CN110256045A - Foam insulation board prepared from iron tailings and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Foam insulation board prepared from iron tailings and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110256045A
CN110256045A CN201910616298.1A CN201910616298A CN110256045A CN 110256045 A CN110256045 A CN 110256045A CN 201910616298 A CN201910616298 A CN 201910616298A CN 110256045 A CN110256045 A CN 110256045A
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China
Prior art keywords
foam
insulating board
powder
foam heat
iron tailings
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CN201910616298.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
姜涛
李林
陈泊键
温婧
张裕书
陈超
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Northeastern University China
Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences
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Northeastern University China
Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences
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Publication of CN110256045A publication Critical patent/CN110256045A/en
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a foam insulation board prepared from iron tailings and a preparation method thereof. The foam insulation board is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40-70% of iron tailings, 10-30% of feldspar, 3-5% of waste glass, 5-15% of extender, 0.5-1% of viscosity reducer, 2-5% of foam enhancer, 1-5% of fused salt flux and 0.1-1% of foam generator. The method for preparing the foam insulation board by using the iron tailings provided by the invention fully utilizes the iron tailings, has the advantages of low raw material cost, simple preparation process and easiness in operation, and the obtained insulation board has good comprehensive performance.

Description

A kind of foam heat-insulating board and preparation method thereof using iron tailings preparation
Technical field
The invention belongs to building material technical field more particularly to it is a kind of using iron tailings preparation foam heat-insulating board and its Preparation method.
Background technique
Vanadium titano-magnetite is mainly made of ilmenite and bloodstone, and containing the vanadium of a large amount of associations, chromium, cobalt, nickel, platinum family and The Multicomponents such as scandium make it have important exploitation and smelt value.However during exploitation, for reduce production cost and Ore quality is improved, staff will mainly exploit high-grade tcrude ore, and the poor miscellaneous mine on periphery and pass through multiple magnetic separation Tailing will largely be abandoned, these tailings can not only bring huge financial burden to locality, while will cause serious ring Border pollution, tailing recycle the attention just by countries in the world as secondary resource.
Currently, preparing thermal insulation material using iron tailings has the disadvantage that first, the comprehensive performance of thermal insulation material is bad； Second, the cost of raw material is higher, and process flow is complex；The utilization efficiency of third, iron tailings is not high.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
For existing technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of foam heat-insulating board and its system using iron tailings preparation Preparation Method, this method make full use of iron tailings, low raw-material cost, and preparation process simple, easy to operate, obtained insulation board Comprehensive performance is good.
(2) technical solution
The present invention provides a kind of foam heat-insulating board, is prepared from the following raw materials, and the raw material includes by mass percentage: 40~70% iron tailings, 10~30% feldspar, 3~5% cullet, 5~15% replenishers, 0.5~1% viscosity reduction Agent, 2~5% foam improver, 1~5% melting salt flux and 0.1~1% production infusion.
Further, the feldspar is one or more of albite, potassium feldspar and anorthite.
Further, the replenishers are silica flour, and the thinner is di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide Sodium Toluene Sulphonate.
Further, the foam improver is tertiary sodium phosphate.
Further, the melting salt flux is borax.
Further, the production infusion is one or more of graphite powder, silicon carbide, sodium carbonate and silicon nitride.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of the foam heat-insulating board of any of the above-described scheme, include the following steps:
S1, iron tailings and cullet are crushed, obtain the miberal powder that granularity is less than or equal to 200 mesh；
Feldspar, replenishers, thinner, foam improver, melting salt flux are added in S2, Xiang Suoshu miberal powder and produces infusion, and stirs It mixes uniformly, obtains mixed material, wherein the mass percentage of miberal powder is 80~95% in the mixed material；
In S3, Xiang Suoshu mixed material plus water, progress ball-milling treatment obtain ceramic mixture；
S4, the ceramic mixture is subjected to mist projection granulating processing, obtains the powder that partial size is 100~200 μm；
S5,1100~1160 DEG C of high-temperature roasting will be carried out after the powder drying and keep the temperature 10~60min, steeped Foam insulation board.
Further, in the step S3, the time of ball milling is 2~4h, and the revolving speed of ball milling is 350~450rpm/min.
Further, in the step S3, in ball-milling treatment, in ceramic mixture the mass percent of water be 40~ 70%.
Further, in the step S4, in high-temperature calcination process, powder is warming up to the rate of 2~10 DEG C/min 1100~1160 DEG C.
(3) beneficial effect
Method provided by the invention makes full use of iron tailings, is able to solve local tailings impoundment problem, while consuming Contents of Tailings can reduce production cost, and the call of response national resources circulation has huge economic benefit.
Meanwhile the method preparation process of offer of the invention is simple, easy to operate, it is more more environmentally-friendly than traditional processing technology, No exhaust gas waste water generates, and waste residue can be reused, and obtained insulation board comprehensive performance is good.
Specific embodiment
In order to preferably explain the present invention, in order to understand, by specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
The present invention proposes a kind of foam heat-insulating board, is prepared from the following raw materials, and the raw material includes by mass percentage: 40~70% iron tailings, 10~30% feldspar, 3~5% cullet, 5~15% replenishers, 0.5~1% viscosity reduction Agent, 2~5% foam improver, 1~5% melting salt flux and 0.1~1% production infusion.
In the present embodiment, SiO in iron tailings used2Grade be 30~45%, Al2O3Grade be 5~10%, The grade that the grade of CaO is 5~15%, FeO is 5~10%, Fe2O3Grade be 5~10%, MgO grade 5~10%, TiO2Grade be 5~15%；
SiO in cullet used2Grade be 60~80%, Al2O3Grade be 0.5~3%, CaO grade be 5~ The grade 1~5% of 15%, MgO, Na2The grade of O is 10~15%.
In the present embodiment, feldspar is one or more of albite, potassium feldspar and anorthite, and preferably potassium is long Stone, the melting range of potassium feldspar can preferably expand firing range at 1150 ± 20 DEG C, and the melting range of albite exists 1120 ± 20 DEG C, although albite can preferably reduce fusing point limits firing range simultaneously.
Replenishers are silica flour, and silicone content effectively improves the content of silicon in insulation board 90% or more in silica flour, make to protect More evenly, performance is more excellent for bubble distribution in warm plate.
Thinner is di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide Sodium Toluene Sulphonate, and di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide Sodium Toluene Sulphonate is main viscosity reduction currently on the market One of agent, cheap, convenient transportation, di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide Sodium Toluene Sulphonate can effectively improve the wetting of particulates of ceramic mixture Property, suspension stability and rheological characteristic, make ceramic mixture that there is suitable viscosity, achieve the purpose that energy-saving.
Foam improver is tertiary sodium phosphate, compared to foam enhancings such as ammonium stearate foam stabilizer available on the market, polyurethane foam stabilizers Agent, tertiary sodium phosphate are suitable for the condition of high temperature, can expand the temperature range of roasting, and as temperature raising further decomposites height Warm fluxing agent sodium oxide molybdena plays certain fluxing action, increases foamed stability, the hair of bubble non-uniform phenomenon can be effectively relieved It is raw；From the point of view of price, the cost performance under same case using tertiary sodium phosphate as foam stabilizer is optimal.
Melting salt flux is borax, and high temperature fluxing agent on the market has pure iron fluxing agent, tungsten fluxing agent etc. at present, it is opposite and Speech, boron class fluxing agent purposes is wider, and performance is more excellent.Borax helps to reduce the fusing point of insulation board, it is ensured that at a lower temperature The reason of reaching amount of liquid phase appropriate, effectively saving energy consumption, reducing fusing point is the B-O to be formed and SiO2S-O tetrahedron it is straight It connects in succession, original positive tetrahedron configuration directly affects SiO by changing during the connection process2Itself stability decline, to drop Its low melting temperature.
Production infusion is one or more of graphite powder, silicon carbide, sodium carbonate and silicon nitride, wherein using silicon carbide as production The function and effect of infusion are best.Firstly, silicon carbide is that high temperature produces infusion, it can be more preferable under 1000 DEG C or more of the condition of high temperature Foaming；Secondly when adding phase homogenous quantities difference production infusion, addition silicon carbide is as the insulation board air entrapment distribution for producing infusion More evenly, and under silicon carbide high-temperature situation redox reaction, product SiO occurs2It can further supplement in insulation board Silicone content has facilitation to the high-temperature molding of insulation board, and a large amount of gas sources can be provided for high-temperature fusant, promote the shape of bubble At-grow up, it ensures that bubble reaches vapor-liquid equilibrium inside high-temperature fusant, reduces the bulk density of insulation board.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of above-mentioned foam heat-insulating board, include the following steps:
S1, iron tailings and cullet are crushed, obtain the miberal powder that granularity is less than or equal to 200 mesh.
Feldspar, replenishers, thinner, foam improver, melting salt flux are added in S2, Xiang Suoshu miberal powder and produces infusion, and stirs It mixes uniformly, obtains mixed material, wherein the mass percentage of miberal powder is 80~95% in the mixed material.
S3, add water into mixed material, carry out ball-milling treatment, obtain ceramic mixture.
Wherein, first each raw material is mixed add water, ball milling, can guarantee that each stock dispersion is uniform, mixing is abundant；And such as After iron tailings and cullet are first crushed and add water by fruit, then feldspar, replenishers, thinner, foam improver, fuse salt are added respectively and is melted Agent and produce infusion after ball milling, then will lead to each raw material be easier occur agglomeration, influence each raw material disperse in water it is uniform Property；And first mixing adds water, ball milling can further save mixing time, substantially reduces energy loss.
S4, ceramic mixture is subjected to mist projection granulating processing, obtains the powder that partial size is 100~200 μm.
S5,1100~1160 DEG C of high-temperature roasting will be carried out after powder drying and keep the temperature 10~60min, obtain foam thermal insulation Plate.
Preferably, powder is dried, makes powder water content less than 2%.Powder internal moisture excessively will cause obtained Heat preservation plate surface there are a large amount of crackles, influence the thermal protection performance of insulation board, therefore without being pressed into slab in advance before being sintered, Production process can be reduced using the method for direct cloth and reduce production cost.
In the present embodiment, in step S3 ball-milling treatment, the mass percent 40~70% of water is in ceramic mixture Most preferably, dilutional hyponatremia will affect drying time, cause energy waste；The very few mixed material that will lead to of water can not be dispersed in water In, mixing is uneven.
In the present embodiment, for ceramic mixture after carrying out mist projection granulating processing, obtaining partial size is 100~200 μm Powder.Diameter of particle is excessive to be will lead to inside powder comprising large quantity of air, in sintering procedure, foam heat-insulating board internal porosity mistake Greatly, the water absorption rate of material is influenced；When diameter of particle is too small, production infusion is slack-off with oxygen reaction rate at high temperature, and foam is protected Warm plate bubble becomes smaller, and bulk density becomes larger.
In the present embodiment, in step S5 high-temperature calcination process, it is with the rate heating of 2~10 DEG C/min by powder Most preferably, when heating rate is excessively slow, minute bubbles have time enough growth in melt, merge, and ceramics inside will generate a large amount of Gross blow hole and intercommunicating pore influence material heat insulation effect；When raising speed rate is too fast, the air bubble growth time shortens, and generates inside melt A large amount of minimum bubbles, increase the bulk density of material.
1100~1160 DEG C of maturing temperature be it is best, temperature is too low will lead to powder under the condition of high temperature can not generate it is enough Liquid phase, bubble will be unable to grow up in melt；Temperature is excessively high, and melt viscosity becomes smaller, and bubble constantly merges inside melt, generates A large amount of gross blow hole and intercommunicating pore, seriously affect material property.
For the shape of insulation board, the shape straight forming of mold (container used when roasting) may depend on, or after Phase excision forming.
Now according to specific embodiment, the present invention is further described:
Embodiment 1
Each raw material and its mass percent are as follows in the present embodiment: iron tailings 60%, cullet 5%, albite 20%, stone English powder 10%, di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide Sodium Toluene Sulphonate 0.5%, tertiary sodium phosphate 2%, borax 2%, graphite powder 0.5%.
Using above-mentioned raw materials, the process for preparing foam heat-insulating board is as follows:
S1, iron tailings and cullet are crushed, obtain the miberal powder that granularity is 200 mesh；
S2, albite, silica flour, di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide Sodium Toluene Sulphonate, tertiary sodium phosphate, borax and graphite are added into miberal powder Powder, and stir evenly, obtain mixed material；
S3, water is added to obtain ceramic mixing in the ball mill with the revolving speed ball milling 2h of 350rpm/min into mixed material Material, wherein the mass ratio of abrading-ball is 1:1:0.5 in water, mixed material and ball mill, after ball milling in ceramic mixture water matter Measuring percentage is 40%；
S4, it ceramic mixture is placed in spray dryer is spray-dried, obtain the powder that partial size is 100 μm；
S5, it will be filled into internal place mat after powder drying and has in the corundum crucible of one layer of silicic acid aluminium paper refractory material, then Corundum crucible is placed in Muffle furnace, Muffle furnace is warming up to 580 DEG C first with the rate of 3 DEG C/min, heat preservation 10min dries water Point, then be warming up to 980 DEG C with the rate of 10 DEG C/min, keep the temperature 10min, finally with the rate of 10 DEG C/min be warming up to 1120 DEG C into Row roasting, keeps the temperature 20min, cools to room temperature with the furnace after heat preservation, obtain foam heat-insulating board, with cutting machine to obtained foam Insulation board is cut, is spare.
It is detected, the thermal coefficient of obtained foam heat-insulating board is 0.090W/ (mK), bulk density 0.360g/cm3。
Embodiment 2
Each raw material and its mass percent are as follows in the present embodiment: iron tailings 55%, cullet 4%, potassium feldspar 24%, stone English powder 10%, di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide Sodium Toluene Sulphonate 0.7%, tertiary sodium phosphate 3.5%, borax 2.5%, silicon carbide and sodium carbonate 0.3%.
Using above-mentioned raw materials, the process for preparing foam heat-insulating board is as follows:
S1, iron tailings and cullet are crushed, obtain the miberal powder that granularity is 180 mesh；
S2, potassium feldspar, silica flour, di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide Sodium Toluene Sulphonate, tertiary sodium phosphate, borax, carbonization are added into miberal powder Silicon and sodium carbonate, and stir evenly, obtain mixed material；
S3, water is added to obtain ceramic mixing in the ball mill with the revolving speed ball milling 3h of 400rpm/min into mixed material Material, wherein the mass ratio of abrading-ball is 1:1:0.7 in water, mixed material and ball mill, after ball milling in ceramic mixture water matter Measuring percentage is 60%；
S4, it ceramic mixture is placed in spray dryer is spray-dried, obtain the powder that partial size is 200 μm；
S5, it will be filled into internal place mat after powder drying and has in the corundum crucible of one layer of silicic acid aluminium paper refractory material, then Corundum crucible is placed in Muffle furnace, Muffle furnace is warming up to 620 DEG C first with the rate of 3 DEG C/min, heat preservation 7min dries water Point, then be warming up to 1000 DEG C with the rate of 8 DEG C/min, keep the temperature 10min, finally with the rate of 8 DEG C/min be warming up to 1130 DEG C into Row roasting, keeps the temperature 30min, cools to room temperature with the furnace after heat preservation, obtain foam heat-insulating board, with cutting machine to obtained foam Insulation board is cut, is spare.
It is detected, the thermal coefficient of obtained foam heat-insulating board is 0.100W/ (mK), bulk density 0.605g/cm3。
Embodiment 3
Each raw material and its mass percent are as follows in the present embodiment: iron tailings 65%, cullet 5%, anorthite 15%, stone English powder 8%, di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide Sodium Toluene Sulphonate 0.9%, tertiary sodium phosphate 5%, borax 1%, silicon nitride 0.1%.
Using above-mentioned raw materials, the process for preparing foam heat-insulating board is as follows:
S1, iron tailings and cullet are crushed, obtain the miberal powder that granularity is 170 mesh；
S2, anorthite, silica flour, di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide Sodium Toluene Sulphonate, tertiary sodium phosphate, borax and nitridation are added into miberal powder Silicon, and stir evenly, obtain mixed material；
S3, water is added to obtain ceramic mixing in the ball mill with the revolving speed ball milling 2.5h of 450rpm/min into mixed material Material, wherein the mass ratio of abrading-ball is 1:1:0.8 in water, mixed material and ball mill, after ball milling in ceramic mixture water matter Measuring percentage is 70%；
S4, it ceramic mixture is placed in spray dryer is spray-dried, obtain the powder that partial size is 150 μm；
S5, it will be filled into internal place mat after powder drying and has in the corundum crucible of one layer of silicic acid aluminium paper refractory material, then Corundum crucible is placed in Muffle furnace, Muffle furnace is warming up to 600 DEG C first with the rate of 2 DEG C/min, heat preservation 5min dries water Point, then 980 DEG C are warming up to the rate of 5 DEG C/min, 10min is kept the temperature, 1160 DEG C of progress are finally warming up to the rate of 7 DEG C/min Roasting keeps the temperature 60min, cools to room temperature with the furnace after heat preservation, obtain foam heat-insulating board, is protected with cutting machine to obtained foam Warm plate is cut, is spare.
It is detected, the thermal coefficient of obtained foam heat-insulating board is 0.820W/ (mK), bulk density 0.470g/cm3。
Embodiment 4
Each raw material and its mass percent are as follows in the present embodiment: iron tailings 70%, cullet 3%, anorthite 10%, stone English powder 5%, di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide Sodium Toluene Sulphonate 1%, tertiary sodium phosphate 5%, borax 5%, silicon nitride 1%.
Using above-mentioned raw materials, the process for preparing foam heat-insulating board is as follows:
S1, iron tailings and cullet are crushed, obtain the miberal powder that granularity is 200 mesh；
S2, anorthite, silica flour, di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide Sodium Toluene Sulphonate, tertiary sodium phosphate, borax and nitridation are added into miberal powder Silicon, and stir evenly, obtain mixed material；
S3, water is added to obtain ceramic mixing in the ball mill with the revolving speed ball milling 4h of 380rpm/min into mixed material Material, wherein the mass ratio of abrading-ball is 1:1:0.3 in water, mixed material and ball mill, after ball milling in ceramic mixture water matter Measuring percentage is 65%；
S4, it ceramic mixture is placed in spray dryer is spray-dried, obtain the powder that partial size is 180 μm；
S5, it will be filled into internal place mat after powder drying and has in the corundum crucible of one layer of silicic acid aluminium paper refractory material, then Corundum crucible is placed in Muffle furnace, Muffle furnace is warming up to 600 DEG C first with the rate of 5 DEG C/min, heat preservation 6min dries water Point, then be warming up to 1000 DEG C with the rate of 5 DEG C/min, keep the temperature 10min, finally with the rate of 5 DEG C/min be warming up to 1150 DEG C into Row roasting, keeps the temperature 40min, cools to room temperature with the furnace after heat preservation, obtain foam heat-insulating board, with cutting machine to obtained foam Insulation board is cut, is spare.
It is detected, the thermal coefficient of obtained foam heat-insulating board is 0.081W/ (mK), bulk density 0.330g/cm3。
Embodiment 5
Each raw material and its mass percent are as follows in the present embodiment: iron tailings 40%, cullet 3%, potassium feldspar 30%, stone English powder 15%, di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide Sodium Toluene Sulphonate 1%, tertiary sodium phosphate 5%, borax 5%, graphite powder 1%.
Using above-mentioned raw materials, the process for preparing foam heat-insulating board is as follows:
S1, iron tailings and cullet are crushed, obtain the miberal powder that granularity is 200 mesh；
S2, potassium feldspar, silica flour, di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide Sodium Toluene Sulphonate, tertiary sodium phosphate, borax and graphite are added into miberal powder Powder, and stir evenly, obtain mixed material；
S3, water is added to obtain ceramic mixing in the ball mill with the revolving speed ball milling 3.5h of 420rpm/min into mixed material Material, wherein the mass ratio of abrading-ball is 1:1:0.4 in water, mixed material and ball mill, after ball milling in ceramic mixture water matter Measuring percentage is 65%；
S4, it ceramic mixture is placed in spray dryer is spray-dried, obtain the powder that partial size is 160 μm；
S5, it will be filled into internal place mat after powder drying and has in the corundum crucible of one layer of silicic acid aluminium paper refractory material, then Corundum crucible is placed in Muffle furnace, Muffle furnace is warming up to 590 DEG C first with the rate of 4 DEG C/min, heat preservation 5min dries water Point, then 990 DEG C are warming up to the rate of 4 DEG C/min, 10min is kept the temperature, 1100 DEG C of progress are finally warming up to the rate of 6 DEG C/min Roasting keeps the temperature 10min, cools to room temperature with the furnace after heat preservation, obtain foam heat-insulating board, is protected with cutting machine to obtained foam Warm plate is cut, is spare.
It is detected, the thermal coefficient of obtained foam heat-insulating board is 0.087W/ (mK), bulk density 0.640g/cm3。
The technical principle of the invention is described above in combination with a specific embodiment, these descriptions are intended merely to explain of the invention Principle shall not be construed in any way as a limitation of the scope of protection of the invention.Based on explaining herein, those skilled in the art It can associate with other specific embodiments of the invention without creative labor, these modes fall within this hair Within bright protection scope.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of foam heat-insulating board, which is characterized in that be prepared from the following raw materials, the raw material includes by mass percentage: 40~70% iron tailings, 10~30% feldspar, 3~5% cullet, 5~15% replenishers, 0.5~1% viscosity reduction Agent, 2~5% foam improver, 1~5% melting salt flux and 0.1~1% production infusion.
2. foam heat-insulating board according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the feldspar is that albite, potassium feldspar and calcium are long One or more of stone.
3. foam heat-insulating board according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the replenishers are silica flour, the thinner For di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide Sodium Toluene Sulphonate.
4. foam heat-insulating board according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the foam improver is tertiary sodium phosphate.
5. foam heat-insulating board according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the melting salt flux is borax.
6. foam heat-insulating board according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the production infusion is graphite powder, silicon carbide, carbonic acid One or more of sodium and silicon nitride.
7. a kind of preparation method of foam heat-insulating board as described in claim 1, which comprises the steps of:
S1, iron tailings and cullet are crushed, obtain the miberal powder that granularity is less than or equal to 200 mesh；
Feldspar, replenishers, thinner, foam improver, melting salt flux are added in S2, Xiang Suoshu miberal powder and produces infusion, and stirs equal It is even, obtain mixed material, wherein the mass percentage of miberal powder is 80~95% in the mixed material；
In S3, Xiang Suoshu mixed material plus water, progress ball-milling treatment obtain ceramic mixture；
S4, the ceramic mixture is subjected to mist projection granulating processing, obtains the powder that partial size is 100~200 μm；
S5,1100~1160 DEG C of high-temperature roasting will be carried out after the powder drying and keep the temperature 10~60min, obtain foam thermal insulation Plate.
8. the preparation method of foam heat-insulating board according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in the step S3, ball milling Time is 2~4h, and the revolving speed of ball milling is 350~450rpm/min.
9. the preparation method of foam heat-insulating board according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in the step S3, at ball milling In reason, the mass percent of water is 40~70% in ceramic mixture.
10. the preparation method of foam heat-insulating board according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in the step S4, high temperature roasting During burning, powder is warming up to 1100~1160 DEG C with the rate of 2~10 DEG C/min.
CN201910616298.1A 2019-04-30 2019-07-09 Foam insulation board prepared from iron tailings and preparation method thereof Pending CN110256045A (en)

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Application publication date: 20190920