficult to be grasped, and has further increased production cost, during especially for preparation secondary foam aluminium and aluminum alloy blank, burning and decomposition seriously are difficult to control, and the titanium hydride that is difficult to guaranteed capacity remains in and causes the secondary foam failure in the blank, consider that therefore employing carbonate prepares foamed aluminium as whipping agent and aluminium alloy has the important application prospect.
Summary of the invention
Characteristics at existing foamed aluminium and aluminium alloy the invention discloses a kind of method that adopts secondary foaming with novel blowing agentization to prepare foamed aluminium and aluminium alloy.
The first step: aluminium or aluminium alloy are heated to fusing, and, add the calcium carbonate powders that accounts for aluminium or aluminum alloy melt massfraction 0.5～3.0%, stir 5～15min with 400～600rpm rotating speed at 660～720 ℃ of insulation 30min;
Second step: adding accounts for aluminium or aluminum alloy melt massfraction 0.5～4.0% calcium carbonate powders, rotating speed 700～1200rpm, churning time 3～7min stop the back in 40s rapidly cooling form porosity between 30～65% spherical pore foamed aluminium or alloy billet;
The 3rd step: above-mentioned spherical pore foam aluminium alloy blank is incubated 10～15min in 300～570 ℃ of scopes;
The 4th goes on foot: above-mentioned spherical pore foam aluminium alloy blank is put in makes lime carbonate secondary thermolysis generation secondary foamization in the blank in the mould in 810～950 ℃ of scopes, obtain foamed aluminium and aluminium alloy abnormal member goods by being water-cooled to the room temperature cooling in the 30s.Described foam aluminum or aluminum alloy can be a fine aluminium, a kind of in aluminum-copper alloy, aluminum silicon alloy, magnalium, the aluminium-zinc alloy.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. the present invention adopts lime carbonate to prepare foamed aluminium and aluminium alloy abnormal member as the method for whipping agent, it is higher that calcium carbonate reaction decomposes warm area, only prepare in the blank process at foamed aluminium and can decompose a few part, more lime carbonate can stir 5～15min and 700～1200rpm by 400～600rpm and stir 3～7min, two steps and be evenly distributed in foamed aluminium and the aluminum alloy blank so that secondary foamization.
2. the present invention adopts lime carbonate to prepare foamed aluminium and aluminium alloy abnormal member as the method for whipping agent, exists in the melt and generates multiple solid phase particles such as Al
2O
3, Al
4C
3Deng becoming foam heterogeneous nucleation core, be suspended in the viscosity that has improved melt in the melt, strengthened foamy stability, make a large amount of micro-bubbles be formed spherical pore foamed aluminium or aluminum alloy blank.
CaCO in preparation process
3Following reaction mainly takes place with molten aluminium:
CaCO
3[s]＝CaO[s]+CO
2[g]
6Al[l]+3CO
2[g]＝Al
2O
3[s]+Al
4C
3[s]
8Al[l]+3CO
2[g]＝2Al
2O
3[s]+Al
4C
3[s]
3. the present invention adopts carbonate to prepare foamed aluminium as the method for whipping agent and aluminium alloy abnormal member lime carbonate whipping agent price is more cheap, and preparation, convenient storage help suitability for industrialized production.
4. the present invention adopts lime carbonate to prepare foamed aluminium and aluminium alloy abnormal member as the method for whipping agent, and lime carbonate decomposes generation CO
2Relatively safe, originally the titanium hydride whipping agent that adopts produces then detonation easily of hydrogen.
5. the present invention adopts lime carbonate to prepare foamed aluminium and aluminium alloy abnormal member as the method for whipping agent, and the lime carbonate Heat stability is good just may decompose more than 830～1000 ℃ fully, and the secondary foam temperature of this and foamed aluminium and alloy is more mated.Under this temperature, CaCO in the secondary foam process
3That fully decomposes, produces fills type motivating force maximum, helps the formation of abnormal member.With respect to traditional whipping agent TiH
2, CaCO
3Whipping agent also can obtain porosity close and even flawless spherical pore foamed aluminium or aluminum alloy blank under the situation that consumption does not significantly increase, owing to contain a large amount of still undecomposed CaCO in the blank
3, CaCO in the secondary foam process
3Decompose the motivating force that produces second time of foaming once more, form abnormal member.
7. the present invention adopts lime carbonate to prepare foamed aluminium and aluminium alloy abnormal member as the method for whipping agent, the blank of preparation be under 300～570 ℃ of temperature insulation that foamed aluminium and alloy billet are heated up is faster to reach the secondary foam temperature, make blank in the secondary foam process, keep higher solid rate (〉 74%) decompose the generation escape of gas to prevent lime carbonate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 makes whipping agent prepares the foamed aluminosilicate alloy abnormal member by the secondary foam method sectional view for adopting lime carbonate.
Fig. 2 is for adopting lime carbonate as whipping agent, and porosity is 61% spherical pore foam aluminium alloy blank, and undecomposed as seen from the figure lime carbonate is evenly distributed in the foam aluminium alloy blank.
Fig. 3 is whipping agent lime carbonate and titanium hydride intensification thermolysis outgas rational curve, and lime carbonate whipping agent air output is far below titanium hydride whipping agent air output as seen from the figure.
Embodiment
The invention discloses a kind of method that adopts secondary foaming with novel blowing agentization to prepare foamed aluminium and aluminium alloy.
The first step: aluminium or aluminium alloy are heated to fusing, and at 660～720 ℃ of insulation 30min, holding temperature can be 660 ℃, 680 ℃ or 720 ℃; Adding the calcium carbonate powders that accounts for aluminium or aluminum alloy melt massfraction 0.5～3.0%, can be 0.5%, 1.8% or 3.0%; Stirring 5～15min with 400～600rpm rotating speed, can be 400rpm, 500rpm or 600rpm, and churning time can be 5min, 12min or 15min;
Second step: adding accounts for aluminium or aluminum alloy melt massfraction 0.5～4.0% calcium carbonate powders, can be 0.5%, 2.1% or 4.0%; Rotating speed 700～1200rpm, rotating speed are 700rpm, 950rpm or 1200rpm; Churning time 3～7min can be 3min, 5min or 7min; Stop the back in 40s rapidly cooling form porosity between 30～65% spherical pore foamed aluminium or alloy billet;
The 3rd step: above-mentioned spherical pore foam aluminium alloy blank is incubated 10～15min in 300～570 ℃ of scopes, holding temperature can be 300 ℃, 410 ℃ or 570 ℃, and soaking time can be 10min, 11min or 15min;
The 4th goes on foot: above-mentioned spherical pore foam aluminium alloy blank is put in makes lime carbonate secondary thermolysis generation secondary foamization in the blank in the mould in 810～950 ℃ of scopes, temperature can be 810 ℃, 870 ℃, 950 ℃; Obtain foamed aluminium and aluminium alloy abnormal member goods by being water-cooled to the room temperature cooling in the 30s.Described foam aluminum or aluminum alloy can be a fine aluminium, a kind of in aluminum-copper alloy, aluminum silicon alloy, magnalium, the aluminium-zinc alloy.
The preparation of 1 one kinds of foamed aluminium abnormal members of embodiment
The first step: aluminium is heated to fusing, and, adds the calcium carbonate powders that accounts for aluminium liquid massfraction 0.5～3.0%, stir 5～15min with 400～600r/min rotating speed at 660～720 ℃ of insulation 30min;
Second step: add the calcium carbonate powders that accounts for aluminium liquid massfraction 0.5～4.0%, rotating speed 700～1200r/min, churning time 3.0～7.0min stop the back and be lower than 65% spherical pore foamed aluminium blank by being water-cooled to room temperature formation porosity in 40s;
The 3rd step: above-mentioned spherical pore foamed aluminium blank is incubated 10～15min in 300～570 ℃ of scopes;
The 4th goes on foot: above-mentioned spherical pore foamed aluminium blank is put in makes lime carbonate secondary thermolysis generation secondary foamization in the blank in the mould in 810～950 ℃ of scopes, obtain foamed aluminium abnormal member goods by being water-cooled to room temperature in 30s.
The preparation of 2 one kinds of foamed aluminosilicate alloy abnormal members of embodiment
The first step: aluminum silicon alloy is heated to fusing, and, adds the calcium carbonate powders that accounts for aluminum silicon alloy liquid massfraction 0.5～3.0%, stir 5～15min with 400～600r/min rotating speed at 660～720 ℃ of insulation 30min;
Second step: adding accounts for aluminum silicon alloy liquid massfraction 00.5～4.0% calcium carbonate powders, rotating speed 700～1200r/min, churning time 3.0～7.0min stop the back and be lower than 65% spherical pore foamed aluminosilicate alloy blank by being water-cooled to room temperature formation porosity in 40s;
The 3rd step: above-mentioned spherical pore foamed aluminosilicate alloy blank is incubated 10～15min in 300～570 ℃ of scopes;
The 4th step: above-mentioned spherical pore foamed aluminosilicate alloy blank is put in makes in the mould in the blank that the thermolysis of lime carbonate secondary produces secondary foamization in 810～950 ℃ of scopes, in 30s, obtain foamed aluminosilicate alloy abnormal member goods by being water-cooled to room temperature.
The preparation of 3 one kinds of foamed aluminium copper alloys of embodiment abnormal member
The first step: aluminum-copper alloy is heated to fusing, and, adds the calcium carbonate powders that accounts for aluminum-copper alloy liquid massfraction 1.0～4.0%, stir 5～15min with 400～600r/min rotating speed at 660～720 ℃ of insulation 30min;
Second step: adding accounts for aluminum-copper alloy liquid massfraction 0.5～4.0% calcium carbonate powders, rotating speed 700～1200r/min, churning time 3.0～7.0min stop the back, and to form porosity be 30% spherical pore foamed aluminium copper alloy blank by being water-cooled to room temperature in 40s;
The 3rd step: above-mentioned spherical pore foamed aluminium copper alloy blank is incubated 10～15min in 300～570 ℃ of scopes;
The 4th goes on foot: above-mentioned spherical pore foamed aluminium copper alloy blank is put in makes lime carbonate secondary thermolysis generation secondary foamization in the blank in the mould in 760～950 ℃ of scopes, obtain foamed aluminium copper alloy abnormal member goods by being water-cooled to room temperature in 30s.
The preparation of 4 one kinds of foamed aluminium magnesium alloy of embodiment abnormal member
The first step: aluminum magnesium alloy is heated to fusing, and, adds the calcium carbonate powders that accounts for aluminum magnesium alloy liquid massfraction 0.5～3.0%, stir 5～15min with 400～600r/min rotating speed at 660～720 ℃ of insulation 30min;
Second step: adding accounts for aluminum magnesium alloy liquid massfraction 0.5～4.0% calcium carbonate powders, rotating speed 700～1200r/min, churning time 3.0～7.0min stop the back, and to form porosity be 45% spherical pore foamed aluminium magnesium alloy blank by being water-cooled to room temperature in 40s;
The 3rd step: above-mentioned spherical pore foamed aluminium magnesium alloy blank is incubated 10～15min in 300～570 ℃ of scopes;
The 4th step: above-mentioned spherical pore foamed aluminium magnesium alloy blank is put in makes in the mould in the blank that the thermolysis of lime carbonate secondary produces secondary foamization in 810～950 ℃ of scopes, in 30s, obtain foamed aluminium magnesium alloy abnormal member goods by being water-cooled to room temperature.
The preparation of 5 one kinds of foamed aluminium zinc alloys of embodiment abnormal member
The first step: aluminium-zinc alloy is heated to fusing, and, adds the calcium carbonate powders that accounts for aluminium-zinc alloy liquid massfraction 0.5～3.0%, stir 5～15min with 400～600r/min rotating speed at 660～720 ℃ of insulation 30min;
Second step: adding accounts for aluminium-zinc alloy liquid massfraction 0.5～4.0% calcium carbonate powders, rotating speed 700～1200r/min, churning time 3.0～7.0min stop the back, and to form porosity be 65% spherical pore foamed aluminium zinc alloy blank by being water-cooled to room temperature in 40s;
The 3rd step: above-mentioned spherical pore foamed aluminium zinc alloy blank is incubated 10～15min in 300～570 ℃ of scopes;
The 4th step: above-mentioned spherical pore foamed aluminium zinc alloy blank made in mould in the blank thermolysis of lime carbonate secondary produces secondary foamization in 810～950 ℃ of scopes, in 30s, obtain foamed aluminium zinc alloy abnormal member goods by being water-cooled to room temperature.
Claims (2)
1. method that adopts secondary foaming with novel blowing agentization to prepare foamed aluminium and foam aluminium alloy is characterized in that:
The first step: aluminium or aluminium alloy are heated to fusing, and, add the calcium carbonate powders that accounts for aluminum or aluminum alloy liquid massfraction 0.5～3.0%, stir 5～15min with 400～600rpm rotating speed at 660～720 ℃ of insulation 30min;
Second step: add the calcium carbonate powders that accounts for aluminum or aluminum alloy liquid massfraction 0.5～4.0%, 660～720 ℃ of temperature, rotating speed 700～1200rpm, stop after stirring 3～7min, to form porosity be 30～65% spherical pore foamed aluminium or foam aluminium alloy blank by being water-cooled to room temperature in the 40s;
The 3rd step: above-mentioned spherical pore foamed aluminium or foam aluminium alloy blank are incubated 10～15min in 300～570 ℃ of scopes;
The 4th step: above-mentioned spherical pore foamed aluminium or foam aluminium alloy blank be put in be warmed up to 810～950 ℃ in the mould and make that the thermolysis of lime carbonate secondary produces secondary foamization in the blank, 30s internal cooling to room temperature obtains foamed aluminium or foam aluminium alloy abnormal member goods.
2. employing secondary foaming with novel blowing agentization according to claim 1 prepares the method for foamed aluminium and foam aluminium alloy, it is characterized in that described aluminium is fine aluminium, and described aluminium alloy is a kind of in aluminum-copper alloy, aluminum silicon alloy, magnalium, the aluminium-zinc alloy.
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| CN2008101245814A CN101338388B (en) | 2008-08-26 | 2008-08-26 | Method for preparing foamed aluminium and aluminum alloy by secondary foaming with novel blowing agent |
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| CN2008101245814A CN101338388B (en) | 2008-08-26 | 2008-08-26 | Method for preparing foamed aluminium and aluminum alloy by secondary foaming with novel blowing agent |
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| CN101338388A CN101338388A (en) | 2009-01-07 |
| CN101338388B true CN101338388B (en) | 2011-04-20 |
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Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU2444417C1 (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2012-03-10 | Владимир Сергеевич Колеров | Method of producing article from foamed aluminium-based composite material |
| CN101984103B (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2012-05-23 | 南昌航空大学 | Method for preparing foam magnesium alloy from magnesite by secondary foaming |
| CN103757459B (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2016-06-08 | 河海大学 | A kind of technique preparing small pore diameter foamed aluminium without tackifying fusant foaming |
| CN105886852B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2018-05-08 | 东南大学 | A kind of aluminium copper silicon kirsite foam and preparation method thereof |
| CN106167858B (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-11-21 | 郑州峰泰纳米材料有限公司 | The method that secondary foaming prepares foam aluminium alloy |
| CN106399741A (en) * | 2016-10-02 | 2017-02-15 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for sintering and preparing 7-series foam aluminum alloy material through pore-forming agent method |
| CN106381413A (en) * | 2016-10-02 | 2017-02-08 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for preparing 5-series foam aluminum alloy material through pore forming agent method |
| CN106750283A (en) * | 2016-12-25 | 2017-05-31 | 常州创索新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of foamed aluminium modified polyaniline composite wave-suction material |
| CN107012351A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-08-04 | 胡毅森 | The foamed aluminium foamed system and technique of a kind of use screw sleeve stirring shaping foam |
| CN108149049A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-12 | 安徽宝辰机电设备科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method for welding cabinet foam aluminium alloy |
| CN108715981B (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2019-11-19 | 界首万昌新材料技术有限公司 | A kind of chair lift back support foamed aluminium and preparation method thereof |
| CN111434788B (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2021-10-19 | 杨怡虹 | Production and preparation method of composite foamed aluminum material |
| CN115161507B (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2023-09-01 | 张勇 | Method for preparing foamed aluminum material by taking calcium carbonate as seepage particles and foamed aluminum material |
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