CN100439526C - Foamed aluminium and aluminum alloy tackifying foaming preparation method - Google Patents
Foamed aluminium and aluminum alloy tackifying foaming preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100439526C CN100439526C CNB2007100248971A CN200710024897A CN100439526C CN 100439526 C CN100439526 C CN 100439526C CN B2007100248971 A CNB2007100248971 A CN B2007100248971A CN 200710024897 A CN200710024897 A CN 200710024897A CN 100439526 C CN100439526 C CN 100439526C
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- aluminium
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Abstract
The viscosity increasing and foaming process for preparing foamed aluminum or aluminum alloy includes the following steps: compounding water solution of sulfate or fluoride salt; adding carbonate powder via stirring, stoving and powdering the mixture; mixing carbonate powder and titanium hydride powder; heating aluminum or aluminum alloy to melt; adding carbonate powder or compound foaming agent powder via stirring; maintaining in the furnace; and fast water cooling to solidify after growing to reach the required size. The process can form spherical pores in the foamed aluminum or aluminum alloy.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to the manufacture method of a kind of closed pore porous foam aluminium and aluminium alloy, relate in particular to the tackifying foaming preparation method of foamed aluminium and aluminium alloy.
Two, background technology
Prior art: foam melt method is simple because of equipment, and production cost is cheap relatively, is to produce the first-selected technology of closed-cell foam aluminium at present.Traditional foamed aluminium foam melt method preparation technology all adopts viscosity increaser such as calcium, silicon carbide, alumina powder, aluminium powder etc. that molten aluminum liquid is increased glutinous the processing, add special-purpose foaming agent titanium hydride etc. then, the whipping agent decomposes discharges gas and produce bubble in melt, methods such as utilization stirring are distributed in the metallic matrix bubble even dispersion, and cooling back hole is stranded in the preparation method that metal inside forms foamed metal.Metal melt increase glutinous, finish in two the relatively independent processes that foam, but viscosity increaser, the whipping agent cost of preparation or purchase are higher specially, undressed titanium hydride promptly begins to decompose at 340 ℃, decompose obviously more than 400 ℃, bubble formation is rapid in molten aluminium (660 ℃), and grows up rapidly, floats or broken, merging, the distortion of pore mutual extrusion makes the homogeneity and the difficult control of consistence of pore structure.Therefore the titanium hydride whipping agent need carry out physical grinding before use, heated oxide, and the gel parcel, artificial Passivation Treatment such as metal parcel, its treatment technology requires high, and processing parameter is difficult to be grasped, and has further increased production cost.Therefore be necessary to seek the novel tackifying foaming preparation method of foamed aluminium, to produce the yield rate height, porous nickel, controlled porosity, the foamed aluminium material that production cost is lower.
Three, summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: provide the preparation method of a kind of closed pore small-bore spherical pore foamed aluminium and aluminium alloy, to produce the yield rate height, porous nickel, controlled porosity, the foamed aluminium material that production cost is lower.
Technical solution of the present invention is: the tackifying foaming preparation method of a kind of foamed aluminium and aluminium alloy, and step of preparation process is: the preparation mass concentration is 5～15% the vitriol or the water-soluble salt solution of fluoride salt, stirs it is fully dissolved; Add the carbonate powder that accounts for quality mark 30～80% in above-mentioned salts solution, put into oven for drying after fully stirring, the gained mixture pulverizes and is Powdered after will drying, and is standby; Get a certain amount of carbonate powder,, mix to wherein adding the titanium hydride powders that accounts for carbonate massfraction 2～15%, standby; Fine aluminium or aluminium alloy aluminium ingot are heated to 665～700 ℃, are incubated to aluminium ingot and melt fully, temperature of aluminum liquid is uniform and stable; Add the carbonate powder that accounts for aluminium liquid massfraction 1.0%～2.0%, stir 5～10min with 300～500r/min rotating speed; Add and account for the carbonate powder of aluminium liquid massfraction 1.0%～3.0% treated mistake or account for the composite foamable agent powder that aluminium liquid massfraction 1.0%～3.0% was handled, rotating speed 800～1200r/min, churning time 1.5～5.0min; Stop to stir insulation 15～150s in the stove of back, foamed aluminium is slowly grown; For preventing collapse of pore structure, come out of the stove rapidly when growing to and adopt multidirectional water-cooling system cooling to solidify near target size.Vitriol is sodium sulfate, and fluoride salt is a Sodium Fluoride.Carbonate is lime carbonate or Calcium hydrogen carbonate.
The beneficial effect that the present invention produces is: Fig. 1 is the intensification thermolysis outgas rational curve of tackifying foaming agent and traditional whipping agent titanium hydride, and the whipping agent air output is far below titanium hydride.But with respect to traditional whipping agent, whipping agent also can obtain the close and even flawless foamed aluminium goods of porosity under the situation that consumption does not significantly increase, and is mainly small-bore spherical pore foamed aluminium.Major cause has following several respects: 1. viscosity increaser of Jia Ruing and whipping agent reaction decomposes warm area are higher, prepare in the warm area at foamed aluminium and can not decompose fully, exist in the melt and generate multiple solid phase particles such as Al
2O
3, Al
4C
3Deng becoming foam heterogeneous nucleation core, be suspended in the viscosity that has improved melt in the melt, strengthened foamy stability, a large amount of micro-bubbles are formed, and under in the molten aluminium mucus of high-speed stirring, retaining.And traditional whipping agent acutely decomposes (Passivation Treatment also head it off) fully at a terrific speed in aluminium liquid, and it is huge to decompose the hydrogen and the molten aluminium difference in specific gravity that produce, and gas breakings are selected or combined and lose with oxygen element in a large number in whipping process; 2. whipping agent thermostability height decomposes gently, makes whipping agent abundant mixing in aluminum substrate so can prolong churning time; Simply effective to lime carbonate heat treatment of foaming agent method.3. the gas property of whipping agent decomposition generation is stablized but can be partially dissolved in the aluminum substrate, and bubble inner pressure is reduced, and keeps minimum surface energy form, formation small-bore foam, the difficult distortion, thereby formation spherical pore.
Adopt CaCO
3Deng foaming technique and existing TiH
2The foaming technique contrast has following advantage:
1.TiH
2Price is high, preparation difficulty, carbonate such as CaCO
3Cheap, preparation, convenient storage.
2.TiH
2Poor heat stability promptly takes place more than 400 ℃ obviously to decompose, and need carry out physical grinding, heated oxide, gel parcel, the artificial Passivation Treatment that metal parcel etc. are complicated, its processing parameter, technology are difficult to be grasped, even adopt same treatment process, and the TiH that different batches is handled
2Foam performance, homogeneity all have difference.CaCO in the carbonate
3Whipping agent then need not to carry out to handle any early stage, or only need carry out simple process.
3.TiH
2Decomposes is violent, and bubble formation is rapid, and grow up rapidly, merging, fragmentation, distortion of pore mutual extrusion or UNICOM make the foamed aluminium pore structure be Polygons.CaCO
3Decomposes is mild, and bubble is evenly independent, is difficult for UNICOM or distortion, and pore structure mostly is spherical (mechanics of spherical pore and solidity to corrosion are good than the irregular polygon hole).
4.TiH
2It is inflammable to decompose the hydrogen that produces, CaCO
3Decompose and produce CO
2Then safer.
5.CaCO
3Heat stability is good, 850 ℃ just may be decomposed more than-1000 ℃ fully, and this is for adopting CaCO
3Prepare other high-melting-point foamed metal, providing as blister steel, foam copper etc. may.
6. compare the present invention with current techique and be more suitable for preparing low porosity small-bore spherical pore foam aluminum or aluminum alloy, the former also can form said structure, but the control techniques difficulty is big, the cost height.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the intensification thermolysis outgas rational curve of several different whipping agents; Main foaming agent is a lime carbonate, and whipping agent 2 is a magnesiumcarbonate;
The CaCO of Fig. 2 same amount
3Under identical stirring velocity, time conditions, increase glutinous twisting moment diagram with Ca;
Fig. 3 is the foamed aluminium pore structure optical photograph that adopts the preparation of lime carbonate whipping agent, and for strengthening contrast, hole is through special processing among the figure;
Fig. 4 is the foamed aluminium sample in cross section photo that adopts the tackifying foaming method to produce.
Five, embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Aluminium ingot is heated to 670 ℃, is incubated to aluminium ingot and melts fully, add mass percent and be 1.5% lime carbonate viscosity increaser, stir, increase glutinous to default viscosity with the 400r/min rotating speed.For making the abundant mixing of viscosity increaser, determine churning time according to the torque meter reading, be generally 5～10min, add the lime carbonate blowing agent powder of handling through sodium sulfate then, (add 10g sodium sulfate in the 100mL water and be mixed with the aqueous solution, adding the 50g light calcium carbonate powder more fully stirs, dry by the fire to thorough drying in 50 ℃ of baking ovens, taking-up is pulverized, and crosses 200 mesh sieves) massfraction is 1.5%, carry out high-speed stirring, rotating speed is controlled at 800～1100r/min, rises stirring rake behind stirring 1.5～3.5min, insulation 15～90s in the stove, for preventing collapse of pore structure, should come out of the stove rapidly when growing to and adopt the water cooling system curing of lowering the temperature near target size.
Embodiment 2:
Aluminium ingot is heated to 665～700 ℃, is incubated to aluminium ingot and melts fully, add mass percent and be 1.0%～2.0% lime carbonate viscosity increaser, stir, increase glutinous to default viscosity with the 400r/min rotating speed.For making the abundant mixing of viscosity increaser, determine churning time according to the torque meter reading, be generally 5～10min, adding lime carbonate blowing agent powder (sneaking into the abundant stirring and evenly mixing of 15g titanium hydride powders in the 100g calcium carbonate powders) massfraction that has mixed a small amount of titanium hydride then is 1.0%～2.5%, carry out high-speed stirring, rotating speed is controlled at 800～1100r/min, rise stirring rake after stirring 1.5～3.5min, insulation 15～90s in the stove, for preventing collapse of pore structure, should come out of the stove rapidly when growing to and adopt the water cooling system curing of lowering the temperature near target size.
Embodiment 3:
The first step: in certain volume water, add vitriol, fluoride salt water-soluble salt solutions such as the sodium sulfate account for quality mark 5～15% or Sodium Fluoride, stir and make abundant dissolving;
Second step: in above-mentioned salts solution, add and account for 30～80% parts of calcium carbonate powderss of aqueous solution massfraction, put into oven for drying after fully stirring, and pulverize to sieve and be Powdered, standby;
The 3rd step: get a certain amount of calcium carbonate powders,, mix to wherein adding the titanium hydride powders that accounts for lime carbonate massfraction 2～55%, standby;
The 4th step: fine aluminium or aluminium alloy aluminium ingot are put into heat-resisting crucible be heated to 665～700 ℃, be incubated to aluminium ingot and melt fully, temperature of aluminum liquid is uniform and stable;
The 5th step: fall into the electronic stirring rake that may command stirs the degree of depth and rotating speed, blade immerses in the aluminium liquid;
The 6th step: add the carbonic acid calcium powder that is untreated that accounts for aluminium liquid massfraction 1.0%～2.0%, start stirring rake, stir, and determine churning time, be generally 5～10min according to the torque meter reading that links to each other with stirring rake with 300～500r/min rotating speed;
The 7th step, adding accounts for aluminium liquid massfraction 1.0%～3.0% and goes on foot the calcium carbonate powders of handling or account for the composite foamable agent powder that aluminium liquid massfraction 1.0%～3.0% was handled through the 3rd step through first and second, high-speed stirring, rotating speed 800～1200r/min, churning time 1.5～5.0min;
The 8th step: close and promote stirring rake, insulation 15～150s in the stove, foamed aluminium is slowly grown;
The 9th step:, come out of the stove rapidly when growing to and adopt multidirectional water-cooling system cooling to solidify near target size (under the certain situation of aluminium consumption, sample size and foamed aluminium porosity have direct corresponding relation) for preventing collapse of pore structure.
Embodiment 4:
Aluminium ingot is heated to 670 ℃, be incubated to aluminium ingot and melt fully, the adding mass percent is 1.5% lime carbonate, stirs with the 400r/min rotating speed to increase glutinous 7min, adds the titanium hydride whipping agent of aluminium massfraction 1.5% then, carry out high-speed stirring, rotating speed is controlled at 900r/min, rises stirring rake behind stirring 1.5～2.5min, insulation 15～90s in the stove, for preventing collapse of pore structure, should come out of the stove rapidly when growing to and adopt the water cooling system curing of lowering the temperature near target size.
Embodiment 5: step is with embodiment 3, and lime carbonate is used Calcium hydrogen carbonate instead.
Claims (3)
1. the tackifying foaming preparation method of foamed aluminium and foam aluminium alloy is characterized in that step of preparation process is:
A. prepare mass concentration and be 5～15% the vitriol or the water-soluble salt solution of fluoride salt, stir it is fully dissolved;
B. add the carbonate powder that accounts for solvent quality mark 30～80% in above-mentioned salts solution, put into oven for drying after fully stirring, the gained mixture pulverizes and is Powdered after will drying, and is standby;
C. get carbonate powder,, mix, get the composite foamable agent powder to wherein adding the titanium hydride powders that accounts for carbonate massfraction 2～55%, standby;
D. fine aluminium or aluminium alloy aluminium ingot are heated to 665～700 ℃, are incubated to aluminium ingot and melt fully, temperature of aluminum liquid is uniform and stable;
E. add the carbonate powder that accounts for aluminium liquid massfraction 1.0%～2.0%, stir 5～10min with 300～500r/min rotating speed;
F. add and account for the carbonate powder of crossing through a, b step process of aluminium liquid massfraction 1.0%～3.0% or the composite foamable agent powder of crossing through the c step process that accounts for aluminium liquid massfraction 1.0%～3.0% stirs, rotating speed 800～1200r/min, churning time 1.5～5.0min;
G. stop to stir insulation 15～150s in the stove of back, foamed aluminium is slowly grown;
H. for preventing collapse of pore structure, come out of the stove rapidly when growing to and adopt multidirectional water-cooling system cooling to solidify near target size.
2. the tackifying foaming preparation method of foamed aluminium as claimed in claim 1 and foam aluminium alloy is characterized in that described vitriol is sodium sulfate, and fluoride salt is a Sodium Fluoride.
3. the tackifying foaming preparation method of foamed aluminium as claimed in claim 1 and foam aluminium alloy is characterized in that described carbonate is lime carbonate or Calcium hydrogen carbonate.
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| CNB2007100248971A CN100439526C (en) | 2007-07-09 | 2007-07-09 | Foamed aluminium and aluminum alloy tackifying foaming preparation method |
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Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101660080B (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2011-05-04 | 北京师范大学 | Microporous mesh structural porous tungsten structure with high porosity and preparation method thereof |
| CN101906829A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2010-12-08 | 王占清 | Foamed aluminum noise-reducing acoustic board and application thereof |
| CN105624451B (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2017-10-27 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of high-strength and high ductility closed-cell aluminum foam and preparation method thereof |
| CN107794393B (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2019-08-27 | 中南大学 | A kind of preparation method of micron-sized low porosity porous Al alloy |
| CN108149049A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-12 | 安徽宝辰机电设备科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method for welding cabinet foam aluminium alloy |
| CN108467961B (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2020-08-14 | 四川大学 | Multifunctional foamed aluminum foaming agent and method for preparing foamed aluminum by using same |
| CN108405831A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-08-17 | 北京科技大学 | The method for preparing foamed aluminium and aluminium alloy profiles by press casting procedure |
| CN109207880B (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-11-22 | 内蒙古农业大学 | A kind of foamed aluminium material and preparation method thereof of high intensity |
| CN109338143A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-02-15 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of closed-cell aluminum foam without thickening preparation method |
| CN111434788B (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2021-10-19 | 杨怡虹 | Production and preparation method of composite foamed aluminum material |
| CN112899513B (en) * | 2020-07-12 | 2022-07-22 | 中科天元(北京)科技发展有限公司 | Foamed aluminum with open-close hole coexisting structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN114507805B (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-09-16 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for preparing foam steel through foaming |
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| JP2002363664A (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2002-12-18 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Foaming agent for producing foamed/porous metal |
| JP2005344153A (en) * | 2004-06-02 | 2005-12-15 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Method for producing member made of foamed aluminum alloy |
| CN1730689A (en) * | 2005-09-06 | 2006-02-08 | 贵州大学 | Foaming agent for preparing foamed aluminium and its preparation method |
| CN1974808A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2007-06-06 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Prepn process of pore forming agent for porous magnesium alloy and porous aluminium and its pore forming method |
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2007
- 2007-07-09 CN CNB2007100248971A patent/CN100439526C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002363664A (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2002-12-18 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Foaming agent for producing foamed/porous metal |
| JP2005344153A (en) * | 2004-06-02 | 2005-12-15 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Method for producing member made of foamed aluminum alloy |
| CN1730689A (en) * | 2005-09-06 | 2006-02-08 | 贵州大学 | Foaming agent for preparing foamed aluminium and its preparation method |
| CN1974808A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2007-06-06 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Prepn process of pore forming agent for porous magnesium alloy and porous aluminium and its pore forming method |
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