CN101336599B - Multi-stock one-budwood engrafting method - Google Patents

Multi-stock one-budwood engrafting method Download PDF

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CN101336599B
CN101336599B CN2008103035651A CN200810303565A CN101336599B CN 101336599 B CN101336599 B CN 101336599B CN 2008103035651 A CN2008103035651 A CN 2008103035651A CN 200810303565 A CN200810303565 A CN 200810303565A CN 101336599 B CN101336599 B CN 101336599B
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plant
scion
stock
grafting
root
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CN101336599A (en
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黄化明
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Abstract

The invention relates to a grafting method of multi-rootstock one-scion comprising: the seedling is cut off after the interfaces of the accessing plant and the accessed plant are completely combined. The grafting method of the invention has a quicker combining speed than the common plant grafting method and a stronger combining ability than the common plant because the accessing plant and the accessed plant simultaneously grow and combine before the complete combination of the interfaces. Generally the scioning stem is not shorter than the stem of the rootstock, the distance between the scion root open part and the branch open part is long, the longer the distance is, the more the grafting rootstock number is, when the rootstock and scioning materials are chosen. The multi-rootstock one-scion grafting method can also be applied in summer, as long as the plant to be grafted has the growth combination ability, the plant can be grafted and the survival rate can be up to more than 95%. Not only the multi-rootstock can be grafted in one scion, but also the cycle grafting can be achieved, after the first multi-rootstock one-scion grafting seedling grows normally, the seedling can be grafted again with another similar plant.

Description

Multi-stock one-budwood engrafting method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the grafting of plant, refer in particular to a kind of multi-stock one-budwood engrafting method.
Background technology
Present common plant graft is exactly with the bud of improved seeds or branch, move and receive another robust growth and on the stronger plant of local natural conditions adaptability, what adopt is that first grafting allows stock combine with scion then, specification requirement height during her grafting, generally can only carry out grafting in spring, once can only a stock one-budwood engrafting, foreign peoples's plant graft is big in conjunction with difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be improved, innovate, provide a kind of grafting method simple, the multi-stock one-budwood engrafting method that survival rate is high at shortcoming that exists in the background technology and blank.
The present invention includes following steps:
(1) dig pit: will dig the hole earlier before the grafting, the degree of depth in hole is with the degree of depth of common stock or the common transplanting of scion plant, and size should be bigger than the hole of common stock or the common transplanting of scion plant, can plant many rootstocks and a scion plant is advisable;
(2) select stock and scion plant: generally in many plantlings, select a strain well-grown, tall and big, stem is thick, opens the root place and goes out any strain plantling of distance as scion plant the stock radical of long more grafting (distance just can be many more) to opening branch (leaf), and remaining is as stock;
(3) choose the scion plant and on stem, carry out mark cutting the seedling scion after convenient and stock is hard to tell Chu with band or other thing because be multi-stock one-budwood engrafting when cutting seedling interface film bundling is arranged;
(4) multi-stock one-budwood engrafting: the scion plant is a complete plant when grafting, and scion is connected on the root system in the growth, and the root of scion plays " nursing " effect in the grafting healing stage, finishes in conjunction with just cutting off later on up to scion and all stocks;
1. put the degree of depth about the twice of standardized road length for the diameter length of this plant clip ground square-stem under with blade be that about 1/3rd angle of diameter is first road junction leaving root one to two centimeters, get on to draw about path length second road junction at the first road junction opening part always, intersect with the first road junction tail in stem at second road junction, then the plant between the twice designated port is removed, formed a triangular notch;
2. stock clip: select first stock, should select out the root place to opening the shortest plant of branch place distance as first stock, convenient following stock is opened the root place to the requirement of opening branch place distance, the stock radical that requirement the inserts interface of many scion plant more leaves with the distance stem of stock that just requires far away more at place long more, the stock clip should be than scion plant clip to the long 0.5-2cm of length that opens with the place with director's degree to opening, make things convenient for next step transplanting and cut seedling, determine after the length standardized road length and gradient and the much the same angle of the scion plant first road clip on stock, get on to draw about path length second road junction on opposite, first road junction always, the second road junction length and gradient and the much the same angle of the scion plant second road clip, make it to form a triangle tang, triangle tang size is advisable to replenish the triangular notch that has sheared on the scion plant, after finishing the stock clip stock is inserted in the triangular notch of scion plant, fix with film bundling; Connecing other many rootstocks (the wrapping film that second interface, first designated port should adjacent first interface on the scion plant, below identical) on the scion plant then, method is with to connect the first stock method identical; Treat to plant to the hole of digging after a plurality of stocks and the work of scion plant graft are finished, culture technique is as the criterion with stock scion plant cultivation technology again;
(5) cut seedling: wait the interface of scion plant to combine back the following of scion plant of cutting off with the stock interface below the first stock interface, making it the scion plant becomes real scion;
(6) go to wrap up, soybean, Kidney bean, the plant of the ripe grafting of Capsicum annual growth is cut off and removes wrapping after following to of scion plant grown normally; China fir does not generally go wrapping for the solid plant that grows into forest for many years.
Attack a vital point the sowing plant growing to certain altitude, but be advisable with grafting, grafting method is identical when carrying out grafting grafting method in original place with transplanting, select the scion plant generally in taking root in thing, to select a strain well-grown more, one strain plant of the thick center of tall and big stem is as the scion plant, after determining the scion plant, on the scion plant, cut first interface, the interface height is advisable can receive from the nearest strain of scion plant, from opposite clip and the grafting of the nearest strain plant of scion plant, technology is identical with the transplanting graft technology.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect:
The present invention inserts a plurality of robust growth simultaneously with an improved seeds plant and to the stronger plant of local natural conditions adaptability or insert the identical plant of a plurality of robust growth, makes the plant that is access in have the root of many plant to carry sufficient nutrient fast to her.What adopt is to allow earlier insert the root of cutting off the plant that is access in after plant combines with the interface of the plant that is access in is complete again, and the plant and the root that are access in are broken away from fully.Make the plant that is access in become real scion.
The present invention cuts seedling after allowing earlier and inserting plant and the interface of the plant that is access in combines fully again, so because interface is eager to excel than common plant binding ability fully in conjunction with before being to be grown simultaneously in conjunction with her fast than common plant graft combination by the plant of inserting plant and be access in.Multi-stock one-budwood is simple to operate, and general ordinary people can both operate.Select the stem of stock and the general scion of scion material to open the root place to opening branch place distance a bit unlike the little scion of stem of stock, the stock radical of the long more grafting of distance just can be many more, that's all; Wrapping is as long as common wrapping is just passable; Multi-stock one-budwood engrafting method also can grafting in the summer of sweltering heat.As long as you just can carry out grafting when wanting the plant of grafting that the growth binding ability is arranged, and survival rate can be more than 95%.Can a scion connect many rootstocks simultaneously, the grafting that can also circulate, multi-stock one-budwood engrafting can carry out grafting once more by similar plant with the foreign peoples again after cutting seedling growth normally for the first time.
Applied range of the present invention, the similar foreign peoples of plant of all energy common graftings can both multi-stock one-budwood engrafting.Also can the grafting success in summer of sweltering heat, can improve the speed of 50 to percent percent hundreds of for being grown to main plant, the many more growth rate of the quantity of graft stock are fast more.For fructufy is that the fruit that main plant is born bears fruit greatly than common same fruit tree, and the more fruits of bearing of the quantity of graft stock big more more.The apple of common in the past year apple tree knot is wanted five one jin, and present apple of planting its knot of same apple tree with the many stem one seedling grafting methods of the present invention is as long as two to three just have one jin, and the Any shape of two kinds of apples does not all have to change, and nutrient component does not all have to change.Chinese fir is generally taken 20 years and just can grow into forest, and the many stem one seedling grafting methods of the present invention need only and just can grow into forest in several years.For some rare medicinal herbss, if adopt the many stem one seedling grafting methods of the present invention just can bear bigger fruit when very spending different fruit to transplant.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
Soybean is cooked the multi-stock one-budwood engrafting method that stock and soybean are done scion:
One, dig pit: will dig the hole earlier before the grafting, the degree of depth in hole is with the degree of depth of common soybeans transplantation of seedlings, and size should be bigger than the hole of the common transplanting of big bean seedlings, can plant many rootstocks and a scion plant is advisable.
Two, select stock and scion plant: generally in many big bean seedlings, select a strain well-grown, tall and big, stem is thick, opens the root place and goes out any big bean seedlings of a strain of distance as scion plant the stock radical of long more grafting (distance just can be many more) to opening leaf, and remaining is as stock.
Three, choose soybean scion plant should be on opening with place's stem with band or other thing carry out mark with cut after convenient seedling scion plant and stock be hard to tell Chu (because of be multi-stock one-budwood engrafting when cutting seedling interface film bundling is arranged).
Four, soybean multi-stock one-budwood engrafting: soybean scion plant is complete big bean seedlings when grafting, scion is connected on the root system in the growth, the root of scion plays " nursing " effect in the grafting healing stage, finish in conjunction with just cutting off later on up to soybean scion and all soybean stocks.(1) standardized road length is that to put the degree of depth about 1cm under be that about 1/3rd angle of big bean seedlings diameter is first road junction with blade leaving root one to two centimeters, draw second road junction at the first road junction opening part 0.5cm that gets on about long, intersect with the first road junction tail in stem at second road junction, then the part between the twice designated port is removed, formed a triangular notch.(2) stock clip: select first stock, should select a Gen Kaigen place to opening the shortest big bean seedlings of leaf place distance as first stock, (convenient following stock is opened the root place to the requirement of opening branch place distance, the stock radical that requirement the inserts interface of many scion plant more leaves with the distance stem of stock that just requires far away more at place long more) the stock clip should be than scion plant clip to opening with the long 0.5-2cm of length that locates with director's degree to opening, (make things convenient for next step transplanting and cut seedling) determines after the length standardized road length and gradient and the much the same angle of the scion plant first road designated port on stock, get on to draw about path length second road junction on opposite, first road junction always, the second road junction length and gradient and the much the same angle of the scion plant second road designated port, make it to form a triangle tang, triangle tang size is advisable to replenish the triangular notch that has sheared on the scion plant, after finishing the stock clip stock is inserted in the triangular notch of scion plant, fix with film bundling, the wrapping film should not be too wide, to wrap up clip for well, the too wide space of just wasting the scion axis, position, on the scion plant, connect other many rootstocks then, (second interface, first designated port is answered the wrapping film of adjacent first interface on the scion plant, below identical), method is with to connect the first stock method identical! Treat to plant to the hole of digging after a plurality of stocks and the work of scion plant graft are finished, culture technique is as the criterion with common soybeans seedling culture technique again!
Five, cut seedling: transplant just can follow opening of soybean scion about back ten days and locate to cut off between first stock, making it soybean scion plant becomes real scion.
Six, go wrapping, that cuts off the soybean scion just can remove wrapping with ten to 20 days.
Embodiment two:
Kidney bean is done the multi-stock one-budwood engrafting method that stock and soybean are done scion:
One, dig pit: will dig the hole earlier before the grafting, the degree of depth in hole is with the degree of depth of common kidney bean transplantation of seedlings, and size should be bigger than the hole of the common transplanting of Kidney bean seedling, can plant many root vegetables beans stock and a soybean scion plant is advisable.
Two, select stock and scion plant: in big bean seedlings, select a strain well-grown, tall and big, stem is thick, open the root place and go out any strain soybean of distance as scion plant the Kidney bean stock radical of long more grafting (distance just can be many more), select many strains (how many rootstocks requirement connects and just select how many root vegetables beans) well-grown to opening leaf.Stem unlike the big Kidney bean of the stem of soybean scion plant as stock.
Three, choose soybean scion plant should be on opening with place's stem with band or other thing carry out mark with cut after convenient seedling scion and stock be hard to tell Chu (because of be multi-stock one-budwood engrafting when cutting seedling interface film bundling is arranged).
Four, multi-stock one-budwood engrafting: soybean scion plant is complete big bean seedlings when grafting, scion is connected on the root system in the growth, the root of scion plays " nursing " effect in the grafting healing stage, up to soybean scion and the combination just cut-out later on fully of all Kidney bean stocks.(1) standardized road length is that to put the degree of depth about 1cm under be that about 1/3rd angle of big bean seedlings diameter is first road junction with blade leaving root one to two centimeters, draw second road junction at the first road junction opening part 0.5cm that gets on about long, intersect with the first road junction tail in stem at second road junction, then the part between the twice designated port is removed, formed a triangular notch.(2) stock clip: select first stock, should select a Gen Kaigen place to opening the shortest Kidney bean of leaf place distance as first stock, (convenient following stock is opened the root place to the requirement of opening leaf place distance, the stock radical that requirement the inserts interface of many scion plant more leaves with the distance stem of stock that just requires far away more at place long more) the stock clip should be than scion plant clip to opening with the long 0.5-2cm of length that locates with director's degree to opening, (make things convenient for next step transplanting and cut seedling) determines after the length standardized road length and gradient and the much the same angle of the scion plant first road designated port on stock, get on to draw about path length second road junction on opposite, first road junction always, the second road junction length and gradient and the much the same angle of the scion plant second road designated port, make it to form a triangle tang, triangle tang size is advisable to replenish the triangular notch that has sheared on the scion plant, after finishing the stock clip stock is inserted in the triangular notch of scion plant, fix with film bundling.The wrapping film should not be too wide, to wrap up clip for well, the too wide space of just wasting the scion axis, position, on the scion plant, connect other many rootstocks then, (second interface, first designated port is answered the wrapping film of adjacent first interface on the scion plant, below identical), method is with to connect the first stock method identical! Treat to plant to the hole of digging after a plurality of stocks and the work of scion plant graft are finished, culture technique is as the criterion with the common kidney bean culture technique again!
Five, cut seedling: the transplanting back just can be followed opening of soybean scion and be located to cut off between first stock in about 12 days, and making it soybean scion plant becomes real scion.
Six, go wrapping, that cuts off the soybean scion just can remove wrapping with ten to one month.
Embodiment three:
Capsicum is cooked the multi-stock one-budwood engrafting method that stock and capsicum are done scion:
One, dig pit: will dig the hole earlier before the grafting, the degree of depth in hole is with the degree of depth of common capsicum transplantation of seedlings, and size should be bigger than the hole of the common transplanting of capsicum seedling, can plant many rootstocks and a scion plant is advisable.
Two, select stock and scion plant: generally in many capsicum seedlings, select a strain well-grown, tall and big, stem is thick, opens the root place and goes out any strain plant of distance as scion plant the stock radical of long more grafting (distance just can be many more) to opening leaf, and remaining is as stock.
Three, choose capsicum scion plant should be on opening with place's stem with band or other thing carry out mark with cut after convenient seedling scion and stock be hard to tell Chu (because of be multi-stock one-budwood engrafting when cutting seedling interface film bundling is arranged).
Four, multi-stock one-budwood engrafting: capsicum scion plant is a complete capsicum seedling when grafting, scion is connected on the root system in the growth, the root of scion plays " nursing " effect in the grafting healing stage, finish in conjunction with just cutting off later on up to capsicum scion and all capsicum stocks.(1) standardized road length is that to put the degree of depth about 1cm under be that about 1/3rd angle of capsicum seedling diameter is first road junction with blade leaving root one to two centimeters, draw second road junction at the first road junction opening part 0.5cm that gets on about long, intersect with the first road junction tail in stem at second road junction, then the part between the twice designated port is removed, formed a triangular notch.(2) stock clip: select first stock, should select a Gen Kaigen place to opening the shortest capsicum seedling of leaf place distance as first stock, (convenient following stock is opened the root place to the requirement of opening branch place distance, the stock radical that requirement the inserts interface of many scion plant more leaves with the distance stem of stock that just requires far away more at place long more) the stock clip should be than scion plant clip to opening with the long 0.5-2cm of length that locates with director's degree to opening, (make things convenient for next step transplanting and cut seedling) determines after the length standardized road length and gradient and the much the same angle of the scion plant first road designated port on stock, get on to draw about path length second road junction on opposite, first road junction always, the second road junction length and gradient and the much the same angle of the scion plant second road designated port, make it to form a triangle tang, triangle tang size is advisable to replenish the triangular notch that has sheared on the scion plant, after finishing the stock clip stock is inserted in the triangular notch of scion plant, fix with film bundling, the wrapping film should not be too wide, to wrap up clip for well, the too wide space of just wasting the scion axis, position, on the scion plant, connect other many rootstocks then, (second interface, first designated port is answered the wrapping film of adjacent first interface on the scion plant, below identical), method is with to connect the first stock method identical! Treat to plant to the hole of digging after a plurality of stocks and the work of scion plant graft are finished, culture technique is as the criterion with common capsicum seedling culture technique again!
Five, cut seedling: transplant just can follow opening of capsicum scion about back ten days and locate to cut off between first stock, making it capsicum scion plant becomes real scion.
Six, go wrapping, that cuts off the capsicum scion just can remove wrapping with ten to two days.
Embodiment four:
Chinese fir is cooked the multi-stock one-budwood engrafting method that stock and Chinese fir are done scion:
One, dig pit: will dig the hole earlier before the grafting, the degree of depth in hole is with the degree of depth of common Chinese fir transplantation of seedlings, and size should be bigger than the hole of the common transplanting of Chinese fir seedling, can plant many rootstocks and a scion plant is advisable.
Two, select stock and scion plant: generally select a strain well-grown in many Chinese fir seedlings, tall and big, the thick strain plant of stem is as the scion plant, and remaining is as stock.
Three, choose Chinese fir scion plant should be on opening with place's stem with band or other thing carry out mark with cut after convenient seedling scion and stock be hard to tell Chu (because of be multi-stock one-budwood engrafting when cutting seedling interface film bundling is arranged).
Four, multi-stock one-budwood engrafting: Chinese fir scion plant is a complete Chinese fir seedling when grafting, scion is connected on the root system in the growth, the root of scion plays " nursing " effect in the grafting healing stage, up to Chinese fir scion and the combination just cut-out later on fully of all Chinese fir stocks.(1) standardized road length is that to put the degree of depth about 1cm under be that about 1/3rd angle of Chinese fir seedling diameter is first road junction with blade leaving root one to two centimeters, draw second road junction at the first road junction opening part 0.5cm that gets on about long, intersect with the first road junction tail in stem at second road junction, then the part between the twice designated port is removed, formed a triangular notch.(2) stock clip: select first stock, should select the shortest Chinese fir seedling of a rhizome as first stock, (the long requirement of convenient following stock stem, the stock radical that requirement the inserts interface of many scion plant more leaves with the distance stem of stock that just requires far away more at place long more) the stock clip should be than scion plant clip to opening with the long 0.5-2cm of length that locates with director's degree to opening, (make things convenient for next step transplanting and cut seedling) determines after the length standardized road length and gradient and the much the same angle of the scion plant first road designated port on stock, the 0.5cm that gets on opposite, first road junction draws second road junction about long, the second road junction length and gradient and the much the same angle of the scion plant second road designated port, make it to form a triangle tang, triangle tang size is advisable to replenish the triangular notch that has sheared on the scion plant, after finishing the stock clip stock is inserted in the triangular notch of scion plant, fix (do not fix, just can save later and wrap up this step) with film bundling with too firm thing.Connect other how rootstocks (the wrapping film that second interface, first designated port should adjacent first interface on the scion plant, below identical) then on Chinese fir scion plant, method is with to connect the first stock method identical! Treat to plant to the hole of digging after a plurality of stocks and the work of scion plant graft are finished, culture technique is as the criterion with common Chinese fir culture technique again.
Five, cut seedling: transplant just can follow opening of Chinese fir scion in back about one month and locate to cut off between first stock, making it Chinese fir scion plant becomes real scion.
Six, Chinese fir can go wrapping voluntarily with the strength of oneself growing.
Mechanism of the present invention:
The inventor does on the mountain once that the China fir seedling is auxilliary educates, the tree of cutting down sends out and risen one is exactly a hack of, generally to cut down liter and stay one to two, legend sends out that to rise Chinese fir faster than the Chinese fir growth rate of planting in the infancy, but the Chinese fir fast growth of just not planting after several years, it grows into forest slowly than the Chinese fir of planting, I was by consulting thinking and observation afterwards, it relies on the root of original Chinese fir to carry nutrient to it to find to rise the Chinese fir infancy, the root of original Chinese fir is very flourishing, can flow to fast to send out and rise the very sufficient nutrient of Chinese fir, withered along with old Chinese fir stake at leisure, original big also withered along with slowly sends out and rises its root of hair again of Chinese fir, the Chinese fir that its foundation is not just planted is so flourishing, so it is so fast that his growth rate just, and growing up of its foundation of the Chinese fir of planting a day a day is many, and to rise Chinese fir fast so its growth of later stage velocity ratio is sent out, the inventor finds a reasoning thus, and the foundation of plant is many more, and to reach its growth rate all the more just fast more.The inventor has expected grafting afterwards again, can will accelerate its growth rate of a plurality of foundation of an offspring grafting, but the inventor has just begun the test of grafting multi-stock one-budwood engrafting, obtained success by testing present inventor many times, it is simple to operate to have tested out a cover, easy row, everybody can new multi-stock one-budwood engrafting method! The inventor was applied to multi-stock one-budwood engrafting method and also had obtained success on the agricultural afterwards, the present successful multi-stock one-budwood engrafting grafting of inventor soybean, dish angle, capsicum, big bean seedlings of how root vegetables angle stem! It is big that the soybean that grafting is come out is born the beans that come than common soybean of planting.
Embodiment of the present invention only is the description that preferred implementation of the present invention is carried out; be not that design of the present invention and scope are limited; do not breaking away under the preceding topic of design philosophy of the present invention; engineers and technicians make technical scheme of the present invention in this area various modification and improvement; all should fall into protection scope of the present invention; the technology contents that the present invention asks for protection all is documented in claims.

Claims (1)

1. multi-stock one-budwood engrafting method is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) dig pit: will dig the hole earlier before the grafting, the degree of depth in hole is with the degree of depth of common stock or the common transplanting of scion plant, and size should be bigger than the hole of common stock or the common transplanting of scion plant, can plant many rootstocks and a scion plant is advisable;
(2) select stock and scion plant: select a strain well-grown in taking root in thing, tall and big, stem is thick more, open the root place to open, leaf place distance as the scion plant, remaining is as stock;
(3) choose the scion plant and on stem, carry out mark in order to avoid cut the seedling scion later on and stock is hard to tell Chu with band or other things;
(4) multi-stock one-budwood engrafting: the scion plant is a complete plant when grafting, and scion is connected on the root system in the growth, and the root of scion plays nursing role in the grafting healing stage, finishes in conjunction with just cutting off later on up to scion and all stocks;
1. put the degree of depth about the twice of standardized road length for the diameter length of this plant clip ground square-stem under with blade be that about 1/3rd angle of diameter is first road junction leaving root one to two centimeters, get on to draw about path length second road junction at the first road junction opening part always, intersect with the first road junction tail in stem at second road junction, then the plant between the twice designated port is removed, formed a triangular notch;
2. stock clip: select first stock, should select the shortest plant as first stock, the stock clip should be than scion plant clip to the long 0.5-2cm of the length of opening the root place to director's Kai Gen degree, make things convenient for next step transplanting and cut seedling, determine after the length standardized road length and gradient and the much the same angle of the scion plant first road designated port on stock, get on to draw about path length second road junction on opposite, first road junction always, the second road junction length and gradient and the much the same angle of the scion plant second road designated port, make it to form a triangle tang, triangle tang size is advisable to replenish the triangular notch that has sheared on the scion plant, after finishing the stock clip stock is inserted in the triangular notch of scion plant, fix with film bundling; Connect other many rootstocks then on the scion plant, method is with to connect the first stock method identical; Treat to plant to the hole of digging after a plurality of stocks and the work of scion plant graft are finished, culture technique is as the criterion with stock scion plant cultivation technology again;
(5) cut seedling: wait the interface of scion plant to combine the back cuts off the scion plant below the first stock interface root with the stock interface, make the scion plant become real scion;
(6) go wrapping, soybean, Kidney bean, the root that the plant of the ripe grafting of Capsicum annual growth is cut off the scion plant removes wrapping after growth normally; China fir does not generally go wrapping for the solid plant that grows into forest for many years.
CN2008103035651A 2008-08-07 2008-08-07 Multi-stock one-budwood engrafting method Expired - Fee Related CN101336599B (en)

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CN113115654B (en) * 2019-12-30 2023-07-21 西北农林科技大学 Grape double-stock green branch grafting method
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CN115250775A (en) * 2022-07-29 2022-11-01 吕子栋 Method for cultivating new soybean variety through three distant grafting vegetative hybrids
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